Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for correcting a drag torque curve of at least one rotatable machine element of which the drag torque is dependent on the rotational speed of the machine element, wherein the drag torque curve has a plurality of rotational speed ranges which are different from one another, in which the drag torque curve in each rotational speed range is corrected between a measured rotational speed of the machine element and a calculated rotational speed of the machine element on the basis of a rotational speed deviation in the respective rotational speed range.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a vehicle includes: a decider; and a rotation speed controller. The decider is configured to decide on a basis of a traveling state of the vehicle that a wheel which is spun is coupled to a drive source to increase a number of driving wheels. The rotation speed controller is configured to decide increase a rotation speed of the drive source in advance in accordance with an information of a vehicle behavior unstableness degree which is acquired from an outside of the vehicle before the wheel is coupled to the drive source.

Abstract: Signals including noise at a constant interval are processed by receiving a signal as a result of detection by a sensor and sampling the received signal at an interval shorter than the interval of the noise; extracting a plurality of the sampled signals at an interval that is half of the interval of the noise; calculating an arithmetic mean value on a group of the extracted signals; and outputting a new signal being generated with the arithmetic mean value.

Abstract: In one embodiment, there is provided a device for a vehicle, having: a first interface configured to couple to at least one replaceable fluid container for a vehicle comprising a battery, the first interface comprising at least one fluid port configured to couple to at least one fluid port of the replaceable fluid container; a second interface configured to couple to an engine of the vehicle, the second interface comprising at least one fluid port configured to couple to at least one fluid port of a fluid circulation system of the vehicle; a fluid path coupled to at least one fluid port of the first interface and at least one fluid port of the second interface; and at least one electrical pump configured to be powered and/or driven by the battery of the vehicle and to cause fluid flow.

Abstract: A hybrid-electric propulsion system includes a turbomachine, a propulsor coupled to the turbomachine, and an electrical system, the electrical system including an electric machine coupled to the turbomachine. A method for operating a hybrid-electric propulsion system includes operating, by one or more computing devices, the turbomachine in an idle operating condition; receiving, by the one or more computing devices, a command to accelerate the turbomachine while operating the turbomachine in the idle operating condition; and providing, by the one or more computing devices, electrical power to the electric machine to add power to the turbomachine and increase an acceleration of the turbomachine in response to the received command to accelerate the turbomachine.

Abstract: A method for controlling a hybrid vehicle having a motor and an engine includes: calculating a first startup reference value of the engine on the basis of requested power of the hybrid vehicle; measuring a current speed of the hybrid vehicle, and predicting a future speed of the hybrid vehicle; generating a compensation value needed to compensate for the first startup reference value of the engine on the basis of a difference between the current speed and the future speed of the hybrid vehicle; acquiring a second startup reference value of the engine by compensating for the first startup reference value on the basis of the compensation value; and controlling a startup operation of the engine according to the second startup reference value acquired through compensation.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle, and a control method of a driving mode therefor includes steps of determining a traveling path, dividing the traveling path into a plurality of sections according to a driving condition, allocating a class corresponding to a driving condition of a corresponding section among a plurality of predetermined classes, to each of the plurality of sections, calculating energy consumption of each of the plurality of sections, sequentially summing the energy consumption of the plurality of sections in an order determined with reference to energy consumption rates for modes corresponding to the respective classes until a predetermined first condition is satisfied, and determining a first class corresponding to a section as a last target of summing when the first condition is satisfied, as a second condition and as a reference for switching from a first driving mode to a second driving mode.

Abstract: A vehicle includes an engine, a motor generator, a battery, and an ECU, and is configured to selectively perform EV running and engine running. When requested power is smaller than reference power, ECU calculates an engine fuel consumption ratio h1 when the engine outputs power resulting from addition of optimal charging power for the battery to the requested power, and determines whether the engine fuel consumption ratio h1 is larger than an EV criterion line resulting from addition of a margin K to a battery equivalent fuel consumption ratio F. When the engine fuel consumption ratio h1 is larger than the EV criterion line, ECU selects EV running, and otherwise selects engine running. The ECU calculates the margin K by referring to an F?K map which defines correspondence between the battery equivalent fuel consumption ratio F and the margin K with which an SOC is converged to a target range.

Abstract: A method for operating a hybrid drive system for a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine and an electrical drive, which is supplied by an electrical energy store, the required powers of the internal combustion engine and/or of the electrical drive being set in accordance with a specified load distribution, including: regulating the load distribution between the electrical drive and the internal combustion engine based on a current setpoint state of charge of the electrical energy store; and determining the current setpoint state of charge from a specified linear setpoint state of charge curve between a current position of the motor vehicle and a destination.

Abstract: A method of performing temperature control of a hybrid vehicle implements a mode change control method capable of efficiently performing heating in cold weather by predicting a stop of the hybrid vehicle. The method includes receiving an engine operation request from a full automatic temperature control (FATC) unit, determining whether to enter a first hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) mode utilizing engine power as driving force, determining whether a predicted stop time is equal to or less than a predetermined time, when entry into the first HEV mode is impossible, and disallowing entry into a second HEV mode utilizing engine power for generation of electricity, when the predicted stop time is equal to or less than the predetermined time.

Abstract: A method for controlling a response to driving load of a hybrid vehicle includes: estimating an optimum speed for a current driving situation, estimating a target driving load based on the optimum speed, determining an eco-level corresponding to the target driving load from among a plurality of eco-levels, and changing at least some of an eco-gauge according to the determined eco-level.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle and a control method of gear shift therefor are provided. The hybrid vehicle and the control method of gear shift therefor minimize torque fluctuation during gear shift to enhance driving force and fuel efficiency. The method includes predicting a time point when gear shift occurs and estimating an intervention amount of the gear shift. Engine torque corresponding to the estimated intervention amount is then reduced up to the time point when the gear shift occurs and motor torque corresponding to the reduced engine torque is increased up to the time point when the gear shift occurs.

Abstract: A vehicle is provided that includes a motor connected to vehicle wheels and configured to generate electrical power. A first rotational speed detector detects rotational speed of the motor and an engine generates mechanical power. A second rotational speed detector detects rotational speed of the engine. A clutch is disposed between the engine and the motor to open and close the connection between the engine and the motor. A controller diagnoses a failure of the clutch and outputs an instruction to open the clutch and an instruction to turn off the engine when the clutch has a failure. The controller determines whether the clutch is successfully opened based on the detected rotational speed of the motor and the detected rotational speed of the engine, executes a series driving mode when that the clutch is successfully opened and speed limit driving when that the clutch has failed to be opened.

Abstract: A system and method for using human driving patterns to detect and correct abnormal driving behaviors of autonomous vehicles are disclosed. A particular embodiment includes: generating data corresponding to a normal driving behavior safe zone; receiving a proposed vehicle control command; comparing the proposed vehicle control command with the normal driving behavior safe zone; and issuing a warning alert if the proposed vehicle control command is outside of the normal driving behavior safe zone. Another embodiment includes modifying the proposed vehicle control command to produce a modified and validated vehicle control command if the proposed vehicle control command is outside of the normal driving behavior safe zone.

Abstract: A driving control method may include performing a road surface adaptability control in which when an uneven road surface of a road on which a vehicle is driven is recognized by a controller, a wheel torque control of the vehicle is performed so that a squat effect and a dive effect are generated in the vehicle passing through the uneven road surface.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a vehicle can be implemented with a drive-by-wire controller which operates subsystems of the vehicle such as throttle, brakes, and steering based on electrical signals from transducers on the vehicle controls and without a direct physical link between the controls, such as the steering wheel, and the components of the corresponding vehicle subsystem. In such cases, the stability control feature of the vehicle can be adapted to detect conditions such as oversteering which can make the vehicle unstable and unsafe and can adjust the steering and other controls of the vehicle to correct the unstable or unsafe condition regardless of the physical input on the steering wheel and other controls.

Abstract: Path planning method for computing optimal parking maneuvers for road vehicles including the steps of computing a set of value functions of a cost function of parking maneuvers reaching the target set of states as unique viscosity solution of a Hamilton Jacobi Bellman equation, supplying the set of value functions, together with a starting state of the vehicle, as input to the dynamic programming calculation procedure calculating at least the set of vehicle controls. The set of equations modeling the evolution of the state of said road vehicle is a switched system of equations between a first sub-system if the vehicle is in forward motion and a second sub-system if the vehicle is in reverse motion. The cost function takes into account the arrival time a number of direction changes of the road vehicle between forward motion and reverse motion.

Abstract: A vehicle surrounding display apparatus comprises a display control means for displaying images, each of which corresponding to each of a plurality of display modes on a display screen. The display control means, when at a first mode, generates a first bird's-eye view image of a vehicle and a first surrounding region thereof seen from a bird's-eye view to display this image in a first display area with a fixed size on the display screen and generates a first another image to display this image in a second display area with a fixed size on the display screen, and when at a second mode, generates a second bird's-eye view image of a vehicle and a second surrounding region thereof wider than the first surrounding region to display this image in the first display area and generates a second another image to display this image in the second display area.

Abstract: A safety device for a vehicle includes a sensor system and an evaluation and control unit that is coupled to the sensor system via an interface and that evaluates information from the sensor system in order to detect objects in the area ahead of the vehicle, calculates, on the basis of the information from the sensor system, a likely impact point of a detected object and/or a likely amount of overlap of the detected object and the vehicle, brings the vehicle into a defined slide-off position by way of a targeted intervention into the vehicle dynamics when the calculated likely impact point and/or the calculated amount of overlap satisfies at least one predefined condition.

Abstract: A driving assistance apparatus determines, based on an instantaneous indicator which is an instantaneous value of a parameter regarding steering of the own vehicle, whether a driver has started a collision avoidance operation for avoiding a collision between a target and the own vehicle. When it is determined that the collision avoidance operation has been started, a support start timing for starting driving assistance for avoiding the collision or reducing collision damage is set to be a timing later than when the collision avoidance operation has not been started. The support start timing during a collision avoidance time period which is a time period until a predetermined set time has elapsed after it is determined that the collision avoidance operation has been started is set based on a time-dependent indicator for steering indicated by the instantaneous indicator at timings during the collision avoidance time period.

Abstract: A driving support apparatus according to the invention estimates the position of a moving body by controlling a position estimation unit when the tracking-target moving body leaves a first area or a second area to enter a blind spot area and detects the position of the moving body by controlling a position detection unit when the moving body leaves the blind spot area to enter the first area or the second area. In this manner, the trajectory of the tracking-target moving body is calculated so that the trajectory of the moving body detected in the first area or the second area and the trajectory of the moving body estimated in the blind spot area are continuous to each other and driving support is executed based on the calculated trajectory of the tracking-target moving body.

Abstract: A course evaluation apparatus includes an estimated-course-group generation portion that generates a plurality of estimated course groups for a movable body; and a course evaluation portion that performs a course evaluation on the plurality of estimated course groups with respect to at least two different evaluation criteria.

Abstract: In a driving support device for a vehicle, a collision prediction unit uses a determination plane defined by a lateral position axis indicating a position with respect to a vehicle in a lateral direction orthogonal to a vehicle traveling direction, and a prediction time period axis indicating a time-to-collision set in the vehicle traveling direction. Specifically, the collision prediction unit establishes a first collision prediction area as an area in the determination plane. The collision prediction unit determines whether an object is present in the first collision prediction area. Based on this determination, the collision prediction unit predicts a collision between the vehicle and the object. The width of the first collision prediction area along the lateral position axis is set based on the width of the vehicle. The lateral position of the first collision prediction area is set based on the speed of the object and the time-to-collision.

Abstract: Methods and systems are presented for regenerating a particulate filter. In one example, vehicle speed control mode parameters may be adjusted in response to an amount of soot stored in a particulate filter being greater than a first threshold. The vehicle speed control parameters may be returned to base values in response to the amount of soot stored in the particulate filter being less than a second threshold.

Abstract: A system and method for adaptive cruise control for defensive driving are disclosed. A particular embodiment includes: receiving input object data from a subsystem of an autonomous vehicle, the input object data including distance data and velocity data relative to a lead vehicle; generating a weighted distance differential corresponding to a weighted difference between an actual distance between the autonomous vehicle and the lead vehicle and a desired distance between the autonomous vehicle and the lead vehicle; generating a weighted velocity differential corresponding to a weighted difference between a velocity of the autonomous vehicle and a velocity of the lead vehicle; combining the weighted distance differential and the weighted velocity differential with the velocity of the lead vehicle to produce a velocity command for the autonomous vehicle; and controlling the autonomous vehicle to conform to the velocity command.

Abstract: A system and method for adaptive cruise control for low speed following are disclosed. A particular embodiment includes: receiving input object data from a subsystem of an autonomous vehicle, the input object data including distance data and velocity data relative to a lead vehicle; generating a weighted distance differential corresponding to a weighted difference between an actual distance between the autonomous vehicle and the lead vehicle and a desired distance between the autonomous vehicle and the lead vehicle; generating a weighted velocity differential corresponding to a weighted difference between a velocity of the autonomous vehicle and a velocity of the lead vehicle; combining the weighted distance differential and the weighted velocity differential with the velocity of the lead vehicle to produce a velocity command for the autonomous vehicle; adjusting the velocity command using a dynamic gain; and controlling the autonomous vehicle to conform to the adjusted velocity command.

Abstract: A system and method for adaptive cruise control with proximate vehicle detection are disclosed. The example embodiment can be configured for: receiving input object data from a subsystem of a host vehicle, the input object data including distance data and velocity data relative to detected target vehicles; detecting the presence of any target vehicles within a sensitive zone in front of the host vehicle, to the left of the host vehicle, and to the right of the host vehicle; determining a relative speed and a separation distance between each of the detected target vehicles relative to the host vehicle; and generating a velocity command to adjust a speed of the host vehicle based on the relative speeds and separation distances between the host vehicle and the detected target vehicles to maintain a safe separation between the host vehicle and the target vehicles.

Abstract: In a vehicle control apparatus, a gradient calculator calculates a gradient difference between a reference gradient of a reference road section of an own vehicle and a target gradient of an objective road section of an image-detected object. A corrector corrects, based on the calculated gradient difference, second location information about the image-detected object measured by an imaging device to thereby correct a second distance of the image-detected object relative to the own vehicle. A determiner determines whether a radar-based object is identical with the image-detected object in accordance with first location information about the image-detected object measured by a radar device and the corrected second location information about the image-detected object.

Abstract: A drive cycle controller includes a drive cycle switching unit and an output state determination unit. The drive cycle switching unit switches a drive cycle of a microcomputer, which monitors an output of a device, from a first drive cycle to a second drive cycle that is shorter than the first drive cycle if the microcomputer detects a change in an output of the device at an activation timing in the first drive cycle. The output state determination unit determines an output state of the device if the microcomputer confirms that the output has remained changed at an activation timing in the second drive cycle.

Abstract: Provided herein is a vehicle including a powertrain including a prime mover operably coupled to a transmission, wherein the transmission is operably coupled to a plurality of wheels; a plurality of sensors configured to monitor operating conditions of the vehicle including an accelerator pedal position; and a controller configured to receive signals from the plurality of sensors and send an output signal to control a torque request to the powertrain, wherein the controller includes a calibrateable map having values of the torque request based on the accelerator pedal position and an estimated weight of the vehicle.

Abstract: Controls for improved performance of a vehicle equipped with start-stop control logic are disclosed. Deviation from nominal engine start-stop control logic for the internal combustion engine occurs when a predetermined mission related type of stop event will occur or is occurring that is different from other stop event types that are controlled by the nominal engine start-stop control logic. At least one of a location and a payload associated with the mission related stop event type is provided as an input to the controller before the vehicle arrives at the stop event so that operating parameters of the vehicle are controlled accordingly.

Abstract: A start-stop device initiates an automatic switch-off process of a driving machine in a motor vehicle. The start-stop device is designed to automatically switch off the driving machine when predefined switch-off conditions are met. The start-stop device has a stop coordinator which identifies a switch-off behavior suitable for the switch-off process on the basis of available information and ensures that the identified switch-off behavior is implemented when an automatic switch-off process is initiated.

Abstract: A method of guiding a coasting time point of a vehicle includes steps of detecting occurrence of an upcoming deceleration event, determining driver's coasting characteristics for each deceleration event based on information of the detected occurrence of an upcoming deceleration event and a vehicle driving state, and determining a coasting guidance time point based on a determined result of coasting characteristics corresponding to a type of the detected deceleration event. The method provides, to a driver, information of a time point at which the driver needs to release an accelerator pedal operation, in order to begin coasting at an appropriate time point when a deceleration situation is assumed to lie ahead.

Abstract: A coasting control method of an eco-friendly vehicle includes steps of acquiring deceleration event information and road gradient information in front of a vehicle during driving, by a controller in the vehicle, determining target vehicle speed in a deceleration event in consideration of road gradient based on the deceleration event information and the road gradient information, by the controller, determining expected vehicle speed while the vehicle is decelerated in a coasting state, based on current vehicle speed, by the controller, determining a start location for starting coasting based on target vehicle speed in consideration of current vehicle speed of the vehicle and the road gradient and expected vehicle speed at a target location as a deceleration event location, by the controller, and operating an information provider for coasting guidance and coasting induction to a driver at a start location, by the controller.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present invention provide a control system configured to control a driveline of a motor vehicle to operate in a selected one of a plurality of configurations, the control system being configured to receive an environment indication signal indicative of an environment surrounding the vehicle, the control system being configured to determine, based on the environment indication signal, whether there is a need to pre-emptively brake the vehicle before brake torque is demanded of a braking system of the vehicle and the control system being configured, when it is determined that there is a need to pre-emptively brake the vehicle, to cause the driveline to operate in a second configuration and not a first configuration, wherein in the first configuration a first group of one or more wheels are arranged to be driven by the driveline and in the second configuration the first group of one or more wheels and in addition a second group of one or more wheels are arranged to be driven by the drivel

Abstract: Provided is a surrounding environment recognition device that is mounted in a vehicle, including: a traveling path information acquisition unit that acquires traveling path information indicating a traveling path for the vehicle; a surrounding environment element information acquisition unit that acquires surrounding environment element information that includes spatial positional-relationship information indicating a spatial positional relationship to the vehicle, which relates to an environment element in the vicinity of the vehicle; a relationship-of-environment-element-to-traveling calculation unit that calculates a relationship of the environment element to traveling of the vehicle, based on the traveling path information and the spatial positional-relationship information; a surrounding environment information provision unit that provides information relating to the environment element, based on the relationship to the traveling of the vehicle, which is calculated by the relationship-of-environment-elem

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicle and a control method therefor. A vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a display unit; a communication unit configured to wirelessly communicate with an external device; and a control unit, capable of wirelessly communicating with the vehicle, for controlling the display unit so as to display a plurality of indicators corresponding to each of a plurality of other vehicles searched by the communication unit on the display unit, initiate wireless communications with a first other vehicle included in the plurality of other vehicles in response to a first user input, and display a user interface which guides shared contents receivable from the first other vehicle, wherein each of the indicators includes identification information of a specific vehicle of the plurality of other vehicles.

Abstract: A road surface friction coefficient estimation apparatus for a vehicle includes: a first estimator; a second estimator; and a third estimator. The first estimator estimates a first road surface friction coefficient on a basis of a vehicle information acquired from the vehicle. The second estimator estimates a second road surface friction coefficient on a basis of an external information acquired from an outside of the vehicle. The third estimator estimates a road surface friction coefficient from the first road surface friction coefficient and the second road surface friction coefficient on a basis of a first reliability degree and a second reliability degree, the first reliability degree indicating a reliability of the first road surface friction coefficient, the second reliability degree indicating a reliability of the second road surface friction coefficient.

Abstract: A method for the self-check of at least one driving function of an autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle in vehicle operation, after an error message about the at least one driving function, in which in one step, at least one vehicle electronic system and/or at least one sensor is/are restarted, a check is made for a further appearance of the error message after each restart, and in the event an error message is not repeated after the restart, the driving function in question is checked during operation of the autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle.

Abstract: A control system for a vehicle having an electric motor for providing drive torque to at least one wheel of the vehicle, an internal combustion engine for providing drive torque to at least one wheel of the vehicle, a manual transmission unit having a user selectable gear ratio that includes at least one user selectable forward gear and/or reverse gear, and a clutch actuator, the control system comprising a controller arranged to have three user selectable modes of operation, wherein in a first mode of operation the controller is arranged to allow the clutch actuator to engage and disengage the internal combustion engine from the manual transmission unit based upon a user selection, wherein when the clutch actuator is arranged to engage the internal combustion engine with the manual transmission unit, torque generated by the internal combustion engine is applied to the at least one wheel, and the electric motor is arranged to provide drive torque to the at least one wheel of the vehicle based on whether the u

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed to alter the driving profile of a vehicle. An example method disclosed herein determines, based on a user selection, a desired driving profile to apply to a vehicle. The example method includes identifying a set of alterations to operating parameters of vehicle systems associated with the desired driving profile. The example method includes determining a subset of the set of alterations that the vehicle can execute, and in response to determining the subset that the vehicle can execute, applying the subset to the vehicle to produce the desired driving profile.

Abstract: An apparatus for a vehicle, a vehicle, a method, and a program having a program code. The apparatus has at least one input interface to receive sensor data from at least one sensor module, wherein the sensor data includes sensor information about a behavior of at least one occupant of the vehicle and/or about a travel situation of the vehicle. The apparatus has a control module to determine a potential need for information by the vehicle occupant based on the sensor information. The control module provides information corresponding to the potential need for information and ascertains a representation of the information according to the potential need for information in the vehicle based on the sensor information. The apparatus has at least one output interface for providing at least one video signal or control signal according to the ascertained representation on one or more display devices.

Abstract: An advanced driver assistance system designed to receive and process motor-vehicle position-related data and motor-vehicle motion-related data of a host motor vehicle and of neighbour motor vehicles detected in the vicinity of the host motor vehicle and which have been determined as entering the same roundabout in which the host motor vehicle will enter, to provide assistance to the driver of the host motor vehicle for negotiating the roundabout. A degree of proximity of the host motor vehicle and the neighbour motor vehicle to the roundabout based on motor-vehicle position-related data is determined and a determined alert level is provided the driver.

Abstract: In a vehicle control apparatus which controls movement of the own vehicle, the control unit obtains data of surroundings of the own vehicle. Then, according to the data of the surroundings, the control unit conducts vehicle control including acceleration/deceleration control representing control related to acceleration/deceleration of the own vehicle, and steering control representing control related to steering of the own vehicle. Upon input of a stop command indicating stop of the vehicle control, a first stop section stops first control which is either of the acceleration/deceleration control and the steering control. Then, a second stop section stops a second control, which is the other of the acceleration/deceleration control and the steering control, at a timing different from the timing to stop the first control (S310).

Abstract: A system for securing a screen door module to a platform extending along a track and having at least one upright at each end and a threshold between the end uprights. The system includes a first platform edge coping plate, a second platform edge coping plate, a first base mounted fixedly on one of the first and second platform edge coping plates, a second base mounted with the ability to move in a translational movement in a direction parallel or tangential to the track, and in a direction closer toward or further away from the first base on the other of the first and second platform edge coping plates, and means of securing and adjusting the end uprights on the first and second bases.

Abstract: A motor suspension assembly includes a frame bracket configured to be coupled with a vehicle frame having mounting locations for upper and lower suspension bars that are positioned for a direct current (DC) traction motor to rest upon the upper suspension bar and for elastic pads to be disposed between the upper and lower suspension bars. The frame bracket is configured to be coupled with the vehicle frame in place of at least one of the upper suspension bar or the lower suspension bar. The assembly also includes a dog bone suspension link configured to be coupled with a nose bracket of an alternating current (AC) traction motor and the frame bracket. The dog bone suspension link is configured to absorb vibration by at least partially rotating about one or more of the nose bracket or the frame bracket during operation of the AC traction motor.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, a railcar comprises an underframe, a pair of sidewall assemblies, a pair of end wall assemblies, and one hopper bay formed between the pair of sidewall assemblies and the pair of end wall assemblies. The one hopper bay includes a longitudinal discharge opening extending the length of the hopper bay. The one hopper bay may extend the length of the railcar. The railcar may further comprise one or more longitudinal discharge gates coupled to the hopper bay and configured to cover the longitudinal discharge opening. The one or more longitudinal discharge gates are movable away from the longitudinal discharge opening, thereby allowing lading within the hopper to discharge through the longitudinal opening.

Abstract: A carbody of a railcar includes an underframe, a side bodyshell, and a roof bodyshell. At least one of the underframe, the side bodyshell, and the roof bodyshell includes: an outer plate portion facing a car outside; and a reinforced portion joined to an inside surface of the outer plate portion and forming at least one internal space between the reinforced portion and the outer plate portion. At least one sound absorbing hole communicating with the internal space is formed on the outer plate portion.

Abstract: A rail car air-conditioning device is equipped with: a refrigerant circuit that has a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger; an outdoor blower; a compressor operation frequency deriver that derives a compressor operation frequency of the compressor on the basis of a rail car interior setting temperature and a rail car interior temperature; an inverter for compressor use that drives the compressor at the compressor operation frequency; an outdoor blower operation frequency deriver that, in accordance with a predetermined correspondence relationship, derives a blower operation frequency of the outdoor blower corresponding to the compressor operation frequency; and an inverter for outdoor blower use that drives the outdoor blower at the blower operation frequency. The outdoor blower operation frequency deriver has a highly energy efficient energy-saving mode and a low-energy efficiency low-noise mode, and can switch between the energy-saving mode and the low-noise mode.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a display apparatus comprising attachment means for attaching said display apparatus to a window of a passenger vehicle; first light energy conversion means (710a), arranged to convert, when in use, daylight into a first amount of electrical energy; second light energy conversion means (710b), arranged to convert, when in use, ambient light inside said passenger vehicle into a second amount of electrical energy; an energy storage (720) operatively connected to said first light energy conversion means and said second light energy conversion means to store at least part of said first amount of electrical energy and at least part of said second amount of electrical energy; a wireless communication interface (760; 795; 770) for receiving information to be displayed; and display means (740; 750) for displaying at least part of said received information; and an activation controller (730) arranged to draw energy from said energy storage (720) and responsive to a wirelessly transmitted acti