Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of treating and diagnosing muscular dystrophy. In some examples, the methods include treating muscular dystrophy by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an agent that alters the expression of at least one miR gene product, such as miRNA-124 and/or miRNA-29 thereby treating muscular dystrophy. In one particular example, the method of treatment includes administering an agent that decreases the expression or activity of miRNA-124. In another embodiment, the method of treatment includes administering a composition that includes one or more agents to decrease the expression and/or activity of miRNA-124 and one or more agents to alter the activity of miRNA-29 (increase or decrease). Also disclosed are methods of enhancing muscle regeneration, repair, or maintenance in a subject and methods of enhancing ?7?1 integrin expression. Methods of prospectively preventing or reducing muscle injury or damage in a subject are also disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure include methods and compositions for the renewal of cardiomyocytes by targeting the Hippo pathway. In particular embodiments, an individual with a need for cardiomyocyte renewal is provided an effective amount of a shRNA molecule that targets the Sav1 gene. Particular shRNA sequences are disclosed.

Abstract: An siRNA for specifically targeting a PMP22 mutant gene and a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating Charcot Marie Tooth disease, which includes the same, are provided. According to the present invention, it is confirmed that selective suppression of a PMP22 mutant allele by a non-viral delivery system of siRNA may improve demyelinating neuropathic symptoms of CMT in vivo, enhance a motor ability and increase a volume of muscle. Therefore, the siRNA may be used in a useful method for treating various dominantly inherited peripheral neuropathies including CMT.

Abstract: The invention relates to double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) compositions targeting the ALAS1 gene, and methods of using such dsRNA compositions to alter (e.g., inhibit) expression of ALAS1.

Abstract: This invention relates to long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), libraries of those ncRNAs that bind chromatin modifiers, such as Polycomb Repressive Complex 2, inhibitory nucleic acids and methods and compositions for targeting lncRNAs.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides engineered microorganisms, engineered biosynthetic pathways, methods of producing lipid compounds using genetically engineered microorganisms, and the products synthesized by those organisms. In particular, the disclosure provides genetically engineered microorganisms for the production of multi-methyl branched fatty acids (MMBFAs) and MMBFA esters (wax esters) derived from these fatty acids. In addition, the disclosure provides methods for producing acylglycerols with one of more of their acyl substituents being an MMBFA, and methods for producing alcohols derived from MMBFAs (fatty alcohols).

Abstract: Provided is a highly efficient ethanol-fermentative yeast having high efficiency in ethanol production without introducing a foreign gene. The highly efficient ethanol-fermentative yeast is a fermentative yeast that effectively produces ethanol from pentose and hexose and is deposited to NITE Patent Microorganisms Depositary under the accession number NITE BP-01962.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Brassica plants comprising mutant phosphatidylcholine:diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase encoding (ROD1) genes, ROD1 nucleic acid sequences and proteins, as well as methods for generating and identifying said plants and alleles, which can be used to plants with increased levels of C18:1 in the seeds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pathogen-resistant plants comprising a heterologous expression cassette, the expression cassette comprising a promoter operably linked to a polynucleotide that is complementary to, or mediates destruction, of a plant immunity suppressing sRNA of a pathogen, wherein the plant is less susceptible to the pathogen compared to a control plant lacking the expression cassette. Methods of making and cultivating pathogen-resistant plants are also provided.

Abstract: The subject invention includes methods and plants for controlling European corn borer, said plants comprising a Cry1Ab insecticidal protein and a DIG-3 insecticidal protein to delay or prevent development of resistance by the insect.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to novel methods and compositions for using engineered reprogramming factor(s) for the creation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) through a kinetically controlled process. Specifically, this disclosure relates to establishing combinations of reprogramming factors, including fusions between conventional reprogramming factors with transactivation domains, optimized for reprogramming various types of cells. More specifically, the exemplary methods disclosed herein can be used for creating induced pluripotent stem cells from various mammalian cell types, including human fibroblasts. Exemplary methods of feeder-free derivation of human induced pluripotent stem cells using synthetic messenger RNA are also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for manipulating molecular material are provided. In one aspect, for example, a method for manipulating molecular material may include positioning an uncharged needle structure in electrical proximity with a charged molecular material at a first locus in a liquid environment, charging the needle structure such that at least a portion of the charged molecular material becomes associated with the needle structure, moving the needle structure and the first locus relative to one another, and discharging the needle structure to disassociate the charged molecular material at a second locus.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method of biotransforming a carbohydrate of a raw material into a chemical, by cultivating Lactobacillus diolivorans in the presence of the raw material to produce a chemical substance, and isolating the chemical substance in the purified form, and the use of L. diolivorans in one of a series of biotransformation methods, wherein carbohydrates from at least two different carbohydrate sources of low purity are transformed into chemicals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and/or arachidonic acid (ARA) production by using Halophytophthora and Halophytophthora isolates that are suitable for EPA and/or ARA production. The disclosure of the present invention provides another choice for the industry to produce EPA and ARA that are good for human's health and promotes the industrial value of Halophytophthora.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for identifying anthocyanins with improved stability, color, or hue using a screening method, and producing anthocyanins with improved stability, color, or hue in, for example, host cells comprising one or more heterologous glycosyltransferase nucleic acid molecules and one or more heterologous acyltransferase nucleic acid molecules.

Abstract: Methods that may be used for the manufacture of the chemical compound (S)-norcoclaurine, (S)-norlaudanosoline, and (S)-norcoclaurine or [S]-norlaudanosoline synthesis intermediates are provided. (S)-Norcoclaurine, (S)-norlaudanosoline, and (S)-norcoclaurine or (S)-norlaudanosoline synthesis intermediates are useful as precursor products in the manufacture of certain medicinal agents.

Abstract: A glucose production method is characterized in that a cellulose raw material is decomposed using a mixture of a cellulolytic enzyme, and saliva or an activating auxiliary agent derived from biological saliva. The method achieves excellent glucose yield.

Abstract: An improved dry grind system and method for producing a sugar stream from grains or similar carbohydrate sources and/or residues, such as for biofuel production. In particular, a sugar/carbohydrate stream, which includes a desired Dextrose Equivalent (DE) where DE describes the degree of conversion of starch to dextrose (aka glucose) and/or has had removed therefrom an undesirable amount of unfermentable components, can be produced after saccharification and prior to fermentation (or other sugar conversion process), with such sugar stream being available for biofuel production, e.g., alcohol production, or other processes. In addition, the systems and methods also can involve the removal of certain grain components, e.g., corn kernel components, including protein, oil and/or fiber, prior to fermentation or other conversion systems. In other words, sugar stream production and/or grain component separation occurs on the front end of the system and method.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for the preparation of fidaxomicin by culturing Actinoplanes deccanensis in the culture medium of the invention wherein the fidaxomicin is produced in a yield of greater than 500 mg/L broth. The present invention also provides a whole broth extraction process for the isolation of fidaxomicin from the fermentation broth. The present invention also provides fidaxomicin having purity of greater than 97% area by HPLC.

Abstract: Methods for in situ drug screening are provided which involve culturing a host cell containing two nucleic acid sequences, the first nucleic acid sequence encoding a membrane-permeabilizing agent and the second nucleic acid sequence encoding a desired macromolecule under the operative control of an inducible promoter, to a selected cell density to produce a macromolecule. Thereafter the host cells are exposed to an environmental condition that induces the agent to disrupt the integrity of the cell membrane without complete lysis of the cell membrane, thereby allowing transport through the membrane of small molecular weight compounds. These resulting host cells are provided with a nutrient cocktail containing components that can transport through the disrupted cell membrane, e.g., an inducing agent that induces the tightly regulated promoter and metabolic requirements that permit expression of the macromolecule. Bacterial host cells that can be used in these methods are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of hybridizing nucleic acid probes to genomic DNA.

Abstract: Methods and kits for joining fragmented nucleic acid sequences together are provided, including performing an amplifying step including contacting a sample suspected of including a fragmented target nucleic acid with a pair of external primers and a pair of self-complementary internal primers, and generating a full length target nucleic acid. The methods can include performing an amplifying step, a hybridizing step, and a detecting step. Furthermore, kits are provided that are designed for the detection of a target nucleic acid sequence.

Abstract: Methods for multiplex amplification of a plurality of targets of distinct sequence from a complex mixture are disclosed. In one aspect targets are circularized using a single circularization probe that is complementary to two regions in the target that flank a region to be amplified. The targets may hybridize to the circularization probe so that 5? or 3? flaps are generated and methods for removing flaps and circularizing the resulting product are disclosed. In another aspect targets are hybridized to dU probes so that 5? and 3? flaps are generated. The flaps are cleaved using 5? or 3? flap endonucleases or 3? to 5? exonucleases. The target sequences are then ligated to common primers, the dU probes digested and the ligated targets amplified.

Abstract: Compositions, reaction mixtures, and methods for performing an amplification reaction, including multiplex amplification reaction, wherein the method comprises using one or more amplification oligomer complexes comprising linked first and second amplification oligomer members. In one aspect, the amplification oligomer complex is hybridized to a target nucleic acid, the target nucleic acid with hybridized amplification oligomer complex is then captured, and other components are washed away. Target sequences of the target nucleic acids are pre-amplified to generate a first amplification product. The first amplification product is amplified in one or more secondary amplification reactions to generate second amplification products.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems, methods, and compositions for performing molecular tests. In particular, the present invention provides methods, compositions and systems for generating target sequence-linked solid supports (e.g., beads) using a solid support linked to a plurality of capture sequences and capture primers composed of a 3? target-specific portion and a 5? capture sequence portion. In certain embodiments, the target sequence linked solid support is used in sequencing methods (e.g., pyrosequencing, zero-mode waveguide type sequencing, nanopore sequencing, etc.) to determine the sequence of the target sequence (e.g., in order to detect the identity of a target nucleic acid in sample).

Abstract: The present invention provides oligonucleotide constructs, sets of such oligonucleotide constructs, and methods of using such oligonucleotide constructs to provide validated sequences or sets of validated sequences corresponding to desired ROIs. Such validated ROIs and constructs containing these have a wide variety of uses, including in synthetic biology, quantitative nucleic acid analysis, polymorphism and/or mutation screening, and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for determining one or more nucleotides at one or more nucleotide positions of a polynucleotide sample, the polynucleotide sample comprising heterogeneous polynucleotides having different nucleotides at the nucleotide positions. The disclosed methods may be utilized to control for sequencing bias during sequencing of the polynucleotide sample. Suitable samples may include patient samples for use in diagnosing, prognosing, and treating the patient.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for determining at least one sequence of interest of a fetus of a pregnant mother. In various embodiments, the method can determine one or more sequences of interest in a test sample that comprises a mixture of maternal cellular DNA and mother-and-fetus cfDNA. In some embodiments, methods are provided for determining whether the fetus has a genetic disease. In some embodiments, methods are provided for determining whether the fetus is homozygous in a disease causing allele when the mother is heterozygous of the same allele. In some embodiments, methods are provided for determining whether the fetus has a copy number variation (CNV) or a non-CNV genetic sequence anomaly.

Abstract: The technology described herein is directed to the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of kidney fibrosis, e.g., chronic kidney disease.

Abstract: Methods for diagnosing and treating Müllerian Adenosarcoma that include detecting the presence of one or more of a mutation in an ATRX gene, and/or a Copy Number Variation (CNV) in a MYBL1, MDM2, HMGA2, and/or CDK4 gene.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of detecting melanoma. The methods comprises detecting a gain or loss of certain chromosomal regions that undergo copy number changes in melanoma.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the diagnosis or the prognosis of metastasis, relapse or recurrence in prostate cancer which comprises determining if the c-MAF gene is amplified in a primary tumor sample. Likewise, the invention also relates to a method for the diagnosis or the prognosis of metastasis, relapse or recurrence in prostate cancer, as well as to a method for determining the tendency to develop bone metastasis with respect to metastasis in other organs, which comprise determining the c-MAF expression level. Finally, the invention relates to the use of a c-MAF inhibitor as therapeutic target for treating the prostate cancer.

Abstract: Probes and primers are disclosed for detecting EBOV nucleic acid in a sample. Methods are also disclosed that utilize these probes and primers, wherein the methods can be used to detect an EBOV in a sample to identify a subject with an EBOV infection.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ionic liquid represented by the following chemical formula, [(CH3)3N(CH2)2OH]+[NH2(CH2)3CH(NH2)COO]?. The present invention provides an ionic liquid capable of dissolving cellulose within twenty-four hours.

Abstract: Provided are a hot work tool material having an annealed structure effective for producing a finer quenched and tempered structure when made into a hot work tool, and a method for manufacturing a hot work tool. A hot work tool material which has an annealed structure and which is used upon being quenched and tempered, wherein the hot work tool material has a composition that can be adjusted to a martensite structure by the aforementioned quenching, and ferrite grains in a cross-section of the annealed structure of the hot work tool material have, in an oversize cumulative distribution based on the cross-sectional area of the ferrite grains, a grain diameter distribution such that the grain diameter is 25 ?m or less as a circle equivalent diameter when the cumulative cross-sectional area is 90% of the total cross-sectional area. In addition, a method for manufacturing a hot work tool in which quenching and tempering is performed on the aforementioned hot work tool material.

Abstract: A method for cost effectively case hardening a component formed from a martensitic stainless steel material with a desired metallurgical condition for high temperature, high rolling contact fatigue, corrosion and spall initiation and propagation resistance bearing performance. The method describes a method to significantly reduce the carburization or carbo-nitriding process times for appreciable reduction in manufacturing cost. The Method includes the steps of: forming the component from a martensitic stainless steel material having an ASTM grain size of 9 or finer; and subjecting the component to one of a carburization and a carbo-nitriding treatment with significantly lower case hardening times for manufacturing cost-effectiveness.

Abstract: A shape memory alloy including a Ni—Ti based alloy is superelastic at temperatures of about ?40° C. to about 60° C. after being exposed to temperatures of about ?55° C. to about 85° C. A method of forming a memory shape alloy may include preparing a rod comprising a Ni—Ti alloy, drawing a wire from the rod, and treating the wire at a temperature of about 500° C. to about 550° C. for about less than 1 minute.

Abstract: A precious metal alloy includes palladium and rhodium for manufacturing jewelry pieces like jewelry, jewelry articles, bijouterie, watches and watch cases and/or writing utensils and/or a component thereof. The precious metal alloy used includes palladium in an amount of 40-60% by weight and rhodium in an amount of 40-60% by weight, and that the precious metal alloy used may include gold, platinum, ruthenium and/or iridium in an amount of between greater than 0 and 10% by weight, or alternatively in an amount of between 2% by weight and 5% by weight, or alternatively in an amount of 3% by weight. The corresponding amount of rhodium and/or palladium is then replaced by the aforementioned secondary alloy components, wherein the amounts of rhodium and palladium as well as of the provided aforementioned secondary alloy components complement substantially to 100% by weight.

Abstract: A titanium alloy having high strength, fine grain size, and low cost and a method of manufacturing the same is disclosed. In particular, the inventive alloy offers a strength increase of about 100 MPa over Ti 6-4, with a comparable density and near equivalent ductility. The inventive alloy is particularly useful for a multitude of applications including components of aircraft engines. The Ti alloy comprises, in weight percent, about 6.0 to about 6.7% aluminum, about 1.4 to about 2.0% vanadium, about 1.4 to about 2.0% molybdenum, about 0.20 to about 0.42% silicon, about 0.17 to about 0.23% oxygen, maximum about 0.24% iron, maximum about 0.08% carbon and balance titanium with incidental impurities.

Abstract: A titanium plate according to the present invention contains a predetermined amount of Fe and O with the remainder consisting of titanium and inevitable impurities, and has a grain microstructure of the ?-phase having a HCP structure. In the titanium plate, the total area in which ?-phase grains specified by a first angle (?) are included is a predetermined value of a ratio (P) or (R) and the total area in which ?-phase grains specified by a second angle (?) are included is a predetermined value of an area ratio (Q) or (S) in a (0001) pole figure of ?-phase grains, and the average value and the maximum value of an equivalent circle diameter in the ?-phase grains are respectively predetermined values.

Abstract: A titanium-based intermetallic alloy includes, in atomic percent, 16% to 26% Al, 18% to 28% Nb, 0% to 3% of a metal M selected from Mo, W, Hf, and V, 0.1% to 2% of Si, 0% to 2% of Ta, 1% to 4% of Zr, with the condition Fe+Ni?400 ppm, the balance being Ti, the alloy also presenting an Al/Nb ratio in atomic percent lying in the range 1.05 to 1.15.

Abstract: A treatment process for a zirconium alloy is provided. The process includes the following steps: a zirconium alloy ingot is prepared, the composition of which is: 0.40%?Nb?1.05%; traces?Sn?2%; (0.5Nb?0.25) %?Fe?0.50%; traces?Ni?0.10%; traces?(Cr+V) %?0.50%; traces?S?35 ppm; 600 ppm?O?2000 ppm, preferably 1200 ppm?O?1600 ppm; traces?Si?120 ppm; traces?C?150 ppm; the remaining being Zr and unavoidable impurities; the ingot undergoes at least one reheating and hot shaping step, and possibly a reheating and quenching step following a hot shaping step; optionally the hot-shaped ingot undergoes an annealing; the hot-shaped and possibly annealed ingot undergoes at least one cycle of cold rolling-annealing steps; the annealing of at least one of the cold rolling-annealing steps being performed at a temperature comprised between 600° C. and the lowest of either 700° C. or (710?20×Nb %)° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an Ni-based superalloy for hot forging, containing, in terms of % by mass, C: more than 0.001% and less than 0.100%, Cr: 11% or more and less than 19%, Co: more than 5% and less than 25%, Fe: 0.1% or more and less than 4.0%, Mo: more than 2.0% and less than 5.0%, W: more than 1.0% and less than 5.0%, Nb: 2.0% or more and less than 4.0%, Al: more than 3.0% and less than 5.0%, and Ti: more than 1.0% and less than 3.0%, with the balance being unavoidable impurities and Ni, in which the component composition satisfies the following two relationships: 3.5?([Ti]+[Nb])/[Al]×10<6.5 and 9.5?[Al]+[Ti]+[Nb]<13.0.

Abstract: New magnesium-zinc aluminum alloy bodies and methods of producing the same are disclosed. The new magnesium-zinc aluminum alloy bodies generally include 3.0-6.0 wt. % magnesium and 2.5-5.0 wt. % zinc, where at least one of the magnesium and the zinc is the predominate alloying element of the aluminum alloy bodies other than aluminum, and wherein (wt. % Mg)/(wt. % Zn) is from 0.6 to 2.40, and may be produced by preparing the aluminum alloy body for post-solutionizing cold work, cold working by at least 25%, and then thermally treating. The new magnesium-zinc aluminum alloy bodies may realize improved strength and other properties.

Abstract: High strength forged aluminum alloys and methods for producing the same are disclosed. The forged aluminum alloy products may have grains having a high aspect ratio in at least two planes, generally the L-ST and the LT-ST planes. The forged aluminum alloy products may also have a high amount of texture. The forged products may realize increased strength relative to conventionally prepared forged products of comparable product form, composition and temper.

Abstract: Steel for forging having high strength and superior machinability due to controlled cooling immediately after shaping by hot forging followed by tempering and having a lower specific gravity than ordinary steel for forging use, the steel containing C: 0.05 to 0.50%, Si: 0.01 to 1.50%, Mn: 3.0 to 7.0%, P: 0.001 to 0.050%, S: 0.020 to 0.200%, Al: 3.0 to 6.0%, Cr: 0.01 to 1.00%, and N: 0.0040 to 0.0200% and having a balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: Provided is a maraging steel excellent in fatigue characteristics, including, in terms of % by mass: C: ?0.015%, Ni: from 12.0 to 20.0%, Mo: from 3.0 to 6.0%, Co: from 5.0 to 13.0%, Al: from 0.01 to 0.3%, Ti: from 0.2 to 2.0%, O: ?0.0020%, N: ?0.0020%, and Zr: from 0.001 to 0.02%, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: The present invention provides a deformed part created by forming a coated metal sheet into a part, the coated metal sheet comprising a steel substrate, at least one face of which is coated with a metal coating deposited by dipping the substrate in a bath, said coating comprising between 0.2 and 0.7% by weight of Al, the remainder of the metal coating being Zn and inevitable impurities, wherein an outer surface of a metal coating of the deformed part has a waviness Wa0.8 of less than or equal to 0.43 ?m.

Abstract: An article comprises a body and at least one protective layer on at least one surface of the body. The at least one protective layer is a thin film having a thickness of less than approximately 20 microns that comprises a ceramic selected from a group consisting of Y3Al5O12, Y4Al2O9, Er2O3, Gd2O3, Er3Al5O12, Gd3Al5O12 and a ceramic compound comprising Y4Al2O9 and a solid-solution of Y2O3—ZrO2.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for the manufacture of a thin-film multilayered coating used in treating biomedical substrates and a coating in multilayered thin-film form (S/TiN/Ti/TiZr) to treat biomedical substrates used in surgical implants.