Abstract: The invention relates to a method for coating a surface (44), in particular a microstructured surface, of a component (55) comprising different materials, in particular glass and silicon, wherein the surface (44) is first activated and then coated, wherein an oxidising solution, a basic solution or an acid-oxidising solution is used to activate the surface (44).

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of a substrate provided with a chromium VI-free and a cobalt-free passivation by the application of a first acidic passivation and a second alkaline passivation, containing a silane-modified and/or a siloxane modified silicate, with which an improved protection against corrosion is achieved, an aqueous, acidic composition for passivating and a passivated substrate, and a device for applying the passivation.

Abstract: Compounds and compositions are used as corrosion inhibitors for pipelines for crude oil containing water with high salt concentrations. The inhibitors are ionic liquids, imidazoles, benzotriazoles, and mixtures thereof. The composition includes two or more members of the inhibitors with a solvent. The inhibitors reduce corrosion of metallic surfaces of the pipelines containing crude oil having 0.2 and 40 wt % water, 10,000 to 70,000 ppm salt, and 9 to 600 ppm hydrogen sulfide. A synergic effect is provided by two or more different inhibitors. This synergy is derived from interactions with the metallic surface, among themselves or with the corrosive medium depending on the chain length, to inhibit the corrosion with decrease of the formulation dose. The composition can be a ternary formulation of the three families or two components of one family and a third component of a different family.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method comprises adding a methanol feed stream from a source methanol reservoir to a loop; wherein the loop comprises an electrolyzer, a base methanol reservoir, an electrolyzer inlet stream that directs a methanol mixture from the base methanol reservoir to the electrolyzer, and a methanol carbon dioxide stream that directs an unreacted methanol from the electrolyzer to the base methanol reservoir; and maintaining a methanol concentration in the base methanol reservoir through the opening and closing of a purge valve that allows a purge stream to flow from the base methanol reservoir to the source methanol reservoir and through the opening and closing of a feed valve that allows the methanol feed stream to flow from the source methanol reservoir into the loop. A product hydrogen stream can be recovered for use in an engine.

Abstract: An electrolysis cell includes an anode that has a low-density region formed from activated carbon and a high-density region formed from a plurality of graphite cylinders. There is a porous barrier that allows transport of water between the anode and a corrosion resistant cathode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrogen generating unit for producing hydrogen water, and more particularly, to a hydrogen generating unit which has a structure that is relatively small in volume and simple so as to be easily applied to a small capacity hydrogen water producing apparatus for home or business use, and particularly, in which when an upper electrode and a lower electrode are fastened, an upper cover and a lower cover, which have been used for the hydrogen generating unit in the related art devised by the applicant of the present invention, are not used, but instead, the upper electrode and the lower electrode may be positioned between a cap at the upper side and a housing at the lower side, and the upper electrode and the lower electrode may be assembled together when the cap and the housing are coupled to each other, thereby reducing the number of components used for the hydrogen generating unit, simplifying manufacturing processes, and achieving excellent assembly properties.

Abstract: Provided is a hydrogen refining pressure-boosting device which is durable even in a high-pressure environment. This hydrogen refining pressure-boosting device produces, from a hydrogen-containing gas, a refined hydrogen gas having higher pressure and higher purity than the hydrogen-containing gas. The hydrogen refining pressure-boosting device is equipped with multiple stacked cell structures, and a pressing structure that applies tightening stress in the direction in which the cell structures are stacked. In this hydrogen refining pressure-boosting device the flow path surface of a cathode-side separator is sized so as to be contained on the inside of the flow path surface of an anode-side separator, in the direction of a plane parallel to a solid polymer electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate with a corrosion resistant coating comprising at least one nickel layer and at least one chromium layer as finish. Between these layers, at least one tin-nickel alloy layer is deposited for suppression of corrosion reactions determined by CASS and Russian mud tests. The invention relates also to a method for producing such substrates with corrosion resistant coating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrolyte composition for depositing copper on metal substrates. The composition contains a combination of two aromatic amines and an electrochemically inert cation. This electrolyte makes it possible to increase the copper nucleation density. It also allows bottom-up filling in trenches that have a very small opening dimension, typically lower than 40 nm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a two-stage method for the anti-corrosive pretreatment of tinplate, in which an anti-corrosive primer coating is applied in a first step, in which the tinplate is anodically polarized in an electrolyte containing at least one inert water-soluble salt and is then in a second step, brought in contact with an acidic aqueous composition containing water-soluble inorganic compounds of the elements Zr, Ti, Hf, and/or Si.

Abstract: Methods for producing a superhydrophobic anodized surface including anodizing a surface of a substrate in an anodization acid to form a plurality of pores, etching the surface with an etchant to widen an edge of each of the plurality of pores; repeatedly anodizing the surface in the anodization acid and etching the surface with the etchant until the edges of the plurality of pores overlap to form a plurality of nano-sharp ridges, and coating the surface with a hydrophobic polymer to render the surface superhydrophobic, such that the surface exhibits a contact angle of at least 150 degrees with a drop of water. Articles including a surface having a series of nano-sharp pore ridges defined by a series of pores and a sub-?m thick layer of a hydrophobic polymer on said surface.

Abstract: Various embodiments herein relate to methods and apparatus for electroplating metal onto substrates. In various cases, a reference electrode may be modified to promote improved electroplating results. The modifications may relate to one or more of the reference electrode's shape, position, relative conductivity compared to the electrolyte, or other design feature. In some particular examples the reference electrode may be dynamically changeable, for example having a changeable shape and/or position. In a particular example the reference electrode may be made of multiple segments. The techniques described herein may be combined as desired for individual applications.

Abstract: An electro-chemical plating process begins with supplying a supercritical fluid into an electroplating solution to be deposited, and a bias is applied between a substrate and an electrode, which is located in the electroplating solution. The substrate is placed into the electroplating solution to deposit a material on the substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically generating a metal-containing electrolyte (e.g., an electrolyte containing Sn2+ ions and an acid) includes an anolyte chamber configured to house an active anode (e.g., a metallic tin anode), an anolyte, and a sensor (e.g., one or more sensors) measuring a concentration of metal ions in the anolyte; a catholyte chamber configured to house a hydrogen-generating cathode and a catholyte; and a controller having program instructions for processing data from the sensor and for automatically generating an electrolyte having metal ions in a target concentration range in the anolyte chamber. In some embodiments, the apparatus is in communication with an electroplating apparatus and is capable to deliver the generated electrolyte to the electroplating apparatus on demand. In some embodiments, a densitometer and a conductivity meter are together used as sensors, and the apparatus is configured to generate low alpha tin electrolyte containing an acid.

Abstract: An epitaxy method includes providing an exposed crystalline region of a substrate material. Silicon is epitaxially deposited on the substrate material in a low temperature process wherein a deposition temperature is less than 500 degrees Celsius. A source gas is diluted with a dilution gas with a gas ratio of dilution gas to source gas of less than 1000.

Abstract: To provide a method for producing a Group III element nitride crystal by growing it on a plane on the ?c-plane side as a crystal growth plane. The present invention is a method for producing a Group III element nitride crystal, including a vapor phase growth step of growing a Group III element nitride crystal 12 on a crystal growth plane of a Group III element nitride seed crystal 11 by vapor deposition. The vapor phase growth step is a step of causing a Group III metal, an oxidant, and a nitrogen-containing gas to react with one another to grow the Group III element nitride crystal 12 or includes: a reduced product gas generation step of causing a Group III element oxide and a reducing gas to react with each other to generate a gas of a reduced product of the Group III element oxide; and a crystal generation step of causing the gas of the reduced product and a nitrogen-containing gas to react with each other to generate the Group III element nitride crystal 12.

Abstract: A consumable filament for use in an extrusion-based additive manufacturing system, where the consumable filament comprises a core portion of a matrix of a first base polymer and particles dispersed within the matrix, and a shell portion comprising a same or a different base polymer. The consumable filament is configured to be melted and extruded to form roads of a plurality of solidified layers of a three-dimensional part, and where the roads at least partially retain cross-sectional profiles corresponding to the core portion and the shell portion of the consumable filament and retain the particles within the roads of the printed part and do not penetrate the outer surface of the shell portion.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing silica nanofibers using sound waves is provided. The method includes providing a solution of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, adding sodium citrate and ammonium hydroxide to form a first mixture, adding a silica-based compound to the solution to form a second mixture, and sonicating the second mixture to synthesize a plurality of silica nanofibers having an average cross-sectional diameter of less than 70 nm and having a length on the order of at least several hundred microns. The method can be performed without heating or electrospinning, and instead includes less energy intensive strategies that can be scaled up to an industrial scale. The resulting nanofibers can achieve a decreased mean diameter over conventional fibers. The decreased diameter generally increases the tensile strength of the silica nanofibers, as defects and contaminations decrease with the decreasing diameter.

Abstract: A method for operating a spindle (2) of a two-for-one twisting or cabling machine, in which an outer yarn (5) is drawn off a first feed package (7) and the spindle (2) rotates in a yarn balloon (B), wherein the spindle (2) comprises a device (6) for influencing the balloon yarn tension of an outer yarn (5), which is connected to a control circuit (18), and has a spindle pot (19) for receiving a second feed package (15), a yarn deflection device (20), a balancing system (9) for forming a twisting or cabling point as well as a spooling and winding device (12). The drive of the yarn balloon (B) is performed via a fixed throw-off point (21) on the yarn deflection device (20).

Abstract: In a harness for conduction, a knitted fabric that despite having high stretchability and flexibility as well as restorability at the time of repeated elongation, has the characteristics that a change in electrical resistance is zero or suppressed between elongation and non-elongation has never been available.

Abstract: A knit sock includes a foot portion having an upper instep area and a lower sole area integrally knit of a body yarn in circumferential courses and axial wales. The lower sole area defines inner and outer arch regions. The inner arch region incorporates a targeted compression zone adapted to reside generally adjacent an inner arch of a wearer's foot. The compression zone includes axially extending compression ridges of variable length spaced apart from a top of the compression zone to a bottom of the compression zone. When the sock is worn, a compression force applied by the foot portion within the targeted compression zone is greater than the compression force in directly adjacent areas of said foot portion.

Abstract: A circular knitting machine includes sinkers and selector jacks corresponding thereto that are provided as separate components. The selector jacks are arranged radially outside the sinkers, and are provided with selector butts such that the selector butts of circumferentially adjacent selector jacks are arranged at different radial positions. An actuator that acts on the selector butts is arranged radially outside the cylinder. The circular knitting machine prevents a failure of sinker selection, while increasing a rotation speed of a cylinder holding knitting needles.

Abstract: A method for closing automatically an axial end of a tubular manufacture and for unloading it in inside-out configuration comprising a step of positioning the manufacture, in a right-way-out configuration, at a sewing or linking station, arranged so that its axis is substantially vertical and so that it hangs, by means of a first axial end to be closed by sewing or linking, from an annular handling device. Then a step is performed for inserting the manufacture, retained by the handling device, into an upper reversing tube that is or can be positioned, with its lower axial end, above the handling device. A step of closing the first axial end of the manufacture by sewing or linking is then performed. Then a step of disengaging the manufacture from the handling device and a step of removing the manufacture through the upper axial end of the upper reversing tube are performed.

Abstract: A nonwoven substrate comprising a polyolefin and an engineering thermoplastic polymer. The engineering thermoplastic polymer may be present in the nonwoven substrate at a level of between about 1% and about 20% by weight of the nonwoven substrate. The layer of fibers is free of a compatibilizer.

Abstract: A non-weft, unidirectional fabric is provided that includes a plurality of substantially parallel reinforcement fiber bundles. The reinforcement fiber bundles have a first surface and an opposing second surface. The non-weft, unidirectional fabric further includes at least one of a non-woven veil bonded to at least one surface and one or more bands of sprayed adhesive spanning across at least a portion of the width of one of the first and second surfaces of the plurality of substantially parallel reinforcement fibers.

Abstract: A dyeing and welding process may be configured to convert a substrate into a welded substrate having at least some color imparted thereto via a dye and/or coloring agent by applying a process solvent having a dye and/or coloring agent therein to the substrate, wherein the process solvent interrupts one or more intermolecular force between one or more component in the substrate. The substrate may be configured as a natural fiber, such as cellulose, hemicelluloses, and silk. The process solvent may include a binder, such as dissolved biopolymer (e.g., cellulose). After application of a process solvent comprised of a dye and/or coloring agent, the substrate may be exposed to a second application of a process solvent comprised of a binder, which second application may occur before or after a process temperature/pressure zone, process solvent recovery zone, and/or drying zone.

Abstract: A tufting machine has a needle bar for carrying a plurality of needles for reciprocating into and out of a base material. A sliding needle bar shift mechanism may shift the needle bar laterally according to a pattern. The needle bar is mounted for reciprocation and for lateral movement relative to the direction of reciprocation by a drive system including a first directional drive component having a foot secured to a respective push rod of the tufting machine and a second directional drive component connected to the shift mechanism. The first and second drive components will connect to the needle bar through linear bearings or bushings so that the motion of the needle bar in multiple different directions is controlled while permitting greater machine operating and needle bar shifting speeds.

Abstract: An energy-saving dyeing machine includes a body, a liquid dyes supply device, a liquid dyes heating device having a direct-heating heat exchanger, and a cooling unit connecting to the direct-heating heat exchanger by a series connection. When heating up the liquid dyes, the liquid dyes enters the direct-heating heat exchanger from the liquid dyes supply device via a supply tube, saving several heating procedures and unnecessary energy wastes. Additionally, an outer wall is surrounding the body to form a surrounding space for the heated exhaust gas from the direct-heating heat exchanger to enter and reheat the liquid dyes in the body again, making a better use of the heat energy.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a washing machine and a control method thereof. The control method effectively transmits high-concentration wash liquid to laundry, while minimizing the amount of water used, through washing using bubbles, and maximizes the increase in volume of the wash liquid rubbed on the inner circumferential surface of the drum using the generation of bubbles and the rotation of the drum to raise the water level of the wash liquid without additional water.

Abstract: A reduced dye transfer cycle of operation for a laundry treating appliance having a treating for receiving laundry for treatment includes a treating chemistry application phase where a treating chemistry is supplied to the treating chamber, the treating chemistry including at least one water soluble cationic dye absorber, a surfactant system, and an emulsifier.

Abstract: A laundry processing machine including a casing, an outer tub supported in the casing, an inner tub rotatably provided in the outer tub, and a shock absorber. The shock absorber is coupled, at one end thereof, to the casing and coupled, at the other end thereof, to the outer tub to absorb vibration of the outer tub caused by rotation of the inner tub. The shock absorber actively provides a damping force in response to the vibration of the outer tub.

Abstract: A laundry treating appliance for treating laundry according to an automatic cycle of operation includes a chassis defining an interior, a tub provided within the interior, a drum provided within the tub, a motor mounted to the tub and having a drive shaft drivingly coupled to the drum to selectively rotate the drum about the longitudinal axis, a suspension system, and at least one counterweight, wherein the suspension system and the at least one counterweight are configured such that the capacity efficiency of the laundry treating appliance is greater than 45%.

Abstract: Disclosed is a laundry treatment apparatus. The laundry treatment apparatus includes a drum rotatably placed in a cabinet defining an external appearance of the laundry treatment apparatus, a housing secured to the drum, a receiving space defined in the housing, a balancing unit movably received in the receiving space, a housing power line installed in the receiving space to extend in a movement path of the balancing unit, the housing power line coming into contact with the balancing unit, and a power supply unit to supply power to the balancing unit through the housing power line.

Abstract: A partitioning apparatus for a washer/dryer combination includes a plurality of arch sections, a plurality of longitudinal couplers, a plurality of flanges attached to or formed on each of the plurality of longitudinal couplers, and a locking means for affixing the plurality of longitudinal couplers to a drum of the washer/dryer combination. The plurality of arch sections form a cylindrical body and the partitioning apparatus divides the drum of the washer/dryer combination into a cylindrical space and a plurality of arch spaces.

Abstract: The invention relates to a household appliance (1) for the care of laundry items, with a dispensing tray (8a) and a suds container (2), which is connected to the dispensing tray (8a) via at least one supply duct (4a, 4b), wherein a vapour barrier device (17a, 17b) is formed in a curved line section (18a, 18b) in the supply duct (4a, 4b), wherein a ventilating channel (22) is formed in the line section (18a, 18b) and opens into a first end (19) of the line section (18a, 18b) and is separated at the first end (19) from a supply channel (21), associated with the vapour barrier device (17a, 17b), for supplying liquid medium from the dispensing tray (8a) to the suds container (2).

Abstract: A washing machine appliance includes a reservoir having a height along a vertical direction. The height of the reservoir is no greater than six inches. A supply conduit extends between the reservoir and a Venturi pump. The Venturi pump is coupled to the supply conduit such that the Venturi pump draws fluid additive from the reservoir when a water valve is open and water flows through the Venturi pump.

Abstract: A clothes hamper includes a hamper body extending from a generally closed end to a generally open end with an interior chamber defined within the hamper body. A rack assembly defines one or more hanging elements and is sized and configured to fit within the interior chamber. An extension assembly is positioned within the interior chamber and is configured to facilitate movement of the rack assembly between a retracted position within the interior chamber and an extended position wherein at least a portion of the rack assembly is outside of the hamper body.

Abstract: This invention relates to a control element, for example a control element for a temperature controller and/or steam controller. The control element has a dial (11) with an opening (18) and a graphic plate (12) is located behind the dial (11). The graphic plate has a marking (19) which is at least partially aligned with the opening so that it is visible therethrough when the dial (11) is rotated relative to the graphic plate (12) within a first angular range.

Abstract: Holder for laundry, in particular a laundry bag, manufactured from a woven textile, wherein the textile has a coarseness allowing said textile to breathe and wherein said textiles comprises first threads provided with an antibacterial agent, wherein the textile preferably comprises threads containing silver coated fibers.

Abstract: A cable-driving arrangement of a vehicle includes a cable main body. The cable main body is composed of a plurality of unit filaments, and distal ends of the unit filaments are melted to be integral to form a melted end. The cable main body is for being relatively positionably disposed on a vehicle with a portion near the melted end.

Abstract: It is described herein a continuous process for soaking a ligno-cellulosic biomass stream in an extraction solution comprising water and dissolved water soluble species derived from a previously treated ligno-cellulosic biomass. In the process, water insoluble contaminants are separated according to their apparent mass densities. The ligno-cellulosic biomass stream may be further subjected to a second optional soaking step in a counter flow configuration. The process is useful to remove non-ligno-cellulosic water soluble compounds from the ligno-cellulosic biomass with a low consumption of water.

Abstract: The method and apparatus are for obtaining strong white liquor and lime mud with low residual alkali content from causticized liquor. The first filter (FWL) receives causticized liquor from causticizing vessels (CT1-CT2-CT3) and is designed as pressurized two stage disc filter with 2 separate vat parts. In the first vat part non-diluted white liquor is obtained as a filtrate from the causticized liquor. The first lime mud cake accumulated on the filter discs in the first vat part is scraped off and diluted before being fed to the second vat part. In the second vat part weak liquor is obtained as a filtrate from the re-slurried first lime mud cake. The second lime mud cake accumulated on the filter discs in the second vat part is washed before being scraped off and diluted before being fed to subsequent lime mud handling.

Abstract: A process for recausticizing green liquor in a sulphate or Kraft process for wood pulp production, in which a green liquor consisting of an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate as the major component and sodium sulphide is admixed with calcium oxide in a slaker and undergoes a reaction in a recausticizer to form an aqueous suspension containing sodium hydroxide and calcium carbonate as the major components, which suspension is filtered on a first filter and subsequently, after dilution with water in a dilution vessel, is fed over further filters two or three times and filtered to separate solids suspended therein, characterized in that after a first separation of calcium carbonate as the major component and calcium oxide as the minor component, carbon dioxide is added to the aqueous suspension at least during dilution in a dilution vessel and in particular in the dilution vessel (s) upstream of a second and/or a third filter.

Abstract: A method used in connection with the recovery of pulping chemicals from spent pulping liquor produced by kraft-type pulping at very high sulphidity. In the method, spent pulping liquor is acidified to a relatively low pH which converts a most or all of the sulphide and hydrosulphide in the liquor to hydrogen sulfide. Sulphur containing gases released from the acidification of the spent pulping liquor, together with other sulphur gases collected at the pulp mill, are converted into an acid compound. This acid compound is employed as an acidification agent in the acidification of the spent pulping liquor. The amount of acid compound generated by the conversion of sulphur containing gases may be sufficient to provide most, if not all, of the acid needed for the acidification of the spent pulping liquor.

Abstract: There is provided a papermaking felt comprising a base fabric layer and at least one batt layer integrated with the base fabric layer, wherein the base fabric comprises at least one layer formed by spirally winding a band-shaped body having a width smaller than a width of the papermaking felt and having a plurality of ground warp yarns, a plurality of ground weft yarns, a first side edge, and a second side edge in such a manner that the first side edge and the second side edge are adjacent and thereby joining the side edges together; and a plurality of marks is arranged at regular intervals in a warp direction of the band-shaped body.

Abstract: A method for producing a meta-aramid fiber paper-based material includes steps of: adding functional powders into a first poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) solution, and obtaining a homogeneous mixed solution; through a dry spinning method, obtaining meta-aramid chopped fibers; through a second poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) solution, obtaining meta-aramid fibrids; processing the fibrids with a multi-stage classification, selecting the fibrids having an appropriate mesh number and combining in proportion; mixing the chopped fibers and the fibrids, and relieving until uniform; forming a paper through an ultralow concentration inclined wire forming machine with an ultrasonic process and a wet-papermaking process; after squeezing and drying, obtaining a meta-aramid fiber base paper, and then processing with surface coating; and, after multi-stage calendering, rewinding and slitting, obtaining the high-performance meta-aramid fiber paper-based material. The paper-based material has a thickness of 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wear protection layer comprising a mixture of non-uniform transparent hard material particles, which are stored in a matrix material and which comprise a Mohs hardness of at least 6 and transparent solid material particles, wherein the transparent solid material particles encompass a bi-modal grain size distribution. The invention also relates to a method for producing a wear protection layer as well as the use thereof for producing wear protection surfaces, in particular surfaces on wood fiber boards, which are provided with a a décor.

Abstract: Absorbent members, especially bulked absorbent members, and methods of making the same are disclosed. The absorbent member may be in the form of a unitary absorbent fibrous layer comprising at least some cellulose fibers. The unitary absorbent fibrous layer is at least partially stratified through its thickness. The absorbent member may also have a plurality of discrete deformations, such as depressions and/or apertures in its surfaces. The method involves subjecting a precursor web to at least one cycle (or pass) through a mechanical deformation process. The mechanical deformation process utilizes a first forming member and a second forming member that form a nip therebetween through which the precursor web is passed. The first and second forming members are moving at different speeds relative to each other when they come together to form the nip.

Abstract: A concrete rail tie has an elongated tie body made of a first concrete material. The elongated tie body has an elongated top surface having a shaped profile. A preformed rail seat crown made of a second concrete material is embedded in the elongated tie body and disposed at a rail seat location of the elongated tie body. The preformed rail seat crown has top side flush with and shaped to match the shaped profile of the elongated top surface of the elongated tie body. And the second concrete material has a greater compressive strength and a greater flexural strength than the first concrete material.

Abstract: A transport system includes: a pair of first traveling rails (R1) affixed to and laid on a floor (F1); a pair of second traveling rails (R2) laid on another floor (F2) to be able to move in a laying direction thereof; a pair of intermediate traveling rails (RM) each including a first end and a second end, the first end being rotatably connected to an end portion of each of the first traveling rails (R1), the second end being rotatably connected to an end portion of each of the second traveling rails (R2); and a transport dolly (D) which travels on the first traveling rails (R1), the intermediate traveling rails (RM), and the second traveling rails (R2).