Abstract: A proppant may include particles including a sintered ceramic composition, wherein the particles have a particle size distribution such that less than 25 wt. % of the particles have a particle size less than 100 mesh, and wherein the particles have a particle size distribution such that less than 1 wt % of the particles have a particle size greater than 60 mesh. The particles may have a sphericity ranging from 0.4 to 0.9. A proppant may include particles including a sintered ceramic composition, wherein the proppant has a conductivity of at least 1.5 times the conductivity of 100 mesh sand. A method of treating a subterranean area around a well bore may include providing a fracturing fluid including such proppants, and injecting the fracturing fluid into the subterranean area around the well bore.

Abstract: Degradable particulates may allow for temporary redirection or occlusion of a fluid within a subterranean formation. However, many types of degradable particulates can be problematic for large-scale use, such as during subterranean treatment operations. Methods for treating a subterranean formation using degradable particulates may comprise: providing pre-coated particulates comprising a latently dissolvable core and a transient coating surrounding the latently dissolvable core, the latently dissolvable core and the transient coating comprising different materials; and introducing a treatment fluid comprising a carrier fluid and a plurality of the pre-coated particulates into a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation in conjunction with a stimulation operation, a material comprising the latently dissolvable core being soluble in the carrier fluid or a formation fluid present within the subterranean formation.

Abstract: The invention provides a lighting device (1) comprising a plurality of solid state light sources (10) and an elongated ceramic body (100) having a first face (141) and a second face (142) defining a length (L) of the elongated ceramic body (100), the elongated ceramic body (100) comprising one or more radiation input faces (111) and a radiation exit window (112), wherein the second face (142) comprises said radiation exit window (112), 5 wherein the plurality of solid state light sources (10) are configured to provide blue light source light (11) to the one or more radiation input faces (111), wherein the blue light source light (11) has an peak maximum (?ex1), wherein the elongated ceramic body (100) comprises a ceramic material (120) configured to wavelength convert at least part of the blue light source light (11) into converter light (101), wherein the ceramic material (120) comprises an 10 A3B5O12:Ce3+ ceramic material, wherein A comprises yttrium (Y) and gadolinium (Gd), and wherein B comprises aluminum

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid-crystalline media (LC media) comprising a low-molecular-weight component, a self-alignment additive comprising a thiol group and optionally a polymerizable component. The self-alignment additives effect homeotropic (vertical) alignment of the LC media at a surface or the cell walls of a liquid-crystal display (LC display). The invention therefore also encompasses LC displays having homeotropic alignment of the liquid-crystalline medium (LC medium) without alignment layers. The invention discloses novel structures for self-alignment additives which have a thiol functional groups.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal compound satisfying at least one of physical properties such as high stability to heat or light, a high clearing point (or high maximum temperature), low minimum temperature of a liquid crystal phase, small viscosity, large optical anisotropy, large negative dielectric anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant and good compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, a liquid crystal composition containing the compound and a liquid crystal display device including the composition. A compound is represented by formula (1): In formula (1), R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 15 carbons; and A1, A2 and A3 are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; Z1, Z2 and Z3 are independently a single bond; Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 are independently hydrogen, fluorine or the like; and a, b and c are independently 0 or 1, and a sum of a, b and c is 0 to 3.

Abstract: Shown is a liquid crystal display device having characteristics such as a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, low threshold voltage, a large contrast ratio and a long service life. A polymer sustained alignment mode liquid crystal display device includes an electrode group formed on one or both of a pair of substrates arranged with facing each other, a plurality of active devices connected to the electrode group, liquid crystal alignment films formed on surfaces facing each other of the pair of substrates, respectively, and a liquid crystal composition interposed between the pair of substrates, in which the liquid crystal alignment film contains at least one polymer selected from polyorganosiloxane, polyamic acid, polyamic acid ester and polyimide, and the liquid crystal composition contains a specific compound having negative dielectric anisotropy as a first component.

Abstract: A carbonaceous feed pyrolysis apparatus is provided including two or more hot particle fluidised beds, one of which contains a combustion zone, and one or more positive displacement apparatus for the transfer of hot particles beds. Also provided is a bio-oil production process including two or more fluidised beds, a first combustion zone carried out in one or more combustion fluidised beds in which a particulate material is fluidised and heated, and a second pyrolysis zone carried out in one or more pyrolysis fluidised beds in which hot particles heated in the combustion zone are used for pyrolysis of bio-mass, the combustion zone being operated at or about atmospheric pressure at a temperature of from 400° C. to 1100° C., and the pyrolysis zone being operated at a pressure of from atmospheric to 100 Barg at a temperature of from 400° C. to 900° C.

Abstract: A process for the production of a fractionated product is disclosed, comprising providing a solid hydrocarbonaceous material, wherein the material is in particulate form, and wherein at least about 90% by volume (% v) of the particles are no greater than about 500 ?m in diameter. The solid hydrocarbonaceous material is combined with an unrefined liquid hydrocarbonaceous material, such as crude oil, in order to create a combined solid-liquid blend; and the combined solid-liquid blend is subjected to fractionation in order to generate one or more fractionation products. Typically the solid hydrocarbonaceous material comprises coal, optionally the coal is ultrafine coal, and suitably the coal is comprised of microfine coal. The coal may be dewatered and deashed prior to combination with unrefined liquid hydrocarbonaceous material. Compositions and products of the process are further provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing hydrocarbons from a gas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, in at least two conversion reactors, being the first and second reactor, said reactors comprising catalysts. The reactors can be placed in series or parallel.

Abstract: Described herein are processes for the conversion of ethylene into CS+ olefins, naphthenics, and aromatics via a dual catalyst reaction utilizing a dehydroaromatization catalyst.

Abstract: An integrated hydrothermal process for upgrading heavy oil includes the steps of mixing a heated water stream and a heated feed in a mixer to produce a mixed fluid, introducing the mixed stream to a reactor unit to produce a reactor effluent that includes light fractions, heavy fractions, and water, cooling the reactor effluent in a cooling device to produce a cooled fluid, depressurizing the cooled fluid in a depressurizing device to produce a depressurized fluid, introducing the depressurized fluid to a flash drum configured to separate the depressurized fluid into a light fraction stream and a heavy fraction stream. The light fraction stream includes the light fractions and water and the heavy fraction stream includes the heavy fractions and water. The process further includes the step of introducing the heavy fraction stream to an aqueous reforming unit that includes a catalyst to produce an aqueous reforming outlet.

Abstract: A process for preparing paraffins and waxes includes providing a gas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide to at least two conversion reactors for catalytically converting the gas mixture to obtain an initial Fischer-Tropsch product comprising paraffins having from 5 to 300 carbon atoms. The initial Fischer-Tropsch product streams from each of the reactors are combined before being subjected to a hydrogenation step. The hydrogenated product stream is separated into C5-C9, C10-C17 and C18-300 fractions. The C18-C300 fraction is separated to obtain one or more light waxes having a congealing point in the range of 30 to 75° C. and a heavy wax having a congealing point in the range of 75 to 120° C. The relative concentrations of the C5-C9 and the C10-C17 fractions, and the concentrations of the light and heavy waxes is changed by raising, lowering or maintaining the reaction temperature of at least one of the reactors.

Abstract: A cogeneration process with gasification of organic material, including the steps of: loading only organic material into a collection tank; supplying at least part of the organic material to a gasification reactor; producing Syngas in the gasification reactor through gasification of at least part di the organic material supplied to the gasification reactor; filtering the Syngas; supplying the filtered Syngas to at least one internal combustion engine; generating electrical energy by an electric generator connected to the at least one internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The present invention aims a new diesel composition comprising a diesel fuel and from 0.01 to 0.8% by volume of a glycerol acetal or ketal. The new diesel composition shows a higher cetane number and better lubricity performances compared to known diesel compositions.

Abstract: The use of a block copolymer as detergent additive in an internal combustion engine liquid fuel, including: at least one block A of formula (I): wherein n is an integer ranging from 2 to 100, R1 is chosen from hydrogen and the methyl group, R2 is chosen from C1 to C34 hydrocarbon-based chains, at least one block B of formula (II): wherein p is an integer between 2 and 40, G is chosen from: o an aryl group, and o an aryl group substituted by at least one group chosen from: a group R, a C1 to C12 hydrocarbon-based chain, and a C1 to C12 hydrocarbon-based chain substituted by at least one group R, being chosen from the group consisting of: the groups including from 1 to 40 atoms chosen from C, N, and optionally O, including at least one primary, secondary or tertiary amine function, and quaternary ammoniums.

Abstract: There is provided a method of providing an improved biofuel, by the presence of an additive which is the reaction product of (i) a compound containing the segment —NR1R2 where R1 represents a group containing from 4 to 44 carbon atoms and R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group R1 (for example di-hydrogenated tallow amine) and (ii) a carboxylic acid having from 1 to 4 carboxylic acid groups or an acid anhydride or acid chloride thereof (for example phthalic acid or phthalic anhydride). The additives described combat problems arising from precipitation at temperatures above the cloud point.

Abstract: A process for the production of a fractionated product is disclosed, comprising providing a solid hydrocarbonaceous material, wherein the material is in particulate form, and wherein at least about 90% by volume (% v) of the particles are no greater than about 500 ?m in diameter. The solid hydrocarbonaceous material is combined with an unrefined liquid hydrocarbonaceous material, such as crude oil, in order to create a combined solid-liquid blend; and the combined solid-liquid blend is subjected to fractionation in order to generate one or more fractionation products. Typically the solid hydrocarbonaceous material comprises coal, optionally the coal is ultrafine coal, and suitably the coal is comprised of microfine coal. The coal may be dewatered and deashed prior to combination with unrefined liquid hydrocarbonaceous material. Compositions and products of the process are further provided.

Abstract: During hydrothermal carbonization, the carbonization reaction takes place in a reaction tank, at high pressure and high temperature, and with steam feed. Because reactor charging takes place using a batch method, the biomass should be kept on hand in a pulper beforehand, and heated there. Slurry that leaves the reactor, in contrast, subsequently should be cooled in a buffer tank. For this purpose, cooling of the slurry and pre-heating of the biomass are linked. For this purpose, a heat exchanger in the pulper and a further heat exchanger in the buffer tank, which are connected to form a heat circuit, are supposed to be kept on hand. In this way, the slurry to be cooled can give off its heat to the biomass to be heated up, with the effect that significantly less energy leaves the system and has to be supplied to it again at a different location.

Abstract: A carrier fluid or fluidizer for use in fuel performance additives or fuels including such additives is described herein. The novel carrier fluids include a unique blend of alkoxylated alcohols or polyols providing unexpected performance improvements to fuel performance additives and fuels incorporating the additives. The carrier fluids, when combined with at least a detergent, provide desired valve stick performance and unexpectedly improve the intake valve deposit performance at the same time.

Abstract: The present invention provides a low-friction sliding mechanism comprising a lubricant composition on a sliding plane between a DLC-coated sliding member (A) and a sliding member (B), wherein the DLC-coated sliding member (A) is formed by coating a base material with diamond-like-carbon containing 10 atom % or less of hydrogen, the sliding member (B) includes at least one kind of material selected from the group consisting of a metal material, a non-metal material, and a metal or non-metal coated material having a surface coated with a thin film, and the lubricant composition contains a basic oil (C), PAG (D), and an acid oxygen-containing organic compound (E) with an acid number of more than 1 mgKOH/g.

Abstract: A method of making a coating solution includes the steps of polymerising an initial monomer feed comprising an N-vinyl pyrrolidone and an acrylate, preferably methacrylate, salt in water to synthesise a copolymer thereof, acidifying the resulting copolymer-water mixture to give free carboxylic acid groups along the copolymer backbone, diluting the aqueous solution down with alcohol, and adding a cross-linking agent which is capable of reacting with the carboxylic acid groups and curing the copolymer at a later stage after the coating solution has been applied to a substrate and the copolymer coated thereon. Also disclosed are a coating solution in storage, a method of coating a substrate which is on, or is part of, a medical device or other article, a substrate, article or medical device having a coating so applied, and a coated medical device packaged in a hydration solution.

Abstract: A method of lubricating the contact between a first surface coated with a hydrogenous carbon film or coating of type a-C:H, ta-C:H, a-C:H:Me or a-C:H:X, as classified by VDI-Standard VDI 2840 and a second ferrous, preferably steel surface. The method comprises supplying to said contact a lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and (a) an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible molybdenum compound in an amount such as to provide between 150 and 1000 ppm by weight of molybdenum to the lubricating oil composition, and (b) between 0.1 and 5% by weight with respect to the weight of the lubricating oil composition of a polymeric organic friction modifier, the organic friction modifier being the reaction product of (i) a functionalised polyolefin, (ii) a polyether, (iii) a polyol and (iv) a monocarboxylic acid chain terminating group.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition having a high temperature high shear (HTHS) viscosity at 150° C. in a range of about 1.3 to about 2.3 cP is disclosed. The composition comprises (a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. in a range of 1.5 to 6.0 mm2/s; (b) an organomolybdenum compound providing 200 to 1500 ppm by weight of molybdenum to the lubricating oil composition; (c) a calcium-containing detergent providing 750 to 3000 ppm by weight of calcium to the lubricating oil composition; (d) a magnesium-containing detergent providing 200 to 1500 ppm by weight of magnesium to the lubricating oil composition; and (e) a viscosity modifier having a PSSI of 30 or less.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition having a high temperature high shear (HTHS) viscosity at 150° C. in a range of about 1.3 to about 2.3 cP is disclosed. The composition comprises (a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. in a range of 1.5 to 6.0 mm2/s; and (b) a molybdenum-succinimide complex providing 200 to 1500 ppm by weight of molybdenum to the lubricating oil composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antiwear agent and lubricating compositions thereof. The invention further provides for a method of lubricating a driveline device application by employing a lubricating composition containing the antiwear agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing lignin derivative-based lubricating greases thickened by a polyurea thickener, lubricating greases thus prepared, and the use of such lubricant greases, inter alia, in transmissions, constant-velocity driveshafts and sealed roller bearings.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for preparing rapeseed oil by a semi-solid aqueous enzymatic process, belonging to the field of functional foods and health care products. The present invention first prepares a semi-solid rapeseed paste with 3.5-4.5% moisture content, which is hydrolyzed by a mixture of pectinase, cellulase and alkaline protease to extract rapeseed oil. The resulting rapeseed oil contains high levels of active ingredients including totaxin, sterol, phenols and beta-carotene. The rapeseed oil of the invention can be added into animal feeds, which helps to reduce animal blood lipid levels and body weight. It can significantly reduce the contents of total triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDC-C in the blood, and, at the same time, increases the level of HDL-C in the blood. In addition, the rapeseed oil prepared by the present invention can relieve hepatic steatosis in hyperlipemia rats.

Abstract: Compositions based upon an ethanol-free aqueous microemulsion having an aqueous phase including at least a preservative system, a discontinuous perfume oil phase and a surfactant system are disclosed. The compositions are stable microemulsions, resist microbial growth and can be used as perfume components in almost all perfume products.

Abstract: The present application relates to perfume raw materials, perfume delivery systems and consumer products comprising such perfume raw materials and/or such perfume delivery systems, as well as processes for making and using such perfume raw materials, perfume delivery systems and consumer products. Such perfume raw materials and compositions, including the delivery systems, disclosed herein expand the perfume communities' options as such perfume raw materials can provide variations on character and such compositions can provide desired odor profiles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-corrosive degreasing concentrate and ready to use formulation. In particular, non-corrosive compositions capable of removing polymerized grease as effectively as some alkali metal hydroxide (i.e. caustic) based degreasers without requiring the use of personal protective equipment are disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions, process mixtures, methods, and kits are provided for removing one or more coatings from a polymeric substrate, e.g., corrugated polymeric substrates, using a single-phase aqueous solution. The single-phase aqueous solution may include, for example, water; an inorganic base composition; a sulfoxylate composition; and a surfactant composition.

Abstract: A method of making a personal care article includes placing a converting frame on an anvil plate assembly with an anvil plate; placing at least one lower substrate on the anvil plate and the converting frame; securing the at least one lower substrate within the converting frame; placing a cleansing composition on the at least one lower substrate and within a perimeter of a centering guide on the anvil plate; laying at least one upper substrate over the cleansing composition and the at least one lower substrate; placing the converting frame and the anvil plate assembly on a target location of a heat press; and actuating the heat press to direct a heated seal plate onto the anvil plate, thereby contacting the at least one upper substrate and forming seal between the at least one upper substrate and the at least one lower substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a lyocell fiber in a product comprising a non-woven substrate and a liquid containing a compound with a quaternary ammonium salt, wherein said lyocell fiber is contained in said non-woven substrate, and wherein said lyocell fiber contains an essentially water-insoluble salt incorporated in said fiber.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for recovering beer during a beer brewing process. In the method, yeast entrained in beer 36 is recovered from a fermentation step 32. The yeast is separated from the beer to provide recovered beer 42. The recovered beer 42 is passed through an ultraviolet (UV) photo-sterilization unit 46, to provide sterilized recovered beer 48 which is recycled to the fermentation step 32. The invention uses ultraviolet light to achieve a microbially safe beer recovered from surplus yeast, and the recovered beer is recycled back to the brewing process, thereby saving financially as well as water loss.

Abstract: Provided are a flow passage module which can achieve complete liquid substitution in a circulating flow passage with a simple structure, and a cell culture apparatus using said flow passage module. A flow passage module comprises: a flexible branching section which is provided with a first branching flow passage connected with an inflow passage for a fluid, a second branching flow passage connected with an outflow passage, a third branching flow passage connected with an entry-side end part of a circulating flow passage, and a fourth branching flow passage connected with an exit-side end part of the circulating flow passage, and which enables the branching flow passages to be communicated with each other; and a communication state switching part which has opening/closing members for closing and opening the desired branching flow passage from among the plurality of branching flow passages.

Abstract: Provided are a method for detecting a free rare tumor cell in a human biological fluid sample and assay kit. Specifically, the method of the invention determines the existence of an active tumor cell in a biological fluid sample of a cancer patient by detecting and confirming the existence of glucose absorption capability of a karyocyte and expression of a leukocyte marker (CD45).

Abstract: Systems and methods for cell electroporation and molecular delivery using an intelligent, feedback controlled, microscale electroporation system for transfecting single cells.

Abstract: A method of culturing autogenous cells as well as a method of treating a mammalian patient is described. The cells are cultured on a substrate material having a surface treated with a fatty acid ester so as to have a strong hydrophobic surface and autogenous plasma obtained from a blood sample of the patient is used as a growth medium in order to culture the cells. The substrate material is also used as a transfer dressing for transferring the cultured cells to the patient and as a wound cover dressing. The invention also describes a kit as well as a system for culturing autogenous cells using the culture method.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of bio-lamina bioreactors and methods of making and using the same. The bio-lamina bioreactors disclosed herein can make fuels from organic reactants using fluid flow through the bio-lamina bioreactors in combination with microorganisms capable of reacting with the organic reactants. The microorganisms are embedded within biofilms present within the bio-lamina bioreactor. The bio-lamina bioreactor further comprises bio-lamina substrates comprising unique flow channels and structural projections that facilitate fluid flow and interactions with the microorganism cultures of the biofilm.

Abstract: A biological cell and/or tissue growth apparatus operable to create, in a chamber of the apparatus, a three-dimensional (3D) cell culture and to interact with a 3D structure of the cells in the chamber to, for example, apply materials to and/or remove materials from the cells or the chamber. The apparatus may include equipment for printing the 3D cell culture in a 3D cell growth medium. The 3D cell growth medium may be a granular gel material that undergoes a temporary phase change in response to an applied stress, such as a thixotropic or “yield stress” material. The apparatus may be operated such that the 3D printing equipment “prints” the 3D cell culture by depositing cells at particular locations in the 3D cell growth medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for obtaining images of bacterial cultures in a dish. The proposed device includes a support for a culture dish to be analyzed surrounded by an annular light emitting source facing an image capturing device and a non-reflective surface which, in conjunction with a reflective surface arranged in the periphery of the support, form a preferably spherical-shaped contrast observation chamber, providing a glare- and reflection-free, uniform tangent illumination of the support.

Abstract: An integrated system to produce microalgae with autonomous fault identification and circumvention that can be deployed on land or at sea. The system comprises a fully scalable reactor, CO2 extraction, oxygen replenishment to surrounding water, and all necessary equipment to run it safely ensuring high energy efficiency and optimal control of environment variables to maximize biomass yield.

Abstract: The present invention relates to application of a novel signal peptide in L-arginine and its derivatives production from konjac powder, which belongs to the field of gene engineering, enzyme engineering and metabolism engineering. The present invention fused the signal peptide set forth in SEQ ID NO.1 with the ?-mannanase of Bacillus subtilis CCTCC M 209200, and expressed the fused gene in the strain with high L-arginine yield. The recombinant strain Corynebacterium crenatum CGMCC 0890/p MSPman had advantages on utilizing cheaper konjac powder as substrate, and after fermenting for 96 hours in a 5 L bioreactor, the L-arginine yield reached 45 g/L. Another two recombinant strains were constructed based on Corynebacterium crenatum CGMCC 0890/pMSPman, and after fermenting for 96 hours in a 5 L bioreactor, the L-ornithine yield and L-citrulline reached 23.5 g/L and 26.3 g/L respectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to adenovirus E4ORF1 gene and to endothelial cells engineered to express the E4ORF1 gene. The present invention also relates to uses of the E4ORF1 gene, and cells expressing the E4ORF1 gene, and to compositions comprising the E4ORF1 gene, or comprising cells expressing the E4ORF1 gene.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for the growth, expansion, and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells on planar substrates lacking an adlayer and a feeder cell layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for more efficiently producing retinal pigment epithelial cells from pluripotent stem cells. The method of the present invention for producing retinal pigment epithelial cells includes the following steps: (1) a first step for culturing a pluripotent stem cell in a medium comprising an FGF receptor inhibitor and/or an MEK inhibitor for a period of not more than 30 days, and (2) a second step for culturing the cell obtained in the first step in the presence of a Nodal signal transduction pathway inhibitor and/or a Wnt signal transduction pathway inhibitor to form a retinal pigment epithelial cell.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present invention provides methods including the steps of providing one or more human somatic cells, causing transient increased expression of OCT4, KLF4, SOX2, and cMYC in the somatic cells forming modified somatic cells, providing a plurality of inactivated embryonic fibroblasts, associating the modified somatic cells with the inactivated embryonic fibroblasts in a culture media comprising 20% KO DMEM xeno-free serum replacement and at least 15 ng/ml recombinant bFGF to form human induced neural stem cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of matrix cells for obtaining a micro hair follicle and to the use thereof for evaluating the effect of cosmetic, pharmaceutical or dermatological products and also for the prophylactic or therapeutic treatment of a state of reduced pilosity.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for treating cancer in a human. The invention includes relates to administering a genetically modified T cell to express a CAR wherein the CAR comprises an antigen binding domain, a transmembrane domain, a costimulatory signaling region, and a CD3 zeta signaling domain.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a genetically-modified cell comprising in its genome a modified human T cell receptor alpha constant region gene, wherein the cell has reduced cell-surface expression of the endogenous T cell receptor. The present disclosure further relates to methods for producing such a genetically-modified cell, and to methods of using such a cell for treating a disease in a subject.