Abstract: A capture point calculating portion calculates a local maximum point of the intensity of reflection from power profile information. The maximum point calculated by the capture point calculating portion is used as a capture point at which a target object is captured. A capture region calculating portion calculates at least one or more capture regions, each including a capture point. If a plurality of capture regions are calculated, a capture region grouping portion determines whether or not to perform grouping of the capture regions based on a predetermined condition. An object determining portion determines the type of the object (for example, a large vehicle, a small vehicle, a two-wheel vehicle, and a pedestrian) based on the capture region obtained as a result of grouping.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a dispersive object in non-dispersive clutter comprising a multi-frequency radar, a signal processor which computes the elapsed time between when each frequency is transmitted and that same frequency is received and the dispersion statistics related to the several frequencies. A dispersion analyzer produces a dispersive object discrimination value which is compared with a threshold by which a detection is declared. The apparatus also utilizes dispersion statistics to differentiate between dispersive and non-dispersive radar returns in order to reject the non-dispersive signals and pass the dispersive signals to a signal integrator which increases the signal-to-clutter ratio thereby improving the probability of detection of subsequent target detection processes.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes a method that includes generating a decoded output signal that corresponds to reflected light received by a plurality of single photon avalanche diodes (SPAD) by removing ambient light from a plurality of SPAD array output signals. The removing of ambient light including synchronizing the plurality of SPAD array output signals by using a plurality of parallel time to digital converters, each time to digital converter outputting a synchronized SPAD array output signal, determining a plurality of flexible thresholds for each one of the synchronized SPAD array output signals, comparing current data on the synchronized SPAD array output signals with the respective ones of the flexible threshold in a filter, and outputting the first output signal.

Abstract: A proximity sensor for measuring the distance from an object contains a microwave oscillator providing, as an output signal, a transmission wave emitted toward the object as a free space transmission wave reflected by the object, the object being electrically conductive or having at least one electrically conductive surface, as a free space reflection wave and is received by the proximity sensor as a reflection wave. The reflection coefficient is determined from the transmission and reflection waves and is provided by the proximity sensor as a measure of the distance. The transmission wave is guided in a waveguide as a waveguide transmission wave and is injected into the waveguide with a wave mode which results in the waveguide transmission wave being separated at the aperture at the front end of the waveguide into the free space transmission wave and in the free space transmission wave propagating to the object.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling the transmission of power of request-response messages implemented by a system to prevent collisions between a first aircraft and a second aircraft. The method comprises measuring at least the value, referred to as the quality value, of a quantity representative of the reception quality of the transponder of the second aircraft and, implemented by the anti-collision device of the first aircraft, and a control step to control the transmission power of the radio-frequency signals carrying the request-response messages according to the quality value or values contained in the response messages sent by the transponder.

Abstract: A survey system including a multibeam echo sounder having a single projector array and a single hydrophone array constructs a multi-signal message and deconstructs a corresponding multi-signal echo to substantially simultaneously perform multiple survey missions.

Abstract: A measurement system and methods are disclosed. The system has intensity coding optics comprising a plurality of imaging channels with overlapping fields of view. The intensity coding optics are adapted to provide intensity coded information indicative of a position of one or more objects, wherein each of the imaging channels provides a difference in intensity verses an angular position of the one or more objects. The system also has an electromagnetic energy detector adapted to: (a) receive the intensity coded information, wherein the electromagnetic energy detector comprises a size larger than a spatial resolution of the intensity coding optics, and (b) output data from the electromagnetic energy detector; and a processing device adapted to receive the data and determine the position of the one or more objects.

Abstract: A range finder which irradiates a subject by emission of a light source, and receives reflected light from the subject so as to measure a distance to the subject, the range finder includes a plurality of light-source-driving circuits supplying a driving current to the light source when a light-emitting signal that controls the emission of the light source is input, wherein the light-emitting signal is output to one of the light-source-driving circuits, and each of the light-source-driving circuits has a different response speed to the light-emitting signal.

Abstract: A distance measurement device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a photoelectric conversion device which includes a light receiving unit, a charge storage unit, a charge discharge unit, and a gate electrode, a controller which controls an irradiation timing of pulse light having a pulse width which is sufficiently shorter than response time of the light receiving unit to an object and performs control to generate control pulse voltages having at least two kinds of phases based on the irradiation timing and to apply it to the gate electrode, a charge reading unit which reads a first and second charges stored in the charge storage unit according to the applications of the respective control pulse voltages having two kinds of phases as a first and second electrical signals, and a calculation unit which calculates a distance to the object based on the first and second electrical signals.

Abstract: A lidar-based apparatus and method are used for the solid state steering of laser beams using Photonic Integrated Circuits. Integrated optic design and fabrication micro- and nanotechnologies are used for the production of chip-scale optical splitters that distribute an optical signal from a laser essentially uniformly to an array of pixels, said pixels comprising tunable optical delay lines and optical antennas. Said antennas achieve out-of-plane coupling of light. As the delay lines of said antenna-containing pixels in said array are tuned, each antenna emits light of a specific phase to form a desired far-field radiation pattern through interference of these emissions. Said array serves the function of solid state optical phased array.

Abstract: A light scanner in accordance with the principle of the time of flight having at least one light transmitter (2) which transmits consecutive light pulses (3) into a measured zone (5) and having at least one light receiver (4) which receives the light pulses (3) reflected at an object (6) in the measured zone (5) and supplies them in the form of received electrical signals to a control and evaluation unit (7) which determines a distance signal representative of the distance (8) of the object (6) from the light scanner (1) while taking account of the speed of light between the transmission and reception of the light pulse (3), wherein the light receiver (4) has at least one single photon avalanche diode (9).

Abstract: Systems and methods for maintaining a health-related action database are disclosed. The method may include receiving first information corresponding to a health-related action of a first user on a first computing device; wirelessly transmitting the first information from the first computing device; receiving second information corresponding to a health-related action of a second user on a second computing device; wirelessly transmitting the second information from the second computing device; receiving the first information and the second information using a third computing device; and updating a database on the third computing device with the first information and the second information, where the first information comprises a description of the health-related action of the first user, and the second information comprises a description of the health-related action of the second user.

Abstract: An extremely small, simple, digitally controlled tracking device provides greater transceiver functionality by being programmable across a wide frequency range and various modulation formats with the same circuit components. Additionally, the programmable nature of the tracking device provides reliable scheduling functionality.

Abstract: Example embodiments include an aerial vehicle configured to establish a geo-fence. In particular, an aerial vehicle may include an inertial measurement unit, a GPS sensor, and vehicle controller circuitry that works together to establish a geo-fence based on an initial location. In an example embodiment, the aerial vehicle may establish a rectangular geo-fence and a wind direction based on received angular data, acceleration data, and location data. The rectangular geo-fence may include a minimum fence height, a maximum fence height, a fence length, and a fence width.

Abstract: A method for aligning visual-inertial odometry (VIO) and satellite positioning system (SPS) reference frames includes obtaining a plurality of range-rate measurements of a mobile platform from an SPS. The range-rate measurements are with respect to a global reference frame of the SPS. The method also includes obtaining a plurality of VIO velocity measurements of the mobile platform from a VIO system. The VIO velocity measurements are with respect to a local reference frame of the VIO system. At least one orientation parameter is then determined to align the local reference frame with the global reference frame based on the range-rate measurements and the VIO velocity measurements.

Abstract: A detection device is formed in a body of semiconductor material having a first face, a second face, and a cavity. A detection area formed in the cavity, and a gas pump is integrated in the body and configured to force movement of gas towards the detection area. A detection system of an optical type or a detector of alpha particles is arranged at least in part in the detection area.

Abstract: A monitoring assembly and method to measure selected properties of water or other amorphous medium, including a carrier suitable for immersion in the medium and a sorbent module, held by the carrier and capable of being exposed to medium of interest, having at least one sorbent material capable of capturing at least a first, target item and a second, reference item from the medium during a sampling period. Preferably, a sensor module measures at least one parameter that is associated with the sampling period for the sorbent module.

Abstract: Disclosed in an alpha particle detection apparatus using a dual probe structured ionization chamber and a differential amplifier, the apparatus including: an ionization chamber forming electric field thereinside by bias power applied to a surface thereof; a main probe unit absorbing ionic charges generated in an occurrence of alpha (?) decay in the ionization chamber; a guard ring unit absorbing leakage current generated between the ionization chamber and the main probe unit and flowing the leakage current to a ground; an auxiliary probe allowing surrounding noise to be introduced therein; first and second preamplifiers amplifying fine electrical signals to a predetermined magnitude; and a differential canceling a noise signal and outputting an alpha particle detection signal by amplifying a voltage difference between the preamplified electrical signals. As such, it is possible to effectively detect alpha (?) particles which are a type of radiation.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure, a method for manufacturing a scintillator panel, a three-dimensional structure, and a scintillator panel that enable the type and thickness of a substrate of the scintillator panel to be selected freely. The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure, by which a three-dimensional structure is obtained by forming a glass pattern on a base member and then separating the glass pattern from the base member.

Abstract: An integrated nuclear sensor includes a scintillator connected directly to the photocathode of a photomultiplier tube. The scintillator may be thermally fused to the photocathode. The scintillator can be supported within a scintillator housing by a potting layer that is formed from an elastomer. The scintillator can include a reflector or a reflective coating applied to the outside surface of the scintillator. The reflective coating can be a vapor deposition coating applied to the scintillator.

Abstract: To suppress a decrease in optical output of a scintillator. A scintillator includes a sintered body of 1 mm3 or less that contains a rare earth oxysulfide. In a composition image obtained by observing a cross-section of the sintered body under a scanning electron microscope, the sum of the number of oxide regions that contain at least one of a rare earth oxide different from the rare earth oxysulfide and an impurity metal oxide and the number of sulfide regions that contain at least one of a rare earth sulfide different from the rare earth oxysulfide and an impurity metal sulfide, which exist in a unit area of 500 ?m×500 ?m, is zero or more and five or less. Each of the oxide regions and the sulfide regions has a major axis of zero or more and 100 ?m or less.

Abstract: A radiometric measuring device includes a scintillator, at least one semiconductor photodiode, wherein the at least one semiconductor photodiode is optically coupled to the scintillator, a signal evaluation unit which is electrically coupled to the at least one semiconductor photodiode and is designed to determine a measurement variable on the basis of a measurement signal produced by way of the at least one semiconductor photodiode, and an interface. The radiometric measuring device can be coupled to at least one receiver by way of the interface for the purpose of interchanging data. The radiometric measuring device is designed to be supplied with electrical energy solely via the interface thereof.

Abstract: A radiation detector includes a Peltier device (electronic cooling unit) for cooling a radiation detecting element, and a heat releasing part of the Peltier device is in thermal contact with a cold finger (thermally conductive part). The cold finger is made of a material with higher thermal conductivity than that of the base, and penetrates the base. The heat from the radiation detecting element is conducted from the heat releasing part of the Peltier device to the cold finger, and is dissipated to an area outside of the radiation detector through the cold finger. As such, heat is efficiently dissipated from the radiation detecting element.

Abstract: TOF-PET detector systems, and methods for imaging photon-emitting samples using the detector systems, are provided. The TOF-PET detector systems use large-area photodetectors with extremely high time-resolution and an approach to data collection and analysis that allows for the use of inexpensive low-density scintillator materials. The TOF-PET detector systems are characterized by their ability to identify, on a statistical basis, the transverse and depth location of the first of the series of energy deposition events that are generated when a gamma photon enters the low-density scintillator material.

Abstract: Efficient techniques and devices for detecting, locating, tracking, and identifying radiation sources using a network of one or more detectors are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for calibrating an ionizing radiation detector, with the aim of determining a correction factor in order to establish an amplitude-energy correspondence. The invention first relates to a method for calibrating a device for detecting ionizing radiation, the detector comprising a semiconductor or scintillator detection material capable of generating a signal S of amplitude A upon interaction between ionizing radiation and the detection material, the method including the determination of a weighting factor at the amplitude A.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for characterizing the evolution of a sub-surface volume. The method comprises providing a first and second surveys of the reservoir with a first and second sets of seismic traces, constructing an analytic filter operable to shift one or more seismic traces in dependence of a model parameter; and performing an inversion to obtain estimates of the model parameter such that the analytic filter aligns said first survey and said second survey. The analytic filter may be a plane wave destruction filter, and be such that the model parameter is a function of the analytic filter and is not a function of one or more of said second set of seismic traces.

Abstract: Systems and methods to correct source responses and perform source deghosting of a pressure or particle motion wavefield recorded using near-continuous recording of seismic data along a vessel track with generalize source activation times. The methods and systems receive a near-continuously recorded seismic data and generate a near-continuous wavefield for approximately stationary-receiver locations. Time windows of different temporal lengths are applied to traces of the near-continuous wavefield in approximately stationary-receiver locations in order to compute common-receiver gathers. The common-receiver gathers are corrected source wavefield response and source ghost effects and are combined in weighted sums to generate broadband seismic data.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for marine geophysical surveying. An example system an electromagnetic source configured to emit an energy field into a body of water; a marine data acquisition node comprising: a base having a buoyancy such that the base is configured to float in a body of water; a geophysical sensor coupled to the base; a weight configured to anchor the marine data acquisition node to a water bottom; and a line connected between the weight and the base configured to prevent the base from floating to a surface of the body of water.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for performing marine geophysical surveys that utilize a streamer having variable stiffness. An embodiment discloses a sensor streamer comprising: an outer surface; tension members within the outer surface extending along a length of the sensor streamer; spacers disposed within the outer surface along the length of the sensor streamer; a geophysical sensor disposed in an interior of one of the spacers; and an actuator assembly configured to apply tension to the tension members.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods for monitoring, positioning, and/or guiding a plurality of seismic nodes on or near the seabed by a plurality of acoustic pinging devices coupled to a deployment line and at least one surface buoy. The acoustic pinging devices are configured to emit a unique ID that may be detected by a receiver or transceiver located on each of the surface buoys. The acoustic pinging devices may be coupled to each node or only to a portion of the plurality of nodes (such as every two, three, or four nodes). The monitoring system may be configured to identify the ID, position, depth, and height of each seismic node during travel to the seabed and upon node touchdown with the seabed. A guidance system may be configured to guide the deployment of the deployment cable based upon node position data determined by the monitoring system.

Abstract: A system and method for geophysical data collection, for use with resistivity and induced polarization. The system and method include the use of a single voltage reference wire to which all voltage recorders or nodes are connected by means of a piercing wire connector, the voltage recorders providing a measurement of the potential voltage between the reference wire and the ground and allowing for calculation of relative voltage potentials between adjacent recorders.

Abstract: An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for detecting buried assets includes a chassis, a global navigation receiver and processor, an electromagnetic locator device (ELD), and a processor for receiving a first data structure that represents a two dimensional area comprising a buffer zone at an above-surface location, wherein the buffer zone corresponds to a particular buried asset sought by the UAV, navigating towards the buffer zone and executing a detection process for storing a plurality of buried asset data points, and transmitting the buried asset data points.

Abstract: An electromagnetic sensing system operates either in land environments or in marine environments on the floor of a body of water to measure electromagnetic fields. The sensing system has electrodes that provide capacitive coupling to the local environment where measurements are being made. A new method of deployment in water provides considerable size and weight reductions. The size and weight reductions also facilitate deployment and rapid repositioning on land. The system is particularly beneficial for surveying sites adjacent to bodies of water.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for determining at least one parameter of interest of an earth formation. Methods include using at least one transmitter to initiate at a single location in the formation a first electromagnetic signal at a first frequency and a second electromagnetic signal at a second frequency different than the first frequency for propagation through the formation; receiving the first electromagnetic signal propagating through the formation and the second electromagnetic signal propagating through the formation at a single receiver non-collocated with the at least one transmitter; estimating a relative phase shift of the second electromagnetic signal relative to the first electromagnetic signal; estimating a relative attenuation of the second electromagnetic signal relative to the first electromagnetic signal; using the relative attenuation and the relative phase shift to estimate a parameter of interest of the formation. The receiver may be unsynchronized with respect to the transmitter.

Abstract: According to aspects of the present disclosure, an example downhole tool may include tool body, a first pad radially extendable from the tool body, and a radial array of conformable sensors coupled to the first pad. At least one conformable sensor of the radial array of conformable sensors may include a first flexible material. A transmitter may be coupled to one of the tool body and the first flexible material, and a receiver may be coupled to one of the tool body and the first flexible material. At least one of the transmitter and the receiver may be coupled to the first flexible material.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an apparatus and a system, as well as a method and article of manufacture, may operate to receive sensor information from a series of sensors coupled to a spiral-shaped optical fiber, wherein the sensor information comprises a signal integrating at least a location of one or more of the sensors along the optical fiber, and a physical parameter measurement. Further activity may include determining a physical property of material in a geological formation based on the physical parameter measurement. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are generally related to compensation of magnetic data, and, in particular, to a system and method for compensation of magnetic data as collected during autonomous underwater vehicle mapping surveys.

Abstract: Optomechanical device for actuating and/or detecting movement of a mechanical element, in particular for gravimetric detection. It includes a support with a mechanical element anchored to the support which is designed to move relative to the element, and a device for actuating and/or detecting movement or of variations in frequency of movement of the element. A portion of the device is arranged beneath at least part of the element, between the element and the support. The device includes a fixed optical device with at least one optical waveguide arranged beneath all or part of the element at a determined distance from the element, and which is designed to propagate at least one optical wave having a given wavelength designed to interact with the element. The optical waveguide is at a determined distance from the mechanical element so that the evanescent field of the optical waveguide interacts with the mechanical element.

Abstract: A technique includes acquiring dry condition and wet measurements using an optical spectrometer for a plurality of lamp intensities. The technique includes determining candidate maximum optical densities as a function of the lamp intensities based at least in part on a reference measurement that is acquired by the spectrometer, the reference measurement and does not vary with respect to the lamp intensities. The technique includes determining an optical density linear dynamic range based at least in part on the candidate maximum optical densities.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods, and systems related to a thin-layer spectroelectrochemistry cell; electrically coupling a second end of a working electrical wire lead, a second end of a counter electrical wire lead, and a second end of a reference electrical wire lead to a potentiostat; introducing a conductive fluid into a cell body in the spectroelectrochemistry cell; introducing a detection species into the cell body; introducing a sample into the cell body; applying a voltage potential across the transparent sample window to drive an electrochemical reaction between the detection species and the sample in the transparent sample window fluid; transmitting electromagnetic radiation into an optical path through the transparent sample window, thereby optically interacting the electromagnetic radiation with the transparent sample window fluid to generate modified electromagnetic radiation; receiving the modified electromagnetic radiation with a detector; and generating an output signal corresponding to a characteristic of

Abstract: A canister for housing a balloon and a radiosonde to be released into the atmosphere includes a case, a balloon detaching mechanism, and a gas passage. The case includes first to third housing chambers arranged side by side in a horizontal direction. The first to third housing chambers are in communication with one another in an upper part of the case. The balloon detaching mechanism is connected to the balloon and is configured to detach the balloon when the balloon is released. The gas passage introduces a gas into the balloon to inflate the balloon. The balloon detaching mechanism and the gas passage are housed in the second housing chamber disposed between the first housing chamber and the third housing chamber. The first housing chamber houses the radiosonde connected to the balloon via a rope. The third housing chamber houses part of the balloon connected to the balloon detaching mechanism.

Abstract: A preferred embodiment of the present invention can provide an optical material composition that includes an episulfide compound that is represented by formula (1) and a polymerizable compound that is different from the episulfide compound that is represented by formula (1). The optical material composition makes it possible to stably and inexpensively store the polymerizable compound and to achieve an optical material that has a favorable hue and that has favorable lightfastness and transparency. (In the formula, m is an integer from 0 to 4, and n is an integer from 0 to 2.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of manufacturing an optical sheet, including: (S1) forming a single layer by feeding a curable resin composition, (S2) obtaining the single layer having a transferred nanopattern on a surface thereof by passing the single layer formed in (S1) through a release mold having a nanopattern having a pitch of 50 to 500 nm and an aspect ratio of 1.0 to 5.0, and (S3) curing the single layer having the transferred nanopattern obtained in (S2).

Abstract: An optical element includes an optical surface having a multilayer film. The multilayer film comprises a stack that includes a first film having a first refractive index for a used wavelength and a second film having a second refractive index for the used wavelength smaller than the first refractive index. Outermost layers of the stack are configured by the first films. A film configuration of the stack has symmetry along with a stack direction. The predetermined conditional expressions are satisfied.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a low-emissivity coating film, a method for manufacturing the same, and a functional construction material for windows and doors including the same, wherein the low-emissivity coating film includes: a base; a low-emissivity coating layer; and an uppermost coating layer, the uppermost coating layer having a multilayer structure sequentially including, from the low-emissivity coating layer, a metal layer, a metal oxide layer and a metal oxynitride layer.

Abstract: A refractive index device and method of making it include obtaining a glass structure comprising a plurality of nucleation sites. The glass structure is formed from a glass composition that comprises a first chemical component and a second chemical component. A crystal of the second chemical component has a different second refractive index from a first refractive index of the first chemical component. Each nucleation site defines where a crystal of the second chemical component can be grown. The method includes causing crystals of the second chemical component to grow in situ at a set of the plurality of nucleation sites in order to produce a spatial gradient of a refractive index in the glass structure.

Abstract: An optical element includes a light transmitting substrate which includes a first surface having strip-shaped prisms arranged parallel to each other. In a direction along which the prisms are arranged, a side of each prism close to a center of the light transmitting substrate has a refractive surface; from an end of the refracting surface close to a center of the light transmitting substrate to another end of the refracting surface close to an edge of the light transmitting substrate, the refracting surface inclines gradually along a direction away from the first surface. From the prism nearest to the center of the light transmitting substrate to the prism farthest to the center of the light transmitting substrate, an angle between the refracting surface and a normal of the first surface is gradually increased. A light guide plate, a prism, a backlight module and a display device are further provided.

Abstract: To provide a metal gloss design member provided with a light reflection film such as a silver thin film having satisfactory weather resistance even in outdoor use. A silver coating film 10 provided at least with a silver thin film 14 and with a topcoat layer 16 formed on the outer side in the stacking direction relative to the silver thin film 14 is formed on a substrate 3 and then the topcoat layer 16 has ultraviolet absorbability.

Abstract: A mirror substrate includes a transparent substrate, a plurality of first mirror patterns arranged on the transparent substrate and spaced apart from each other, each of the first mirror patterns including a phase compensation layer and a first mirror layer sequentially stacked on the transparent substrate, and a second mirror layer disposed on the transparent substrate and between neighboring ones of the first mirror patterns, the second mirror layer having a second thickness less than a first thickness of the first mirror layer.