Abstract: In one embodiment, a water desalination and power generation system includes a power generation subsystem, a water desalination subsystem, and an ejector that links the power generation subsystem and the water desalination subsystem, the ejector being adapted to entrain working fluid steam that has exited the water desalination subsystem into working fluid steam that has exited the power generation subsystem to generate mixed steam that drives the water desalination subsystem.

Abstract: Methods and systems for applying separation processes to a spent caustic stream are disclosed. Methods and systems for regenerating media utilized in spent caustic separation processes are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of treating fluids, including for recovery of water apart from impurities or undesired matter, utilizes application of shock waves to the fluids.

Abstract: A water softening device for use for a pet is provided, comprising: a first chamber having a shape of a hollow container; a second chamber having a shape of a hollow container, the second chamber being detachably attached to an upper section inside the first chamber; and a filter cartridge having a plurality of openings and containing an ion exchange resin therein, the filter cartridge being detachably attached to a bottom section of the second chamber and positioned to protrude from the bottom section of the second chamber to a lower section inside the first chamber. The second chamber is configured to receive and contain first water including tap water, and the lower section inside the first chamber is configured to receive and contain second water that is the first water after passing through the filter cartridge based on gravity.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, a forward osmosis-type fresh water composite system includes: a fuel cell device that has a cathode electrode in which carbon dioxide supplied from a plant is converted into carbonate ion (CO32?) and an anode electrode that produces electric energy by reacting the carbonate ion (CO32?) with hydrogen and discharges the carbon dioxide; and a carbon dioxide collection unit that reacts the carbon dioxide supplied from the fuel cell device and water supplied from the outside with ammonia separated from a draw solution separation unit so as to produce a high-concentration draw solution and then supplies the high-concentration draw solution to a forward osmosis separation device.

Abstract: An integrated device for wastewater purification, comprising a coagulation zone; a flocculation zone connected to and in fluid communication with the coagulation zone; a flotation zone connected to and in fluid communication with the flocculation zone and comprising a froth discharge port; and a separation zone below and in fluid communication with the flotation zone and comprising a contaminant separator and a purified wastewater discharge port; the wastewater entering the device being mixed with electrolytically-generated coagulants and gas bubbles in the coagulation zone; the flocculation zone receiving and gently mixes coagulated wastewater contaminants and gas bubbles formed in the coagulation zone and aggregating them into flocs before flotation of buoyant flocs in the flotation zone and the separation zone being adapted for further floc formation, oil coalescence, settling and discharge of non-buoyant contaminants.

Abstract: There is provided an electrolysis device configured to use unpurified water containing a small amount of ions of alkaline earth metal such as Ca and Mg as raw water, and to have a structure of supplying the raw water to a cathode chamber in which deposition of scale of the alkaline earth metal on the surface of a cathode provided in the cathode chamber can be prevented. The electrolysis device and the apparatus for producing electrolyzed ozone water are configured by an electrolysis cell formed in a manner that a membrane-electrode assembly is configured by a solid polymer electrolyte separation membrane formed by a cation exchange membrane, and an anode and a cathode which are respectively adhered to both surfaces of the solid polymer electrolyte separation membrane, and the membrane-electrode assembly is compressed from both surfaces thereof, and thus the solid polymer electrolyte separation membrane, the anode, and the cathode are adhered to each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for inhibiting scale formation and microorganism growth within a moving water system, with the apparatus including: (i) a pulse-power assembly having a fly-back pulse generator circuit effective to produce a current pulse that when terminated yields a voltage spike and generates a plurality of frequencies of energy, where the fly-back pulse generator circuit comprises a coil as an integral portion of the fly-back pulse generator circuit; and (ii) a chamber for passing water from the moving water system therethrough, where the coil is wound around the chamber so as to transmit the plurality of frequencies of energy into the chamber in order to inhibit scale formation and microorganism growth within the moving water system. Water treatment systems and methods of using the apparatus are also provided.

Abstract: An over grate filter for covering a grate and filtering storm water runoff is claimed and described. The over grate filter of the invention helps to control the flow of waterborne sediment and pollutants into the storm water grate, and it also serves to reduce the amount of sediment entering drainage systems. The invention may be fabricated from any filtration fabrics, including woven and non-woven fabrics. The selection of the specific filter fabric used in the invention depends on the anticipated storm water flow velocities, the anticipated pollutant volume and the expected maintenance schedule. The over grate filter of the invention may comprise multiple layers of filter material and a supporting inner core that enables the filter to lie flat on the storm water grate, providing improved wear resistance against foot and vehicle traffic and street sweeping activity over the prior art methods for filtering storm water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to one step “BioFerric flocculant enhanced primary treatment” (BEPT) process for domestic sewage treatment. More particularly, it relates to a novel composite flocculant consisting of acidophilic bacteria, and bacteriogenic flocculants for sewage flocculation and settling that enhanced the sewage treatment process by minimizing the chemical uses and steps and direct dewatering of sludge without preconditioning.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes a wastewater collection system, at least one aeration subsystem aerating the aerobic portion, and at least one filtration subsystem. The wastewater collection system has an anoxic portion, an aerobic portion downstream of the anoxic portion, an anaerobic portion downstream of the aerobic portion. The filtration subsystem includes at least one bioreacting filter receiving fluid from the aerobic portion, being operable to filter wastewater received from the aerobic portion, and discharging filtered fluid into the anoxic portion, an oxygen contactor fluidically connected between the aerobic portion and the at least one bioreacting filter and operable to diffuse oxygen into the fluid being supplied from the aerobic portion, and an oxygen supply operable to supply oxygen to the oxygen contactor.

Abstract: A device for separating water from sludge comprising a processing box, wherein a feeding cylinder is disposed above the processing box, and the feeding cylinder is fixedly connected to the processing box through a plurality of connecting rods; a rotating rod is rotationally connected into the feeding cylinder; a first rotating motor is fixedly connected to one side of the feeding cylinder; the output end of the first rotating motor penetrates through the side wall of the feeding cylinder, and is fixedly connected to the rotating rod; a spiral blade is fixedly sleeved with the rotating rod, and the outer side of the spiral blade is matched with the inner side wall of the feeding cylinder.

Abstract: A method of forming an optical fiber includes the steps of forming a silica-based soot blank with at least one silica-based soot core cane at least partially embedded in the soot blank. The soot blank with the soot core cane positioned therein is consolidated to form a preform. The preform is then drawn to form an optical fiber. The soot core cane preferably has an average bulk density within 10% of the bulk density of the soot blank, and more preferably within 5% of the bulk density of the soot blank.

Abstract: Glass microbubbles include on an average weight basis: from 25.0 to 37.4 percent by weight of silicon; from 5.7 to 8.6 percent by weight of calcium; from 5.2 to 14.9 percent by weight, on a total combined weight basis, of at least one of sodium or potassium; from 0.3 to 0.9 percent of boron; and from 0.9 to 2.6 percent of phosphorus, wherein the weight ratio of phosphorus to boron is in the range of from 1.4 to 4.2, and wherein the glass microbubbles comprise less than 0.4 percent by weight of zinc. A raw product including the glass microbubbles, and methods of making the raw product are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for improved materials and material laminates with graphitic or inorganic/organic nanomaterials are presented. Graphitic or inorganic/organic nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, graphenes or graphene oxides, are introduced into an aqueous composition as fillers to provide a graphitic or inorganic/organic nanocomposite. Such composition may be used as laminates to improve adhesion between a film and a layer of material or between layers of materials and to increase not only strength properties, but also to provide other desired properties such as electronic properties, UV absorbing/blocking, optical-limiting, anti-reflective, fire-retardant, conducting, anti-microbial properties or pigmentation to say material. By tailoring the composite formulations with multiple graphitic or organic/inorganic nanomaterials, the resulting materials laminates become multifunctional and can be used for a variety of applications.

Abstract: The application relates to the use of a powder comprising calcium nitrate as a setting accelerator for a tile adhesive blend, wherein nitrate powder comprising calcium nitrate, and optionally also comprising a nitrate salt different than the calcium nitrate, specifically potassium or ammonium nitrate, and having a particle size of between 0.01 mm and 1 mm is used as the setting accelerator. The application furthermore relates to a process for producing such a setting accelerator comprising, in one possible embodiment, the step of cutting or grinding prills and/or granules comprising the calcium nitrate and optionally the different nitrate salt, and in another embodiment, a spray drying process, resulting into the setting accelerator. The application also relates to a tile adhesive blend comprising at least a cement, sand and a such setting accelerator.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention includes a reactor apparatus for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon feedstock, the apparatus including: a reactor component comprising a refractory material in oxide form, the refractory material having a melting point of at least 2060° C. and which remains in oxide form when exposed to a gas having an oxygen partial pressure of 10?15 bar, a carbon partial pressure above the carbon partial pressure of the zirconium carbide and zirconium oxide phase transition at the same temperature, and at temperatures below the temperature of the zirconium triple point at the oxygen partial pressure of 10?15 bar; and ii) when exposed to a gas having an oxygen partial pressure of 10?15 bar and at temperatures above the zirconium triple point at the oxygen partial pressure of 10?15 bar. In some embodiments, the reactor comprises a regenerative pyrolysis reactor apparatus and in other embodiments it includes a reverse flow regenerative reactor apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention is directed at coatings for oven bake clay that when applied make the surface of the resulting object food safe. Among the many different possibilities contemplated, the coating may contain one or more food safe plastics that may be in particle form and may form suspensions or colloids when mixed with water, food safe oil or other food safe liquids to ease application. Among the many potential additional ingredients contemplated, the coating may contain one or more surfactants to improve the formation of a suspension or colloid or one or more food safe dyes so that the oven bake clay can be painted. Among the many methods of making the coating contemplated, the components may be mixed to form a suspension or colloid through one or more of agitation, stirring or sonication. It is further contemplated that the coating may be applied to an unbaked oven bake clay object and then baked or alternatively applied to a baked oven bake clay object and then re-baked.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to consortia of bacteria strains and composition comprising one or more bacterial strains disclosed herein. These consortia of isolated bacteria cultures and compositions comprising said cultures, having greater activity than would be observed for the individual bacteria cultures and compositions. A composition of the disclosure may advantageously be used for enhancing the availability of soil phosphorus and other macronutrients and/or micronutrients to plants, and thereby enhancing their growth and yield.

Abstract: The present application relates to systems and methods for processing organic material. The methods may include extraction of biochemical nutrients from organic material, such as food scraps. The method can include comminuting the organic material to form a slurry from components comprising liquid and organic material; combining the slurry with microorganisms, such as a yeast, under aerobic conditions to form a mixture of the slurry and yeast; aerating the mixture; and forming a biomass and a nutrient-rich broth, in which the biochemical nutrients are stabilized and anabolized. The systems may, in some embodiments, be configured to perform the methods of processing organic materials.

Abstract: Methods of coating seeds with polymers and seeds coated with such polymers are disclosed herein. The polymers can be phosphonates, sulfonates, polymers of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, polyaminopolyethermethylene phosphonate, polysuccinic oligomers, acrylic acid/2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, blends of acrylic acid/2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid with polyaminopolyethermethylene phosphonate, sulfomethylated acrylic acid/acrylamide, blends of sulfomethylated acrylic acid/acrylamide with polyaminopolyethermethylene phosphonate, polymaleic acid, acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymers, polyacrylic acid, trimethylglycine hydrochloride, blends of polyaminopolyethermethylene phosphonate with trimethylglycine hydrochloride, and any combination or salt of such polymers. Methods of monitoring, determining, and controlling the concentration of scale inhibitors in an agricultural irrigation system are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A non-energetic smoke fill composition including a resin, a curing agent, a metallic filler, and a non-metallic filler, wherein the smoke fill composition is configured to be inserted into any of an artillery shell, a mortar cartridge, a gun cartridge, and in general an ogive of a projectile, and wherein the smoke fill composition is configured to be disseminated by a fuze and a supplemental charge to produce a signal visible in both day or night conditions.

Abstract: A process for the specific isotopic labeling of an amino acid selected from Valine (Val), Leucine (Leu), and Isoleucine (Ile), in proteins and biomolecular assemblies by introducing, in a medium containing bacteria overexpressing a protein, an acetolactate derivative of Formula I of the application.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to processes and systems for the hydrodeoxygenation of an oxygenate feedstock that increases the conversion of oxygenates to hydrocarbons while avoiding detrimental effects resulting from increasing the severity of the hydrodeoxygenation reaction.

Abstract: Alkylate is produced by supplying iso-C4+ hydrocarbon feed to an alkylation reactor, and by further selectively supplying to the alkylation reactor an olefin selected from the group consisting of refinery grade propylene (RGP) and polymer grade propylene (PGP), and combinations thereof. The olefin feed is controlled such that the proportion of PGP supplied through the olefin feed inlet exceeds that of RGP for a predetermined time interval, using a special purpose computer programmed to optimize the allocation of PGP between alkylation production and a commodity market in order to increase total net profit margin.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for production of a monoalkyl aromatic compound by alkylation of alkylatable aromatic compounds with an alkylating agent in a reactor comprising at least a first and a second series-connected alkylation reaction zones and a cooler disposed between the first and the second series-connected alkylation reaction zones. The process comprising a step of cooling at least a portion of an effluent withdrawn from the first alkylation reaction zone before being introduced into the second alkylation reaction zone.

Abstract: Fluidizable catalysts for the gas phase oxygen-free oxidative cracking of alkanes, such as hexane, to one or more olefins, such as ethylene, propylene, and/or butylene. The catalysts comprise 1-15% by weight per total catalyst weight of one or more vanadium oxides (VOx), such as V2O5. The catalysts are disposed on an alumina support that is modified with cerium to influence catalyst acidity and characteristics of lattice oxygen at the catalyst surface. Various methods of preparing and characterizing the catalyst as well as methods for the gas phase oxygen free oxidative cracking of alkanes, such as hexane, to one or more olefins, such as ethylene, propylene, and/or butylene with improved alkane conversion and olefins product selectivity are also disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments in the present disclosure describe a process for recovery of lighter mono-aromatic compounds from a stream containing alkyl bridged non-condensed alkyl multi-aromatic compounds by conversion to non-condensed alkyl mono-aromatic compounds. The process includes supplying, to a reactor, a hydrocarbon feedstock containing alkyl bridged non-condensed alkyl aromatic compounds and a hydrogen stream. The process further includes allowing the alkyl-bridged non-condensed alkyl multi-aromatic compounds to react with hydrogen in the presence of a suitable catalyst to produce alkyl mono-aromatic compounds. The process may include processing the alkyl mono-aromatic compounds to produce valuable products, such as para-xylene. Various other embodiments are disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: A method for producing a conjugated diolefin is configured as follows. A monoolefin having four or more carbon atoms is fed from a monoolefin feed nozzle(s) installed at n place(s) (n=1, 2, . . . , n). In addition, at least 50% or more of a total amount of an oxygen-containing gas is fed from an oxygen-containing gas feed nozzle located at a bottom of a fluidized bed reactor. Furthermore, the monoolefin feed nozzles at heights a1, a2, . . . , an from the oxygen-containing gas feed nozzle feed the monoolefin having four or more carbon atoms at ratios of b1, b2, . . . , bn (b1+b2+ . . . +bn=1), respectively, and a weighted mean value represented by the following formula and obtained from the above heights and the above ratios is 200 mm to 3000 mm. arithmetic mean value=a1*b1+a2*b2+ . . .

Abstract: Disclosed are catalyst compositions and their use in a process for the conversion of a feedstock containing C8+ aromatic hydrocarbons to produce light aromatic products, comprising benzene, toluene and xylene. The catalyst composition comprises a zeolite which comprises a MOR framework structure and a MFI and/or MEL framework structure, (b) at least one first metal of Group 10 of the IUPAC Periodic Table, and (c) optionally at least one second metal of Group 11 to 15 of the IUPAC Periodic Table. In one or more embodiments, the MOR framework structure comprises mordenite, preferably a mordenite zeolite having small particle size. The MFI framework structure preferably comprises ZSM-5, and the MEL framework structure preferably comprises ZSM-11.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene from 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane and/or 1,1,2,2,3-pentachloropropane, comprising the following steps: (a) catalytic reaction of 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane and/or 1,1,2,2,3-pentachloropropane with HF into a reaction mixture comprising HCl, 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, unreacted HF, and optionally 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane; (b) separating the reaction mixture into a first stream comprising HCl and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and a second stream comprising HF, 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and optionally 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane; (c) catalytic reaction of the second stream into a reaction mixture comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, HCl, unreacted 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, unreacted HF and optionally 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane and (d) feeding the reaction mixture of step (c) directly without separation to step (a).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a fluorine-containing haloolefin compound, said method being able to reduce the generation of overly fluorinated compounds as by-products in the production of the fluorine-containing haloolefin compound and produce the target product of high purity at a high yield. The invention also provides a halogenated hydrocarbon composition. The method for producing a haloolefin compound through the step of fluorinating a starting material containing at least one of a pentachloropropane or a tetrachloropropene in the presence of a fluorinating agent in a reactor, according to the present invention, includes the step of adding hydrogen chloride to the reactor. The composition according to the present invention contains: at least one member selected from the group consisting of a pentachloropropane and a tetrachloropropene; and hydrogen chloride.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are improved methods for the synthesis of honokiol, as well as methods for the synthesis of 3,3?-di-tert-butyl-5,5?-dimethyl-[1,1?-biphenyl]-2,4?-diol, 3?,5-dimethyl-[1,1?-biphenyl]-2,4?-diol, and 2,4?-dimethoxy-3?,5-dimethyl-1,1?-biphenyl, 3,3?,5,5?-tetra-tert-butyl-[1,1?-biphenyl]-2,4?-diol, and certain tetrasubstituted bisphenols, and uses therefor.

Abstract: Solid cannabidivarin, crystalline cannabidivarin, (R,R)-(?)-crystalline cannabidivarin, (S,S)-(+)-crystalline cannabidivarin and substantially pure forms thereof are disclosed herein. Further disclosed are methods of making such cannabidivarin, compositions and formulations comprising such cannabidivarin, and methods of treating disease with such cannabidivarin.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes for making cyclohexanone from a mixture comprising phenol, cyclohexanone, cyclohexylbenzene, and an S-containing component, comprising a step of removing at least a portion of the S-containing component to reduce poisoning of a hydrogenation catalyst used for hydrogenating phenol to cyclohexanone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing 3-methylcyclopentadecane-1,5-dione of formula (I), which comprises the oxidation of 14-methyl-bicyclo[10.3.0]pentadecen[1 (12)] of formula (II) with an oxidizing agent, where the oxidation is performed by using a mixture of formic acid with H2O2 as sole oxidizing agent in the presence of water and where the amount of H2O2 is at least 1.1 mol H2O2 per mol of the compound of formula (II).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a macrocyclic diketone compound of the formula (I), which comprises the oxidation of a bicycloolefine compound of the formula (II) with an oxidizing agent, formulae (I) (II) where in formulae (I) and (II) A is (CH2)n with n being an integer from 2 to 12, where two hydrogen atoms may be replaced by C1-C4-alkyl, in particular methyl, or two hydrogen atoms, which are bound to adjacent carbon atoms may be replaced by a fused 5- or 6-membered saturated carbocycle; B is (CH2)m with m being 1 or 2, where 1 or 2 hydrogen atoms may be replaced by C1-C4-alkyl, in particular methyl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of extracting 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-HPA) and/or derivatives thereof from an aqueous solution comprising 3-HPA, the method comprising: (a) contacting the aqueous solution with chitosan and/or chitosan comprising polymers; (b) separating the 3-HPA bound chitosan and/or chitosan comprising polymers; and (c) washing the 3-HPA bound chitosan and/or chitosan comprising polymers at least once with a washing medium; wherein 3-HPA and/or derivatives thereof is in the washing medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to specific ketones of formula (I) which act as photolabile pro-fragrances. The invention also relates to detergents or cleaning agents, cosmetic agents and air fresheners including such ketones. The invention further relates to a method for creating a long-lasting fragrance on surfaces and also to a method for creating a long-lasting fragrance in a room using the aforementioned ketones.

Abstract: Improved systems and methods for producing synthetic hypericin at high volume and high purity.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides treprostinil derivatives that can act as prodrugs of treprostinil. The treprostinil derivatives can be used to treat any conditions responsive to treatment with treprostinil, including pulmonary hypertension, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Abstract: This invention is directed to methods of preparing AQX-1125 having the formula: This invention is also directed to intermediates utilized in the methods of preparing AQX-1125.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the separation of long chain amino acid and long chain dibasic acid, comprising: (1) mixing the mixed amide derivatives with an aqueous solution of ammonia or ammonium hydroxide in the presence or absence of solvent or catalyst; (2) subjecting the solution or suspension of step (1) to an hydrolysis reaction; and (3) recovering excess ammonia and solvent in the presence of solvent in step (1) by evaporation to provide a mixture of long chain amino acid and alkylamine or ammonium salts of long chain dibasic acid and alkanoic acid.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to compounds having the formula: where R1-R5 and X are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds have neprilysin inhibition activity. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and processes and intermediates for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: This invention provides substituted acylanilide compounds and uses thereof in treating a variety of diseases or conditions in a subject including, inter alia, a muscle wasting disease and/or disorder such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy or Becker muscular dystrophy.

Abstract: By reacting 3-methyl-2-methoxymethylaniline, etc. with a phosgene compound in the presence of a tertiary amine at 10° C. to 14° C. in at least one kind of solvent selected from a group consisting of chlorobenzene and ortho-dichlorobenzene, an isocyanate compound such as 3-methyl-2-methoxymethyl-1-isocyanatobenzene can be manufactured with good yields.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) as defined herein, wherein said process comprises reacting a compound of formula (II) as defined s herein with one or more suitable Vilsmeier reagent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method for preparing bis(3-aminophenyl) disulphides of the general formula (I) and 3-aminothiols of the general formula (II), where X, Y have the meanings stated in the description, which serve as intermediates for the preparation of phenyl sulphoxides having insecticidal, acaricidal and nematicidal activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds for the treatment of mTOR (mammalian Target Of Rapamycin) pathway related diseases. Specifically, the present invention relates to the use of aminoacetonitrile derivatives (AADs) in the treatment of mTOR pathway related diseases.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to reagents and methods useful in the synthesis of aryl iodines, for example, in the preparation of iodine labeled radiotracers. The reagents and methods provided herein may be used to access a broad range of compounds, including aromatic compounds, heteroaromatic compounds, amino acids, nucleotides, and synthetic compounds.