Abstract: Provided is a resin composition that, according to one embodiment, contains a (meth)acrylic copolymer (A), a polycarbonate-based resin (B), an ultraviolet absorber (C), and an antioxidant (D), the (meth)acrylic copolymer (A) containing 5-85% by mass of (meth)acrylate units (a) represented by general formula (1) and 15-95% by mass of methyl (meth)acrylate units (b), wherein the resin composition contains 0.1-1.5 parts by mass of (C) and 0.05-1.0 part by mass of (D) per 100 parts by mass of the resin component containing (A) and (B).

Abstract: A polyurethane foam, a polyurethane/polyorganosiloxane foam, and a polyurethane foam polyurethane/polyorganosiloxane foam material are disclosed and described herein. The materials are formed in the presence of a polymerization reaction initiator (an isoprenoid compound), and a polymerization reaction accelerator. The polyurethane foam is formed from an isocyanate and a polyol. The polyurethane foam polyurethane/polyorganosiloxane foam material comprises the polyurethane foam which is cross-linked to the polyurethane backbone to a polyurethane/polyorganosiloxane foam. Optional gelling agents, emulsification control agents, reinforcement fillers, cross-linkers, reinforcement polymers, rubber reinforcers, silk proteins, emollients, stabilizers and colorants are also described. The polyurethane and polyurethane-polyorganosiloxane foam materials exhibit a high degree of flexibility, resilience and excellent impact absorption.

Abstract: Provided are cold process formulation aids (CPFAs), methods for their manufacture, and personal care products made using them. CPFAs include (i) a polymer having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable groups, or pendant groups having at least one permanent dipole that includes an acid, alcohol, thiol, ester, amine, amide, imide, imine, or nitrile moiety, and (ii) a wax selected from natural waxes and synthetic waxes, wherein if the wax is not micronized and is not self-emulsifying, the ratio, by weight, of the non-micronized wax to the polymer having an aliphatic backbone is from about 60:40 to 80:20, and if the wax is a micronized wax or a self-emulsifying wax, the ratio, by weight, of wax to polymer backbone is 70:30 to 98:2.

Abstract: A method for producing an asphaltic sheet having expandable graphite dispersed in one or more asphaltic components thereof, the method comprising: (i) preparing a masterbatch by combining asphalt binder and polymeric modifier at a first temperature; (ii) cooling the masterbatch to a second temperature, where the second temperature is lower than the first temperature; (iii) adding, after said step of cooling, expandable graphite to the masterbatch to thereby form an asphaltic composition including expandable graphite; and (iv) fabricating a sheet with the asphaltic composition including expandable graphite.

Abstract: The invention comprises a product comprising a continuous phase comprising water and a discontinuous phase comprising an asphalt composition and a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer. A method for using the composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: A lignin derivative that is extracted from biomass and is used for rubber reinforcement or for use in a molding material is provided. Such a lignin derivative has a number average molecular weight of 300 to 2,000, and contains a component that is soluble in a polar organic solvent, in an amount of 80% by mass or more. When such a lignin derivative is incorporated, a lignin resin composition, a rubber composition, or a molding material, all of which have excellent low hysteresis loss characteristics, elastic modulus, or tensile properties, can be obtained. Furthermore, when a component that is thermofusible is used as the soluble component, a lignin resin composition, a rubber composition, or a molding material, all of which have superior aforementioned characteristics, can be obtained.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making carbon black having increased surface area, reduced grit and/or reduced extract levels. A plasma gas is flowed into a plasma forming region to form a plasma. The plasma then flows through a throat region which is narrower than the plasma forming section, which is connected to a separate carbon black forming region. This causes the plasma to accelerate and become turbulent prior to the exit point in the throat region. The carbon black forming feedstock is injected into the turbulence created by the throat region at a point above, at or near the exit point, resulting in the formation of a carbon black in the separate carbon black forming region. The throat region and/or injector region can be cooled, e.g., water plasma gas cooled.

Abstract: The present invention is a composition and method for making and using a rechargeable multifunctional additive that reduce the formation of biofilms on a surface, the additive can also remain photo and thermally stable by synthesizing one or more N-halamine compounds and adding one or more N-halamine biocidal compounds to a target material prior, during or after the target material is made. The resultant material can be used directly to provide antimicrobial functions and control biofilm formation, or the material can be further processed into an article.

Abstract: In an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water/oil repellent coating film, the water/oil repellent coating film being formed on a surface of a solid object, wherein the water/oil repellent coating film is terminated with a group expressed by chemical formula (A) and a three-dimensional crosslinking structure of siloxane bond is formed.

Abstract: A silicon based coating composition for a wide range of surfaces, which composition is formed from a mixture of constituents comprising appropriate portions of silazane, siloxane, and silane, and optionally organic solvent and additives, and the composition results in a coating having a thickness between 0.4 mil and 1.5 mil, a hardness of 4-9H and an endurance to continuous temperature above 1600° F.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising i) particles comprising a conductive polymer, ii) metal nanowires, and iii) at least one solvent, wherein at least one of the following conditions is satisfied: ?1) the particles comprising the conductive polymer are characterized by a weight average particle diameter of less than 100 nm; ?2) the content of cations of the metal on which the metal nanowires ii) are based is below 500 ppm, based on the total weight of the composition; ?3) the composition comprises, in addition to component iii), at least one high-boiling solvent that is miscible with the at least one solvent iii) and that has a boiling point (determined at 1013 mbar) of more than 100° C.

Abstract: An anti-fogging coating composition comprises a dopamine, a hydrophilic polymer, a plurality of inorganic oxide particles, and a solvent. The dopamine reduces film forming time of an anti-fogging coating. An anti-fogging film using the anti-fogging coating composition, and a transparent article using the anti-fogging film are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lens care solution having 0.001 to about 5 weight percent of a low molecular weight amine of the general formula: where R1, R2, R3 and R4 are —H or low molecular weight radicals, and R5 is a low molecular weight radical, or salt thereof; an effective amount of a tonicity agent; and the balance water.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive film forming composition which makes it possible to prepare an organic thin film transistor having excellent insulation reliability while inhibiting the deterioration of mobility and has excellent coating properties and provides a conductive film and an organic thin film transistor which are prepared using the composition. The present invention also provides electronic paper and a display device which contain the organic thin film transistor and wiring board which has wiring formed using the conductive film forming composition. The conductive film forming composition according to the present invention contains water, conductive particles, and a migration inhibitor containing a compound having a group represented by Formula (1). In Formula (1), W1 represents any one of a hydrogen atom, Formula (A), Formula (B), and Formula (C). In Formula (1), R1, R2, R3, and R4 each independently represent any one of a hydrogen atom, a substituent, and W2.

Abstract: Colorless coatings can be ink jetted onto part or all of colored images as spaced colorless drops to provide a colorless image over at least 50% of colored areas of the colored image and on a predetermined areal percentage of non-colored areas of the colored image. The aqueous colorless inkjet ink composition has a viscosity of less than 0.005 N-sec at 25° C., and comprises an anionic polyether polyurethane and an anionic acrylic or styrene-acrylic polymer, each having an acid number of at least 50, and such polymeric materials are present in unique amounts. Use of the aqueous colorless inkjet ink composition can be adjusted to provide increased gloss on the colored image in either or both of the colored area or non-colored areas.

Abstract: An active energy ray image forming apparatus containing a head, a heating mechanism disposed inside the head, and a storing part configured to accommodate a non-polymerizable synthetic resin and a mono-functional monomer containing a single unsaturated ethylene double bond. An active energy ray image forming apparatus, containing a head, a heating mechanism disposed inside the head, and a storing part configured to accommodate a non-polymerizable synthetic resin and a mono-functional monomer containing a single unsaturated ethylene double bond, where the heating mechanism is heated to 60° C. when ink is discharged.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are polymers, which can be incorporated in pigment dispersions and inkjet ink compositions, comprising first monomers selected from ethylenically unsaturated hydrophobic monomers, and second monomers selected from maleic anhydride, maleic acid, and salts, esters, imides, and amides thereof. The polymers can have a portion of the second monomers functionalized with at least one organic group having a calcium index value greater than or equal to a calcium index value of phenylphosphonic acid. Additionally and/or alternatively, the at least one polymer can be crosslinked via the second monomers. Dispersions and inkjet ink compositions comprising such polymers can also further comprise at least one pigment and a liquid vehicle. Also disclosed are methods of making such polymers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous reaction liquid comprising a salt, a first surfactant being an amphoteric surfactant and a second surfactant being a non-ionic surfactant, preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrophilic silicones (such as polyalkylene oxide modified silicones/polyether modified silicones), alkoxylated alcohols, fluorosurfactants, polyether modified silicone surfactants and polyethyleneoxides. Reaction liquids according to the present invention show improved spreading on print substrates when applied, which is beneficial when the reaction liquid is applied by an ink jet method. The present invention further pertains to an ink set comprising such a reaction liquid and a method of printing using such an ink set.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of materials technology and provides a modified nano-silica and a method for preparing the same, a pigment dispersion and a photosensitive resin composition, so as to solve the problem that conventional nano-silica cannot crosslink with other polymeric materials, and pigment dispersions are apt to aggregate and have a poor film-forming property. The modified nano-silica according to the invention has unsaturated double bonds on the surface thereof and can crosslink with other polymeric materials, such that the pigment dispersion comprising the modified nano-silica can effectively prevent agglomeration and has a good film-forming property, and the photosensitive resin composition comprising the pigment dispersion can reduce the thermal expansion of a film made thereby, as well as the occurrence of shrinkage and collapse phenomena in the surface of the film, and enhance the heat-resistance, chemical-resistance, mechanical properties and abrasion-resistance of the film.

Abstract: A fluorinated compound represented by D1-Rf1—O—CH2—(CmF2mO)n-A (wherein D1 is CF3— or CF3—O—, Rf1 is a C1-20 fluoroalkylene group containing at least one hydrogen atom, a C2-20 fluoroalkylene group containing at least one hydrogen atom and having an etheric oxygen atom between carbon-carbon atoms, etc., m is an integer of from 1 to 6, n is an integer of from 1 to 200, and A is a monovalent organic group having at least one (meth)acryloyl group), which is capable of imparting excellent antifouling properties (oily ink repellency, fingerprint stain removability) and lubricity to e.g. a hard coat layer; a hard coat layer-forming composition which contains such a fluorinated compound; and an article having a hard coat layer formed from such a composition.

Abstract: A compound for imparting water repellency and optionally stain release to substrates wherein the compound is prepared by (i) reacting (a) at least one isocyanate group-containing compound selected from isocyanate, diisocyanate, polyisocyanate, or mixture thereof, and (b) at least one isocyanate-reactive compound selected from formula (Ia), (Ib), or (Ic):

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin composition including: nanoparticles (A) of alumina and/or boehmite having an average particle size of 1.0 nm to 100 nm; fine particles (B) having an average particle size of 0.20 ?m to 100 ?m; and a thermosetting resin (C), wherein the nanoparticles (A) have their surfaces treated with a polysiloxane-based modifier.

Abstract: The present application discloses a one-part room temperature vulcanizable (RTV) poly(diorganosiloxane) composition for a silicone elastomer air-water barrier coating for a building envelope; a method of preparing a silicone elastomer air-water barrier coating for a building envelope using such a composition and a building envelope prepared by such a method.

Abstract: An abrasive particle-dispersion layer composite and a polishing slurry composition including the abrasive particle-dispersion layer composite are provided. The abrasive particle-dispersion layer composite includes abrasive particles, a first dispersant that is at least one anionic compound among a copolymer with a functional group of a resonance structure, a carboxyl group-containing polymer and a carboxyl group-containing organic acid, a second dispersant that is at least one cationic compound among an amino acid, an organic acid, polyalkylene glycol and a high-molecular polysaccharide coupled to a glucosamine compound, and a third dispersant that is a cationic polymer including at least two ionized cations in a molecular formula.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a polishing composition which can polish an object to be polished containing oxygen atoms and silicon atoms at high polishing speed, and can reduce generation of scratches on a surface of the object to be polished. A polishing composition used for polishing an object to be polished containing oxygen atoms and silicon atoms, the polishing composition including: abrasive grains A having an average primary particle size of 3 nm or more and 8 nm or less; abrasive grains B having an average primary particle size of more than 8 nm; and a dispersing medium, wherein a content of the abrasive grains B in the polishing composition is larger than a content of the abrasive grains A in the polishing composition, average silanol group density of the abrasive grains A and the abrasive grains B is 2.0 nm?2 or less, and an aspect ratio of the abrasive grains B is more than 1.3 and 2.0 or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a single-crystal silicon-carbide substrate provided with a principal surface having an atomic step-and-terrace structure containing atomic steps and terraces derived from a crystal structure, in which the atomic step-and-terrace structure has a proportion of an average line roughness of a front edge portion of the atomic step to a height of the atomic step being 20% or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a low application temperature hot melt adhesive. More specifically, the low application temperature hot melt adhesive comprises olefin copolymers with an average Melt Index greater than 5 but less than about 35 g/10 minutes at 190° C. The adhesive is particularly useful in the construction of nonwoven articles.

Abstract: Disclosed are a sealant composition and a method of preparing the same wherein the sealant composition comprises: 70-80 wt % of a low-viscosity epoxy acrylate conforming to the structure of Formula I, 0.5-1 wt % of a photoinitiator, 5-15 wt % of silica microspheres, 5-15 wt % of resinous elastic microspheres, and 1-2 wt % of silane coupling agent, based on the total weight of the sealant composition wherein R1 and R2 are as defined herein. The sealant has improved coating linearity.

Abstract: Problem to be solved of the present invention is to provide a hot-melt adhesive agent which is capable of applying at low temperature, has an excellent adhesiveness at low temperature, and a disposable product obtained by employing the hot-melt adhesive agent. Means for solving the problem is a hot-melt adhesive agent comprised of a thermoplastic block copolymer (A) which is a copolymer of vinyl class aromatic hydrocarbons and conjugated diene compounds, wherein the thermoplastic block copolymer (A) comprises a radial type styrene block copolymer having a styrene content of 35 to 45% by weight and a diblock content of 50 to 90% by weight, and having a viscosity at 25° C. as a 25% (by weight) toluene solution of not more than 250 mPa·s (A1).

Abstract: Provided is a waterborne adhesive composition comprising (i) an aqueous medium; (ii) one or more isocyanate compounds dispersed in said aqueous medium, and (iii) one or more functional silane compounds dispersed in said aqueous medium.

Abstract: Provided are: an antistatic agent and an antistatic agent composition which are capable of providing excellent antistatic effect in a small amount and have sufficient persistence and wiping resistance without impairing the intrinsic physical properties of a resin; and an antistatic resin composition and a molded article using the same. The antistatic agent includes a polymer compound (E) having a structure in which a diol, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, a compound (B) which comprises at least one group represented by the following Formula (1) and has hydroxyl groups at both ends, and an epoxy compound (D) having two or more epoxy groups are bound via ester bonds: —CH2—CH2—O—??(1).

Abstract: There are provided a composition for a heat cycle system containing a working medium for heat cycle that has a low global warming potential and high stability, which can be used as a substitute for HFC-134a and HFC-245fa, and a heat cycle system using this composition. The composition for a heat cycle system contains: a working medium for heat cycle containing 1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; and a stabilizer suppressing deterioration of the working medium for heat cycle such as an oxidation resistance improver, a heat resistance improver, or a metal deactivator, and the heat cycle system uses this composition for a heat cycle system.

Abstract: A nanofluid composed of a base fluid and a solid nanocomposite particle, where the solid nanocomposite particle consists of a carbon nanotube and a metal oxide nanoparticle selected from the group consisting of Fe2O3, Al2O3, and CuO. The metal oxide nanoparticle is affixed inside of or to the outer surface of the carbon nanotube, and the solid nanocomposite particle is homogeneously dispersed in the base fluid. The heat transfer and specific heat capacity properties of the nanofluid are measured using differential scanning calorimetry and heat exchanger experiments with different nanocomposite concentrations and different metal oxide percent loadings.

Abstract: A treatment fluid comprises: a base fluid; a lost-circulation material, wherein the lost-circulation material inhibits or prevents some or all of the treatment fluid from penetrating into a subterranean formation from a wellbore, wherein the wellbore penetrates the subterranean formation; and a suspending agent, wherein the suspending agent consists of a plurality of fibers, and wherein the suspending agent provides a lost-circulation material distribution of at least 30% for a test treatment fluid consisting essentially of the base fluid, the lost-circulation material, and the suspending agent at the temperature of a lost-circulation zone of the subterranean formation and static aging for at least 1 hour.

Abstract: A drilling fluid lubricant includes a crude tall oil product and a derivative of ricinoleic acid that is at least partially transesterified product. A modified drilling fluid includes a water-based drilling fluid in a range of from about 95 vol. % to about 99 vol. % and a drilling fluid lubricant in a range of from about 0.1 vol. % to about 5 vol. % of the fluid. The drilling fluid lubricant includes a crude tall oil product selected from the group consisting of crude tall oil, distilled tall oil, acid tall oil, fractionated tall oil, and combinations thereof. The drilling fluid lubricant also includes at least partially transesterified derivative of ricinoleic acid product. The product comprises at least partially transesterified derivatives of ricinoleic acid that combined are in a range of from about 88 mole % to about 99 mole % of the product.

Abstract: The invention relates to modified reinforcement fibers for use in a variety of applications. The modification includes crimping linear or straight reinforcement fibers to create a deformed or different shaped reinforcement fiber. Examples of the shaped fibers resulting from crimping include w-shaped, s-shaped, z-shaped and wedge-shaped.

Abstract: A downhole fluid comprises a base fluid, for example a hydrocarbon base fluid, and a gelling agent. The gelling agent has an aromatic core of one or more aromatic rings, the gelling agent having two or more amide branches distributed about the aromatic core, each of the two or more amide branches having one or more organic groups. An example gelling agent is a pyromellitamide gelling agent. The pyromellitamide gelling agent may have the general formula of: with R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 each being a hydrogen or an organic group. Methods of use and composition are discussed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of establishing a microbial plug in a hydrocarbon-containing geological formation which has been flooded with water. Also disclosed herein are methods of maintaining such plugs and methods of controlling alteration of the position and/or extent of an established plug. Disclosed herein are plugs such as microbial plugs.

Abstract: A method of depleting an ion from a water source is provided. The method is applicable to water used in oil recovery, water used in natural gas recovery, the treatment of water wells, and for water used in hydraulic fluids for fracturing processes, such as water to be used in proppants or fracking fluids. The method involves depleting an ion from a water source, said method comprising contacting a water source with a superparamagnetic or paramagnetic nanoparticle; complexing the ion with the particle; and removing the ion-particle complex by applying a magnetic field so as to provide a water source with depleted ion content. The depleted water can then be pumped into one or more connecting injection well(s) in an oil field pushing the crude oil towards one or more production well(s) thereby allowing for enhanced oil recovery from the production wells.

Abstract: Oil recovery processes from carbonate or sandstone reservoirs. With a carbonate reservoir, the reservoir is initially flooded with a fluid such as sea water. Then the same fluid containing a plurality of citric acid-filled microcapsules is injected into the reservoir. These microcapsules are left to incubate in the reservoir, which will then infiltrate the rock formations, degrade by heat and release the encapsulated citric acid. The released citric acid reacts with the carbonate rocks to produce CO2 in situ, which causes oil trapped in the rock formations to swell, reduce in viscosity and move towards to a nearby production well. For a sandstone reservoir, calcium carbonate can be also encapsulated with the citric acid for CO2 generation at the reservoir.

Abstract: Novel fracturing fluid compositions including a polymers system including a major portion of one synthetic hydratable polymer or a plurality of synthetic hydratable polymers, and a minor portion of one natural hydratable polymer or a plurality natural hydratable polymers, and an effective amount of a viscosifying system including one guanidine salt or a plurality of guanidine salts, where the effective amount is sufficient to increase the viscosity of the synthetic polymer system by 20% or more compared to fracturing fluids including only the synthetic polymer system and methods for making and using the compositions.

Abstract: The addition of at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of thiosulfate salts, sulfite salts, bisulfite salts, erythorbate salts, isoascorbate salts, and combinations thereof to an aqueous treatment fluid containing a viscosifying polymer and a peroxide helps to promote the activity of the peroxide as a breaker, thus facilitating a reduction in viscosity of the aqueous treatment fluid at lower temperatures than are possible in the absence of the promoter. The promoted aqueous treatment fluid is useful as a fracture fluid to fracture subterranean formations in oil and gas recovery.

Abstract: Methods including providing memory particulates having a compressed configuration and a decompressed configuration; providing a treatment fluid comprising a treatment base fluid and memory particulates in a configuration; introducing the treatment fluid into a subterranean formation comprising at least one fracture therein, so as to place the memory particulates in the at least one fracture in their compressed configuration; and expanding the memory particulates to the decompressed configuration, thereby mechanically interlocking the memory particulates and propping open at least a portion of the at least one fracture.

Abstract: Systems and methods that use far-field diverting agents and proppant pulsing to enhance fracture geometries in far field areas of a subterranean formation are provided. In one embodiment, the methods comprise: introducing into a well bore penetrating a portion of a subterranean formation alternating stages of a proppant-carrying fracturing fluid comprising a plurality of proppant particulates, and a clean fracturing fluid comprising a lesser concentration of proppant particulates than the proppant-carrying fracturing fluid, wherein the alternating stages of the proppant-carrying fracturing fluid and the clean fracturing fluid are introduced into the well bore at or above a pressure sufficient to create or enhance one or more fractures in the subterranean formation; and introducing a diverting agent into the well bore during one or more of the alternating stages of proppant-carrying fracturing fluid and clean fracturing fluid.

Abstract: An aqueous slurry composition for use in industries such as petroleum and pipeline industries that includes: a particulate, an aqueous carrier fluid, a chemical compound that renders the particulate surface hydrophobic, and a small amount of an oil. The slurry is produced by rendering the surface of the particulate hydrophobic during or before the making of the slurry. The addition of the oil greatly enhances the aggregation potential of the hydrophobically modified particulates once placed in the well bore.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to coated proppants, a method of making the coated proppants, and a method to use coated proppants in fracturing subterranean formations around oil and gas wells to improve oil recovery. The proppants are coated with an oil well treatment agent, specifically, a wax inhibitor and/or a pour point depressant composition.

Abstract: A hydraulic fracturing composition includes: a superabsorbent polymer in an expanded state and configured to break in response to a breaking condition; a plurality of proppant particles disposed in the superabsorbent polymer prior to release of the plurality of proppant particles from the superabsorbent polymer in response to breaking the superabsorbent polymer; and a fluid to expand the superabsorbent polymer into the expanded state. The hydraulic fracturing composition can be made by contacting a superabsorbent polymer with a fluid to expand the superabsorbent polymer into an expanded state; and disposing a plurality of proppant particles in the superabsorbent polymer to make the hydraulic fracturing composition.

Abstract: A novel near-IR emitting cationic silver chalcogenide quantum dot with a mixed coating wherein the coating comprises of at least 2 different types of materials and is capable of luminescence at the desired near IR bandwidth at wavelengths of 800-850 nm. The quantum dot is fabricated via an advantageous single-step, homogeneous, aqueous method at a low temperature resulting a near IR emitting semiconductor quantum dot with high Quantum Yield, high transfection with low toxicity. The quantum dots may be used in medical imaging, tumor detection, drug delivery and labeling as well as in quantum dot sensitized solar cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid crystal media comprising polymerizable mesogenic compounds with a bent shape, and to electro-optical displays comprising these media as light modulation media. In particular the electro-optical displays according to the present invention are displays, which are operated at a temperature, at which the liquid crystal modulation media are in an optically isotropic phase, preferably in a blue phase.

Abstract: A solid intumescent material is made of a of about 30 wt % or less, based on total weight of the intumescent material, of a hot melt thermoplastic or elastomeric resin (e.g. an EVA resin), a reinforcing material (e.g. glass fibers having an aspect ratio of at least about 100), inorganic filler and an intumescent component (e.g. ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine). The intumescent material may be formed into fire protection barriers of various thicknesses and may be shaped at a temperature well below the activation temperature of the intumescent material to permit conforming the barrier to requirements at a job site.