Abstract: A laser system may include a laser source configured to generate a first laser light beam, a beamsplitter configured to split the first laser light beam into a plurality of second laser light beams, and a multi-channel acousto-optic modulator (AOM). The multi-channel AOM may include a common acousto-optic medium configured to receive the plurality of second laser light beams, and a respective phased array transducer comprising a plurality of electrodes coupled to the acousto-optic medium for each of the second laser light beams. The laser system may further include a plurality of radio frequency (RF) drivers configured to generate respective RF drive signals for the phased array transducer electrodes.

Abstract: A system for conversion or amplification using quasi-phase matched nonlinear optical wave-mixing includes a first radiation source for providing a pump radiation beam, a second radiation source for providing a signal radiation beam, a bent structure for receiving the pump radiation beam and the signal radiation beam, and an outcoupling radiation propagation portion for coupling out an idler radiation beam generated in the bent structure. A radiation propagation portion of the bent structure is made of a uniform three-dimensional material at least partly covered by a two-dimensional or quasi-two-dimensional material layer and has a dimension taking into account the spatial variation of the nonlinear optical susceptibility along the radiation propagation portion as experienced by radiation traveling along the bent structure for obtaining quasi-phase matched nonlinear optical wave-mixing in the radiation propagation portion.

Abstract: An OPO with very fast and accurate tuning. The angle of the crystals in the OPO is controlled by converting the linear motion of a voice coil into rotational motion. In preferred embodiments one or two OPO crystals are mounted as a crystal unit that can rotate around an axis such that the angle of the crystals with respect to the beams' direction can be varied to generate the desired wavelengths. The crystal unit has a lever that is connected to the shaft of the voice coil such that as the shaft extend or retracts the level is pulled or pushed and the linear motion of the shaft is converted to an angular motion of the crystal unit. The position of the voice-coil shaft is controlled in a close-loop based on a built-in encoder. The relation between the reading of the encoder and the crystals' angle is recorded and provides the calibration of the unit. Preferably calibration is done by measuring the output wavelength of the OPO as a function of the encoder position.

Abstract: An adjustable light fixture for photography that is versatile in mobility and utility. The light fixture includes a light socket, a handle, an umbrella-mounting hole, a hot shoe mount, a stand adaptor, and a lockable pivot joint. The light socket receives a light bulb and includes a housing and an electrical interfacing cavity. The intermediate spar is adjacently connected to the housing to connect the handle to the light socket. The electrical interfacing cavity traverses into the housing, opposite the intermediate spar. The handle is adjacently and perpendicularly connected to the intermediate spar, opposite the housing. The umbrella-mounting hole traverses through the handle, oriented parallel to a main axis of the electrical interfacing cavity. The hot shoe mount is adjacently connected to the intermediate spar, opposite the handle. The stand adaptor is pivotably attached to the handle by the lockable pivot joint, opposite the intermediate spar.

Abstract: The spring loaded mount adapter couples with a camera system to affix the position of the camera system. The spring loaded mount adapter includes multiple raised members that, at a resting configuration, are designed to couple with extensions of the camera frame and prevent the camera system from displacing. A user may decouple the camera system from the spring loaded mount adapter by providing a user input to multiple input mechanisms of the spring loaded mount adapter. In doing so, the applied force movably displaces the multiple raised members, thereby eliminating their coupling with the camera system. The camera system may be conveniently removed in response to the user provided input.

Abstract: A projection apparatus includes a light source, an optical engine module, and a lens module. The lens module includes a plate having at least one through hole, a lens fixed to the plate, at least one slide assembly disposed between the plate and an optical engine housing of the optical engine module, and a position adjusting device including a movable guide member and at least one guide pillar. The plate is movably disposed on the optical engine housing through the slide assembly. The movable guide member is movably disposed between the plate and the optical engine housing. The guide pillar is disposed on the movable guide member and passes through the through hole. When the movable guide member is forced to move towards an axial direction, the guide pillar drives the plate to move on the slide assembly along the axial direction relative to the optical engine housing.

Abstract: Systems and methods for calibrating an image projection system, using image capture devices are disclosed. In particular, Wide-Angle (WA) and Ultra Wide-Angle (UWA) lenses can be utilized to eliminate need for traditional test patterns and tedious alignment settings. That is particularly useful for automatic calibration of projection sources that may require frequent adjustments on the field. Geometric mapping techniques combined with image analytics allow identifying parallel lines in an image captured from a scene. Coordinates of vanishing points corresponding to pairs of parallel lines provide sufficient information to determine orientation of the image projection system in space.

Abstract: A cooling device cools down a wheel having a disc shape. The wheel is hermetically enclosed in an enclosure and rotationally driven about a rotation shaft. The cooling device includes blade members that are disposed on one surface of the wheel, a heat dissipater to which a gas heated by the wheel is blown by the blade members due to rotation of the wheel, and a gas flow definer that is located inside the enclosure, and separates a flow path along which the gas that has been cooled by the heat dissipater flows before being blown to the one surface and a flow path along which the gas that has been blown to the one surface and heated flows.

Abstract: A fluorescent element includes a fluorescent light layer that converts a light flux from an LD light source into light having a different wavelength, a scattering layer, and a reflective element. The fluorescent light layer is provided between the scattering layer and the reflective element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wavelength conversion element including: a base material including a light-reflecting surface; a dichroic film; and a wavelength conversion layer provided between the light-reflecting surface and the dichroic film. The dichroic film reflects portion of light in a wavelength band that the wavelength conversion layer absorbs, and has a reflectance distribution, with respect to the light along a predetermined direction.

Abstract: A device for converting wavelength and a projection light source are disclosed in the present disclosure. According to an example, the device may comprise a roller, a drive motor, a first reflector, a support shaft, a drive module and a dichroic film. An axis of the support shaft may be coincided with an axis of the roller. The support shaft may be not rotated with rotation of the roller. The drive motor may drive the roller rotate around the support shaft and the drive module may drive the roller to move back and forth along an axial direction of the support shaft. So excitation light reflected by the first reflector may be incident uniformly on the sidewall of the roller. Therefore, fluorescent powder conversion efficiency may be improved compared with that of the excitation light incident on a fixed area.

Abstract: In a discharge lamp driving device, a mixed period is provided, in which a first period in which an alternating current is supplied and a second period in which a direct current is supplied are alternately repeated and a third period alternately including a first direct current period and a second direct current period in which a direct current having a polarity opposite to a polarity of the direct current in the first direct current period is supplied. Length of the second direct current period is smaller than 0.5 ms. A total of lengths of the first direct current periods in the third period is larger than length of the second period. The third period is not provided at least when the inter-electrode voltage is smaller than a first predetermined value or when a cumulative lighting time of the discharge lamp is smaller than a second predetermined value.

Abstract: An illumination system including a coherent light source device, a light delivery module, and a light wavelength conversion module is provided. The coherent light source device includes a light emitting source and a light collimating element. The light emitting source is adapted to emit at least one coherent light beam. The light collimating element is located on a transmission path of the at least one coherent light beam from the light emitting source and collimates the at least one coherent light beam. The light delivery module is located on a transmission path of at least one coherent light beam from the light collimating element and includes a first lens. The first lens has a lens array surface adapted to diverge any of the coherent light beam from the light collimating element. A projection apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: A method of creating an image including retrieving three-dimensional image data of an anatomy, retrieving a model of a portion of the anatomy, associating the model with the three-dimensional image data such that the model defines a bounded volume within the three-dimensional image data corresponding to the portion of the anatomy, and creating a virtual radiograph of the portion of the anatomy. Creating the virtual radiograph includes casting a plurality of rays from an origin point through the bounded volume, sampling, for each ray, the bounded volume at a plurality of sampling steps along the ray, the sampling steps separated by a sampling distance, and calculating, for each ray, an accumulated attenuation value of the bounded volume along the ray based on the samples.

Abstract: A photomask including monitoring marks is disclosed. In one aspect, the photomask includes a transparent substrate, a mask pattern formed on an upper surface of the transparent substrate, and a monitoring mark having a line width pattern shared with the mask pattern. The monitoring mark is configured to receive a laser beam so as to measure a power state of the laser beam.

Abstract: A semiconductor device fabrication method includes irradiating a first surface of a substrate with a radiation beam. While irradiating the first surface of the substrate, a precursor gas is introduced near the first surface to deposit a layer including a first material. The precursor gas is removed from near the first surface after the depositing the layer. After the removing the precursor gas and prior to forming another layer over the layer, while irradiating a second surface of the layer, a cleaning gas is introduced near the second surface of the layer to transform the first material into a second material.

Abstract: Systems and methods for isolating a membrane during fabrication. The membrane is connected to a substrate wafer using a plurality of magnets of uniform dimensions formed into two or more magnet stack beams. The magnet stack beams provide a gap between the wafer and the membrane. The wafer connected to the membrane by the magnet stack beams is received by a substrate holder so that a space is present between the membrane and the substrate holder. The membrane is rinsed by immersing, soaking, and withdrawing the substrate holder and the wafer connected to the membrane by the magnet stack beams using a rinse bath solution.

Abstract: An imprint apparatus performs an imprint process by which an imprint material on a substrate is molded using a mold having a pattern region. A detector detects marks formed in each of a plurality of shot regions on the substrate. The plurality of shot regions include a first region in which all of the marks to be formed in one shot region are formed, and a second region in which some of the marks to be formed in one shot region are formed. When performing the imprint process on the second shot region, a controller obtains a shape of the second shot region based on a shape of the first shot region obtained by detecting the marks formed in the first shot region, and an amount of deformation of the pattern region by the deformation unit by using the obtained shape of the second shot region.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an interposer wafer includes providing at least one mask having printing regions for forming a plurality of interposer designs; selecting an interposer design; and forming the interposer design on a substrate using a plurality of lithographic imaging steps. For each lithographic imaging step, at least one portion of the interposer design is printed by exposing at least one of the printing regions while blocking at least one other of the printing regions.

Abstract: There is provided a pattern forming method comprising (a) a step of forming a film on a substrate using an electron beam-sensitive or extreme ultraviolet radiation-sensitive resin composition, (b) a step of forming a top coat layer on the film using a top coat composition containing a resin (T) containing at least any one of repeating units represented by formulae (I-1) to (I-5) shown below, (c) a step of exposing the film having the top coat layer using an electron beam or an extreme ultraviolet radiation, and (d) a step of developing the film having the top coat layer after the exposure to form a pattern.

Abstract: A method for measuring an angularly resolved intensity distribution in a reticle plane (24) of a projection exposure apparatus (10). The apparatus includes an illumination system (16), irradiating a reticle (22) arranged in the reticle plane (24) and having a first pupil plane (20). All planes of the projection exposure apparatus which are conjugate thereto are further pupil planes, and the reticle plane (24) and all planes which are conjugate thereto are field planes. The method includes: arranging a spatially resolving detection module (44) in the region of one of the field planes (24, 30) such that the detection module is at a smaller distance from this field plane than from the closest pupil plane (20), radiating electromagnetic radiation (21) onto an optical module (42) from the illumination system, and determining an angularly resolved intensity distribution of the radiation from a signal recorded by the detection module.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an optical component that includes an optical element fixed in the transverse direction in a frame. The frame has a linear expansion of at most 0.01% in the transverse direction even in the case of a linear expansion of the optical element in the transverse direction by up to 1%.

Abstract: A reflective optical element (50) having a substrate (52) and a multilayer system (51) that has a plurality of partial stacks (53), each with a first layer (54) of a first material and a second layer (55) of a second material. The first material and the second material differ from one another in refractive index at an operating wavelength of the optical element. Each of the partial stacks has a thickness (Di) and a layer thickness ratio (?i), wherein the layer thickness ratio is the quotient of the thickness of the respective first layer and the partial stack thickness (Di). In a first section of the multilayer system, for at least one of the two variables of partial stack thickness (Di) and layer thickness ratio (?i), the mean square deviation from the respective mean values therefor is at least 10% less than in a second section of the multilayer system.

Abstract: An illumination optical unit for EUV projection lithography serves for illuminating an illumination field in which an object field of a downstream imaging optical unit is arranged. An object displaceable in an object displacement direction is in turn arrangeable in the object field. A facet mirror of the illumination optical unit has a plurality of facets arranged alongside one another and serving for the reflective, superimposing guidance of partial beams of a beam of EUV illumination light to the object field. The facet mirror is arranged such that a position of the respective facet on the facet mirror and an impingement region of an illumination light partial beam on the respective facet of the facet mirror predefine an illumination direction for the field points of the object field.

Abstract: An illumination optical assembly for projection lithography serves for illuminating an illumination field, in which an object field of a downstream imaging optical assembly is arrangeable, with illumination light of an EUV light source. The illumination optical assembly has a pupil illumination unit, on which the illumination light impinges and which includes facets for illuminating a pupil in the illumination beam path with the illumination light with a predefined pupil intensity distribution. The pupil illumination unit is embodied such that a plurality of illumination channels of the pupil illumination unit illuminate only a part of the entire object field. This results in an illumination optical assembly in which an excessively high illumination intensity on the facets of the pupil illumination unit can be reduced.

Abstract: An EUV mirror with a substrate and a multilayer arrangement including: a periodic first layer group having N1>1 first layer pairs of period thickness P1 and arranged on a radiation entrance side of the multilayer arrangement; a periodic second layer group having N2>1 second layer pairs of period thickness P2 and arranged between the first layer group and the substrate; and a third layer group having N3 third layer pairs arranged between the first and second layer groups. N1>N2. The third layer group has a third period thickness P3 which deviates from an average period thickness PM=(P1+P2)/2 by a period thickness difference ?P. ?P corresponds to the quotient of the optical layer thickness (?/4) of a quarter-wave layer and the product of N3 and cos(AOIM), AOIM being the mean incidence angle for which the multilayer arrangement is designed.

Abstract: An object table to support an object, the object table having a support body, an object holder to hold an object, an opening adjacent an edge of the object holder, and a channel in fluid communication with the opening via a passageway, wherein the channel is defined by a first material which is different to a second material defining the passageway.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus transfers a pattern on a wafer by irradiating a reticle with an illumination light, and the pattern is formed on a pattern surface of the reticle. The exposure apparatus is provided with a reticle stage that moves holding the reticle, and a sensor that irradiates a measurement light on the pattern surface of the reticle held by the reticle stage and detects speckles from the pattern.

Abstract: A pattern from a patterning device is applied to a substrate by a lithographic apparatus. The applied pattern includes product features and metrology targets. The metrology targets include large targets which are for measuring overlay using X-ray scattering and small targets which are for measuring overlay by diffraction of visible radiation. Some of the smaller targets are distributed at locations between the larger targets, while other small targets are placed at the same locations as a large target. By comparing values measured using a small target and large target at the same location, parameter values measured using all the small targets can be corrected for better accuracy. The large targets can be located primarily within scribe lanes while the small targets are distributed within product areas.

Abstract: A measurement system configured to measure a position dependent signal of an object table, the measurement system including at least one sensor mountable on the object table and a sensor target object mountable on a substantially stationary frame, and a mounting device configured to mount the sensor target object on the substantially stationary frame, wherein the measurement system further includes a compensator configured to compensate movements and/or deformations of the sensor target object with respect to the substantially stationary frame. The compensator may include a passive or an active damper and/or a feedback position controller. In an alternative embodiment, the compensator includes a gripping device which fixes the position of the sensor target object during a high accuracy movement of the movable object.

Abstract: A lithography apparatus includes an original conveying path, a substrate conveying path, and a plurality of patterning devices each configured to perform patterning on a substrate using an original. The plurality of patterning devices are arranged in two rows. The substrate conveying path is provided between and along the two rows. The original conveying path is provided in each of two rows between and along which the two rows of the patterning devices are arranged.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus that exposes a substrate by exposure light via liquid between an optical member and the substrate, the exposure apparatus includes: an apparatus frame, an optical system including the optical member, a liquid immersion member that is configured to form an immersion liquid space and that includes a first member disposed at at least a portion of surrounding of the optical member and a second member disposed at at least a portion of surrounding of the optical member, a driving apparatus configured to relatively move the second member with respect to the first member, and a vibration isolator by which the first member is supported to the apparatus frame.

Abstract: The toner of the present invention is an electrostatic latent image developing toner, and has a toner base particle. The toner base particle contains a binder resin including a crystalline resin, and a release agent. The toner has the maximum value G?MAX at a temperature equal to or lower than Tm, among specific storage elastic modulus ratios, of 2.2 or more. The Tm represents a peak top temperature (° C.) of a specific endothermic peak in DSC of the toner.

Abstract: The toner of the present invention contains: a toner base particle, and a silica particle and a fatty acid metal salt particle adhering to a surface of the toner base particle. The toner base particle contains a crystalline polyester resin and an amorphous polyester resin. The toner particle has an average circularity of 0.945 to 0.965. The silica particle has a volume average particle size of 70 to 300 nm, and has an average circularity of 0.5 to 0.9. The fatty acid metal salt particle has a median diameter based on a volume of 0.50 to 2.00 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention provides a toner that excels in low-temperature fixability and also maintains charging performance, storability, and anti-hot offset property even in long-term image output. The toner comprising a toner particle containing an amorphous polyester resin, a crystalline polyester resin, wax, and a colorant, wherein a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of the crystalline polyester resin is 5000 to 14,000, and the crystalline polyester resin includes 0.5 mass % to 15.0 mass % of a segment derived from one or more aliphatic compounds selected from the group consisting of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with a carbon number of 8 to 20 and aliphatic monohydric alcohols with a carbon number of 8 to 20.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developing unit that contains an electrostatic charge image developer which contains a carrier and an electrostatic charge image developing toner, wherein the toner includes toner particles which contain a polyester resin, which is a polycondensate of a polycarboxylic acid and a polyol, and has a glass transition temperature of 50° C. to 70° C., the polyol includes a polyol not having a bisphenol A structure in a range of 50% by weight to 100% by weight, and a melt viscosity A of the toner at 110° C. after storage for 2 hours under the environment of absolute humidity of 82.7 (g/m3) and a melt viscosity B of the toner at 110° C. after storage for 2 hours under the environment of absolute humidity of 16.5 (g/m3) each are in the ranges specified in the specification.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a toner for development of electrostatic images (hereinafter referred to as toner) which, while preventing dust during fixation, secures improved hot offset resistance and is excellent in providing good image quality. The invention relates to the toner that comprises a binder resin, a colorant and a wax, wherein the wax has, while in a state of being contained in the toner, a melting point of from 55° C. to 90° C., and the value Dt of the toner satisfies a specific formula.

Abstract: Image carrying member units are each provided with an image carrying member, a charging device, and a pair of support frames. The charging device has: a charging roller that charges the image carrying member by rotation driven by the image carrying member; a cleaning member for cleaning the charging roller; a pair of bearing members for rotatably supporting both end parts of the cleaning member and the charging roller; and biasing members for biasing the bearing members in a direction in which the same moves closer to the image carrying member. An image carrying member bearing part and a first cleaning member bearing part for rotatably supporting one end part of the rotating shaft for the cleaning member where an input side gear is provided, are formed integrally on a first support frame for supporting one end part of the image carrying member where an output side gear is provided.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an intermediary transfer member, a first image forming portion including a first photosensitive member, a first charging member, a first developing device, a first transfer portion, and a first pre-exposure device, a second image forming portion including a second photosensitive member, a second charging member, a second developing device, a second transfer portion, and a second pre-exposure device, a current detecting portion, and an adjusting portion for adjusting an exposure amount of the first photosensitive member by the first pre-exposure device on the basis of a detection result of the detecting portion in a region on the first photosensitive member having contacted a toner band formed in a maximum amount per unit area on the intermediary transfer member by the second image forming portion in a state in which a transfer current is supplied.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a polygon mirror having a first mirror surface and a controller. The controller is configured to: acquire a detection interval corresponding to one rotation of a polygon mirror; start scanning exposure with a first beam deflected by the first mirror surface, in response to elapse of a first time period after a detection signal has been detected; and start scanning exposure with a second beam deflected by the first mirror surface, in response to elapse of a second time period after the detection signal has been detected. The second time period is calculated based on the detection interval.

Abstract: A developing device includes a developing container for accommodating a developer, a rotatable developer carrying member for carrying and feeding the developer, and a layer thickness regulating member for regulating a layer thickness of the developer carried on the developer carrying member. The developer circulates between first and second chambers, which are partitioned by a partition wall. A rotatable feeding member feeds the developer in the first chamber, and a light-transmitting portion permits light transmission into a developing container. The light-transmitting portion is disposed at a developer carrying member side of the partition wall so that a light beam entering inside of the developing container is regularly reflected by a surface of a rotation shaft of the feeding member, and the regularly reflected light is emitted outside of the developing container through a gap between the developer carrying member and the layer thickness regulating member.

Abstract: What is provided is an image forming apparatus in which longitudinal end portions of a developer bearing region or longitudinal end portions of an opening are respectively located outside longitudinal end portions of a transfer bias applicable region.

Abstract: A developing device includes a housing for housing therein a developer containing toner and magnetic carrier, and a first sensor including an oscillation circuit and a coil board which is part of the oscillation circuit and on which a coil pattern is formed. A fitting portion formed by recessing an outer surface of the housing is provided in the housing so as to allow the coil board to be fitted at a position closer to the developer than the outer surface of the housing. The coil board is fitted into the fitting portion.

Abstract: An electrographic image forming device according to one example embodiment includes toner cartridge having a housing that includes a toner reservoir. An outlet port faces downward on a front of the housing near a first side of the housing. A linkage is positioned on the first side of the housing and has an engagement surface that is accessible at the rear of the housing. A projection is positioned on the first side of the housing and is movable between a first position and a second position. The projection is operatively connected to the linkage such that the projection moves upward from the first position to the second position when the engagement surface receives a forward force that is toward the front of the housing. The projection extends outward sideways from the first side when the projection is in the second position.

Abstract: A developer storage container (30) includes a container body (37), a developer discharge port (377), a movable wall (32) and a stirring member (35). The movable wall moves in a first direction in an internal space from an initial position on one end side in the first direction to a final position on the other end side while conveying developer in a container space toward the developer discharge port. At the final position of the movable wall, an upstream end portion of an outer circumferential portion of the movable wall in the first direction is disposed upstream, in the first direction, of an upstream end portion of the developer discharge port in the first direction and a conveying surface of the movable wall is disposed at a distance from the stirring member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive drum, a fixing unit including a fixing roller, a sheet ejection tray, a switchback roller, a re-feeding roller, a first frame, a second frame, a first motor, a first transmission mechanism, a second motor, and a second transmission mechanism. The switchback roller is configured to rotate in a forward direction to convey a sheet to the tray and in a reverse direction to convey the sheet back toward the photosensitive drum. The first motor and the first transmission mechanism are disposed to the first frame. The first transmission mechanism is configured to transmit the drive force from the first motor to the fixing roller. The second motor and the second transmission mechanism are disposed to the second frame. The second transmission mechanism is includes a clutch mechanism configured to intermittently transmit the drive force from the second motor to the re-feeding roller.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a heating member including a base layer, first and second electroconductive layers and a plurality of heat generating resistors provided on the base layer and having a volume resistivity smaller than a volume resistivity of the base layer; a temperature detecting member; and an electrode member. The heat generating resistors are provided helically around the base layer so that a helical axis thereof extends along the longitudinal direction of the rotatable member, and are disposed with intervals. One end and the other end of each of the heat generating resistors are electrically connected with the first and the second electroconductive layers, respectively. A temperature detecting region of the rotatable member by the temperature detecting member overlaps with the heat generating resistors.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has an operating state and a non-operating state with power consumption smaller than in the operating state. The image forming apparatus includes: a fixing device for thermally fixing a toner image on a print material; an execution unit for executing warm-up to heat the fixing device up to a printable temperature for fixing the toner image on the print material, upon power-on or in shifting from the non-operating state to the operating state; and a temperature control unit for maintaining a waiting state to keep the fixing device at the printable temperature or higher, after completion of warm-up or printing. The temperature control unit increases the temperature of the fixing device higher in a waiting state after printing a predetermined number of times since power-on or in a waiting state after the non-operating state for a predetermined time or longer, than in any other waiting state.

Abstract: The fixing device includes a charge elimination member, a retaining member, a contact sheet metal, and a first contact member. The charge elimination member performs charge elimination from a recording medium by making contact with the recording medium that has passed through a fixing-and-nipping part. The retaining member has the charge elimination member fixed thereto. The contact sheet metal is held at a specified potential. The first contact member electrically connects the charge elimination member and the contact sheet metal to each other. The retaining member has a hollow cylindrical-shaped positioning boss, and the fixing housing has an insertion hole into which the positioning boss is to be inserted. The first contact member is placed inside the positioning boss and has one end protruded from the positioning boss. The contact sheet metal is placed so as to face the positioning boss.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a heating belt, a heat source, a pressuring body, a pressing member and a sheet member. The heating belt is endless and heats a medium while being circulated. The heat source supplies heat to the heating belt. The pressuring body forms a nip with the heating belt, rotates so as to circulate the heating belt and presses the medium with the heating belt. The pressing member is disposed inside the heating belt and presses the heating belt against the pressuring body at the nip. The sheet member is held between the heating belt and the pressing member, attached to the pressing member at a center side portion and both end side portions in a longitudinal direction of the sheet member and has a heat shrinkable property. The both end side portions are shiftable in the longitudinal direction greater than the center side portion.