Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a carriage including an ink head that ejects ink onto a printing medium and a power reception unit that wirelessly receives power, a power transmission unit that wirelessly transmits the power to the power reception unit, and a control unit that controls the amount of power transmitted from the power transmission unit to the power reception unit based on an operational state of the printing apparatus.

Abstract: Methods of printing nanoparticulate ink using nanoporous print stamps are disclosed. A nanoporous print stamp can include a substrate, a patterned arrangement of carbon nanotubes disposed on the substrate, and a secondary material disposed on the carbon nanotubes to reduce capillary-induced deformation of the patterned arrangement of carbon nanotubes when printing nanoparticulate ink. Some methods include loading a nanoporous print stamp with nanoparticulate colloidal ink such that the nanoparticulate colloidal ink is drawn into microstructures of the patterned arrangement of carbon nanotubes via capillary wicking. Nanoparticulate colloidal ink can include nanoparticles dispersed in a solution.

Abstract: This invention relates to pressure indicating materials, in particular sheet materials that indicate pressure by a colour transformation. Materials and two-sheet pressure imaging means are described that comprise a first sheet material comprising a microporous membrane within which is associated a solution comprising a colour former and a second sheet comprising a colour developer.

Abstract: Products, such as branding labels, credit cards, and currency, that are fabricated so as to include an optical security element, which is designed to provide enhanced optical focusing onto each color used in the printed image (or in the ink layer). The optical security assembly may include a carrier film or substrate. An image element, e.g., a printed ink layer, is provided on a first surface of the carrier film/substrate, and the optical security assembly further includes an array or plurality of micro lenses on a second surface of the carrier film/substrate opposite the image element (when the substrate/carrier film is transparent). In order to make the registration and print requirements easier, pixels are isolated into sections of the printed ink layer, which can then be arranged to align with sets of lenses (i.e., each set/group of lenses may be dedicated to focusing upon a particular color of ink).

Abstract: A display includes one or more first relief structures. Each of the one or more first relief structures consists of a smooth first reflection surface and a plurality of protrusions or recesses, each top surface of the protrusions or each bottom of the recesses is a smooth second reflection surface parallel to the first reflection surface, each of the one or more first relief structures is configured to display a color as a structural color by emitting a plurality of wavelength components of visible light wavelengths in the same direction, and each of the second reflection surfaces has a height or depth relative to the first reflection surface in a range of 0.1 to 0.5 ?m.

Abstract: A sheet material having a security device applied over a paper machine made or ‘soft-edged’ through-hole and a method for preparing such a sheet material is provided. By way of the inventive method, the through-hole(s) is formed in a forming fibrous web before it becomes sufficiently consolidated and then the security device is applied onto the fibrous web and preferably over the through-hole(s) at or near a couch roll or similar tool of a paper machine when the fibrous web constitutes a sufficiently consolidated, fully formed wet web. Applying the security device and then further consolidating the region underlying the device at this stage of paper manufacture when the fibers would not be displaced, greatly reduces (if not eliminates) the possibility of the through-hole(s) becoming occluded or blocked. Moreover, papers made in accordance with the inventive method, when subjected to the Circulation Simulation Test, showed minimal damage at the paper/security device interface.

Abstract: This invention relates to an accessory for crayon in the form of a cartoon character. The removable accessory for crayon is made of lightweight plastic and attached to bottom of the crayon. The accessory has an ‘ESS’ shape. The crayon topper is available in different colors.

Abstract: An optimized system and method for application of liquid for moistening adhesive on envelope flaps as part of an automated mail production process. Envelopes with open envelope flaps are transported beneath a moistening brush so that an interior side of the flaps, having adhesive thereon, come into contact with a lower end of the moistening brush. A flow of liquid is provided from a liquid supply coupled to the moistening brush to keep the moistening brush wet as moisture is transferred to the envelope flaps. The rate at which liquid is regulated such that moisture is maintained on the brush and a selected quantity of liquid (a dose) is provided for each envelope flap that it moistened. The dose is automatically determined as a function of physical dimensions of the envelope flap, and to optimize sealing of the envelope without excess dripping.

Abstract: An improved moistening brush assembly is provided for moistening opened envelope flaps that are transported below it. Bristles of the brush are enclosed in a housing at an upper end of the brush. The bristles are supported at an inclined angle such that liquid flows from the top to the bottom. The housing further includes an opening that receives a flow of moistening liquid from a liquid supply tube and fitting. At the location where the liquid enters the housing, there is a horizontal channel extending across a majority of a width of the bristles of the moistening brush. As a result of this channel, liquid from the liquid supply opening is distributed evenly across the width of the bristles.

Abstract: Tools for transforming cans into parts for art and toys. You lock a can into a tube having openings that indicate locations to poke, cut, mark or slot the can, and this physically supports the can and guides the user's tools. Another tool with a flat, tearing area makes dual cuts on both of its sides simultaneously as it rips material away in a strip, leaving rolled edges behind along the cut that are safer and desirably rigid. Another tool can variably position the can in the tube. Finally, metal panels produced by the tube and can are passed through the roller tools' curved, internal cavities, thereby producing useful metal “carpet rolls.

Abstract: A system for attaching a plate to a vehicle is provided. The system includes lug nuts and lug bolts for attaching the plate to a threaded wheel stud. The lug nuts each define a threaded stud recess for engagement with a threaded wheel stud and a threaded bolt recess for engagement with a threaded portion of a lug bolt. The lug bolts each define a head for rotating the threaded portion of the lug bolt into the bolt recess of the lug nut, a shaft positioned between the threaded portion and the head, and a rotatable portion. The rotatable portion defines a center aperture freely rotatable about the shaft and a bolt aperture for accepting a fastener. A lock nut is positioned about each of the lug bolts for locking the lug bolt into position relative to the lug nut.

Abstract: The present invention relates to moving apparatus based on bearing points created by ends of lever arms with changeable length. The lever arm comprises two main components: body and end of lever arm. Lever arm body moves spirally or pendulously around the axis which is different from its axis, end of lever arm moves in and out along the lever arm body. The combination of movement of body and end of the lever arm creates bearing points of the apparatus on the terrain, thus creating capability to overcome barricades of the apparatus. Moreover, the combination of these two movements, when following appropriate principles, creates equilibrium for the frame of the apparatus on various terrains.

Abstract: This invention uses three fixed-position omniwheels and their associated motors to drive any possible rotation of a sphere. The mechanism is much simpler than mechanisms using multidirectional wheels (i.e., conventional wheels with a mechanism which changes the orientation of their axes). The invention can be applied for rotating surfaces which are approximately, but not perfectly, spherical.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle wheel. The vehicle wheel disclosed herein includes a disc member to which an axle is connected, and a rim portion connected to the disc member and on which a tire is mounted. The rim portion includes a first tire mounting portion connected to the disc member and including a first bead seat coming into contact with an outer bead of the tire, a second tire mounting portion located including a second bead seat coming into contact with an inner bead of the tire, and a well portion including an outer well portion extending from the first tire mounting portion, and an inner well portion configured to connect the outer well portion to the second tire mounting portion, and wherein a thickness is formed to be thinner in an order of the outer well portion, the second bead seat, and the inner well portion.

Abstract: A beadlock to secure a tire to a wheel. The beadlock comprises a first grip element and a second grip element. The first grip element is welded to the outer rim of a wheel. A bead of the tire is positioned over the first grip element. The second grip element has a plurality of rib elements angularly spaced around its periphery. The second grip element is secured to the first grip element such that the ribs grip the bead to hold it in place and secure the tire to the wheel.

Abstract: An apparatus is for locking a caster wheel in a steering position about a steering axis. The apparatus comprises a base member; a lever arm; and an engagement member. The lever arm is movable with respect to the base member into and between an engaged position in which the engagement member locks the caster wheel in the steering position and a disengaged position in which the caster is steerable out of the steering position.

Abstract: A work vehicle includes a vehicle frame, a rotating connection unit provided in the vehicle frame, and a caster assembly connected to the rotating connection unit. The rotating connection unit includes a housing sleeve, a swivel post, a first bearing and a second bearing supporting the swivel post to be rotatable within the housing sleeve, and a rotation stopper disposed between the swivel post and the housing sleeve to stop rotation of the swivel post. The caster assembly includes a caster wheel, and a caster bracket connected to the swivel post to rotatably support the caster wheel.

Abstract: Disclosed herein a system and device for providing traction for car wheels in situations in which a vehicle may be stuck or immobilized. The device or system, or Flexible Traction Track, is designed to assist a motor vehicle operator to successfully recover from being stranded off paved road surfaces such as sand, dirt, mud, gravel, ice or snow. The basic elements and features of the preferred embodiment include two tracks providing traction, connected by cables to enable proper place around or under the tire. During use, section one (1) is positioned against the front (leading) edge of a (spinning) tire mounted on any of the powered wheel (axel), between the tire and the ground cover or surface. Once section one (1) and three (3) have been bridged by section two (2) around a tire, the operator may then successfully drive over the terrain.

Abstract: A method for producing a tire member that makes it possible to yield a vulcanized rubber high in antiaging property includes: (i) mixing carbon black, a dispersing solvent and a rubber latex solution with each other to produce a rubber latex solution including the carbon black, (ii) solidifying the rubber latex solution including the carbon black to produce a rubber solidified product including the carbon black; (iii) adding, to the rubber solidified product including the carbon black, a compound represented by the following formula (I): and dispersing the compound represented by the formula (I) into the water-containing rubber solidified product including the carbon black while dehydrating the rubber solidified product including the carbon black to produce a wet rubber masterbatch; and (iv) adding, to the resultant wet rubber masterbatch, the compound represented by the formula (I) and an antiaging agent further, and dry-mixing these substances with each other.

Abstract: In a tire 2, a band 16 has a jointless structure. A reinforcing layer 18 is layered over the band 16 from a radially outer side of the band 16. In the reinforcing layer 18, a reinforcing cord 40 is extended alternately on and between one end 32 portion of the band 16 and the other end 32 portion of the band 16, so as to extend in the circumferential direction. A direction in which the reinforcing cord 40 extends is tilted relative to the circumferential direction between one of ends 32 of the band 16 and the other of the ends 32 of the band 16. An absolute value of an angle of the reinforcing cord 40 relative to the circumferential direction is greater than or equal to 70°.

Abstract: The disclosed technology relates tires and particularly to a pneumatic tire with improved wear resistance. The pneumatic tire includes a tread, sidewalls and a bead portion. The tread includes a top surface on which a plurality of blocks and grooves are formed. The pneumatic tire additionally includes a plurality of ground contact pressure-reducing blocks that are mounted in the grooves that adjoin the blocks along a direction of travel and adjacent to forward directional trailing portions of the blocks.

Abstract: Tire comprising a tread (3), with a tread surface contacting the road surface, a shoulder region (5) partially delimiting the tread (3), and a plurality of complex cutouts (6) extending through the tread (3) and through the shoulder region (5). Each complex cutout (6) comprises a sipe (7) that leads onto the tread surface and a channel (8) that extends the sipe (7) into the depth of the tread and leads onto a surface (9) of the shoulder region (5). Channel (8) of sipe (7) has a main part (11) extending through tread (3) and a widened part (12) extending through shoulder region (5) from the main part of the channel to surface (9) of shoulder region (5). As seen in cross section, the widened part (12) makes, with the surface (9) of the shoulder region (5), an outlet angle ? of less than 90 degrees.

Abstract: A tire pressure management system includes a wheel valve in fluid communication with a wheel assembly. A supply valve assembly is selectively in fluid communication with the wheel valve via a fluid control circuit. The supply valve assembly permits fluid communication between a source of pressurized air and the fluid control circuit. A control valve assembly is selectively in fluid communication with the wheel valve via the fluid control circuit. The control valve assembly permits fluid communication between the source of pressurized air and the fluid control circuit or between the fluid control circuit and atmosphere.

Abstract: A pumping assembly for maintaining a pneumatic tires inflation pressure is described. The pumping assembly includes at least one double chamber pump connected to a cam. The cam is connected to a gravity mass to maintain the cam in a stationary position. The pump has a roller for engaging the cam and producing the pumping action as the tire rim rotates. The assembly is preferably mounted in a reservoir wherein the reservoir is in fluid communication with one or more tire cavities. The system requires no alteration to the tire and pumps the air directly into the valve stem. The pumps are configured to provide an amplication effect because of the way they are configured, and thus do not need high compression ratios.

Abstract: A connection assembly for an air maintenance tire system is provided. The air maintenance tire system includes an annular air tube, a valve housing and at least one connecting tube that is in fluid communication with the annular air tube and the valve housing. The connection assembly includes a connection housing that in turn includes a first port, a second port and a fluid passageway extending between the first port and the second port. A first compression fitting fluidly connects the annular air tube to the connection housing first port and a second compression fitting fluidly connects the connecting tube to the connection housing second port. The connection assembly enables a secure connection and fluid communication between the annular air tube and the connecting tube.

Abstract: A tyre changing machine (1), configured to remove a tyre from a respective rim of a vehicle wheel (2), comprises an operating arm (4) which includes: a supporting structure (401); a head (5) movable along a longitudinal axis (402) relative to the supporting structure (401); a removal tool (403) pivoted to the head (5) to rotate relative thereto about an axis of oscillation (405?) transverse to the longitudinal axis (402); a driving member (6) movable along an operating axis (402?) parallel to the longitudinal axis (402) relative to the supporting structure (401) and to the head (5), and articulated to the removal tool (403) at an operating point (P) which is spaced from the axis of oscillation (405?); an actuator (407) comprising a stationary member (407a), connected to the supporting structure (401), and a movable member (407b), adapted to drive the removal tool (403) in rotation and in translation; a coupling member (7) coupled to the supporting structure (401), to the head (5) and to the driving member (6)

Abstract: A machine (1) configured to remove and mount a tyre from and on a respective rim of a vehicle wheel (2), comprises: an operating arm (4) directed along a longitudinal orientation; a head (5) supported by the operating arm (4); a first tool and a second tool. The first tool is connected to the head (5) and projects in a first direction; the second tool is connected to the head (5) and, in a first operating configuration of the head (5), is disposed in a first position where it projects in a second direction, opposite to the first direction. The second tool is pivoted to the head (5) to rotate about an axis of tilt (406?) transverse to the longitudinal orientation (402) to move from the first position to a second position, corresponding to a second operating configuration of the head (5) and tilted upside down relative to the first position, to project in the first direction.

Abstract: A pintle hitch connector, which includes a cylindrical trailer contact portion, a threaded portion extending from the cylindrical base with cylindrical walls. A threaded portion is provided distal to the trailer contact portion, where the threaded portion includes a hole to accommodate a locking mechanism or retainer pin. The end of the trailer contact cylinder distal to the threaded portion has a load securing pin extrusion bisecting its circumference. The load securing pin has a hole in the insertion end of the shaft to accommodate a locking mechanism or some retaining pin, and inserts into the hole running the length of the load securing pin extrusion.

Abstract: A drawbar assembly for coupling a drawbar to a tongue of a towed implement includes a drawbar pin and a drawbar clevis having a bore configured to receive the drawbar pin. A locking plate is coupled to the drawbar clevis and movable between a pin-lock condition in which the locking plate is configured to obstruct at least a portion of the bore, and a pin-unlock condition. An ejector mechanism is configured to dislodge the drawbar pin from the bore. The ejector mechanism includes a handle utilized to operate the ejector mechanism and an ejector arm pivotably disposed in an ejector recess in the clevis. The ejector arm is movable from a home position in which the ejector arm does not interfere with the drawbar pin to an eject position in which the ejector arm forces the drawbar pin to be at least partially dislodged out of the bore.

Abstract: At a given insertion depth (D) of a drawbar (22, 60) in a trailer hitch receiver tube (24, 68), a pin arm (26, 56, 74) attached to the drawbar extends forward beside the receiver tube and holds a captive pin (21, 51, 76) beside a pin receiving hole (30, 71) in the receiver tube. A spring (36) urges the captive pin into the pin receiving hole to retain the drawbar in the receiver tube. The pin arm may be attached to the drawbar via a crossbar (40, 70, 73). Receiver tubes of different sizes (24, 68) may be accommodated by a drawbar size adapter (62) that slips over the drawbar, enlarging it, and by a vertical adjustment mechanism (83) for the pin arm (74) that aligns the pin with the pin receiving hole in either a smaller (24) receiver tube or a larger (68) receiver tube.

Abstract: A tow kit is disclosed having a thimble slider engaged with a plurality of tethers. The thimble slider may have a generally C-shaped body with a back portion and opposing end portions. The thimble slider may also have a channel formed within outer surfaces of the back and opposing end portions, and an elongated separator connected to an inner surface of the back portion and extending in a direction generally orthogonal to the back portion to define two portions. A tether can engage the channel to equally distribute weight applied to the two ends of the tether. A sling can engage the inner surface of the back portion. At least one other tether can engage the sling.

Abstract: An automobile undercarriage component has at least three elongated arms, each including a web and a rib having an inner wall surface. One of the three elongated arms is a first arm having a first one of the ribs and at least one of the three elongated arms is a second arm having a second one of the ribs. For each of the second ones of the ribs, the leading end of the respective second one of the ribs has a width in the direction parallel to the plane of the web and transverse to the direction of elongation of the arm which is narrower than the width of a leading end of the first one of the ribs, as an inner wall surface is disposed closer to an opposing outer wall surface in the respective second one of the ribs as compared to the first one of the ribs.

Abstract: A spring guide includes: a mounting portion formed so as to be depressed, the rubber sheet being fitted to the mounting portion; and a plurality of lock pieces formed to stand at an outer periphery of the mounting portion. At least one of the plurality of the first lock pieces and the second lock piece is disposed at a position that restricts deformation of a circumferential end portion of the rubber sheet to an outside in a radial direction, in a state where the rubber sheet is fitted to the mounting portion.

Abstract: A rubber sheet includes: a main body fitted to a mounting portion formed so as to be depressed at the spring guide, the main body supporting a coil spring; and lips formed to project from respective side surfaces of an inner periphery and an outer periphery of the main body in a radial direction, the lips being configured to abut on the spring guide to prevent a foreign matter from invading between the main body and the mounting portion.

Abstract: A shock absorber provided with a suspension spring, the shock absorber includes a tube whose lower end portion is joined to a vehicle axle side portion provided with a tire, and a lower spring bearing that is provided on an outer circumference of the tube and supports a lower end of the suspension spring. An increased diameter part is provided on the outer circumference of the tube above the lower spring bearing, the increased diameter part having an outer diameter larger than an outer diameter of the tube.

Abstract: An air spring assembly for a vehicle having a reservoir which is adaptable to meet different packaging requirements. The air spring assembly includes a damper body, at least one piston connected to the damper body, and a bellow connected to the piston, the bellow having a cavity. A top cap is connected to the bellow, and a fitting is connected to the top cap. A reservoir is connected to the fitting such that the reservoir is in fluid communication with the cavity. Air flows between the bellow and the reservoir as a result of movement of the piston and damper body during travel of the vehicle. The reservoir may be tube-shaped, having a consistent diameter, or a varying diameter. The reservoir may also be spherical-shaped, rectangular-shaped, square-shaped, or may be shaped to fit specific packaging requirements such that the reservoir may be positioned in any area of the vehicle.

Abstract: An electric damper for a vehicle may include: a housing body fixed to a vehicle body; a gear bar including a first end coupled to a knuckle of a wheel, and a second end extending into the housing body, with a rack gear provided on the gear bar; a first intersection gear unit installed in a direction intersecting a movement direction of the gear and configured to engage with the rack gear and rotate; a first power transmitting gear unit configured to engage with the first intersection gear unit and rotate, and including a rotating shaft installed parallel to the gear bar; a rotator configured to engage with the first power transmitting gear unit, and provided in a shape enclosing an outer surface of the gear bar; and a stator installed in the housing body at a position facing the rotator and having a magnetic force.

Abstract: A damping system of a two-track vehicle includes a passive stabilizer having a torsion bar which runs in a vehicle transverse direction and having lever elements which adjoin the torsion bar at the end sides and which are connected to mutually oppositely situated wheel suspension arrangements of an axle of the vehicle. Two actuators are assigned to respective wheels of the wheel suspension arrangements and are mounted on the vehicle body. Each actuator has a drive by way of which a torque can be exerted on that section of the stabilizer which faces toward the respective wheel. Here, the actuators are in the form of electric motors and are designed to dampen vertical vibrations of the respective wheel or of the so-called unsprung mass, and/or vibrations of the vehicle body in a frequency range between 0 Hertz and at least 20 Hertz, through suitable regulation of the drive of the actuators and thus also through active introduction of forces into the system.

Abstract: A method for improving the safety and comfort of a vehicle driving over a railroad track, cattle guard, or the like. The method may include receiving, by a computer system, one or more inputs corresponding to one or more forward looking sensors. The computer system may also receive data characterizing a motion of the vehicle. The computer system may estimate, based on the one or more inputs and the data, a motion of a vehicle with respect to a railroad track, cattle guard, or the like extending across a road ahead of the vehicle. Accordingly, the computer system may change a suspension setting, steering setting, or the like of the vehicle to more safely or comfortably drive over the railroad track, cattle guard, or the like.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are described where one or more pre-stressed spring elements are disposed between two structures to mitigate or cancel the effect of static loads applied to an component connecting the structures. The apparatus and methods may be used, for example, to reduce the adverse impact of static loads on the performance of top-mounts in a suspension system of a vehicle.

Abstract: A heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) module for a vehicle is provided. In the HVAC module, a rear seat control module guiding a wind direction to a rear seat may be selectively assembled to a front seat control module including an evaporator and a heater such that only the front seat control module may be installed or an assembly of the front seat control module and the rear seat control module may be installed depending on each vehicle specification.

Abstract: The air conditioner for a vehicle has a centrifugal fan and a housing. The centrifugal fan has a fan suction port and a rotary shaft and rotates centering on a rotational axis of the rotary shaft. The housing has a fan housing chamber, an introduction passage, and a wall. The fan housing chamber houses the centrifugal fan. The introduction passage guides air, which flows from an outside of the housing into the housing, to flow toward the centrifugal fan in a first direction intersecting with the rotational axis. The wall partitions the fan housing chamber and the introduction passage from each other and has an opening that faces the fan suction port. The wall has a rim defining the opening and being provided with an annular protruding portion. The annular protruding portion protrudes from the wall toward the introduction passage and covers the opening.

Abstract: A vehicle air-conditioning apparatus includes a casing that defines an air passage through which an air flows, and a blower that has a blower fan generating an airflow in the air passage. The vehicle air-conditioning apparatus includes an air-conditioning device that is provided in the air passage, and an air introduction member that introduces an air from a vehicle compartment. The vehicle air-conditioning apparatus further includes an aspirator that is located outside the casing and takes in the air flowing through the air passage as a first air, the aspirator drawing the air from the vehicle compartment as a second air through the air introduction member by using a flow of the first air. A cooling target mounted in the vehicle is cooled by a flow of the air drawn from the vehicle compartment by the aspirator through the air introduction member.

Abstract: An air conditioning device is provided. The air conditioning device comprises a fan and is provided on an underside of a seating surface of a vehicle seat. The fan comprises a case module and a restrictor. The case module comprises a first case and a second case. The first case is located at a side of the fan where the seating surface is located. The second case is located at a side of the fan opposite to the seating surface and is assembled to the first case. The restrictor is configured to restrict assembling of the first case and the second case to each other when an orientation of the second case with respect to the first case is different from a specified orientation.

Abstract: A climate control system for a vehicle comprises a housing and a diverter. The housing has a first conduit formed therein. The first conduit includes a first subconduit formed in an intermediate portion of the first conduit and a second subconduit disposed adjacent an end of the first subconduit. The diverter is rotatably disposed within the first conduit, and includes a first member having an outer edge and an offset edge. The outer edge is disposed on a first planar portion of the first member and configured to sealingly contact a wall of the first subconduit when the diverter is in a first position. The offset edge is disposed on a second planar portion of the first member and configured to sealingly contact a portion of the second subconduit when the diverter is in the first position.

Abstract: A heat pump device includes an air conditioning control device configured to switch the heat pump device among a plurality of operation modes including an air-heating operation mode in which an indoor heat exchanger serves as a radiator and an outdoor heat exchanger serves as a heat absorber, and an air-cooling operation mode in which the indoor heat exchanger serves as a heat absorber and the outdoor heat exchanger serves as a radiator. The air conditioning control device switch a refrigerant pipe such that refrigerant is, in the air-cooling operation mode, supplied to part of the outdoor heat exchanger serving as a refrigerant inlet in the air-heating operation mode.

Abstract: A heater device includes a heat generating body and a surface layer portion. The heat generating body includes a heating surface and radiates heat from the heating surface. The surface layer portion is stacked over the heating surface and is heated by the heat generating body. Furthermore, the surface layer portion changes color according to a temperature of the surface layer portion.

Abstract: In a first aspect, a vehicle HVAC system includes: a housing that defines at least first and second air conduits to a vehicle interior compartment; and at least first and second heat rods that each traverses the first and second air conduits, wherein a first positive temperature coefficient along a length of the first heat rod is greater at the first air conduit than at the second air conduit, and wherein a second positive temperature coefficient along a length of the second heat rod is greater at the second air conduit than at the first air conduit.

Abstract: An air handling system for a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system of a motor vehicle includes a conduit configured to convey air from the air handling system to a vent of the air handling system. A control door is rotatably disposed in the conduit. The control door selectively rotates between a first position and a second position. The first position blocks passage of the air flowing through the conduit. The second position blocks passage of the air flowing through a first portion of the conduit and allows the air to flow through a second portion of the conduit. A control feature is disposed in the second portion of the conduit to control at least one of a volumetric flow rate and a pressure of the air flowing through the second portion.

Abstract: Present embodiments provide a roof fan assembly with numerous improvements. The roof fan assembly includes a cover which allows for a fan shroud to be opened. The structure includes a base clamp which connects to the roof of an RV. The base clamp includes a fan and motor which push or pull air out from the RV or into the RV. The base clamp includes a worm gear assembly which includes a worm gear structure to open and close the shroud. The arm may include a sleeve which moves relative to the arm and connects to the shroud at the opposite end. The base clamp includes mounts for connecting the base clamp to the roof as well as allowing for connection of the cover to the fan assembly as a whole. Still further, the structure provides integrated hinges in the base clamp to allow connection of the shroud to the base clamp for pivotal movement.