Abstract: A method of UV photobleaching a glass sample having UV-induced colorization is disclosed. The processed includes first irradiating the glass sample with colorizing UV radiation having a colorizing wavelength of ?C<300 nm to form the colorized glass, which has a pink hue. The method then includes irradiating the colorized glass with bleaching UV radiation having a bleaching wavelength of ?B, wherein 248 nm??B?365 nm, to substantially remove the pink hue.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a calcium silicate hydrate-comprising hardening accelerator in powder form, which comprises the steps of (a) providing an aqueous suspension comprising calcium silicate hydrate; (b) mixing at least one calcium compound, selected from calcium acetate, calcium formate, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and mixtures of two or more of said compounds, with the aqueous suspension comprising calcium silicate hydrate; and (c) drying the resulting mixture. The invention also relates to the hardening accelerator obtainable by this method, to the use thereof, and to building material mixtures which comprise the hardening accelerator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cementitious slurries that remain flexible after hardening.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to repair compositions for thermal barrier coatings and methods of use thereof. The repair compositions include a ceramic composition, a colloidal solution, an aqueous binder, an aqueous dispersant, and an aqueous ammonia solution. The ceramic composition includes a first population of yttria-stabilized zirconia particles having a mean diameter from about 250 nm to about 1000 nm, a second population of yttria-stabilized zirconia particles having a mean diameter from about 2 ?m to about 10 ?m, and a third population of yttria-stabilized zirconia particles having a mean diameter from about 20 ?m to about 250 ?m. One method includes depositing the repair layer onto the damaged region, the repair layer including the repair composition, and heat treating the repair layer.

Abstract: Beneficial use structures are disclosed that include coal combustion residuals (“CCR”) mixed with water and a binder to form a structural material and adapted to be compacted for use in the formation of the beneficial use structure. Various structures having beneficial uses described, including survival bunkers, composting pits, mine reclamation encapsulation and carbon sequestration facilities, water storage facilities, compressed air storage facilities, carbon sequestration/mineral carbonation facilities and a pumped hydroelectric facility adapted for use with a lock system of a waterway.

Abstract: A method for producing organic fertilizer from poultry litter is provided. The method may include: providing one or more samples of poultry litter; mixing the samples of poultry litter with water; centrifuging the mixture of the water and the samples to separate the mixture into a liquid component and a solid component; and filtering a resulting mixture of the water and the samples to form an organic fertilizer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a novel highly concentrated phosphoric or thiophosphoric triamide formulation with enhanced stability against crystallization or freezing under extended exposure to low temperature of 0° C. or below. It also provides a method to make and use such formulations.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an explosive composition comprised of heavy ANFO and expanded polymeric beads that have a density that is less than the density of the heavy ANFO. The expanded polymeric beads have a size that is determined or based on the size of ammonium nitrate prills used in the heavy ANFO portion of the composition. In one embodiment, the expanded polymeric beads that are utilized in the composition are at least 70% of the lower limit of the mesh size of the predominant ammonium nitrate prill mesh size. In another embodiment, the expanded polymeric beads are at least 70% of a size that is related to the average mesh size of the ammonium nitrate prills.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feedstock employing circulating fluidized bed reactor-regenerator configuration for maximizing the yield of propylene (C3 olefin) is disclosed. The apparatus comprises two reaction zones operating under different temperature and weight hourly space velocity (WHSV), one primary zone for cracking of hydrocarbon feedstock and other as secondary zone for cracking of C4 fraction produced from the cracking of hydrocarbon feedstock in the primary reaction zone, optionally admixed with C4 stream from external source. Two dedicated conduits equipped with valves for control of catalyst flow rate are provided to supply the hot catalyst from a common catalyst regeneration zone wherein the catalyst flowing though conduit connected to the secondary reaction zone is cooled employing a heat exchanging device.

Abstract: A method for producing diene comprises a step 1 of obtaining a straight chain internal olefin by removing a branched olefin from a raw material including at least the branched olefin and a straight chain olefin; and a step 2 of producing diene from the internal olefin by oxidative dehydrogenation using a first catalyst and a second catalyst, and the first catalyst has a complex oxide including bismuth, molybdenum and oxygen, and the second catalyst includes at least one selected from the group consisting of silica and alumina.

Abstract: Processes for selectively alkylating and/or dealkylating one ring of cyclohexylbenzyl and/or biphenyl compounds are provided. Such selective alkylation and/or dealkylation takes place through a transalkylation reaction between the cyclohexylbenzyl compound and a substituted or unsubstituted benzene, which replaces the phenyl moiety of the cyclohexylbenzyl compound. The transalkylated cyclohexylbenzyl may be dehydrogenated to give a corresponding biphenyl compound. The same reaction steps can be utilized with respect to biphenyl compounds by first partially hydrogenating one phenyl ring of the biphenyl compound, thereby obtaining a corresponding cyclohexylbenzyl compound, which may undergo the transalkylation and, optionally, subsequent dehydrogenation.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to a process for hydroboration of an alkene or alkyne using ammonia borane (AB). In particular, the present invention relates to hydroboration of an alkene or alkyne in the presence of air or moisture, and a clean process for facile preparation of an alcohol by oxidizing the organoborane so formed with hydrogen peroxide. The products, including aminodialkylboranes, ammonia trialkylborane complexes, as well as various alcohols so prepared, are within the scope of this disclosure.

Abstract: A novel vinyl-group-containing fluorene compound and a method for producing the same, a polymerizable monomer and cross-linking agent including the compound, a leaving-group-containing fluorene compound, a monovinyl-group-containing fluorene compound, and methods for producing the same. The vinyl-group-containing fluorene compound is represented by formula (1) in which W1 and W2 represent a group represented by formula (2), a group represented by formula (4), a hydroxyl group, or a (meth)acryloyloxy group, R3a and R3b represent a cyano group, a halogen atom, or a monovalent hydrocarbon, and n1 and n2 are integers of 0-4. In formulas (2) and (4), (Z) is an aromatic hydrocarbon ring, X is a single bond or a group represented by —S—, R1 is a single bond or a C1-4 alkylene group, R2 is a substituent such as a monovalent hydrocarbon, and m is an integer of 0 or more).

Abstract: One-step cyanide-catalyzed benzoin condensations for synthesizing shape persistent cyclobenzoin macrocycles. Selected dialdehydes, and cyanide salts are reacted in aqueous solvents to form such cyclobenzoin macrocycles.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a (meth)acrylate ester compound by the transesterification of an alkyl (meth)acrylate with an alcohol compound having a tertiary hydroxyl group so as to esterify all the hydroxyl groups present in the alcohol compound with a high yield or, in a preferred embodiment, a method for esterifying a polyhydric alcohol compound having a tertiary hydroxyl group and also having a primary hydroxyl group and/or a secondary hydroxyl group by one-pot transesterification into a (meth)acrylate ester compound of the polyhydric alcohol. The method for producing a (meth)acrylate ester compound includes a step (I) of transesterifying an alkyl (meth)acrylate with an alcohol compound having a tertiary hydroxyl group using a transesterification catalyst including a complex of iron with a specific ligand, the water content in the transesterification reaction system being not more than 1000 ppm.

Abstract: It is possible to produce a fluorine-containing ?-ketocarboxylic ester hydrate by reacting a fluorine-containing ?-hydroxycarboxylic ester with sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite of 21 mass % or greater in mass percentage of composition. Furthermore, it is possible to produce a fluorine-containing ?-ketocarboxylic ester by reacting the hydrate with a dehydrating agent. Furthermore, it is possible to produce a fluorine-containing ?-ketocarboxylic ester hemiketal by reacting the fluorine-containing ?-ketocarboxylic ester hydrate with a lower alcohol or a trialkyl orthocarboxylate. Moreover, it is possible to produce a fluorine-containing ?-ketocarboxylic ester by reacting the hemiketal with a dealcoholization agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing methyl methacrylate, comprising the following steps: A) producing methacrolein and B) reacting the methacrolein obtained in step A) in an oxidative esterification reaction to give methyl methacrylate, characterized in that the two steps A) and B) take place in a liquid phase at a pressure of from 2 to 100 bar, and step B) is carried out in the presence of a heterogeneous noble-metal-containing catalyst comprising metals and/or comprising metal oxides.

Abstract: The bifunctional compound according to the present invention is represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, CH3, or C2H5; R2 and R3 are each independently a hydrogen atom or CH3; and X is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having no more than 4 carbon atoms and optionally containing a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to simply and highly actively realize an isomerization reaction of an industrially important compound, diaminodicyclohexylmethane, without passing through a complicated multi-stage process.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of anhydrous, alcohol-free tetramethylammonium fluoride is described. The method includes fluorination of tetramethylammonium chloride with potassium fluoride in an alcohol solvent, removal of insoluble potassium salts, and finally, removal of the alcohol solvent and replacement of it with an aprotic solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of diaminobutane from ornithine, comprising steps of: i. preparing a solution of (a) a salt of ornithine and an acid; and (b) an aldehyde or a ketone, or a mixture thereof; in (c) a solvent, wherein the solvent comprises a protic organic solvent or a dipolar aprotic organic solvent, or a mixture thereof and ii. heating the solution to a temperature above 100° C., thereby inducing decarboxylation of the ornithine and formation of diaminobutane.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for enhancing histone acylation, learning, memory and/or cognition in subjects with compound (I) or compositions comprising compound (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of the formula (I): wherein, R1 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group; R2 is —R4—R5; R3 is —R4—R5 or —R4—R6; R4 is a divalent organic group; R5 is OH, SH, COOH or NHR9; R9 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms; and R6 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for preparing a pure isophthalaldehyde bisulfite adduct free from impurities through a specific purification process, and use thereof as a starting material for polymerizing polybenzimidazole under a mild condition. According to the present disclosure, it is possible to obtain a pure isophthalaldehyde bisulfite adduct free from impurities, such as unreacted materials or byproducts. In addition, it is possible to accomplish industrial mass production of a high-molecular weight polybenzimidazole by using the adduct as a starting material for polymerizing polybenzimidazole under a mild condition in an organic solvent.

Abstract: The invention provides certain N-acyloxysulfonamide and N-hydroxy-N-acylsulfonamide derivative compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and kits comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds or pharmaceutical compositions. In particular, the invention provides methods of using such compounds or pharmaceutical compositions for treating, preventing, or delaying the onset and/or develop of a disease or condition. In some embodiments, the disease or condition is selected, from cardiovascular diseases, ischemia, reperfusion injury, cancerous disease, pulmonary hypertension and conditions responsive to nitroxyl therapy.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and processes involving the catalyzed cleavage reaction of dimethyl sulfide to methyl mercaptan. The catalyzed cleavage reaction can be a standalone system or process, or can be integrated with a methyl mercaptan production plant.

Abstract: What is described is a compound of formula I wherein X is an alkylene or an alkenylene; Y is a monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic arene or heteroarene; Z is S or O; L is a linear or branched alkylene of 1 to 6 carbons; R1 is a branched alkyl or alkenyl of 1 to 25 carbons; R2 is a alkyl or alkenyl of 1 to 20 carbons; R3 and R4 are independently a linear or branched alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons; n is 0 to 6; and m, p, q, and r are independently 1-18; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound of the general formula (I) N3O2S—Ar-L-Ar?—SO2N3, wherein: —Ar and Ar? are aromatic building blocks; and —L is a linking group comprising at least one heteroatom as well as an organic chain denoted as Sp? and having at least two carbon atoms. The invention also relates to a compound of the general formula (II) wherein: —Ar and Ar? are aromatic building blocks; —L is a covalent bond or a linking group; —m and n are both 0 or 1, at least one of m and n being 1; —Sp and Sp? are organic chains having at least two carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and methods for the treatment, prevention, and/or reduction of a risk of a disease, disorder, or condition in which aldehyde toxicity is implicated in the pathogenesis, including ocular disorders, skin disorders, conditions associated with injurious effects from blister agents, and autoimmune, inflammatory, neurological and cardiovascular diseases by the use of a primary amine to scavenge toxic aldehydes, such as MDA and HNE.

Abstract: Disclosed are alpha-aryl-beta-amino isoquinoline amide compounds and substituted benzamide compounds. In particular, the invention provides compounds that affect the function of kinases in a cell and that are useful as therapeutic agents or with therapeutic agents. The compounds of the invention are useful in the treatment of a variety of diseases and conditions including eye diseases such as glaucoma, cardiovascular diseases, and diseases characterized by abnormal growth, such as cancers. The invention further provides compositions containing isoquinoline amide compounds.

Abstract: In certain aspects, the invention provides crystalline forms of olaparib (4-[(3-[(4-cyclopropylcarbonyl)piperazin-4-yl]carbonyl)-4-fluorophenyl]methyl(2H)phthalazin-1-one). In related aspects, the invention provides processes for preparing the crystalline forms of olaparib. The processes include: forming a solution comprising crude olaparib and an organic solvent; adding an anti-solvent to the solution to form a slurry comprising a precipitate; isolating the precipitate; and drying the precipitate to obtain a crystalline form I of olaparib or a crystalline form II of olaparib.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel heterocyclic compounds of general formula (I), as well as their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and their enantiomers. The invention also relates to the use thereof as a medicinal product, preferably in the prevention and/or treatment of inflammatory diseases with a neurogenic component or use thereof as a cosmetic. The compounds of the present invention act as antagonists of the CGRP-R receptor.

Abstract: A novel class of fluorinated derivatives of Formula I have been prepared and found to be useful in the treatment of cancers and other EGFR related disorders.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula I or a salt, solvate, or stereoisomer thereof, wherein X is H, or an electron withdrawing group such as a halogen, NH2, NO2, SO2, CN, or a C1-C6 alkyl group; Alk is C1-C3 alkyl; R1 is H, C1-C6 alkyl, which may be substituted with OH, NH2, acyl, sulfonyl, and cyano groups; and R2, is C1-C6 alkyl, which may be substituted with OH, NH2, acyl, sulfonyl, and cyano groups. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and/or rufinamide are also provided. Methods for prevention and treatment of epilepsy disorders such as Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS), and modulation of voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels are Nav1.1 channels by administration of these compounds and/or rufinamide are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the efficient preparation of 2-substituted-4-amido-1,2,3-triazoles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having a cholinergic muscarinic M1 receptor positive allosteric modulator activity, which may be useful as a prophylactic or therapeutic drug for Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, pain, sleep disorder, Parkinson's disease dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies and the like. The present invention relates to a compound represented by the formula (I) or a salt thereof: wherein each symbol is as defined in the attached DESCRIPTION.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds and composition for inhibition of FASN, their synthesis, applications, and antidotes.

Abstract: The present invention provides, among other things, compounds represented by the general Formula I: (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein L and A (and further substituents) are as defined in classes and subclasses herein and compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) comprising such compounds, which compounds are useful as inhibitors of hepatitis C virus polymerase, and thus are useful, for example, as medicaments for the treatment of HCV infection.

Abstract: Novel processes for the preparation of a compound of Formula I-2 substantially free of the 5,6-trans isomer: wherein R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the specification are provided. Novel intermediates for the preparations of isomer free Prostaglandins and derivatives thereof are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method of inhibiting, suppressing or preventing HBV infection in an individual in need thereof, comprising administering to the individual a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of the invention.

Abstract: Tetrahydrothiophene and related heterocyclic analogs and related methods for GABA aminotransferase inactivation.

Abstract: The invention provides certain nicotine salt co-crystals and provides novel polymorphic forms of certain nicotine salts. In particular, certain nicotine salt-co-crystals are described, including nicotine and two different coformers. The invention further provides methods of preparation and characterization of nicotine salts, co-crystals, and salt co-crystals. In addition, tobacco products, including smoking articles, smokeless tobacco products, and electronic smoking articles comprising nicotine salts, co-crystals, and/or salt co-crystals are also provided.

Abstract: The present specification provides a heterocyclic compound and an organic light emitting device including the same.

Abstract: The invention provides crystalline forms of biphenyl-2-ylcarbamic acid 1-(2-{[4-(4-carbamoylpiperidin-1-ylmethyl)benzoyl]methylamino}ethyl)piperidin-4-yl ester, and pharmaceutically acceptable solvates thereof. The crystalline form can be a freebase, or a salt such as a diphosphate, monosulfate or dioxalate salt. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising these crystalline compounds or prepared using these compounds; processes and intermediates for preparing the crystalline compounds; and methods of using these compounds to treat a pulmonary disorder.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a compound of formula (Ia), (Ib), (IIa), and (IIb): which are useful in the treatment of a Retroviridae viral infection including an infection caused by the HIV virus.

Abstract: Disclosed are benzimidazole compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use thereof. One embodiment is a compound having the structure and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs and N-oxides thereof (and solvates and hydrates thereof), wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, Y and X are as described herein. In certain embodiments, a compound disclosed herein activates AMPK, and can be used to treat disease by activating the AMPK pathway.

Abstract: The present specification relates to a hetero-cyclic compound and an organic light emitting device comprising the same.

Abstract: A tetrazolinone compound represented by formula (1): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C3 alkyl group optionally having one or more halogen atoms, a C1-C3 alkoxy group optionally having one or more halogen atoms, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or a C1-C3 alkylthio group optionally having one or more halogen atoms; and R2 represents a C1-C3 alkyl group optionally having one or more halogen atoms, a C1-C3 alkoxy group optionally having one or more halogen atoms, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a C3-C4 cycloalkyl group optionally having one or more halogen atoms, has excellent control activity against plant diseases.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to LRRK2 inhibitors, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, deuterated analog, prodrug, tautomer, stereoisomer, or mixture of stereoisomers thereof, and methods of making and using thereof.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I: or pharmaceutical salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of making the compounds and using the compounds for treatment of inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.