Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing aerogels, in particular silica aerogels, by way of a sol-gel process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mordenite zeolite having a mesopore surface area of greater than 30 m2/g and an average primary crystal size as measured by TEM of less than 80 nm, and methods of making the mordenite zeolite.

Abstract: A process for converting gypsum into precipitated calcium carbonate including reacting a mixture comprising gypsum and a seed, a mineral acid, or both with at least one carbonate source, whereby precipitated calcium carbonate is produced in the form of calcite and/or aragonite directly without conversion from a vaterite polymorph. Also, a process for converting gypsum into precipitated calcium carbonate including providing a mixture comprising i) gypsum ii) a seed, a mineral acid, or both iii) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of ammonium sulfate, an organic acid, or an iron material, and reacting the mixture with at least one carbonate source to produce precipitated calcium carbonate in the form of vaterite. The precipitated calcium carbonates having desired and unique compositions, polymorph and crystal size characteristics formed by these processes.

Abstract: A process for converting gypsum into precipitated calcium carbonate including reacting a mixture comprising gypsum and a seed, a mineral acid, or both with at least one carbonate source, whereby precipitated calcium carbonate is produced in the form of calcite and/or aragonite directly without conversion from a vaterite polymorph. Also, a process for converting gypsum into precipitated calcium carbonate including providing a mixture comprising i) gypsum ii) a seed, a mineral acid, or both iii) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of ammonium sulfate, an organic acid, or an iron material, and reacting the mixture with at least one carbonate source to produce precipitated calcium carbonate in the form of vaterite. The precipitated calcium carbonates having desired and unique composition, polymorph and crystal size characteristics formed by these processes.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to easily obtain zirconium oxide particles that contain a metallic element such as a rare earth oxide (preferably stabilized with a metallic element) and exhibit good dispersibility in organic media, without using an aqueous sulfate solution such as an aqueous solution of MgSO4, or using a reduced amount of the aqueous sulfate solution. The present invention is a zirconium oxide nanoparticle coated with a first carboxylic acid that is at least one of primary carboxylic acids and secondary carboxylic acids and has 3 or more carbon atoms, wherein the zirconium oxide nanoparticle comprises at least one selected from the group M consisting of rare earth elements, Al, Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Mn, Ni, and Cu.

Abstract: A high-magnesium concentrated liquid is disclosed. In a first embodiment, the high-magnesium concentrated liquid comprises magnesium ranged from 60000-70000 ppm, sodium ranged from 1000-3200 ppm, potassium ranged from 300-3000 ppm, calcium ranged from 100-300 ppm, and the balance of water. In a second embodiment, the high-magnesium concentrated liquid comprises magnesium ranged from 40000-50000 ppm, sodium ranged from 8000-28000 ppm, potassium ranged from 3000-20000 ppm, calcium ranged from 15-500 ppm, and the balance of water. In a third embodiment, the high-magnesium concentrated liquid comprises magnesium ranged from 80000-100000 ppm, sodium ranged from 3200-12000 ppm, potassium ranged from 3000-20000 ppm, calcium ranged from 100-200 ppm, and the balance of water.

Abstract: A filter housing can be configured to receive a filter media to form a filter assembly. Water filter media housings can be adapted for filter-as-you-pour filtration in the context of container (e.g., pitcher) systems where filtering is achieved as the user pours water from the container. The filter housing can have a frame and an optional casing securable about the frame. A filter assembly can include a filter media within, connected to, or associated with a filter housing. The filter media can be securable in an at least partially curved configuration and/or within, connected to, or associated with the filter housing.

Abstract: There is described an on-line device for controlling a fluid treatment process configured to inactivate a microorganism in a flow of fluid using ultraviolet radiation and a chemical disinfectant. The device comprises: a memory for receiving a calculated database of dose response for the ultraviolet radiation and for the chemical disinfectant for a fluid treatment parameter; means to obtain input data about the fluid treatment parameter from the process; means to compare the input data with calculated database; and means to adjust one or more of the amount ultraviolet radiation and the chemical disinfectant added to the flow fluid in response to a difference between the input data and calculated database. There is also described a process for controlling a fluid treatment process configured to inactivate a microorganism in a flow of fluid using ultraviolet radiation and a chemical disinfectant.

Abstract: A water purifier includes a water outlet discharging purified water therethrough, a first temperature sensor to sense temperature of the purified water, an induction heating module provided with a working coil forming magnetic field according to a current flow, and a hot water tank heated by the magnetic field and receiving the purified water to deliver to the water outlet, and a controller to control the current to flow on the working coil while the purified water is transferred to the water outlet through the hot water tank in response to a water discharge request, wherein the controller controls the current value flowing on the working coil, such that purified water lower than the target temperature is discharged until a predetermined time point from when the water discharge request is applied, and purified water higher than the target temperature is discharged after the predetermined time point.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates a system for the treatment of water. The water treatment system may be linked an aquatic protection system or a water filtration system.

Abstract: A water purification system with a centrifugal system and a frictional heating system consists of a centrifugal unit, a cavitation unit, a cooling condenser, a vertical shaft, and a pitot tube. The centrifugal unit and the cavitation unit are mounted along the vertical shaft so that the rotational movement of the vertical shaft is transferred onto the centrifugal unit and the cavitation unit. Non-potable water is directed into the centrifugal unit to separate heavy solids. Less populated water from the centrifugal unit is transferred to the cavitation unit via the pitot tube. The cavitation unit uses friction to generate phase change in the volume of less populated water which is then directed to the cooling condenser to produce potable water.

Abstract: A control method for a water purifier includes establishing a first cleaning passage which communicates a scale inhibiting mechanism with an RO membrane element of the water purifier and through which the scale inhibiting mechanism cleans the RO membrane element for a first preset time. The method additionally includes establishing a draining passage which is connected to the scale inhibiting mechanism and through which liquid in the scale inhibiting mechanism is drained out, and establishing a second cleaning passage which is in communication with raw water and through which the RO membrane element is cleaned with the raw water for a second preset time.

Abstract: Systems and methods for electrochemical separation are provided. An electrochemical separation device may include at least one cell pair wound around an electrode to from a bundle having a racetrack configuration.

Abstract: Catalytic water treatment is provided using an active material driven with an optical and/or electrical excitation. The active material is MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, WSe2, MoxW1?xS2, MoxW1?xSe2, MoSySe2?y, WSySe2?y, or MoxW1?xSySe2?y; wherein 0<x<1 and 0<y<2. The active material is configured as one or more layered nanostructures having exposed layer edges. A metal catalyst is disposed on the active material. The combined structure of active material and metal catalyst is disposed in the water to be treated. The excitation is provided to the active material to generate one or more reactive oxygen species by dissociation of water, wherein the reactive oxygen species provide water treatment.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a contaminated fluid has a UV lamp within a tubular housing. A plurality of baffles within the housing create meandering pathways parallel to the lamp for exposing the fluid to the UV light along the entire length of the pathways. A photocatalytic coating on the baffles and inner surfaces of the housing is maintained within a pre-set radial distance, preferably no more than about 75 mm, from the lamp for optimal creation of a photocatalytic reactant. The contaminated fluid flowing through the meandering pathways is maintained in close proximity to the lamp and has adequate time for exposure to the ultraviolet light and photocatalytic reactant for treatment before exiting the housing. The baffles are removably positioned within the housing for convenient maintenance or to alter the length of the pathways, without re-sizing the housing.

Abstract: Provided is a water treatment module including a bundle of hollow fiber membranes that includes a treatment portion extending between bottom and top ends and at least one gas diffuser. The membranes may be gas permeable and water impermeable. At least one end of the hollow fiber membranes is linked to a source of biofilm growth-supporting gas (BGSG) and configured to permit inlet of said BGSG into the hollow fiber membranes. Also provided herein are devices, systems and methods making use of the module.

Abstract: Provided are a barium-sulfate scale inhibitor and a barium-sulfate scale inhibitor composition each of which can express a high barium-sulfate scale-inhibiting ability. Also provided is a method of inhibiting a barium-sulfate scale that can express a high barium-sulfate scale-inhibiting ability. The barium-sulfate scale inhibitor of the present invention includes a sulfonic acid group-containing copolymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer composition containing a carboxyl group-containing monomer and a sulfonic acid group-containing monomer, in which when the barium-sulfate scale inhibitor is added at a solid content concentration of 1 wt % to high-salt-concentration water having a metal salt concentration of 10 wt % or more, the sulfonic acid group-containing copolymer is free from precipitating.

Abstract: This invention is concerning a water treatment apparatus having: an ozone injection facility configured to inject ozone gas into a treatment tank into which untreated water is introduced to be stored therein; a measuring unit configured to measure a spectral light intensity of the untreated water in a plurality of locations in the treatment tank by using at least a first wavelength; and a controller configured to estimate a residual rate of the spectral light intensity at a first wavelength for treated water, which has been treated with ozone in the treatment tank or for both the treated water and the untreated water, based on measurement results in the plurality of locations, measured by the measuring unit, and controls an ozone injection rate used by the ozone injection facility using the estimated residual rate.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an advanced oxidation process of degrading nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in sewage by UV persulfate. The sewage flows to a secondary sedimentation tank by gravity, and sediments are precipitated and separated. Na2S2O8 solution is added therein, and a UV lamp is opened. Effluent result is analyzed after photooxidation. The sewage is transferred into a contact disinfection pool to react with ClO2 before discharging safely. The present invention uses a UV-based advanced oxidation process, which can effectively remove, the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in sewage, meets the requirements of sewage discharging, and decreases the environmental risk of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The method has some advantages such as simple equipments, easy operation, reasonable economy, as well as efficient treatment effect and high stability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for purifying water using at least one unit for trapping one or more ions and at least one membrane filtration unit, wherein an aqueous stream is withdrawn from a source and is fed to the aforementioned unit for trapping one or more ions, wherein the aqueous stream leaving the aforementioned unit is fed to the aforementioned membrane filtration unit, and at least one concentrate stream and one permeate stream are obtained in said membrane filtration unit, wherein at least part of the aforementioned one or more ions that are trapped is added to the aforementioned permeate stream to obtain a permeate stream enriched with one or more ions.

Abstract: Feedwater and saltwater used in desalination plants, oil field installations, and large data centers can be treated to reduce scale, biological contaminants, and biologically induced corrosion therein by the integration of different treatment mechanisms.

Abstract: A mold operating mechanism to open and close molds of a glassware forming machine. The mechanism includes a drivetrain assembly including a frame, a gearset carried by the frame and configured to be driven by a powertrain assembly, at least one operating shaft carried by the frame and driven by the gearset, and at least one linkage operatively coupled to the operating shaft and configured to be operatively coupled to a mold carrier carrying at least a portion of one or more molds. The mechanism includes further a fluid cylinder disposed proximate the linkage and including at least one piston rod operatively coupled to the linkage, wherein as the linkage rotates, the piston rod is pulled outward from the cylinder, and the cylinder is dragged outwardly, and whereafter the cylinder is pressurized with fluid to push the piston rod further outward to apply clamping pressure to the linkage.

Abstract: An amorphous alloy contains Ni and Nb and has a composition including at least one of: a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 35.6 atomic % to 75.1 atomic %, Ir with a content in the range of 7.2 atomic % to 52.3 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 4.0 atomic % to 48.5 atomic %; a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 19.6 atomic % to 80.9 atomic %, Re with a content in the range of 7.4 atomic % to 59.2 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 4.1 atomic % to 56.9 atomic %; and a composition containing Nb with a content in the range of 7.5 atomic % to 52.9 atomic %, W with a content in the range of 16.4 atomic % to 47.0 atomic %, and Ni with a content in the range of 22.0 atomic % to 53.3 atomic %.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are apparatuses and methods for drawing sheet glass. More particularly, one or more sets of edge rolls can be configured to have a rotation axis angled away from a line orthogonal to the direction of flow of a ribbon of glass and positioned so as to contact the glass in the viscous region of the draw. Through control over the orientation and position of the one or more sets of edge rolls, sheet width attenuation may be eliminated, thickness of the beads that form along the edges of the glass sheet may be reduced, and instabilities associated with sheet width variation may be eliminated.

Abstract: A method for cutting glass is disclosed. A glass substrate is provided, the glass substrate includes at least one cutting surface, some micro-fractures are formed on the cutting surface. A conductivity material is provided and coated on the cutting surface to form a conductivity material layer. The conductivity material layer can absorb laser energy. The conductivity material layer is irradiated by laser. The glass substrate adjoined to the cutting surface is fused to repair the micro-fractures.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to systems for laser cutting at least one glass article comprising a pulsed laser assembly and a glass support assembly configured to support the glass article during laser cutting within the pulsed laser assembly, wherein the pulsed laser assembly comprises at least one non-diffracting beam (NDB) forming optical element configured to convert an input beam into a quasi-NDB beam; and at least one beam transforming element configured to convert the quasi-NDB beam into multiple quasi-NDB sub-beams spaced apart a distance of about 1 ?m to about 500 ?m; wherein the pulsed laser assembly is oriented to deliver one or more pulses of multiple quasi-NDB sub-beams onto a surface of the glass article, wherein each pulse of multiple quasi-NDB sub-beams is operable to cut a plurality of perforations in the glass article.

Abstract: A method of forming an optical fiber preform includes the steps: igniting a burner having a fume tube assembly to produce a first spray size of silicon dioxide particles; depositing the silicon dioxide particles on a core cane to produce a soot blank; and adjusting an effective diameter of an aperture of the fume tube assembly to produce a second spray size of the silicon dioxide particles. The second spray size is larger than the first spray size.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a glass core preform for an optical fibre comprising: providing a porous soot core preform having an outer surface) and a central hole extending axially therethrough; dehydrating the porous soot core preform at a first temperature by exposing the outer surface of the preform to an atmosphere containing chlorine, and simultaneously consolidating the soot core preform and closing the central hole at a second temperature higher than the first temperature to form a glass core preform, wherein consolidating and closing comprises sequentially alternating flowing chlorine containing gas into the central hole and reducing the internal pressure of the central hole.

Abstract: A cooling system for optical fiber drawing is used for decreasing the temperature of an optical fiber before coating, avoiding the occurrence of bubbles in a coating, ensuring a stable coating state of the optical fiber, and reducing the amount of helium gas used, being suitable for high-speed drawing. The cooling system consists of shutters of the cooling pipe; a helium gas guiding device, a cooling pipe body, a cooling water circulation and cooling device, a coating diameter control system, a cooling water pipe and a gas pipe. Several single-section cooling pipes are connected to each other by the gas intake connection devices. The outer wall of each segment of the cooling pipes is covered with a polystyrene foam thermal insulating layer, and the helium gas guiding device guides the gas within the pipe at a suitable guiding flow rate to achieve the optimal cooling effect.

Abstract: A glass for chemical strengthening contains, in mole percentage on an oxide basis, 58 to 72% of SiO2, 7 to 18% of Al2O3, 1% or more of B2O3, 0 to 4% of P2O5, 5 to 16% of Li2O, 0 to 7% of Na2O, 0 to 2% of K2O, 0 to 6% of MgO, 0 to 20% of CaO, 0 to 20% of SrO, 0 to 15% of BaO, 0 to 10% of ZnO, 0 to 1% of TiO2, and 0 to 2% of ZrO2. A value of X is 30000 or more. The value of X is calculated based on the formula, X=SiO2×329+Al2O3×786+B2O3×627+P2O5×(?941)+Li2O×927+Na2O×47.5+K2O×(?371)+MgO×1230+CaO×1154+SrO×733+ZrO2×51.8, by using the contents in mole percentage on an oxide basis of components.

Abstract: A glass sheet includes, as represented by mole percentage based on oxides, from 55.5 to 80% of SiO2, from 12 to 20% of Al2O3, from 8 to 25% of Na2O, 2.5% or more of P2O5, and 1% or more of an alkaline earth metal RO (RO is MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO).

Abstract: Provided is glass with high temperature stability, a low coefficient of thermal expansion and a high mechanical strength, a light guide plate including the glass to replace the conventional PMMA and metal frame, and fabricating methods thereof. The glass according to the present disclosure is borosilicate glass containing 75˜85 wt % of SiO2, 5˜15 wt % of B2O3, 0˜5 wt % of Al2O3, R2O 1˜7 wt % where R is at least one of Li, Na and K, and <0.005 wt % of Fe2O3 and having the redox ratio 0.5 or more. This glass maintains luminance and has an excellent color difference reduction effect when used in a light guide plate.

Abstract: Alkali aluminosilicate glasses that are ion exchangeable to high compressive stresses, have fast ion exchange kinetics, and high intrinsic damage resistance. The glasses achieve all of the above desired properties either with only small amounts of P2O5 (<1 mol %) or without addition of any P2O5.

Abstract: A glass for pharmaceutical containers, which is resistant to delamination and has excellent processibility, is provided. The glass for pharmaceutical containers comprises, in mol % on an oxide basis, 69 to 81% of SiO2, 4 to 12% of Al2O3, 0 to 5% of B2O3, to 20% of Li2O+Na2O+K2O, 0.1 to 12% of Li2O, and 0 to 10% of MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO. The glass has a hydrolytic resistance of Class 1 in a test in accordance with the European pharmacopoeia.

Abstract: Polyphosphate glass microspheres (PGMs) are prepared using a polyphosphate coacervate. PGMs can be loaded with various therapeutic agents and can be used for various medical and dental procedures and treatments.

Abstract: Provided is a glass sheet with an antireflection film: containing a glass sheet, a first transparent high refractive index layer located on the glass sheet, a first transparent low refractive index layer located on the first transparent high refractive index layer, a second transparent high refractive index layer located on the first transparent low refractive index layer, and a second transparent low refractive index layer located on the second transparent high refractive index layer; having a haze after heating at 600° C. to 700° C. for 15 minutes being 0.4% or less; and having a visible light reflectance measured from the side of the second transparent low refractive index layer based on JIS R 3106 being 1.0% or less.

Abstract: A method of treatment using a beam of singly- and multiply-charged gas ions produced by an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) source of a glass material in which —the ion acceleration voltage of between 5 kV and 1000 kV is chosen to create an implanted layer of a thickness equal to a multiple of 100 nm; —the ion dose per surface unit in a range of between 1012 ions/cm2 and 1018 ions/cm2 is chosen so as to create an atomic concentration of ions equal to 10% with a level of uncertainty of (+/?)5%.

Abstract: Oil sands drill cuttings waste represents one of the most difficult challenges for the oil sands mining sector. Reducing the amount oil sands drill cutting waste sent to landfill offers one of the best solutions for waste management. The present disclosure provides cementitious formulations comprised of treated oil sand waste for use in geotechnical applications. The cementitious formulations include but are not limited to grouts, cement and controlled low strength materials (CLSM) and in these formulations the treated oil sand waste (TOSW) is used to replace conventional constituents such as some of the fly ash in concrete, some of the cement in grout formulations and some of the fly ash and cement in the controlled low strength materials. The treated oil sand waste is predominantly silicon dioxide (SiO2) which is produced using a process and system which separates water and oil from the solid waste, known as the thermos-mechanical cuttings cleaner (TCC).

Abstract: Cement retarders are based on blends of lignosulfonate compounds, borate compounds and gluconate compounds. The compounds are present in certain ratios that allow the retarders to operate at temperatures and pressures up to and exceeding about 176° C. and 152 MPa. The retarders may also be provided in liquid form, improving their suitability for use at offshore well-site locations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a copolymer, especially for use as a dispersant for solid particles, in particular for use as dispersant for mineral binder compositions, having a polymer backbone and side chains bonded thereto, comprising at least one ionizable monomer unit M1 and at least one side chain-bearing monomer unit M2, wherein the copolymer has a gradient structure in at least one section A in a direction along the polymer backbone with regard to the ionizable monomer unit M1 and/or with regard to the side chain-bearing monomer unit M2.

Abstract: A process of preparing a concrete mixture includes the following steps: (a) providing a nano-sized non-sand silica and water; (b) mixing the non-sand silica with the water to form a silica-water mixture; (c) mixing an acid into the silica-water mixture to form a treated water; (d) mixing Portland cement and the treated water for a time sufficient to wet the Portland cement with the treated water to form a Portland/treated-water mixture; (e) mixing aggregate and the Portland-treated-water mixture to form an uncured concrete; and (f) allowing the uncured concrete to cure to form a cured concrete.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hydraulically and chemically bonding refractory cement, which includes a caustic magnesia component having a BET specific surface area of at least 0.5 m2/g, and a carboxylic acid component, wherein the carboxylic acid component consists of at least one carboxylic acid that is only slightly water soluble and/or has a low dissolution rate in aqueous solutions, and which carboxylic acid component is capable of generating at least one soluble magnesium salt upon contact of the cement with water. Also disclosed is a corresponding refractory material containing the magnesia cement and to uses thereof for the manufacture of products useful in various industries.

Abstract: The present invention corresponds to a cement formulation based on sulfoaluminate comprising a specific Ye'elimite crystal proportion having enhanced mechanical resistance, setting and low CO2 emission features. A concrete obtained when mixing said formulation with water and gypsum is further described, having a superior performance at initial ages compared to concrete obtained from Portland cement.

Abstract: A method of making a refractory article having excellent high-temperature thermal shock resistance and creep resistance is provided. The method includes the step of providing a refractory composition primarily composed of chamotte having controlled particle sizes. The refractory composition may also include mullite, fused silica, calcined alumina and microsilica having controlled particle sizes, and further includes an aqueous colloidal silica binder. The refractory composition is then formed into a refractory article, which is dried and hardened.

Abstract: A sintered compact essentially consisting of zinc (Zn), gallium (Ga), silicon (Si) and oxygen (O), wherein a Zn content expressed in terms of ZnO is 5 to 60 mol %, a Ga content expressed in terms of Ga2O3 is 8.5 to 90 mol %, and a Si content expressed in terms of SiO2 is 0 to 45 mol %, and the sintered compact satisfies a condition of A?(B+2C) when the Zn content expressed in terms of ZnO is A (mol %), the Ga content expressed in terms of Ga2O3 is B (mol %), and the Si content expressed in terms of SiO2 is C (mol %), and has a relative density of 90% or higher. An object of this invention is to efficiently obtain an amorphous film having high transmissivity and a low refractive index without having to introduce oxygen into the atmosphere during film deposition by DC sputtering.

Abstract: A dielectric porcelain composition having a main component a perovskite compound represented by ABO3, and the perovskite compound at least contains Ti and a volatile element which forms a solid solution at a B site, and may also contain Zr. The dielectric porcelain composition contains the volatile element in an amount larger than 0 part by mol and less than or equal to 0.2 part by mol with respect to 100 parts by mol of a total of the Ti and the Zr, and has a ratio of an A-site element to the total of the Ti and the Zr of 1.00 or more and 1.04 or less as a molar ratio.

Abstract: A dielectric porcelain composition having a main component of a lead-free perovskite type compound at least containing Ba, Ca, Ti, and Sb, and having a Curie temperature Tc of 140° C. or higher.

Abstract: A method of preparation of an article having a sliding surface and comprising graphitic particles, comprises the steps of: i) impregnating open porosity in a porous body with a resin comprising graphitic particles; and ii) hardening said resin.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a cubic boron nitride polycrystalline material excellent in toughness. A cubic boron nitride polycrystalline material containing fine cubic boron nitride which is granular, has a maximum grain size not greater than 100 nm, and has an average grain size not greater than 70 nm and at least one of plate-shaped cubic boron nitride in a form of a plate having an average major radius not smaller than 50 nm and not greater than 10000 nm and coarse cubic boron nitride which is granular, has a minimum grain size exceeding 100 nm, and has an average grain size not greater than 1000 nm is provided.

Abstract: A 3D printing system includes a build material and an ink for patterning portions of the build material. The printing system further includes two or more susceptors, a first susceptor and a second susceptor. The first susceptor causes heating when exposed to microwave radiation at a first temperature. The second susceptor causes heating when exposed to microwave radiation at a second temperature. The first susceptor material is decomposable or oxidizable at a third temperature that is higher than the second temperature. The second susceptor is transparent to microwave radiation at the first temperature.