Abstract: A method for monitoring a welding process with a weld monitoring computing system is provided. A weld monitoring system and a controller for a weld monitoring system are also provided.

Abstract: A method for producing articles from iridium metal nanopowder. This invention relates to the sphere of powder metallurgy and may find application in the production of different articles from iridium. Technically, the object of the invention is development of a new technology. To this aim a method is proposed for the production of articles from iridium based on use of chemically pure metal of not less than 99.99 purity, produced by electron-beam remelting, characterized in that the required material is turned to nanopowder of less than 100 nm dispersity from which seamless articles of various configuration are molded by their compacting at room temperature followed by baking, with the resulting isotropic structure featuring 100-300 nm grain size and strength characteristics being improved by 200-300%.

Abstract: Solid-state joining of preformed features, such as bosses, flanges, gaskets, centralizers and other features to substrates or cast parts by a solid-state MELD additive manufacturing process is disclosed. Joining can be between same or different materials using same, similar or dissimilar filler material than the materials of the feature and the part that need to be joined.

Abstract: A component includes a body, and an interface in the body defining a first and second portion of the body made by different melting beam sources of a multiple melting beam source additive manufacturing system during a single build. The component also includes a channel extending through the body. The channel includes an interface-distant area on opposing sides of the interface, each interface-distant area having a first width. The channel also includes an enlarged width area fluidly communicative with the interface-distant areas and spanning the interface, the enlarged width area having a second width larger than the first width. Any misalignment of the melting beams at the interface is addressed by the enlarged width area, eliminating the problem of reduced cooling fluid flow in the channel.

Abstract: A laser processing machine includes a convex lens having a positive focal length, a concave lens having a negative focal length, and a focusing lens having a positive focal length. The convex lens is movable in an optical axis direction and converts divergent light of a laser beam emitted from a laser beam emission end into convergent light. The concave lens is movable in the optical axis direction and is disposed at a position that is shifted from a position where the convergent light is focused toward the convex lens side by the same distance as the focal length of the concave lens according to a position of the convex lens in the optical axis direction. The concave lens converts the convergent light into parallel light. The focusing lens focuses the laser beam emitted from the concave lens and irradiates a plate material with the focused laser beam.

Abstract: A method of welding laminated metal foils (LMF) by projecting a laser beam onto LMF sandwiched between an upper metal plate and a lower metal plate from a side of the upper metal plate and laser-welding the LMF to the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate. The method includes: forming a hole in an upper surface of the upper metal plate and forming a chamfered part so that a diameter of the hole expands toward the upper surface before the laser welding; and in the laser welding, projecting the laser beam for heat conduction welding onto the chamfered part of the upper metal plate to form a molten pool; and projecting the laser beam in a circle to agitate the molten pool and grow the molten pool in a laminating direction of the LMF so that the molten pool reaches the lower metal plate.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of heat dissipation unit is disclosed. The heat dissipation unit is mainly composed of two titanium metal plate bodies. The titanium metal plate bodies are heat-treated, whereby the titanium metal plate bodies can be mechanical processed, shaped and surface-modified. Accordingly, the titanium metal can be freely shaped and provide capillary attraction. In this case, the titanium metal plate bodies can be used as the material of the heat dissipation unit instead of the conventional copper plate bodies to greatly reduce the weight and enhance the heat dissipation performance.

Abstract: A laser welding method and a laser welding apparatus capable of preventing formation of blowholes and obtaining an excellent welled state are provided. An embodiment is a laser welding method for a component to be welded 40 including a third metal component 40c sandwiched between first and second metal components 40a and 40b, in which the metal components are welded to each other by scanning a laser beam in a first direction perpendicular to a direction in which the third metal component 40c is sandwiched, in which a welded part 42 is formed by applying a first laser beam 12a while scanning it in the first direction and thereby melting and then solidifying the component to be welded 40.

Abstract: While a laser-beam application position is moved along a locus which circularly or elliptically circles around a locus center so as to cross a weld line that is a boundary between a first metal plate and a second metal plate overlapped with each other, the locus center is moved in a direction parallel to a weld line. A moving direction of the laser-beam application position is set such that the laser beam is first applied to the first metal plate and then to the second metal plate when the laser beam passes through an unmelted zone of the first metal plate and the second metal plate. The unmelted zone is located downstream of a range through which the laser beam has already passed in the direction parallel to the weld line.

Abstract: A welding method for integrally welding three or more superposed metal plates includes a spot welding of joining the first vehicle body structure plate and the second vehicle body structure plate by spot welding in a plurality of places along an opening edge of the door opening portion in a state where each of the metal plates is superposed, and a laser welding of joining the surface plate and the first vehicle body structure plate in a plurality of places including a place between welding places of the spot welding after the spot welding. The joining being performed by emitting laser light to the surface plate and by scanning the laser light to stir a molten pool including a molten metal of the surface plate and the first vehicle body structure plate melted by the laser light.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to powder-bed-based additive manufacturing methods, in which a component is produced layer by layer in a build-up process by local melting of particles in a powder bed. For example, a powder-bed-based additive manufacturing method may include: producing a component layer by layer in a build-up process by local melting of particles in a powder bed; interrupting the build-up process after a layer has been completed; post-treating a surface of the component by laser peening, wherein compressive stresses are generated at the surface of the layer that has been completed; and restarting the build-up process for producing a next layer. An installation for the powder-bed-based additive manufacturing method may include an application apparatus for an ablation medium.

Abstract: A three-dimensional structure is formed when layers of a material are deposited onto a substrate and scanned with a high energy beam to at least partially melt each layer of the material. Upon scanning the layers at predetermined locations a tube device having a first tube and a second tube intersected with the first tube is formed.

Abstract: A method for quality control on laser peening correction of an aero-engine support includes: building a corresponding relation database of laser peening correction parameters and welding deformations through a big data platform; refining the structure of the aero-engine support; performing welding and laser peening correction on the refined structure; performing assembly welding and laser peening correction on the support; and performing correction effect detection. According to the solution, the complicated aero-engine support is refined into three simple refined structure, and a machining sequence of section-by-section welding, section-by-section laser peening correction, assembly welding and general laser peening correction is adopted. Because the laser peening correction is performed on all the refined structure before the assembly welding, the welding deformation of the support assembly may be reduced, and the support assembly is easier to be corrected during the laser peening correction.

Abstract: An electrode for electrical discharge machining (EDM) may comprise a diffuser portion and a tapered portion defining the tip of the electrode. A method for forming a film cooling hole may comprise moving a tool with respect to a film cooled gaspath component, forming a diffuser of the film cooling hole in response to the moving, and forming a tapered surface between a metering section and the diffuser of the film cooling hole.

Abstract: A new technique in welding is provided that utilizes vibration during the welding process. The technique requires a pneumatic control panel having a master pneumatic input and dual pneumatic outputs. Each pneumatic output powers a pneumatic vibrator arranged in a particular orientation with respect to the weldment. The vibrators may be arranged such that the axes of rotation of the vibrators are orthogonal to the vector of the weld seam. The vibrators are set using the pneumatic control panel to vibration frequencies that are out of phase sufficient to form a beat frequency in the weldment. The weld produced when the welding occurs during this vibration yields less distortion and stronger and more predictable welds.

Abstract: Embodiments of systems and methods for characterizing weldments are disclosed. One embodiment includes a method of generating an algorithm for classifying weldments as meeting or not meeting a specification. Training data is read by a machine learning system. The training data includes cross-sectional images of training weldments, truth data indicating whether the training weldments meet the specification or not, and training weld data associated with creating the training weldments. The machine learning system trains up an algorithm using the training data such that the resultant algorithm can classify a subsequent test weldment as meeting the specification or not meeting the specification when a cross-sectional image of the test weldment and test weld data used to create the test weldment are read and processed by the classification algorithm as trained.

Abstract: A laser welding device includes a laser irradiation unit, a visible light sensor and a control unit. The laser irradiation unit irradiates a laser beam. The visible light sensor detects an emission intensity of visible light that is emitted from a welded portion. The control unit can freely switch the operation of the laser irradiation unit between a welding mode for welding a plurality of metal members to each other by irradiating laser beam and an inspection mode for irradiating the laser beam again onto the welded portion as an inspection light. After the welding the metal members, the control unit switches the laser irradiation unit to the inspection mode to irradiate the laser beam again onto the welded portion as an inspection light. The control unit detects if a hole is generated after welding based on changes in the emission intensity of the visible light.

Abstract: Provided is a method of welding laminated metal foils that can prevent blowholes and spatter from being formed. It is a method of welding laminated metal foils sandwiched between a pair of metal plates to the pair of metal plates. The method of welding laminated metal foils sandwiched between a pair of metal plates to the pair of metal plates includes locally pressing and crimping the laminated metal foils sandwiched between the pair of metal plates at a welding point in a laminating direction, and welding the crimped pair of metal plates and laminated metal foils at the welding point.

Abstract: Embodiments herein may relate to a solder paste. The solder paste may include a solder powder and a flux. In embodiments, the flux may be a non-rosin based flux. The flux may further include a thixotropic agent (TA) that may be a non-polymer based TA. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: A solder ribbon with an embedded mesh for improved reliability of semiconductor die to substrate attachment is described. A solder ribbon is embedded with a mesh having a melting point greater than that of the solder. The mesh is embedded through substantially the entire area of the solder ribbon. The embedded solder ribbon may then be wound onto a spool. During a reflow soldering process, the ribbon on the spool may be cut into segments that are placed between a semiconductor die and substrate to which the semiconductor die is to be bonded. When the semiconductor assembly is heated, the solder melts, but the mesh does not, allowing for uniform bondline thickness control.

Abstract: A solder alloy has an alloy composition consisting of, in mass %: Bi: 0.1% or more and less than 2.0%, Cu: 0.1 to 1.0%, Ni: 0.01 to 0.20%, Ge: 0.006 to 0.09%, and Co: 0.003% or more and less than 0.05%, and optionally Fe: 0.005 to 0.015% and P: 0.1% or less, with the balance being Sn.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an innovative tool for connecting or disconnecting a runner to/from a shaft assembly. Moreover, the present invention relates to a method for carrying out such operations using the tool. Advantageously, connecting/disconnecting operations can occur without having to work under a suspended load, as the tool may be activated for supporting the runner remotely from a location outside a runner footprint.

Abstract: A workpiece conveying apparatus for a pressing machine includes: a first arm supported so as to be rotatable within a substantially horizontal plane; a second arm supported on the first arm so as to be rotatable within the substantially horizontal plane; a workpiece holding device supported on a distal end side of the second arm so as to be rotatable within the substantially horizontal plane; a first arm drive mechanism configured to drive the first arm to rotate; a second arm drive mechanism configured to drive the second arm to rotate with respect to the first arm; a workpiece holding device rotation drive mechanism configured to drive the workpiece holding device to rotate with respect to the second arm; and a tilt drive mechanism configured to drive the workpiece holding device to rotate with respect to the second arm.

Abstract: Described herein is a work cell for machining operations carried out via a laser head, the work cell including:—at least one working area (20, 40) designed to 5 receive the pieces on which to carry out laser machining; and —a lateral covering (60) and a top covering configured for separating at least partially said working area from the outside.10 The work cell is characterized in that:—it comprises an internal divider (18) that defines, together with said lateral covering, a first working area (20) and a second working area (40) separated from one another by said divider; and 15 —said top covering (22) is selectively mobile between a first position over said first working area (20) and a second position over said second working area (40).

Abstract: A production apparatus includes a workbench, a movement apparatus, a conveyance apparatus, a motion detector, and a control unit. The movement apparatus configured to move the workpiece on the workbench to a predetermined delivery position. The conveyance apparatus configured to convey the workpiece moved to the predetermined delivery position to an adjacent production apparatus. The motion detector configured to detect conveyance motion of the conveyance apparatus of the adjacent production apparatus. The control unit configured to operate the movement apparatus to move the workpiece on the workbench to the predetermined delivery position. If conveyance motion of the conveyance apparatus of the adjacent production apparatus is detected by the motion detector, the control unit operates the conveyance apparatus to convey the workpiece to a delivery position of the adjacent production apparatus.

Abstract: A rotary table device includes: a case; a spindle having an axis hole that is provided rotatably in the case and extends through along an axis direction of a center portion; a rotary joint having a rotary shaft attached non-rotatably to the axis hole of the spindle; and a clamp mechanism arranged in a rear end side of the case and having a component attached non-rotatably to the spindle, the rotary shaft having an attachment flange unit with the spindle in a front end portion, the rotary shaft inserted to the axis hole from the front end side of the spindle to be attached to the spindle by the attachment flange unit, a rear end portion of the rotary shaft projecting from a rear end surface of the spindle, the component of the clamp mechanism mounted to a rear end portion of the rotary shaft projecting from the rear end surface of the spindle from a rear end side, and contacting with and externally fit to an outer circumferential surface of the rear end portion.

Abstract: Present disclosure provides chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) apparatus, including a counterface configured to support a semiconductor wafer at a first surface, a first electromagnet array under the first surface, a polishing head over the counterface and configured to hold the semiconductor wafer at a second surface, and a controller connects to the first electromagnet array. The first electromagnet array comprises a plurality of electromagnets, a polarity of each of the plurality of electromagnets is capable of being individually controlled by the controller. Present disclosure also provides a CMP slurry and a method for using a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus.

Abstract: A device configured to sharpen a blade. The device has a body with a head end, an opposite back end, and a length axis defined between them. The body has a top and an opposite bottom, a first side and an opposite second side. A palm region located on the top of the body is configured to support the palm of a user. A finger region located on the bottom of the body is configured to support the fingers of the user. A sharpening element is coupled to the head end and defines an opening that converges from a wide gap to a narrow gap. A sharpening element axis bisects the opening through the wide gap and the narrow gap. The opening is configured to receive a portion of the blade therein to sharpen the blade when the user moves the sharpening element along the blade.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wheel front burr cleaning device. The device is composed of a rack (1), a lifting cylinder (2), a support frame (3), guide posts (4), guide sleeves (5), a lifting table (6), a brush (7), bearing seats (8) and the like, wherein a servo motor I (11) is fixed on the side of the rack (1), the output end of the motor is connected with a turnover platform (10) via a coupling (12), the middle part of the turnover platform (10) is a cuboid, circular shafts are arranged on the left side and right side of the turnover platform (10), and the shafts are matched with bearings (9); and the structures above and below the turnover platform (10) are completely consistent, wheel positioning clamping rotating systems are distributed symmetrically, and the servo motor I (11) controls the turnover platform (10) to rotate 180 degrees every time, thereby realizing cyclic switching of the positioning clamping systems above and below the turnover platform (10).

Abstract: Disclosed are a process and apparatus for polishing a glass article (1201). The polishing process comprises bringing a rotating article (1201) to be polished into contact with various centrifugally outspread flexible flaps of a rotating flexible flap grinding wheel (1101), with a grinding wheel (1101) rotation shaft being parallel to an article (1201) rotation shaft; and pneumatically controlling the feed of the flexible flap grinding wheel (1101) relative to the surface of the article (1201) to be polished, such that the outer edges of the flaps of the flexible flap grinding wheel (1101) are in pressure contact with the surface to be polished of the article (1201) to be polished, and polishing same. This polishing process can restore a worn glass bottle, particularly a glass bottle having a profiled contour, to the extent that same looks like new at a lower cost. The corresponding polishing apparatus can realize automatic and continuous grinding polishing of worn glass bottles.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) system, and an associated method to perform a CMP process. In some embodiments, the CMP system has a rotatable wafer carrier configured to hold a wafer face down to be processed. The CMP system also has a polishing layer attached to a polishing platen and having a front surface configured to interact with the wafer to be processed, and a CMP dispenser configured to dispense a slurry between an interface of the polishing layer and the wafer. The slurry contains charged abrasive particles therein. The CMP system also has a film electrode attached to a back surface of the polishing layer opposite to the front surface. The film electrode is configured to affect movements of the charged abrasive particles through applying an electrical field during the operation of the CMP system.

Abstract: A double-side polishing method, including: simultaneously polishing both surfaces of a semiconductor wafer by holding the semiconductor wafer in a carrier, interposing the held semiconductor wafer between an upper turn table and a lower turn table each having a polishing pad attached thereto, and bringing both surfaces of the semiconductor wafer into sliding contact with the polishing pads, wherein the semiconductor wafer is polished under a condition that a thickness A (mm) of the polishing pad attached to the upper turn table and a thickness B (mm) of the polishing pad attached to the lower turn table satisfy relations of 1.0?A+B?2.0 and A/B>1.0. This provides a double-side polishing method capable of obtaining a semiconductor wafer in which F-ZDD<0 while controlling the GBIR value to be equal to or smaller than a required value.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of CMP polishing a metal surface, such as a copper or tungsten containing metal surface in a semiconductor wafer, the methods comprising CMP polishing the substrate with a CMP polishing pad that has a top polishing surface in a polishing layer which is the reaction product of an isocyanate terminated urethane prepolymer and a curative component comprising a polyol curative having a number average molecular weight of 6000 to 15,000, and having an average of 5 to 7 hydroxyl groups per molecule and a polyfunctional aromatic amine curative, wherein the polishing layer would if unfilled have a water to uptake of 4 to 8 wt. % after one week of soaking in deionized (DI) water at room temperature. The methods form coplanar metal and dielectric or oxide layer surfaces with low defectivity and a minimized degree of dishing.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for polishing or planarizing a wafer of at least one of semiconductor, optical and magnetic substrates. The method includes rotating a polishing pad having radial feeder grooves in the polishing layer separating the polishing layer into polishing regions. The radial feeder grooves include a series of biased grooves connecting a pair of adjacent radial feeder grooves. A majority of the biased grooves have either an inward bias toward the center or an outward bias toward the outer edge of the polishing pad. Pressing and rotating the wafer against the rotating polishing pad for multiple rotations of the polishing pad at a fixed distance from the center of the polishing pad increases polishing or planarizing removal rate of the wafer.

Abstract: The polishing pad is suitable for polishing or planarizing a wafer of at least one of semiconductor, optical and magnetic substrates. The polishing pad includes a polishing layer having a polymeric matrix and radial feeder grooves in the polishing layer separating the polishing layer into polishing regions. The radial feeder grooves extend at least from a location adjacent the center to a location adjacent the outer edge of the polishing pad. Each polishing region includes a series of spaced non-isosceles trapezoid groove structures having parallel base segments connecting two adjacent radial feeder grooves to form leg segments. The series of non-isosceles trapezoid groove structures extend from adjacent the outer edge toward the center of the polishing pad with the perimeter of the series of trapezoid structures also being a trapezoid.

Abstract: A tool holding fixture for a tool drive and a device for polishing of optical workpieces, the tool holding fixture being coupled by a magnet and by quick connections to the tool drive and forming a preassembled unit with a tiltable tool holder and assigned bearing part together with a bellows.

Abstract: A platen rotation apparatus includes a rotator assembly coupled with a platen. The rotator assembly operates in a first mode to increase a rotational kinetic energy of the platen based on an electrical energy input, and, in a second mode, to decrease the rotational kinetic energy of the platen and generate an electrical energy output based on the decreased rotational kinetic energy of the platen. An energy storage device electrically coupled with the rotator assembly provides the electrical energy input when the rotator assembly is in the first mode and receives the electrical energy output when the rotator assembly is in the second mode.

Abstract: A grinder may include a motor; a spindle to which a grinding wheel is attached; bevel gears configured to transmit rotation of the motor to the spindle; a motor housing which houses the motor; a gear housing attached to a front side of the motor housing and housing the bevel gears; a spindle case attached to a lower side of the gear housing and rotatably supporting the spindle; a wheel cover attached to the spindle case and covering an outside of at least a part of the grinding wheel; and a stopper configured to prohibit removal of the wheel cover, wherein the stopper may be fastened together with the spindle case by a screw which fastens the spindle case to the gear housing.

Abstract: Cleaning systems for food-related equipment and surfaces, such as, but not limited to, a steel belt baking surface, has a translatable and pivotable arm to position a discharge manifold over a surface to be cleaned. The arm has supply and return lines for a salt composition that includes one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and calcium phosphate and does not include a liquid component. The salt impinges the surface and kinetically and chemically cleans it. Discharged salt is collected by drawing the salt through the return line and to a filter unit. The translatable and pivotable arm can be composed of telescoping sections forming a telescoping conduit for the return line or can be composed of non-telescoping sections that form the return line. The cleaning system operates in an open loop mode.

Abstract: An abrasive recovery system for a waterjet cutter, the abrasive recovery system comprising: a drain coupler including at least one drain nozzle, the drain nozzle having at least one wall defining a drain nozzle bore, the drain coupler defining a drain opening wherein the drain opening is in fluid communication with the drain nozzle bore; and a flexible hose coupled to the drain nozzle to establish fluid communication between the drain opening and the flexible hose.

Abstract: An abrasive article is provided that may include a body. The body may include a bond component and abrasive particles within the bond component. The bond component may include a Fe—Co—Cu—Ni—Sn based bond material and a performance enhancing material. The performance enhancing material may include hex-boron nitride. The content of the performance enhancing material may be at least about 6 vol. % and not greater than about 14 vol. % for a total volume of the bond component.

Abstract: A rotary abrasive machining tool (101) is shown. The tool comprises a hub (103) having plurality of axially-oriented radial slots in the outer circumference thereof, and plurality of abrasive segments each of which is located in a respective slot in the hub and which form an abrading surface (102). The abrasive segments comprise a tab for location in a slot in the hub, and an abrading edge defining a plurality of abrasive elements.

Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to a machine tool holding device for clamping a piece to be clamped that includes a contact surface. The holding device includes at least one claw intended to come into contact with the contact surface of the piece to be clamped. The claw includes a plurality of clamping plates stacked on each other, and each including on their edge a clamping surface arranged to be in contact with a portion of the contact surface of the piece to be clamped.

Abstract: A perpendicular clamp system includes a pair of pliers that are selectively manipulated to clamp an object or objects. The pliers are selectively positioned in an open position and a closed position. A tensioner is movably coupled between the pliers to adjust a clamping pressure of the pliers between a minimum pressure and a maximum pressure. A pair of jaws is provided and each of the jaws is coupled to the pliers. The jaws are oriented perpendicular to the pliers to clamp an object having the pliers being oriented perpendicular to the object.

Abstract: An adjustment mechanism for a tool includes a first shroud pivotally attached to a first jaw of the tool and having a trough-shaped first body with a first gap and a first side section with a first aperture. A second shroud is pivotally attached to a second jaw and has a trough-shaped second body with a second gap and a second side section. An arm is pivotally attached to the first and second shrouds, disposed in the first and second gaps, and has a slot aligned with the first aperture and communicating with both a periphery and a pin mount of the arm. Rotatably mounted in the pin mount is a pin with a threaded aperture aligned with the slot. An adjustment screw passes through the first aperture and the slot and engages the threaded aperture. The screw head has a distal bearing surface restrained by the first side section.

Abstract: An electrically isolated socket may include a drive body, a driven body, and a body portion. The driven body may be made of first metallic material and having a driven end configured to receive a fastener. The drive body may be made of a second metallic material and having a drive end configured to receive a protrusion of a driving tool. The body portion may over-mold substantially all portions of the drive body and the driven body other than the drive end and the driven end, respectively. The drive end of the drive body and the driven end of the driven body may face away from each other, and the drive body and driven body each include axial grooves.

Abstract: A ratchet head uses a radially-locking retaining ring to secure a ratchet gear within the head, reducing the load on a cover plate. The retaining ring opposes off-axis force when the ratchet head is experiencing cantilever-type loads, such that the body of the ratchet head absorbs the force rather than the cover plate enclosing the head. With the ratchet head assembled with the retaining ring opposing off-axis force, rather than the cover plate, the weight and position of the screws securing the cover plate to the body are independent of the maximum torque rating of the head. This also improves the integrity of the seal provided by the cover plate.

Abstract: A screwing device, which serves for screwing boards (2) onto underlying crossbeams (3) in such a way that the screws are screwed tilted in from the edges (5) of the boards (2). The screwing device includes a base (7) with an oblong foot (8) which in use stands on the upper side of the boards (2), two arms (9) extending tilted out from each their end of the foot (8), and two opposite screw drivers (10), which are mounted on each their arm (9) and each is arranged with means for conveying a disposable belt (34) of releasable screws (6) and for stepwise screwing in screws (6) from the belt (34). With the present invention, the components of a terrace can be screwed faster together than hitherto known, and at the same time the terrace obtains optimal strength.

Abstract: A torque wrench for use in driving fasteners is provided. The wrench includes an electronics unit disposed within a housing engaged with the body of the wrench that is capable of sensing and measuring the torque applied to a fastener by the wrench and providing an output of the level of torque to the user. The data sensed by the electronics unit can be utilized to provide feedback to the user regarding the operation of the wrench, and to monitor the overall operation of the wrench for calibration purposes, among other functions. During use, the wrench can provide the user with visual, audible and tactile feedback regarding the operation of the device relative to stored maximum torque values stored in the electronics unit. The housing for the electronics unit can be formed to be a single use component of the tool or can be designed for multiple uses with a configuration that can be engaged with cradles forming the body of the wrench having various different configurations.

Abstract: A hinge pin extractor operable to urge a pin out of engagement with a hinge assembly can include a base, a receiver, a plunger, and a lever. The receiver can be mounted to the base to engage a portion of the hinge assembly. The plunger can be mounted to the base and configured to urge a pin of the hinge assembly out of engagement during movement from the first end limit of travel to the second end limit of travel. The lever can be pivotally engaged with the base and disposed to engage the plunger to move the plunger along the rectilinear path. The lever and the base and the plunger can be engaged such that pivoting motion of the lever is transmitted to rectilinear motion of the plunger through a single, fixed fulcrum positioned directly in the base.