Abstract: Adhesive compositions and methods for bonding materials with different thermal expansion coefficients is provided. The adhesive is formulated using a flux material, a low flux material, and a filler material, where the filler material comprises particulate from at least one of the two components being bonded together. A thickening agent can also be used as part of the adhesive composition to aid in applying the adhesive and establishing a desired bond thickness. The method of forming a high strength bond using the disclosed adhesive does not require the use of intermediary layer or the use of high cure temperatures that could damage one or both of the components being bonded together.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a silicon carbide-based honeycomb structure, including a firing step of introducing extruded honeycomb formed bodies containing a silicon carbide-based component, together with firing members into a firing furnace, and firing the honeycomb formed bodies, to manufacture the silicon carbide-based honeycomb structure, wherein the firing members are formed by using a ceramic material containing 70 wt % or more of alumina, and the firing step further includes: an inert gas supplying step of supplying an inert gas to a furnace space of the firing furnace, and a gas adding step of adding a reducing gas to the furnace space.

Abstract: A method for enhancing optical properties of sintered, zirconia ceramic bodies and zirconia ceramic dental restorations is provided. The porous or pre-sintered stage of a ceramic body is treated with an yttrium-containing composition and sintered, resulting in sintered ceramic bodies having enhanced optical properties. The enhanced optical properties may be substantially permanent, remaining for the useful life of the sintered ceramic body.

Abstract: An apparatus as a countertop composter includes a container, a frame, a lid with holes that can be adjustably opened and closed. The container has a bottom wall, a side wall, an open top and a top edge defined by the side wall. The frame is configured to be coupled to and support the container. The container may be made of a resilient material. When the container is inverted, a force is applied onto the bottom of the container to remove the organic waste inside the container.

Abstract: A controlled-release solid nitride fertilizer from fly ash and a method for making are described. The fertilizer includes a nitrogen source including at least one solid nitride combined with at least one precipitation-inhibiting agent and with at least one moisture-retention agent, all compressed together to form a porous release structure that in contact with water releases ammonium ions as a nitrogen nutrient at a substantially uniform release rate over a selected release period and thereby maximizes nitrogen-use efficiency by plants.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a pesticide suspension composition including an aqueous fertilizer solution and a solid pesticide, wherein the composition includes from about 5 to about 70 wt % fertilizer and from about 0.1 to about 60 wt % pesticide based on the total composition, wherein the pesticide is a non-dissociating compound, and wherein the fertilizer concentration is selected to achieve a composition having a stable suspension of pesticide.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a fertilizer composition comprising a cannabidiol (CBD Oil), and/or a tetrahydrocannabinol (THC Oil) and/or hemp oil derivatives in combination with a superabsorbent polymer(s) (SAP's). The present invention also relates to methods of using and manufacturing said fertilizers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved nitrification inhibitor composition and its use in agricultural applications.

Abstract: A resulting extended bulk explosive and the process for preparing and blending oil shale particulate with bulk explosives is provided, whereby the extending bulk explosive reduces its detonation velocity. The process includes the proper preparation of oil shale granulates to gain different cost effects and performance levels with predetermined blending percentages. The oil shale granulates may be crushed, screened, dried and prepared for blending in accordance to the disclosure of the present invention.

Abstract: The present application generally relates to hypergolic hydrocarbon fuel compositions comprising a convenient fuel and a cycloheptatriene and/or its analogs, and methods of making and using the hypergolic hydrocarbon fuel compositions.

Abstract: A chain-reactive, heat-generating microcapsule comprises a first compartment including a first component and a second compartment including a second component. An isolating structure separates the first and second compartments. The isolating structure may rupture when heated above a normal ambient temperature and/or in response to a compressive force. The first component reacts with the second component to produce heat. The microcapsule may further incorporate a blowing agent that responds to heating. In some embodiments, a core within the first compartment comprises a blowing agent material that responds to the heat produced when the first and second components react. The microcapsules can be incorporated into a material comprising a heat-curable resin precursor such that heat generated by the microcapsules can be used to cure the resin precursor.

Abstract: This present disclosure relates to processes and apparatuses for toluene methylation in an aromatics complex for producing paraxylene. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to processes and apparatuses wherein a toluene methylation zone is integrated within an aromatics complex for producing paraxylene thus allowing no benzene byproduct to be produced. This may be accomplished by incorporating a toluene methylation process into the aromatics complex and recycling the benzene to the transalkylation unit the aromatics complex.

Abstract: An embodiment of this invention provides a method of effectively producing propylene by separating reaction products obtained by dehydrogenating propane-containing feedstock, using an adsorption process in lieu of conventional low-temperature separation processes.

Abstract: Disclosed are adsorption complexes that include 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and a metal coordination polymer network (MCPN), wherein the MCPN is a porous material, and the 1-MCP is adsorbed into the MCPN. Also disclosed are kits for containing 1-MCP that include the adsorption complex in a 1-MCP-impermeable package. Also disclosed are methods of releasing 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) from the kit that include the application of aqueous fluids, heat, and/or pressure.

Abstract: A process is presented for the purification of an olefins feed stream to a benzene alkylation unit. The process removes heavy aromatics in a two adsorbent unit system. The unit passes the olefins feed stream to a first adsorbent unit, while the second adsorbent unit is either in regeneration mode, or standby mode. The process switches the feed stream to the second adsorbent unit and displaces the fluid in the second adsorbent unit, while maintaining the flow of the purified feed stream to the benzene alkylation unit.

Abstract: A process is present for increasing the yields of 1,3 butadiene. The process includes recovering 1,3 butadiene from a cracking unit that generates a crude C4 stream. The 1,3 butadiene is separated and the remaining C4 process stream components are further reacted and dehydrogenated to generate 1,3 butadiene in a subsequent process stream. The subsequent process stream is recycled to recover the additional 1,3 butadiene.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the synthesis of fluorinated olefins, and in particularly preferred embodiments tetrafluorinated olefins having F on an unsaturated, non-terminal carbon, such as 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. The preferred processes of the present invention in accordance with one embodiment generally comprise: (a) reacting a compound of formula (I) X1X2??(I) with a compound of formula (II) CX1X2X3CX1?CX1X2??(II) to produce a reaction product comprising a compound of formula (III) CF3CHX1CH2X2??(III), and (b) exposing said compound of formula (III) to reaction conditions effective to convert said compound of formula (III) to a compound of formula (IV) CF3CZ?CH2??(IV) wherein X1, X2, and X3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, fluorine and iodine, provided that X1 and X2 in formula (I) are not both hydrogen and Z is Cl, I, Br, or F.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to catalyzed gas-phase dehydrochlorination of a pentachloropropane to form a tetrachloropropene with high selectivity and purity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a (hydro)(chloro)fluoroalkene by contacting a reagent stream comprising a hydrochlorofluoroalkane with a catalyst in a reactor to dehydrochlorinate at least a portion of the hydrochlorofluoroalkane to produce a product stream comprising the (hydro)(chloro)fluoroalkene and hydrogen chloride (HCl), wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of metal oxide catalysts, metal halide catalysts, zero-valent metal catalysts, carbon-based catalysts and mixtures thereof, and wherein (i) the catalyst is chlorinated prior to contacting it with the reagent stream comprising the hydrochlorofluoroalkane; and/or (ii) the contacting step is carried out in the presence of a HCl co-feed.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of 1234yf comprising (a) contacting 1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropene (1216) with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to produce 1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (236ea); (b) dehydrofluorinating 236ea to produce 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (1225ye); (c) contacting 1225ye with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to produce 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane (245eb); and (d) dehydrofluorinating 245eb to produce 1234yf.

Abstract: Methods for the manufacture of 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane from 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane and chlorine are disclosed. Improved methods are provided for the manufacture of 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene from 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane. Methods are also disclosed for the manufacture of 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene from 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane and chlorine and for the manufacture of 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene from carbon tetrachloride, ethylene, and chlorine.

Abstract: A polyfluoroalkyl allyl compound represented by the general formula: CF3(CF2)n(CH2CF2)a(CF2CF2)bCH2CH?CH2??[I] (n:0 to 5, a:1 or 2, b:0 to 3). The polyfluoroalkyl allyl compound is produced by reacting a carboxylic acid allyl adduct represented by the general formula: CF3(CF2)n(CH2CF2)a(CF2CF2)bCH2CHICH2OCOR???[II] (n, a, and b are as defined above, and R?: a C1-C3 alkyl group) with a transition metal. This method for producing provides a polyfluoroalkyl allyl compound used as a synthetic intermediate for a fluorine-containing alkylsilane compound that can remove free iodine derived from the raw material compound, before a hydrosilylation reaction is performed, without using a metal reagent having a high environmental impact, and that has excellent handling properties.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide electrolytic device of an embodiment includes: an anode part including an anode which oxidizes water or hydroxide ions to produce oxygen; a cathode part including a cathode which reduces carbon dioxide to produce a carbon compound, a cathode solution flow path which supplies a cathode solution to the cathode, and a gas flow path which supplies carbon dioxide to the cathode; a separator which separates the anode part and the cathode part; and a differential pressure control unit which controls a differential pressure between a pressure of the cathode solution and a pressure of the carbon dioxide so as to adjust a production amount of the carbon dioxide produced by a reduction reaction in the cathode part.

Abstract: An improved method of manufacture of a bisphenol comprises heating a monohydric phenol to a first temperature sufficient to melt the monohydric phenol; adding a carbonyl compound to 2.0-3.0 molar equivalents, based on the moles of carbonyl compound, of the monohydric phenol in the presence of catalytic amounts of an organosulfonic acid catalyst and a reaction promoter at a second temperature sufficient to maintain unreacted monohydric phenol in a molten state; increasing the temperature to a third temperature higher than the second temperature, and mixing for a time sufficient to produce the bisphenol in a yield of 80 to 100%, based on the amount of carbonyl compound; wherein mineral acids, Lewis acids, and ion exchange resins are not used. The method is applicable to the manufacture of 2,2-bis(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, a useful intermediate for the manufacture of bi-functional poly(phenylene ether)s.

Abstract: The subject invention pertains to myricanol derivatives, therapeutic compositions, and methods for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, in particular, neurodegenerative dieses associated with abnormal accumulation of protein tau.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing 1-[(1R,4R/S,8S)-10,10-dimethyl-7-methylene-4-bicyclo[6.2.0]decanyl]ethanone.

Abstract: Small molecule stimulators of steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family proteins are provided, as well as methods for their use in treating or preventing cancer. Also provided are methods for stimulating SRC family proteins in a cell.

Abstract: A method for producing highly pure p-toluic acid by a simple solid-liquid separation operation using as a raw material a substance inducible from a biomass resource and suitable for fermentation production by a microorganism is disclosed. The method for producing p-toluic acid includes: a dehydration reaction step of dehydrating Compound(s) (1)-(4), which are substances inducible from biomass resources and suitable for fermentation production by microorganisms; and a solid-liquid separation step of recovering a solid produced by this dehydration reaction by a simple solid-liquid separation operation.

Abstract: A catalyst for catalyzing transesterification of esters or esterification of fatty acids, the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of manganese (II) glycerolate, cobalt (II) glycerolate, iron (II) glycerolate, and any combination thereof. A method for transesterification reaction, includes: a) providing a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of manganese (II) glycerolate, cobalt (II) glycerolate, iron (II) glycerolate, and any combination thereof; b) adding the catalyst, one or more alcohols, and a composition comprising one or more esters to a reactor to form a reaction mixture; and c) stirring while heating the reaction mixture for reaction to form transesterification products.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of acrylic acid oligomer represented by formula (I): in which n is an integer ranging from 1 to 10, wherein the process comprises the step of heating acrylic acid at a temperature from 50° C. to 200° C. in the presence of a catalyst, water and at least one polymerization inhibitor. Formula (I) where n=0 is acrylic acid, the precursor for preparing the acrylic acid oligomer.

Abstract: A carboxylic acid is transvinylated with vinyl ester to give a vinyl ester product and the corresponding acid of the vinyl ester in the presence of a catalyst, at a temperature of 100° C. to 170° C. and a pressure of 2 bar abs. to 15 bar abs., wherein the vinyl ester, the carboxylic acid and the catalyst are supplied to a reactor, the transvinylation reaction is conducted, and, on the completion of the transvinylation, the vinyl ester product is separated from the reaction mixture by distillation, characterized in that the reaction mixture is decompressed in a decompression vessel, the gaseous phase obtained is condensed and recycled into the reactor without further purification, and the liquid phase obtained is freed of vinyl ester and corresponding acid with a first distillation, and the vinyl ester product is separated from the reaction mixture in a further distillation step.

Abstract: The metal-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of a lactone is a method of alkoxycarbonylating a ?-lactone, specifically 3-ethylidene-6-vinyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one. The method includes combining the ?-lactone with an alcohol in an organic solvent in the presence of a catalyst system that includes palladium or a salt thereof to form a reaction mixture, which is heated to 110-130° C. at a pressure of 20-50 bar for between 3-5 hours under flow of carbon monoxide gas. The product of the reaction is a substituted 2-octendioate diester. The alcohol may be methyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexanol, isobutyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, or phenol. The solvent may be toluene, acetonitrile, or tetrahydrofuran. The method may include adding an acid to the reaction mixture, which may be dilute (about 5 mol %) sulfuric or p-toluenesulfonic acid. The catalyst system may also include a phosphine ligand.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds found in Harderian gland secretions, a method of treating dry eye in a human comprising ophthalmically administering an effective amount of a compound, e.g. a lipid compound, found in Harderian gland secretions, pharmaceutical compositions comprising said lipid compounds, as identified by characteristic chemical data and mass spectra of said lipid compounds, said lipid compound in essentially pure form, and an ophthalmic vehicle comprising a therapeutic agent and a compound present in the secretions of the Harderian gland, e.g. a lipid compound, found in the secretions of the Harderian gland, e.g. a rabbit Harderian gland.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparation of trientine dihydrochloride (1) comprising reaction of protected triethylene tetramine with hydrochloric acid in an aqueous system to yield the dihydrochloride salt wherein the formation of inorganic impurities and undesired salts is controlled significantly.

Abstract: A compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having a formula I of: wherein Ar is an arylene or heteroarylene; R1 has a structure of: wherein W is an alkanediyl, alkenediyl, a carbonyl, or a combination thereof; X is —NR5—, wherein R5 is H or an alkyl, or —O—; and Y is optionally-substituted cycloalkyl, optionally-substituted cycloalkyl-substituted alkyl, optionally-substituted heterocycloalkyl, or optionally-substituted heterocycloalkyl-substituted alkyl; each R2 is the same or different and has a structure of: wherein Z is —NR6—, wherein R6 is H or an alkyl, —O—, —S—, or —CH2—; Z1 is (—CH2—)m wherein m is 0 to 5, or an alkenediyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; Cy is a 3-8-membered cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl ring; and each R4 is the same or different and is selected from hydroxy, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, or amino; and c is 0 to 5; and each R3 is the same or different and is selected from hy

Abstract: Disclosed are 2-phenyl-cyclopropylmethanamines which are selective 5-HT(2C) receptor agonists and are used in the treatments of diseases and conditions wherein modulation of 5-HT(2C) receptors provides a benefit, such as obesity and psychiatric disorders.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound useful as a synthetic intermediate for an anti-HIV agent having an integrase inhibitory activity, and a production method thereof, and a production method of an anti-HIV agent using the synthetic intermediate. Specifically, for example, a compound represented by the formula (2?): wherein R is a fluorine atom or a methoxy group, and R400 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl group, or a salt thereof, and a production method thereof, and a production method of an anti-HIV agent using the synthetic intermediate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel antioxidant inflammation modulators, including those of the formula: wherein the variables are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture comprising such compounds. Methods and intermediates useful for making the compounds, and methods of using the compounds and compositions thereof are also provided.

Abstract: Resins are provided including bisphenol M diphthalonitrile ether resin or bisphenol P diphthalonitrile either resin. Compositions are also provided, including a primary amine curative and the bisphenol M diphthalonitrile ether resin or the bisphenol P diphthalonitrile either resin. Further, polymerized products are provided of the bisphenol M diphthalonitrile ether resin or the bisphenol P diphthalonitrile either resin. In addition, a method of making a polymerized network is provided. A two component system is further provided, including a curative in one of the components and the bisphenol M diphthalonitrile ether resin or the bisphenol P diphthalonitrile either resin in the other component. In addition, a resin blend is provided, including a blend of at least two of bisphenol M diphthalonitrile ether resin, bisphenol P diphthalonitrile either resin, or bisphenol T diphthalonitrile ether resin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuously operated method for producing isocyanates by reacting the corresponding amines with phosgene. When changing the target production capacity starting from a starting state with a specified production capacity and ending with an end state with a different production capacity, the current excess phosgene at the time of the transition period between the starting state and the end state, the change of the amine mass flow beginning during said time, is at least equal to and preferably greater than the excess phosgene during the production period when the production capacity is in the starting state prior to the beginning of the transition period; and the average excess phosgene during the transition period is greater than the excess phosgene during the production period when the production capacity is in the starting state prior to the beginning of the transition period.

Abstract: A process to prepare polycarbamate comprising adding urea to a polyol in the presence of at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of compounds having the following formula MmZn; wherein M is a trivalent metal, and Z is an anionic functionality or a functionality capable of forming a covalent bond with M and wherein n times a valence number of Z equals X and m times three equals Y wherein the absolute value of X equals the absolute value of Y is provided. Also provided are a polycarbamate produced according to the process and a coating composition comprising the polycarbamate.

Abstract: Provided are crystalline ?, ?-disubstituted amino acids and their crystalline salts containing a terminal alkene on one of their side chains, as well as optionally crystalline halogenated and deuterated analogs of the ?, ?-disubstituted amino acids and their salts; methods of making these, and methods of using these.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of forming paracyclyophane containing disulfide functional group. The paracyclophane is prepared by adding 3,3?-dithiodipropionic acid (DPDPA) and N-ethyl-N?-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide (EDC) into 4-aminomethyl [2,2] paracyclophane. The present invention further provides a chemical film and a method of forming the same. The chemical film contains poly-p-xylylene with disulfide functional group and is formed on a substrate by a chemical vapor deposition process.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a method for producing carboxylic acid thioester, comprising reacting a compound represented by the following formula (I), carboxylic acid and thiol in the presence of a catalyst including at least one Group 2 metal compound. The production method is a production method which is simple in reaction operation, which places a small load on the environment and the human body and which enables carboxylic acid thioester to be catalytically obtained at a high yield even at a normal temperature and a normal pressure (25° C., 1 atm). In the formula (I), R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Provided is a compound activating ROR? gene, particularly a JC1 compound containing CGP52608 thiazolidinedione as a lead substance, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compound is a lipid accumulation inhibitor and applicable to the treatment of metabolic diseases or inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to vitamin D3 derivatives of the following formula, wherein each symbol has the same meaning as defined herein, and pharmaceutical or medical use thereof for treating metabolic disease, liver disease, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or cancer in a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: Small molecules comprised of azacyclic constrained sphingolipid-like compounds and methods of their synthesis are provided. Formulations and medicaments are also provided that are directed to the treatment of disease, such as, for example, neoplasms, cancers, and other diseases. Therapeutics are also provided containing a therapeutically effective dose of one or more small molecule compounds, present either as pharmaceutically effective salt or in pure form, including, but not limited to, formulations for oral, intravenous, or intramuscular administration.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds having the general Formula (I); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein the variables RA, RAA, subscript n, subscript q, ring A, X2, L, subscript m, X1, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, D and E have the meaning as described herein, and compositions containing such compounds and methods for using such compounds and compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising saroglitazar magnesium wherein the saroglitazar magnesium has a purity of greater than or equal to 99% by weight, and dimer compound of Formula (IV) present in an amount relative to saroglitazar magnesium less than about 0.3% by weight by area percentage of HPLC. The present invention also related to the process for the preparation thereof and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pyrazolidine derivatives and related compounds, methods of preparing said compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and combinations comprising said compounds and the use of such compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for the prophylaxis and treatment of medical conditions that can be affected by inhibiting lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), in particular LDHA and/or LDHB.