Abstract: A mask cleaning apparatus includes: a mask holding unit configured to hold a mask; a light source unit configured to irradiate light onto the mask to remove a deposition material accumulated on a surface of the mask; and a material collecting unit configured to collect the deposition material removed from the mask, wherein the material collecting unit includes: a plurality of collecting cases corresponding to kinds of the deposition material; a rotating plate having a suction hole; and a plate driving unit configured to rotate the rotating plate to connect the suction hole to at least one of the collecting cases. Based on the irradiated light, different organic deposition materials may be collected for reuse.

Abstract: Ladder cleaning device, particularly for use on ladders mounted on offshore installations, wherein the ladder cleaning device comprises: —means for guiding and moving the device along the ladder —means for detecting a ladder rung —means for cleaning at least the detected rung

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatus and methods for cleaning an exhaust path of a semiconductor process tool. One embodiment provides an exhaust pipe section and a pipe cleaning assembly connected between a semiconductor process tool and a factory exhaust. The pipe cleaning assembly includes a residue remover disposed in the exhaust pipe section. The residue remover is operable to move in the exhaust pipe section to dislodge accumulated materials from an inner surface of the exhaust pipe section.

Abstract: A shellfish basket washing apparatus configured to hang over the side rail of an oyster harvester or other boat having a support assembly arranged to straddle and be supported on said side rail, a basket holder and a high pressure nozzle assembly connected to a water side of said support assembly, and a working platform, including a pressure washer pump and a water tank, connected to an onboard side of said support assembly.

Abstract: A hazardous material storage repository includes a drillhole extending into the Earth and including an entry at least proximate a terranean surface, the drillhole including a substantially vertical drillhole portion, a transition drillhole portion coupled to the substantially vertical drillhole portion, and a hazardous material storage drillhole portion, at least one of the transition drillhole portion or the hazardous material storage drillhole portion including an isolation drillhole portion; a storage canister positioned in the hazardous material storage drillhole portion, the storage canister sized to fit from the drillhole entry through the substantially vertical drillhole portion, the transition drillhole portion, and into the hazardous material storage drillhole portion of the drillhole, the storage canister including an inner cavity sized enclose hazardous material; and a seal positioned in the drillhole, the seal isolating the hazardous material storage drillhole portion of the drillhole from the ent

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for dewatering a biological solid material employing both microwave irradiation and solvent extraction. The method comprises microwave irradiation pretreatment, solvent extraction dewatering, solid-liquid separation, and solvent recovery. Through microwave irradiation of an aqueous biological solid material, gaps in the solid material are increased, and the biological material is fractured, thus releasing more bound water in the solid material. Subsequently, the microwave-irradiated biological solid material is brought into full contact with an organic solvent, allowing the solvent to absorb and extract moisture from the solid, thus removing moisture from the solid. The aqueous solvent is then subjected to evaporation under reduced pressure or gasification under reduced pressure in a separation apparatus so as to separate the moisture and the solvent. The solvent is then compressed, condensed and recovered for recycling.

Abstract: Porous media containing undesired substances, e.g., perfluoroalkylated substances, are treated by mixing the porous media with a solid fuel comprising organic material. The mixture is heated to 200° C. to 400° C. to initiate smoldering combustion and an oxidizer gas is forced through the heated mixture such that the smoldering combustion is self-sustaining until the mixture reaches a PFAS destructive temperature and the perfluoroalkylated substances are thermally destroyed. A system is provided for conducting the treatment. The system includes a source of wax, wood chips, sawdust, tire scraps, waste rubber compounds, coal, granular activated carbon, solid fat, and combinations thereof as solid fuel. A mixer is provided for mixing the porous media with the solid fuel. An ignition system including static heating elements and a gas blower are provided for forcing heated oxidizer gas through the mixture such that self-sustaining smoldering combustion of the mixture is initiated and sustained.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a plated steel sheet having excellent surface qualities and press formability. The method includes: manufacturing a plated steel sheet by plating a base steel sheet; and performing a skin pass rolling process on the plated steel sheet by inserting the plated steel sheet into a skin pass mill. The skin pass rolling process is performed using rolls having roughness skewness Rsk within a range of ?0.15 or less.

Abstract: A volume flow regulating valve for controlling the volume flow of a fluid medium in two outflow ducts. The volume flow regulating valve is composed of a cylinder with a dual piston mounted axially displaceably in the cylinder, with a central pressure chamber being formed in the region of the barbell-shaped central piece of the dual piston. Aside from an inlet for the fluid medium, it is also the case that the two outlet ducts are provided at the central pressure chamber. The outlet ducts are arranged on the cylinder with such an axial spacing that—when the dual piston is situated in a central position in relation to the two outlet ducts—the first outlet duct—preferably partially covered by the first piston—and the second outlet duct—preferably partially covered by the second piston—each open up an equal opening cross-sectional area.

Abstract: A process inferentially determines hydrodynamic bearing flotation in a metal rolling operation for a metal roller bearing. The process receives from a mill stand processing the metal roll a rolling load of the metal roll, a gap between a pair of rollers pressing the metal roll, and a speed of the metal roll through the pair of rollers. The process further receives from the mill stand a gauge of the metal roll after the metal roll has passed through the pair of rollers. The process determines the hydrodynamic bearing flotation using the rolling load of the metal roll, the gap between a pair of rollers pressing the metal roll, the speed of the metal roll through the pair of rollers, and the gauge of the metal roll after the metal roll has passed through the pair of rollers. The process then adjusts the gap between the pair of rollers based on the determined hydrodynamic bearing flotation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the open-loop and/or closed-loop control of a heating of a cast or rolled metal product, comprising the following steps: —determining the total enthalpy of the metal product from a total of the free molar enthalpies (Gibbs free energy) of all phases and/or phase fractions currently present in the metal product; —determining a temperature distribution within the metal product by means of a dynamic temperature calculation model by using the determined total enthalpy; and —open-loop and/or closed-loop controlling of the heating of the metal product according to at least one initial variable of the temperature calculation model.

Abstract: A cooling section for flat rolling stock has a working region, through which the flat rolling stock is guided. The working region can be supplied with a liquid coolant by means of a number of spray beams. The liquid coolant is fed from a reservoir for the liquid coolant to the spray beams by means of a pump and a supply system. Valves are arranged upstream of the spray beams in the supply system. Opening positions of the valves are set by a control unit of the cooling section according to a respective sub-flow that is to be applied to the flat rolling stock by means of each spray beam. Also, the delivery rate of the pump and/or a line pressure generated by the pump in the supply system are set by the control unit according to the total flow that is to be applied to the flat rolling stock by means of all the spray beams.

Abstract: A mixed jet descaling device axially and eccentrically arranged for the inner wall of a metal pipe comprises a support rod (1) arranged inside the metal pipe (100), the support rod being parallel to the central axis of the metal pipe, eccentrically arranged and not concentric with the central axis of the metal pipe; and at least two spray nozzle units (2, 2?, 2?) for spraying the mixed jet, the spray nozzle units being arranged from front to back along the length direction of the support rod. At least two mixed jet spray nozzles (21, 21?, 21?) are provided in each spray nozzle unit and uniformly arranged along the circumference of the support rod in such a manner that the mixed jet spray nozzles diverge towards periphery of the support rod with the axis of the support rod as the center.

Abstract: A coiled material passing device is usable to pass a coiled material played out by an uncoiler to a leveler feeder configured to correct any winding curl of the coiled material. The coiled material passing device includes a clamper configured to clamp a starting end of the coiled material played out from the uncoiler, a moving body configured to support the damper, the moving body being movable between the uncoiler and the leveler feeder, and a first driver configured to move the moving body.

Abstract: A method for forming a metal beam may comprise: clamping first and second portions of the metal beam in a substantially fixed and in a position whereat the metal beam is rotatable about three axes; applying a net bending force to the clamped second portion of the metal beam at a predetermined angle; sensing twisting of the second portion of the metal beam resulting from the net bending force; and modulating the angle at which the net force is applied to reduce the twisting of the metal beam. As a result, the net bending force is moved toward the shear center and toward being along the principal axis of the metal beam.

Abstract: A multi-diameter tubular body is cold-forged by forming a large-diameter hole portion in a formed body having a preliminary hole through subjection of the preliminary hole to deep hole forming and by punching out the bottom surface of the large-diameter hole portion to thereby form a small-diameter hole portion. Since a punch having a central protrusion on its forward end surface is used, an internal flaw is generated by dead metal in the inner circumferential surface of a depression, formed by the protrusion, in the bottom surface of the large-diameter hole portion. An outside diameter of a protrusion of a deep hole forming punch is rendered smaller than an inside diameter of the small-diameter hole portion to be formed later by punching out the bottom surface of the large-diameter hole portion. As a result, the internal flaw is removed when the small-diameter hole portion is formed.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a press-formed article includes: forming a specified shape in a plate-like member made of metal; forming a convex portion in a portion that does not undergo deformation by the forming of the specified shape in the plate-like member; and flattening the convex portion.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a tube includes continuously moving a tubular hollow blank through an expansion tool, and supplying fluid to a space delimited by the expansion tool and the tubular hollow blank the such that a hydraulic pressure is applied inside the tubular hollow blank. The magnitude of the hydraulic pressure is selected such that the tubular hollow blank is deformed plastically. The disclosure also relates to an arrangement for manufacturing a tube.

Abstract: A stamped or fine-blanked, workpiece is inserted in an embossing device, and the burr created on the workpiece during stamping or fine blanking is rounded by way of a die of the embossing device and the height of the rollover created during stamping or fine blanking is decreased using the same stroke of the embossing device by way of which the burr rounding is carried out.

Abstract: A punch assembly having a head with an approximately flat top, an engagement projection and a groove; and a cylindrical punch having a tip end and a head engaging end, wherein the head engaging end has mounted thereon opposing pivoting arms having projections; the arms held by pivot pins and a compression spring mounted between the arms in a closed position; wherein the engagement projection of the head is pressed between the arms and snaps into place; and the projections are securely engaged in the groove.

Abstract: A swage die includes a plurality of teeth aligned in a generally arcuate array. Each tooth of the plurality of teeth includes a first sidewall, an opposing second sidewall, a first endwall, and an opposing second endwall. The swage die further includes a plurality of first supports, each of the plurality of first supports extending between and connected to first endwalls of neighboring teeth, and a plurality of second supports, each of the plurality of second supports extending between and connected to second endwalls of neighboring teeth. The swage die further includes a plurality of stops, each of the plurality of stops extending from a first support towards a neighboring first support or from a second support towards a neighboring second support.

Abstract: A heat exchanger comprises a seamless body, and the seamless body may include a substantially cylindrical configuration defining a radial direction, a circumferential direction, a longitudinal axis, a first cylindrical wall and a plurality of fins. Each fin may extend at least partially in the radial direction and helically along the longitudinal axis. Also, each fin may be at least partially hollow defining an internal flow passage, and each fin of the plurality of fins may be at least partially spaced away from an adjacent fin, defining an external flow passage.

Abstract: The invention relates to an end effector for a riveting device (1), wherein the end effector (2) comprises a riveting module (3) for placing a rivet element (4) in a structural part (5), a rivet dispenser (6) for dispensing rivet elements (4) from a rivet magazine (7) and a handling device (8) for delivering a rivet element (4) from the rivet dispenser (6) to the riveting module (3), wherein the handling device (8) comprises an adjustment kinematics (9) and a gripper (10) arranged thereon for grabbing the rivet element (4). It is proposed that the adjustment kinematics has at least two adjustment axes (A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7) for positioning the gripper (10).

Abstract: A heating/heat-retaining device, particularly to a heating/heat-retaining device used in the forging process, and more particularly to an opening-and-closing type heater and a wind generator shaft forging process using the same. The opening-and-closing type heater comprises a base, a tube body mounted on the base and a tube body opening-and-closing mechanism; the tube body comprises a fixed tube body and a movable tube body, the fixed tube body and the movable tube body are arc-shaped shells, and form a hollow shape when the openings thereof match with each other; the tube body opening-and-closing mechanism is connected to the movable tube body for realizing the opening-and-closing of the movable tube body and the fixed tube body. The invention solves heat retaining and heating problems during the forging process of the main shaft forgings and avoids internal defects due to rapid temperature drop of the main shaft forgings.

Abstract: A method for producing a feeder element is described. The method includes (a) producing composite particles having a particle size of less than 2 mm in a matrix encapsulation method with the following steps: (a1) producing droplets of a suspension from at least (i) one or more refractory substances, (ii) one or more of fillers having a bulk density in the range from 10 to 350 g/L, expandants, and pyrolysable fillers, (iii) as continuous phase, a solidifiable liquid, (a2) solidifying the droplets with the refractory substance(s) and density-reducing substance(s) are encapsulated therein, (a3) treating the hardened droplets to form composite particles, (b) mixing the composite particles with a binder and, optionally, further constituents to give a feeder composition, (c) shaping and curing the feeder composition to give a feeder element. Also described are a method for producing refractory composite particles and the use of the composite particles.

Abstract: For forming a shell mould for investment casting, first and second core components are provided. These are formed of ceramic material. The core components are assembled together for manufacturing a wax pattern containing the core component for formation of a shell mould for investment casting. The core components have an arrangement of precursor location features. The method includes machining at least one of the precursor location features to a required shape to provide an arrangement of final location features. The core components are then positioned with respect to each other and/or with respect to a wax pattern die by contacting the arrangement of final location features with corresponding positioning features of a receiving device and/or the wax pattern die.

Abstract: A molding machine forms a mold by using a transferred molding flask and pattern plate, and includes: a filling frame; a squeeze head mechanism including a squeeze board movable into and out from the filling frame, and a plurality of squeeze feet passing through the squeeze board, being able to move up and down with respect to the squeeze board; a sand injection hopper including at least one sand injection port for injecting molding sand into a molding space defined by the molding flask, the filling frame, the squeeze head mechanism, and the pattern plate; and a sand injection nozzle provided in a component detachably attached to an opening of the side portion of the filling frame to enable the sand injection port and the molding space to communicate with each other.

Abstract: There is provided a molding device for continuous casting equipped with an agitator that reduces the amount of generated heat, is easy to carry out maintenance, is inexpensive, and is easy to use in practice. The molding device for continuous casting equipped with an agitator of the invention receives liquid-phase melt of a conductive material, and a solid-phase cast product is taken out from the molding device through the cooling of the melt. The molding device includes a casting mold and an agitator provided so as to correspond to the casting mold. The casting mold includes a casting space that includes an inlet and an outlet at a central portion of a substantially cylindrical side wall, and a magnetic field generation device receiving chamber that is formed in the side wall and is positioned outside the casting space. The casting mold receives the liquid-phase melt from the inlet into the casting space and discharges the solid-phase cast product from the outlet through the cooling in the casting space.

Abstract: Shot sleeves for high temperature die casting include a low modulus single crystal nickel-based alloy having less than 1 ppm sulfur, a low modulus single crystal nickel-based alloy doped with a sulfur active element, a low modulus single crystal nickel-based alloy having a protective oxide coating, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing.

Abstract: A molding tool made of carbon or graphite, namely a casting mold or a casting core for the processing of molten metal or to a molding tool for the processing of molten glass, such as for example a blow mold and a method for producing the molding tool.

Abstract: A casting tool for a direct squeeze casting process that includes a cast mold tool with a contoured internal passage for better die thermal management. This enables the use of a grey cast iron mold material. A durable mold surface may also be formed through a nodular cast iron reaction with a Magnesium addition in either sand core or sand core coating.

Abstract: A customizable gating system for metal casting that includes a duct assembly formed from refractory conduit components is disclosed. The gating system is configured to deliver molten metal to a gateway for a mold. The duct assembly is formed from refractory conduit components that can withstand the high temperatures of molten metal and include advantageous features for forming the components, for adjusting the length of conduit components as needed to provide a customized duct assembly, and for interconnecting components to form a duct assembly.

Abstract: Slide closure unit on the spout of a metallurgical vessel, preferably a copper-anode furnace, includes a housing in which refractory closure plates, as well as at least one connecting refractory inner casing, are arranged. A removable induction heater is provided, having at least one induction coil surrounding the refractory inner casing outside of the housing. In this way, it is possible to constantly keep the melt located in the outlet channel of the spout sufficiently warm so that it does not freeze before and/or during the pouring of the melt, or that any frozen metal and/or slag can be melted in the spout.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for the formation of three-dimensional objects. A method for forming a three-dimensional object may comprise alternately and sequentially applying a stream comprising a binding substance to an area of a layer of powder material in a powder bed, and generating at least one perimeter of the three-dimensional object in the area. The stream may be applied in accordance with a model design of the three-dimensional object.

Abstract: Methods and alloy systems for non-Be BMG matrix composite materials that can be used to additively manufacturing parts with superior mechanical properties, especially high toughness and strength, are provided. Alloys are directed to BMGMC materials comprising a high strength BMG matrix reinforced with properly scaled, soft, crystalline metal dendrite inclusions dispersed throughout the matrix in a sufficient concentration to resist fracture.

Abstract: A system for additive metal manufacturing, including a deposition mechanism, a translation mechanism mounting the deposition mechanism to the working volume, and a stage. A method for additive metal manufacturing including: selectively depositing a material carrier within the working volume; removing an additive from the material carrier; and treating the resultant material.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for additive manufacturing a metal part having portions with varying microstructures. The method may include depositing an additive manufacturing powder on a surface and melting or sintering a first portion of the additive manufacturing powder while it is covered with a first type of cover gas. Next, the method may include melting or sintering a second portion of the additive manufacturing powder while it is covered with a second type of cover gas. The first portion may be a first layer of the additive manufacturing powder and the second portion may be a second layer of the additive manufacturing powder deposited after melting or sintering of the first layer. Additionally or alternatively, the first portion and the second portion may both include distinct portions of a single layer of the additive manufacturing powder.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuous powder-based additive manufacturing of a large annular object or multiple smaller objects simultaneously is described. The build unit(s) of the apparatus includes a powder delivery mechanism, a powder recoating mechanism and an irradiation beam directing mechanism. The build unit(s) is attached to a rotating mechanism such that the build unit(s) rotates around and above the annular powder bed during production. The rotating mechanism is supported onto a central tower, and both the rotating mechanism and the tower are concentric with the non-rotating annular powder bed. An additive manufacturing method using the apparatus involves repetitive and continuous cycles of at least simultaneously rotating the build unit(s) to deposit powder onto the powder bed and irradiating the powder to form a fused additive layer. The continuous additive manufacturing process may be further aided with a helical configuration of the powder bed build surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuous powder-based additive manufacturing of a large annular object or multiple smaller objects simultaneously. The build unit(s) of the apparatus, which includes a powder delivery mechanism, a powder recoating mechanism and an irradiation beam emitting and directing mechanism, is attached to a rotating mechanism such that the build unit(s) rotates around and above the powder bed during production. The rotating mechanism is supported onto a tower. A stationary powder supply mechanism feeds powder to the powder delivery mechanism, and is concentric with the rotating mechanism, tower and non-rotating annular powder bed. A manufacturing method using the apparatus involves repetitive and continuous cycles of at least simultaneously rotating the build unit(s) to deposit powder onto the powder bed, and irradiating the powder to form a fused additive layer. The continuous additive manufacturing process may be further aided with a helical configuration of the powder bed build surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for powder-based additive manufacturing is described. The build unit(s) of the apparatus includes a powder delivery mechanism, a powder recoating mechanism and an irradiation beam directing mechanism. The build unit is attached to a positioning mechanism that provides the build unit with independent movements in at least two dimensions. The build platform of the apparatus is rotating and preferably vertically stationary. Embodiments of the build unit that further includes a gas-flow mechanism and the build platform having a dynamically grown wall are also described. An additive manufacturing method using the apparatus involves rotating the build platform and repetitive cycles of moving the build unit(s) in a radial direction to deposit at least one layer of powder, and irradiating a selected portion of the powder to form a fused additive layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to methods and apparatuses for additive manufacturing (AM) that utilize compression chambers to reduce pressure on grown objects. In one aspect, the disclosure provides a method for fabricating an object. The method includes (a) irradiating a layer of powder in a build area above a build platform to form a fused region; (b) providing a subsequent layer of powder over the build area; and (c) repeating steps (a) and (b) until at least a portion of the object, at least one chamber, and a tube are formed in the build area. The chamber encloses a region of unfused powder and the tube extends from a passage within the build platform to the chamber. The method also includes (d) removing unfused powder from within the chamber via the tube and the passage. The disclosure also provides an apparatus for forming compression chambers within an object.

Abstract: A method for large-scale, real-time simultaneous additive and subtractive manufacturing is described. The apparatus used in the method includes a build unit and a machining mechanism that are attached to a positioning mechanism, a rotating platform, and a rotary encoder attached to the rotating platform. The method involves rotating the build platform; determining the rotational speed; growing the object and the build wall through repetitive cycles of moving the build unit(s) over and substantially parallel to multiple build areas within the build platform to deposit a layer of powder at each build area, leveling the powder, and irradiating the powder to form a fused additive layer at each build area; machining the object being manufactured; and cutting and removing the build wall. The irradiation parameters are calibrated based on the determined rotational speed.

Abstract: A method for producing three-dimensional objects layer by layer using a powdery material which can be solidified by irradiating it with at least two electron beams, said method comprises a pre-heating step, wherein the pre-heating step comprises the sub-step of scanning a pre-heating powder layer area (100) by scanning a first electron beam in a first region (I) and by scanning a second electron beam in a second region (II) distributed over the pre-heating powder layer area (100), wherein consecutively scanned paths are separated by, at least, a security distance (?Y), said sub-step further comprising the step of synchronising the preheating of said first and second electron beams when simultaneously preheating said powder material within said first and second regions respectively, so that said first and second electron beams are always separated to each other with at least a minimum security distance (?X).

Abstract: A device is provided for cleaning and/or replacement of a laser window of a process chamber, enclosed by an outer wall, containing a modified atmosphere, in particular a process chamber for layered printing of a 3D object by a technique such as Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), where this device features an opening in the outer wall that is fitted with the laser window and where this laser window allows a laser beam from a laser source located outside of the process chamber into the process chamber, where an external sealing ring is provided that extends between the outer wall and this laser window. A method is also provided for cleaning and/or replacement of the laser window in the opening of the outer wall of the enclosed process chamber.

Abstract: A system for fabricating an object includes an extruder for one or more deposition materials. The extruder has at least one nozzle with a nozzle tip that includes an exit orifice and has a width that is equal to or larger than a width of the exit orifice. The system also includes a controller coupled with the extruder, the controller configured to apply a correction factor that has been calculated for a path of the nozzle based on a slope of a surface of an object to be fabricated. The correction factor for a positive slope is different from that for a negative slope. The extruder is configured to cause movement of the nozzle along the path to deposit material on the slope of the surface of the object, and the correction factor removes differences in thickness of the deposited material caused by the slope in relation to the path.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus that includes a high energy beam configured to make a first weld at a first position on a workpiece; at least one deflection lens configured to deflect the high energy beam so as to cause the high energy beam to make a second weld at a second position; at least one focusing lens configured to focus the high energy beam; at least one astigmatism lens; and at least one controller. The controller is configured to shape the high energy beam so that the shape of the high energy beam on the workpiece is longer in a direction parallel to a deflection direction of the high energy beam than in a direction perpendicular to the deflection direction of the high energy beam. A length ratio is varying as a function of the power of the energy beam, while the width in the perpendicular direction is constant.

Abstract: A method for large-scale, real-time simultaneous additive and subtractive manufacturing is described. The apparatus used in the method includes a build unit and a machining mechanism that are attached to a positioning mechanism, a rotating platform, and a rotary encoder attached to the rotating platform. The method involves rotating the build platform; determining the rotational speed; growing the object and the build wall through repetitive cycles of moving the build unit(s) over and substantially parallel to multiple build areas within the build platform to deposit a layer of powder at each build area, leveling the powder, and irradiating the powder to form a fused additive layer at each build area; machining the object being manufactured; and cutting and removing the build wall. The irradiation parameters are calibrated based on the determined rotational speed.

Abstract: An apparatus for large-scale, real-time simultaneous additive and subtractive manufacturing is described. The build unit(s) of the apparatus includes a powder delivery mechanism, a powder recoating mechanism and an irradiation beam directing mechanism. The build unit and the machining mechanism are attached to a positioning mechanism that provides them with movement. The build platform of the apparatus is rotating and preferably vertically stationary. Embodiments of the build unit that further includes a gas-flow mechanism and the build platform having a dynamically grown wall are also described. A manufacturing method using the apparatus involves rotating the build platform; repetitive cycles of moving the build unit(s) to deposit a powder and irradiating the powder to form a fused additive layer; and machining the object being manufactured.

Abstract: A rotary cutting blade material has an attaching structure forming portion that is to serve as an attaching portion to the shank, a cutting structure forming portion that is to serve as a cutting blade, and a joint portion. The cutting structure forming portion has a core portion and a surface portion provided on the attaching structure forming portion with the joint portion being interposed, and the surface portion covers at least a part of a surface of the core portion. The attaching structure forming portion includes a hard material including a hard component and one or two or more types of iron group elements, and the hard material has a Young's modulus of not more than 350 GPa. The core portion includes a cemented carbide material, and the surface portion includes PCD or CBN.

Abstract: A method for forming a secondary component from an original component having an original shape includes separating the original component into a parent component and a replaced portion, and forming a replacement coupon using an additive manufacturing system. The replacement coupon is shaped to substantially match the original shape of the replaced portion. The method further includes coupling the replacement coupon to the parent component to form the secondary component. The method also includes at least one of (i) removing the replacement coupon from a build plate of the additive manufacturing system prior to application of any heat treatment to the as-built replacement coupon, wherein the replacement coupon maintains a near-net original shape of the replaced portion after removal, and (ii) entering the secondary component into normal duty with no hot isostatic press treatment of the replacement coupon having been performed.