Abstract: Methods for recovering monomers from polymers, such as polyurethanes (including thermoset polyurethanes) include heating the polymer to depolymerize the polymer and release the monomer. The monomer may be directly recovered. The polymer may include a poly(?-methyl-?-valerolactone) (PMVL) block and the monomer recovered may be ?-methyl-?-valerolactone (MVL).

Abstract: A process for recovering tocotrienols/tocopherols from vegetable oil distillate comprising the steps of esterifying the vegetable oil distillate with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to convert the fatty acids contained therein to produce an esterified mixture comprising fatty acid esters, thereby reducing fatty acid content in the oil to less than 3% by weight; distilling the esterified mixture for separating and removing the fatty acid esters therefrom; transesterifying the distilled mixture with an alcohol in the presence of a basic catalyst for converting glycerides present therein to fatty acid esters and glycerine, forming a transesterified mixture comprising glycerine and fatty acid esters; purifying the transesterified mixture to substantially remove glycerine therefrom; and distilling the purified mixture to substantially remove fatty acid esters, producing a composition comprising a predetermined concentration of tocotrienols/tocopherols.

Abstract: A method for producing lactide including the steps of: providing a solution of lactic acid in a volatile organic solvent, subjecting the solution to an evaporation step to remove volatile organic solvent and water, resulting in the formation of a composition including lactic acid oligomer, adding catalyst to the composition including lactic acid oligomer, and bringing the mixture to reaction conditions, to form lactide. It has been found that the process results in the efficient production of lactide with a high production rate and a good product quality.

Abstract: The present application provides novel inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 and/or indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-2 and/or tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, metabolites thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof. Also provided are methods for preparing these compounds. A therapeutically effective amount of one or more of the compounds of formula (I) is useful in treating diseases resulting from dysregulation of the kynurenine pathway. Compounds of formula (I) act by inhibiting the enzymatic activity or expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 and/or indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-2 and/or tryptophan 2,3-dioxy-genase.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are reversible and irreversible inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk). Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions that include the compounds. Methods of using the Btk inhibitors are describeded, alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents, for the treatment of autoimmune diseases or conditions, heteroimmune diseases or conditions, cancer, including lymphoma, and inflammatory diseases or conditions.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to methods of preparing nicotine and resolving R,S nicotine to enrich the (S)(?) enantiomer. The method may comprise combining N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or a salt thereof with a nicotinate compound in the presence of a solvent and a strong base to form 1-methyl-3-nicotinoyl-2-pyrrolidone or a salt thereof; and reducing the 1-methyl-3-nicotinoyl-2-pyrrolidone or salt thereof in solution with Na2S2O4 to produce racemic nicotine or salt thereof. Resolving the racemic nicotine (or other enantiomeric mixture) may comprise combining the nicotine with (?)-O,O?-di-p-toluoyl-L-tartaric acid (L-PTTA).

Abstract: 3-(3-Chloro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine is prepared by cyclizing 3-hydrazinopyridine.dihydrochloride with commercially available 3-ethoxyacrylonitrile to provide 3-(3-amino-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine, and by converting the amino group to a chloro group by a Sandmeyer reaction.

Abstract: [Problem] A compound which is useful as an active ingredient of a pharmaceutical composition, for example, a pharmaceutical composition for treating chronic renal failure and/or diabetic nephropathy is provided. [Means for Solution] The present inventors have conducted extensive studies on a compound having an EP4 receptor antagonistic action, and have found that an amide compound or a salt thereof exhibits an EP4 receptor antagonistic action, thereby completing the present invention. The amide compound or a salt thereof has an EP4 receptor antagonistic action, and can be used as an active ingredient of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and/or treating various EP4-related diseases, for example, chronic renal failure and/or diabetic nephropathy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compound of Formula (I) containing carbon-carbon linker, a stereoisomer, a tautomer, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate, a prodrug, a polymorph, N-oxide, S-oxide, or a carboxylic acid isostere thereof; processes for their preparation; pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds; and their use for the treatment of the diseases or disorders mediated by GPR120 receptor.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds that inhibit wild-type RET and its resistant mutants, pharmaceutical compositions including such compounds, and methods of using such compounds and compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula I and their salts etc. which are inhibitors of phosphodiesterase type 10A and to their use for the manufacture of a medicament and which thus are suitable for treating or controlling of medical disorders selected from neurological disorders and psychiatric disorders, for ameliorating the symptoms associated with such disorders and for reducing the risk of such disorders.

Abstract: A compound of formula I wherein A, X, Y, Z, R1 and R24 are described herein. The compounds are useful as inhibitors of potassium channel function and in the treatment and prevention of arrhythmia, IKur-associated disorders, and other disorders mediated by ion channel function.

Abstract: A compound having the structure according to formula III wherein: X is NH or S; R1 is H or (1C-4C)alkyl; R2 is (1C-4C)alkyl, phenyl or a monocyclic aromatic ring having one or more N—, O— or S— atoms in the ring, which alkyl, phenyl or aromatic ring is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from (1C-4C)alkyl, (1C-4C)alkyloxy, halo(1C-4C)alkyl, halo(1C-4C)alkyloxy, phenyloxy, phenylthio, halogen, or nitro; R3 and R4 are each independently H, (1C-6C)alkyl, (2C-6C) alkenyl, (2C-6C)alkynyl, cyano, (3C-6C)cycloalkyl, phenyl, a monocyclic aromatic ring having one or more N—, O— or S— atoms in the ring, a monocyclic non-aromatic ring having one or more N—, O— or S— atoms in the ring, each optionally substituted with hydroxyl, (1C-4C)alkoxy, phenyl, cycloalkyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, furyl, thienyl, pirazinyl, pyrrolyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrrolidonyl, pyrrolinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolyl, a monocyclic aromatic ring having one or more N—, O— or S— atoms in the r

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of Formula I, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more said compounds, and methods for using said compounds for treating or preventing unstable angina, refractory angina, myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attacks, atrial fibrillation, thrombotic stroke, embolic stroke, deep vein thrombosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, ocular build up of fibrin, and reocclusion or restenosis of recanalized vessels. The compounds are selective Factor IXa inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses compounds of the formula (I) wherein the groups R1, Cy and Y are defined herein, which are suitable for the treatment of diseases related to BTK, and processes for making these compounds, pharmaceutical preparations containing these compounds, and their methods of use.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to amorphous and crystalline forms of 2-butenamide, N-[4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]7-[[(3S)-tetrahydro-3-furanyl]oxy]-6-quinazolinyl]-4-(dimethyl amino)-,(2E)-, (2Z)-2-butenedioate (1:2) (afatinib dimaleate). The present disclosure also relates to process for the preparation of amorphous and crystalline forms of afatinib dimaleate. Further, the present disclosure relates to solid dispersion of amorphous afatinib dimaleate and the crystalline form of afatinib.

Abstract: Pyrazole derivatives of Formula Ia and pharmaceutical compositions thereof that modulate the activity of the PGI2 receptor.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and methods of using such compounds to treat or prevent diseases or disorders associated with HDAC activity, particularly diseases or disorders that involve activity of HDAC1 and/or HDAC2. Such diseases include cancer, sickle-cell anemia, beta-thalassemia, and HIV.

Abstract: Disclosed is a storage-stable condensation product prepared from 1-amino-2-propanol and formaldehyde in a molar ratio in the range from 1:2.0 to 1:3.1. The condensation product contains less than 10% by weight of water. Also, disclosed is the preparation of the condensation product and the use thereof for reducing the amount of hydrogen sulphide in liquids and gases.

Abstract: Disclosed are small molecule non-peptidic compounds, as well as methods and compositions for the treatment of angiotensin-related diseases and disorders, including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, renal diseases, inflammatory/autoimmune diseases, neurological diseases, bone marrow diseases and cancer. In particular, the invention provides compounds, methods and compositions for the treatment of metabolic diseases and disorders, such as diabetes mellitus, diabetes-related cardiovascular disorders, diabetes-related dermal ulcerations, diabetes related hypertension, and diabetes-related ophthalmic diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel processes for the preparation 1,3-Thiazol-5-ylmethyl[(2R,5R)-5-{[(2S)-2-[(methyl{[2-(propan-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methyl} carbamoyl)amino]-4-(morpholin-4-yl)butanoyl]amino}-1,6-diphenylhexan-2-yl] carbamate having the following structural formula-1 and it's intermediates thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of Formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure relate to selectively substituted quinoline compounds that act as antagonists or inhibitors for Toll-like receptors 7 and/or 8, and their use in pharmaceutical compositions effective for treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds useful for treating or preventing an IL-1R-mediated disease or disorder. In certain embodiments, the disease or disorder comprises scleroderma.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the following formula I: wherein: m represents an integer being equal to 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, X represents a simple bond or a radical —CHR1— wherein R1 represents: a hydrogen atom, or a linear or branched, possibly interrupted by up to 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N and/or possibly substituted, (C1-C12)-alkyl, R2, R3 and R4 represent independently from each other: a hydrogen atom, or a linear or branched (C1-C12)-alkyl or (C1-C12)-acyl R5 represents: a hydrogen atom, or a linear or branched, possibly substituted, (C1-C13)-alkyl possibly interrupted by up to 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N, R6 represents: a hydrogen atom, or a linear or branched possibly substituted (C1-C12)-alkyl, possibly substituted and possibly interrupted by up to 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N, for their use as antibacterial drugs.

Abstract: A composition and method for treating autoimmune disease includes administering an effective amount of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand. The AhR ligand includes 11-Cl-BBQ, 10-Cl-BBQ, an analog of 11-Cl-BBQ, or combination thereof. The AhR ligand is administered topically, orally, transdermally, intravenously, subcutaneously, or with a nanoparticle. The AhR ligand induces regulatory T cells (AhR-Tregs). AhR-Treg cells block the differentiation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL). The AhR ligand activates AhR in CD4+ T cells to induce CD4+ AhR-Tregs that suppress the development of effector CTL, thereby suppressing the development of CTL that attack host cells in graft versus host disease (GVHD) or ?-cells in the pancreas in diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM). The AhR ligand can also suppress development of CTL independently of Foxp3+ regulatory T cell induction. The AhR ligand can therefore be used to treat autoimmune diseases characterized by an absence of functional Foxp3+ regulatory T cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a preparation method for praziquantel and intermediates thereof. The method includes: obtaining a target product praziquantel by using ?-phenethylamine as an initial raw material through a condensation reaction with chloroacetyl chloride, a substitution reaction with ethanolamine, and an acylation reaction with cyclohexanecarbonyl chloride, followed by an oxidation reaction and cyclization reaction. Also disclosed are two key intermediates, namely, a compound of formula IV and a compound of formula V for preparing praziquantel. The preparation method is reasonable and simple in its technological design, uses moderate reaction conditions, and is economical and environmentally friendly. Additionally, the raw materials are inexpensive and easy to obtain, the key intermediates are easy to prepare, and the total reaction yield and purity of the obtained target compound praziquantel is high, so that industrialized mass production is easy to achieve.

Abstract: This disclosure concerns compounds which are useful as inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) and are thus useful for treating a variety of diseases and disorders that are mediated or sustained through the activity of PKC. This disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, methods of using these compounds in the treatment of various diseases and disorders, processes for preparing these compounds and intermediates useful in these processes.

Abstract: Solid forms of the compound, [5-(5-chloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-pyridin-2-yl]-(6-trifluoromethyl-pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-amine HCl salt (Compound I) and its free base, active on the receptor protein kinases c-Kit and/or c-Fms and/or Flt3, were prepared and characterized: Also provided are methods of using the solid forms.

Abstract: Use of a tetramic acid compound according to formula (I) or (I?) with a second nematicide as a treatment for crop plants to combat and control nematodes in the soil of said crop plants.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula (I) as described herein, along with pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and methods to use these compounds, salts and compositions for treating viral infections, particularly infections caused by hepatitis B virus, and reducing the occurrence of serious conditions associated with HBV.

Abstract: Provided in the present invention is a novel inhibitor of FLT3 kinase, comprising a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, isomer, ester, acid, metabolite or prodrug thereof. Also provided in the present invention are a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) and a use and method for preventing or treating cell proliferative conditions and/or FLT3-related conditions, in particular for conditions responding to the inhibition of FLT3 kinase (especially FLT3/ITD mutant kinases).

Abstract: Disclosed are chemical entities of Formula (I): wherein X, Y, Z, R1, R3, R4 and R5 are defined herein, as NR2B subtype selective receptor antagonists. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a chemical entity of Formula (I), and methods of treating various diseases and disorders associated with NR2B antagonism, e.g., diseases and disorders of the CNS, such as depression, by administering a chemical entity of Formula (I).

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I, including their salts, as well as compositions and methods of using the compounds are set forth.

Abstract: The disclosure generally relates to the novel compounds of formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts, which arc CGRP-receptor antagonists. The disclosure also relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods for using the compounds in the treatment of CGRP related disorders including migraine headaches, neurogenic vasodilation, neurogenic inflammation, thermal injury, circulatory shock, flushing associated with menopause, airway inflammatory diseases such as asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Abstract: The present invention provides a new crystal form of 5-((2-(6-amino)-9H-purin-9-yl)ethyl)amino)pentan-1-ol, which has a relatively better effect in selectively inhibiting adenylate cyclase 1 and is capable of preparing a medicament for treating neuropathic pain and/or inflammatory pain.

Abstract: Described are coelenterazine analogues, methods for making the analogues, kits comprising the analogues, and methods of using the compounds for the detection of luminescence in luciferase-based assays.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having the structure: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently H, halogen, CF3 or C1-C4 alkyl, wherein two or more of R1, R2, R3, R4, or R5 are other than H; R6 is H, OH, or halogen; and B is a substituted or unsubstituted heterobicycle, wherein when R1 is CF3, R2 is H, R3 is F, R4 is H, and R5 is H, or R1 is H, R2 is CF3, R3 is H, R4 is CF3, and R5 is H, or R1 is Cl, R2 is H, R3 is H, R4 is F, and R5 is H, or R1 is CF3, R2 is H, R3 is F, R4 is H, and R5 is H, or R1 is CF3, R2 is F, R3 is H, R4 is H, and R5 is H, or R1 is Cl, R2 is F, R3 is H, R4 is H, and R5 is H, then B is other than or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention describes new pyrazolo-pyrimidine derivatives which are generally interacting with MALT1 proteolytic and/or autoproteolytic activity, and in particular which may inhibit said activity. The present invention further describes the synthesis of said new pyrazolo-pyrimidine derivatives, their use as a medicament, especially by interacting with MALT1 proteolytic and/or autoproteolytic activity.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of treating drug and alcohol abuse, depression, anxiety, or a compulsive disorder in a subject comprising administering to the subject a compound having the formula: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein R, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and X are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula (I), wherein: R1 is unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl; La is substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl linker, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 carbocycle, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle comprising one or two 5- or 6-member rings and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-member rings and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; and R2 and R3 are each, independently, H, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C6-C10 aryl; or alternatively, R2 and R3, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-member rings and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle comprising one or two 5- or 6-member rings and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formula (I): and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds. Methods of treating neurological or psychiatric disease and disorders in a subject in need are also disclosed.

Abstract: This technology relates to fluorescein conjugates including fluorescein conjugates of polymers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystal form A of a compound. The present invention also discloses a preparation method and a pharmaceutical composition of the crystal form A. The crystal form A has strong hypoglycemic activity in vivo and is expected to be a novel pharmaceutically active ingredient for treating or preventing type II diabetes and/or complications of type II diabetes.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a crystal of trans-3-amino-1-methyl-3-(4-(3-phenyl-5H-imidazo[1,2-c]pyrido[3,4-e][1,3]oxazin-2-yl)phenylcyclobutanol having excellent stability and favorable characteristics in terms of its production and formulation into drugs. The present invention provides a crystal of trans-3-amino-1-methyl-3-(4-(3-phenyl-5H-imidazo[1,2-c]pyrido[3,4-e][1,3]oxazin-2-yl)phenylcyclobutanol having characteristic peaks of diffraction angle (2?±0.1°) at 7.7°, 9.5°, 10.3°, 12.3°, 14.5°, 15.6°, 16.3°, 17.8°, 18.3°, 19.3°, 20.9°, 22.8°, 24.2°, 25.7°, 26.8°, 27.7°, 29.0° and 30.1° in a powder X-ray diffraction spectrum.

Abstract: Provided are an organic electroluminescent device (organic EL device) that is improved in luminous efficiency, sufficiently secures driving stability, and has a simple construction, and a material for an organic EL device to be used in the device. The material for an organic EL device includes a carborane compound represented by the general formula (1), and the carborane compound has a structure in which a six-membered ring group containing at least two nitrogen atoms is bonded to a carborane ring. The material for an organic EL device is suitable as a host material for a light-emitting layer containing a phosphorescent light-emitting dopant and the host material, or as a material for a hole-blocking layer. In the formula, rings A's each represent a divalent carborane group represented by the formula (1a) or the formula (1b), and two or more of X's each represent N.

Abstract: The present invention discloses new molecules having defined structures of a series of thienothiophene (TT) and boron derivatives, light emitting devices of which are expected to be applied to organic light emitting diodes (OLED)

Abstract: Novel polymerizable multivinylaminosilanes which are useful as branching agents for synthetic and natural rubber are described. The compounds can be used in the polymerization of conjugated diene monomers, optionally together with aromatic vinyl monomers, thus producing polymers, which can favorably be used in rubber articles such as tires.

Abstract: Hydridosilapyrroles and hydridosilaazapyrrole are a new class of heterocyclic compounds having a silicon bound to carbon and nitrogen atoms within the ring system and one or two hydrogen atoms on the silicon atom. The compounds have formula (I): in which R is a substituted or unsubstituted organic group and R? is an alkyl group. These compounds react with a variety of organic and inorganic hydroxyl groups by a ring-opening reaction and may be used to produce silicon nitride or silicon carbonitride films.

Abstract: Hydridosilapyrroles and hydridosilaazapyrrole are a new class of heterocyclic compounds having a silicon bound to carbon and nitrogen atoms within the ring system and one or two hydrogen atoms on the silicon atom. The compounds have formula (I): in which R is a substituted or unsubstituted organic group and R? is an alkyl group. These compounds react with a variety of organic and inorganic hydroxyl groups by a ring-opening reaction and may be used to produce silicon nitride or silicon carbonitride films.