Abstract: The present disclosure relates to new nucleotide and oligonucleotide compounds and their use in nucleic acid sequencing applications.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and kits for direct sequencing of nucleic acid targets. Such methods can be used to determine if one or more nucleic acid targets are present in a sample.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a single-end sequencing method for improved detection of genomic rearrangements such as deletions, insertions, inversions, and translocations that are present in a polynucleotide. A first priming event allows for sequencing of a target sequence, and a second priming event on an adapter allows for identification of the sequences amplified and tagged by selective amplification. The combination of priming events in the same direction facilitates read alignment and the identification of any genomic rearrangements.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of diagnosis of disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions, methods, systems, and devices for polynucleotide processing. Such polynucleotide processing may be useful for a variety of applications, including polynucleotide sequencing.

Abstract: A method of identifying a gene associated with a disease or pathological condition of the disease includes: a) obtaining a first group of exome sequences from a first population suffering from the disease or pathological condition and a second group of exome sequences from a second population not having the disease or pathological condition; b) identifying one or more variants in the first group by comparing it with the second group, and optionally with a public database, to generate a first set of variant data; c) applying a variant quality score calibration tool with a truth sensitivity threshold to remove false-positive variants having a sensitivity lower than the threshold and background variants from the first set of variant data so as to obtain a second set of variant data; d) removing synonymous variants from the second set of variant data to obtain a third set of variant data; and e) identifying one or more deleterious variants from the third set of variant data using a gene burden analysis, optionall

Abstract: Provided herein are methods, kits, and devices for detecting ischemic stroke and identifying biomarkers of ischemic stroke. Evaluating the expression patterns of ischemic stroke biomarkers in biological samples can allow for the diagnosis of stroke in a time-sensitive and bedside manner.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of in vitro or ex vivo evaluation of the risk of complications in a patient who has sustained an insult or an infection generating a systemic inflammatory response syndrome, the method being characterized in that it comprises the step of detecting, in a biological sample obtained from said patient, at least one transcript of the IL7R gene, as well as measuring, in vitro or ex vivo, the quantity of at least one transcript of the IL7R gene, in a biological sample from a patient who has sustained an insult or an infection generating a systemic inflammatory response syndrome, in order to evaluate the risk of complications, and in particular of mortality, in said patient. The invention also concerns kits for measuring, in vitro or ex vivo, the quantity of at least one transcript of the IL7R gene in a biological sample.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of determining a risk of developing coronary artery disease in a subject, the method comprising identifying whether at least 95 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from Table D is present in a biological sample from the subject, wherein the presence of a risk allele of a SNP from Table D indicates that the subject has an increased risk of coronary artery disease, and wherein the presence of an alternative allele indicates that the subject has a decreased risk of coronary artery disease.

Abstract: Compositions, polynucleotides, probes, kits, methods, computer systems, treatment methods and genetic markers useful for assessing the risk of Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD), Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA), Ventricular Arrhythmia (VA), or Heart Failure (HF) are provided herein. The compositions, polynucleotides, probes, kits, methods, computer systems, treatment methods and genetic markers of the invention can provide patients selection for those that can be treated with an ICD or CRT-D based on assessing the presence of one or more Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with any one of Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD), Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA), Ventricular Arrhythmia (VA), or Heart Failure (HF), and can indicate treatment with certain drugs such as beta-blockers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for selecting a gene intended to predict the prognosis for a cancer, to the selected gene for predicting the prognosis of cancer and to a kit for predicting and a method for predicting metastasis in breast-cancer patients by using the same. In the present invention, a straight forward method is used to achieve high-reliability prediction of the patient's prognosis by analysing for the genetic characteristics of early stage breast cancer, and thus the present invention can be used to advantage in prognosis diagnosis which can reduce unnecessary anticancer therapy.

Abstract: Embodiments concern methods and compositions for distinguishing benign from malignant thyroid tumor in a patient based on the expression levels of one or more miRNAs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods, systems and kits for the diagnosis, prognosis and the determination of cancer progression of prostate cancer in a subject. The invention also provides clinically useful genomic classifiers for predicting prostate cancer metastasis and identifying tumor aggressiveness. The methods, systems and kits can provide expression-based analysis of biomarkers for purposes of predicting metastatic disease and lethal prostate cancer in a subject. Further disclosed herein, in certain instances, are probe sets for use in predicting prostate cancer metastasis in a subject. Classifiers for predicting prostate cancer metastasis are provided. Methods of treating cancer based on tumor aggressiveness are also provided. The methods and classifiers of the present invention are also useful for predicting early prostate cancer metastasis.

Abstract: The present invention relates in a first aspect to new methods for diagnosing or identifying breast cancer or pre-forms thereof in a subject as well as methods for monitoring the development or progress of breast cancer or pre-forms thereof in a subject and methods for the stratification of the therapeutic regimen of a subject suspected to be afflicted with breast cancer or being at risk of developing breast cancer or pre-forms thereof whereby the level or amount of methylation of at least one of the promoters selected from SPAG6-, PER1- and NKX2-6-gene in a sample of said subject is determined followed by the step of diagnosing or identifying breast cancer or pre-forms thereof based on the level on amount of methylation of the at least one promoter. Further, the present invention relates to the use of a kit in a method according to the present invention.

Abstract: The diagnostic markers that provide novel diagnostic criteria to blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) has been searched, and the presence of immunoblastoid cytomorphology, 8q24 rearrangement, and MYC expression were established as novel markers for subtyping BPDCN. It has been further found that the inhibitors which directly or indirectly inhibit the expression, functions, or signaling pathways of MYC, such as BET bromodomain-selective inhibitors or aurora kinase inhibitors, are effective in MYC-positive BPDCN, and HDAC inhibitors or BCL2 family protein inhibitors are effective as therapeutic drugs for BPDCN.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting microbial toxin in a food matrix are disclosed. The system includes an imaging device operable to detect a luminescent signal and an analysis plate having a well to hold a sample containing the microbial toxin. The luminescence is created by a cell line having a reporter gene expressing a product capable of reacting directly or indirectly with the microbial toxin to produce the luminescent signal. The system includes an optional accessory cell line which when exposed to the microbial toxin displays the microbial toxin as an antigen on its surface to activate expression of the reporter gene expressing the product capable of reacting directly or indirectly with the microbial toxin to produce the luminescent signal. The signal is processes via an image processing system operable to receive the luminescent signal detected by the imaging device and convert the luminescent signal to a quantitative measurement correlated to an amount of the microbial toxin present in the sample.

Abstract: A pelt processing system that comprises a tanning unit for tanning a pelt, which has been fixated to an expanded pelt board having a pelt board top, a pelt board bottom and a connecting element at the pelt board bottom. The pelt board is further operable between an expanded state and a non-expanded state by moving the connecting element relative to the pelt board bottom. A holding unit is provided for accommodating a plurality of the elongated hollow pelt boards. The holding unit defines a top plate having a number of apertures and each of the apertures are adapted for accommodating the connecting element. A blowing unit is further provided and is compatible with the holding unit and comprises a bottom plate, which is parallel to and spaced apart from the top plate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for grading leather based upon the size and spacing of the breaks in the leather. All or a portion of a hide is fed to a fixture that compresses a local area of the hide into a concave shape. The outer side of the hide is compressed and the inner side of the hide is expanded to cause breaks to be manifested in a local area. The local area of the hide is scanned with a digitizing profilometer that measures the depth of the breaks as the hide is fed through the fixture. The depth data measured by the digitizing profilometer is recorded by a controller. The depth data is then correlated with location data representing the local area scanned to develop a map of the break.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for hydrophobising leather, comprising the steps: providing tanned, at least partly dried leather whose content of free water is in the range of from 0 to 25 wt. %, based on the weight of the dried leather, treating the leather with a mixture of compressed gas and a hydrophobising agent at a pressure of at least 30 bar in a pressure vessel, and relieving the pressure of the pressure vessel to ambient pressure. By using the method according to the invention it is possible to obtain leather which is hydrophobised at the surface, as well as thick and firm, deeply hydrophobised leather, as is used, for example, for shoe soles.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for coloring a stainless steel object. The method includes a mechanical step of abrading the surface of a stainless steel object to be colored, slowly heating the object to a predetermined temperature, slowly cooling the object to a predetermined temperature, cleaning and then sealing the object for use. Color is controlled by the degree of abrasion imparted on the stainless steel during the mechanical process. Coarse abrasion results in blue colors while fine abrasions result in copper, gold and bronze colors. Once abraded, the stainless steel is heated slowly in a convection oven to approximately 940° Fahrenheit to fix the color. The device is then slowly cooled to approximately 125° Fahrenheit which stabilizes the stainless steel for use. After cooling the stainless steel can be cleaned with phosphate and sealed using conventional powder coating methods.

Abstract: A high-pressure processing system includes a first chamber, a second chamber adjacent the first chamber, a foreline to remove gas from the second chamber, a vacuum processing system configured to lower a pressure within the second, a valve assembly to isolate the pressure within the first chamber from the pressure within the second chamber, a gas delivery system configured to introduce a gas into the first chamber and to increase the pressure within the first chamber to at least 10 atmospheres, an exhaust line to remove gas from the first chamber, and a containment enclosure surrounding a portion of the gas delivery system and the exhaust line to divert gas leaking from the portion of the gas delivery system and the exhaust line to the foreline.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ferritic stainless steel according to the present invention, containing, in mass %: 0.001%?C?0.020%, 0.05%?Si?0.50%, 0.1%?Mn?1.0%, 15.0%?Cr?25.0%, Mo<0.50%, 0.50%?W?5.00%, and 0.01%?Nb?0.50%, with a balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, having a content (coarse Laves phase ratio) of coarse Laves phase having a diameter of 0.50 ?m or more being 0.1% or less, and having an average grain size being 30 ?m or more and 200 ?m or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a steel sheet for tool, and method for manufacturing thereof. An embodiment of the present invention is a steel sheet for a tool comprising 0.4 to 0.6 wt % of C, 0.05 to 0.5 wt % of Si, 0.1 to 1.5 wt % of Mn, 0.05 to 0.5 wt % of V, 0.1 to 2.0 wt % of at least of one or two components selected from the group comprising Ni, Cr, Mo, and combinations thereof, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, with respect to 100 wt % of the total steel sheet, and provides a steel sheet for a tool of which the deviation of Rockwell hardness by the position in the width direction is within 5 HRC, and the ratio of those having a wave height in the longitudinal direction within 20 cm is 90% or more with respect to the wave height per 1 m of the steel sheet comprising the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet for a tool.

Abstract: A process of producing an austenitic stainless steel tube comprises the steps of: a) producing an ingot or a continuous casted billet of the austenitic stainless steel, b) hot extruding the ingot or the billet obtained from step a) into a tube, c) cold rolling the tube obtained from step b) to a final dimension thereof. The outer diameter D of the cold rolled tube is 70-250 mm and the thickness t thereof is 6-25 mm, and the cold rolling step is performed such that the following formula is satisfied: (2.5×Rc+1.85×Rh?17.7×Q)=(Rp0.2target+49.3?1073×C?21Cr?7.17×Mo?833.3×N)±Z ??(1) wherein Rp0.2target is targeted yield strength and is 750?Rp0.2target?1000 MPa, 30?Rc?75%, 50%?Rh?90%, 1?Q?3.6, and Z is 65.

Abstract: A non-directional electrical steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes, in wt %, 2.5 to 3.3 wt % of Si, 0.05 to 1 wt % of Al, 0.05 to 1 wt % of Mn, 0.01 wt % or less of (not including 0 wt %) S, 0.005 wt % or less of (not including 0 wt %) N, 0.005 wt % or less of (not including 0 wt %) C, 0.005 wt % or less of (not including 0 wt %) Ti, 0.005 wt % or less of (not including 0 wt %) 0.001 to 0.1 wt % of P, 0.001 to 0.1 wt % of Sn, and 0.001 to 0.1 wt % of Sb, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and satisfies Formulas 1 to 3 below. 1.7?[Si]([Al]+[Mn])?2.9 ??[Formula 1] 50?13.25+11.3*([Si]+[Al][Mn]/2)?60 ??[Formula 2] 0.025?[P]+[Sn]+[Sb]?0.15 ??[Formula 3] (In Formulas 1 to 3, [Si], [Al], [Mn], [P], [Sn], and [Sb] represent the content (in wt %) of Si, Al, Mn, P, Sn, and Sb, respectively).

Abstract: A non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises, by weight, 1.0% to 4.0% of Si, 0.001% to 0.01% of Al, 0.002%?to 0.009% of S, 0.01% to 0.3% of Mn, 0.001% to 0.004% of N, 0.004% or less (0% exclusive) of C, 0.003% or less (0% exclusive) of Ti, 0.005% to 0.07% of Cu, 0.05% to 0.2% of either or both of Sn and P, and a balance amount of Fe and impurities.

Abstract: A non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises 0.005 wt % or less of C (excluding 0 wt %), 1.0-4.0 wt % of Si, 0.15-1.5 wt % of Al, 0.1-1.0 wt % of Mn, 0.2 wt % or less of P (excluding 0 wt %), 0.005 wt % or less of N (excluding 0 wt %), 0.001-0.006 wt % of S, 0.005 wt % or less of Ti (excluding 0 wt %), and 0.005 wt % or less of O (excluding 0 wt %), and the remainder being Fe and other inevitable impurities, and satisfies formula 1 below, wherein a mean size of oxides in the precipitates is larger than a mean size of non-oxides. [ Si ] 1.8 + 1.3 × [ Al ] > 3.7 × [ Mn ] × [ Mn ] Formula ? ? ( 1 ) (Here, [Si], [Al] and [Mn] represent the contents (in wt %) of Si, Al and Mn, respectively.

Abstract: A steel containing C: not more than 0.0050%, Si: 0.1-5.0%, Mn: 0.02-3.0%, sol. Al: not more than 0.0050%, P: not more than 0.2%, S: not more than 0.0050%, N: not more than 0.0040%, T. Ca: 0.0010-0.0080%, T. O: not more than 0.0100% and having (T. Ca/T. O) of not less than 0.50 but not more than 2.0 by decarburizing to a C content of not more than 0.0050%, adding Si, decreasing Al as much as possible, and adding Ca is melted to form a slab. The slab is subjected to a hot rolling at a coiling temperature of not lower than 550° C., a cold rolling and a finish annealing, or the slab is subjected to a hot rolling, a hot band annealing at a temperature of 900-1150° C., a cold rolling and a finish annealing to thereby produce a non-oriented electrical steel sheet.

Abstract: To reduce variations in iron loss among materials subjected to magnetic domain refining by electron beam irradiation and to stably obtain good iron loss properties, disclosed is a method of producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet including performing magnetic domain refining treatment by irradiating with an electron beam, in a pressure reduced area, a surface of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet after subjection to final annealing, the method further including: before the irradiating with the electron beam, delivering the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet wound in a coil shape and heating the delivered grain-oriented electrical steel sheet to 50° C. or higher; and then cooling the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet such that the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet has a temperature of lower than 50° C. at the time of entering the pressure reduced area.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an oriented electrical steel sheet according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a step of manufacturing a steel slab including one kind or more among Si at 2 to 7%, Sn at 0.03 to 0.10%, and Sb at 0.01 to 0.05% as wt %; a step of hot-rolling the steel slab to manufacture a hot rolled sheet; a step of cold-rolling the hot rolled sheet to manufacture a cold rolled sheet; a step of decarburizing and nitriding the cold rolled sheet for primary recrystallization annealing; a step of coating and drying an annealing separating agent on the primary recrystallization-annealed cold rolled sheet; and a step of secondary recrystallization-annealing the cold rolled sheet coated with the annealing separating agent.

Abstract: A method of heat treating a fastening member having a head portion, a shank portion, and a thread portion includes hardening the fastening member to a first hardness value. Hardening of the fastening member includes heating the fastening member at a first pre-set temperature value. The method also includes tempering the fastening member at a second pre-set temperature value to a second hardness value. The method further includes induction tempering the thread portion of the fastening member. Induction tempering of the thread portion includes heating the thread portion at a third pre-set temperature value to a third hardness value. The third hardness value of the thread portion is less than the second hardness value of the head portion and the shank portion.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention is a steel sheet for quench hardening, satisfying a prescribed composition and having a Mn concentration satisfying the formula (1): S1+S2<?10×[Mn]+44 (1), where [Mn] is Mn concentration in a steel sheet analyzed by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrography (% by mass); S1 is an area % of the region where the Mn concentration analyzed by an electron beam microprobe analyzer in the structure at a position of ¼ of the steel sheet thickness is two times or more the [Mn]; and S2 is an area % of the region where the Mn concentration analyzed by an electron beam microprobe analyzer in the structure at a position of ¼ of the steel sheet thickness is 0.5 times or less the [Mn].

Abstract: A process for thermal treatment of a sulfur-containing ore in which the ore is calcined at temperatures of between 600 and 1200° C. in the presence of oxygen in a reactor so that between 1 and 90% by weight of sulfur contained in the ore is burned to sulfur dioxide and impurities contained are driven off in gaseous form. The exhaust gas being produced and containing the sulfur dioxide is fed into a gas purification comprising at least one component and/or the calcined ore is fed into at least one further process stage. An exhaust gas from the gas purification and/or the process stage and/or a gas used for cooling within the gas purification or for cooling within a further process stage is at least partially returned back into the reactor as recycling gas having a temperature of >100° C.

Abstract: A method for separating metal components from a treatment material containing a silicate and metal elements includes: a reaction step of reacting the treatment material and a molten alkali hydroxide in which bubbles due to water vapor derived from water are generated by heating a hydroxide of an alkali metal or an alkaline-earth metal and the water in a state where the hydroxide and the water coexist, to obtain a reaction product; and a first precipitation step of dissolving the reaction product of the treatment material and the molten alkali hydroxide after the reaction step in water, thereby generating a precipitate containing the metal elements.

Abstract: Materials and methods for precious metal recovery are disclosed. Usable leaching solutions are preferably aqueous based and include appropriate materials in sufficient quantities to solubilize and stabilize precious metal. Such materials typically include oxidant material. Some or all of the oxidant material can be, in some instances, generated in-situ. The leaching solution is typically contacted with a substrate having a target precious metal, thereby solubilizing precious metal to form a stable, pregnant solution. The precious metal can then be recovered from the pregnant solution. In some instances, components of the leaching solution can be regenerated and reused in subsequent leaching.

Abstract: A hydrometallurgical method 80 for the removal at least one of iron, aluminum, arsenic, sulfur, nickel, cobalt, zinc and cadmium (impurities) from a copper concentrate to produce an upgraded copper concentrate 92, the method comprising the step of: subjecting the copper concentrate to an acidic leaching process (NONOX leach 120) in a multi-compartment autoclave using a copper sulfate containing lixiviant under lowered electrochemical conditions, to implement a controlled removal of between 20% and 99% of at least one of the impurities to produce the upgraded copper concentrate. The NONOX leach 120 is conducted to produce the majority of required soluble copper sulfate from a partial oxidation of the feed copper concentrate in a first compartment 200 of the multi-compartment autoclave under particular conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a separation method of a rare earth element and iron including: forming alkali silicate slag incorporating a rare earth element, by melting a rare earth-iron-containing material together with an alkali silicate flux in a metallic silicon melt or an iron-silicon alloy melt; and separating rare earth-containing slag from an iron-silicon alloy, in which volatilization of alkaline components contained in the flux is suppressed by performing heating and melting under an oxidizing atmosphere, and the rare earth-containing slag having a SiO2/Na2O molar ratio of 2.1 or less is formed.

Abstract: A copper alloy disclosed in the present description has a basic alloy composition represented by Cu100-(x+y)SnxMny (where 8?x?16 and 2?y?10 are satisfied), in which a main phase is a ?CuSn phase with Mn dissolved therein, and the ?CuSn phase undergoes martensitic transformation when heat-treated or worked.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a high-tensile brass alloy containing 55-65 wt-% copper; 1-2.5 wt-% manganese; 0.7-2 wt % tin; 0.2-1.5 wt % iron; 2-4 wt % nitrogen; 2-5 wt % aluminum; 0.2-2 wt % silicon; 2.0 wt % cobalt maximum; and the remainder zinc together with unavoidable impurities, wherein the sum of the elements manganese and tin is at least 1.7 wt % and at most 4.5 wt.

Abstract: A Cr filament-reinforced CrMnFeNiCu(Ag)-based high-entropy alloy and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The high-entropy alloy, according to an exemplary embodiment in the present disclosure, includes, by at. %, Cr in an amount greater than 5% and less than 42%, Mn in an amount greater than 5% and less than 35%, Fe in an amount greater than 5% and less than 35%, Ni in an amount greater than 5% and less than 35%, and at least one of Cu in an amount greater than 3% and less than 35%, and Ag in an amount greater than 3% and less than 35%, and residual inevitable impurities. The high-entropy alloy has a dual phase in which a Cr or a Cr-rich phase is distributed within a matrix of the high-entropy alloy in filament or ribbon form.

Abstract: Provided is a high strength and high corrosion-resistance Ni-based alloy having excellent hot forgeability, which is suitable for a member for oil drilling, the Ni-based alloy having a composition consisting of, by mass %, 42.1 to 45.5% of Cr, 0.5 to 2.5% of Nb, 1.2 to 2.0% of Ti, 0.0001 to 0.0090% of Mg, 0.001 to 0.040% of N, 0.01 to 0.50% of Mn, 0.001 to 0.050% of Si, 0.01 to 1.00% of Fe, 0.01 to 2.50% of Co, 0.001 to less than 0.500% of Cu, 0.001 to 0.050% of Al, 0.005 to less than 0.100% of V, 0.0001 to 0.0100% of B, 0.001 to 0.050% of Zr, and the balance of Ni with inevitable impurities, and the composition preferably further consists of any one of 0.1 to 1.5% of Mo, 0.1 to 1.5% of W, 0.001 to less than 0.050% of Ca, and 0.001 to less than 0.050% of Ta.

Abstract: There is provided a wire for a reed switch used for a material of a reed piece comprised by a reed switch, the wire being composed of an iron-group alloy containing Fe and 0 mass % or more and less than 10 mass % of Ni, with a total content of the Fe and the Ni satisfying 10 mass % or more and less than 20 mass %, with a balance of Co and an impurity, the iron-group alloy having a cubic crystal structure, the wire having a Curie temperature of 900° C. or higher and a specific resistance of 15 ??·cm or less at normal temperature, a ratio of a thermal expansion coefficient of a glass tube comprised by the reed switch to a thermal expansion coefficient of the wire for the reed switch being 90% or more, the wire having a diameter of 1 mm or less.

Abstract: A superhard polycrystalline construction comprises a body of polycrystalline superhard material comprising a superhard phase, and a non-superhard phase dispersed in the superhard phase, the superhard phase comprising a plurality of inter-bonded superhard grains. The non-superhard phase comprises particles or grains that do not chemically react with the superhard grains and form less than around 10 volume % of the body of polycrystalline superhard material. There is also disclosed a method of forming such a superhard polycrystalline construction.

Abstract: A composition includes tungsten (W); at least one element selected form the group of elements consisting of boron (B), beryllium (Be) and silicon (Si); and at least one element selected from the group of elements consisting of titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), ruthenium (Ru), hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), rhenium (Re), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), lithium (Li) and aluminum (Al). The composition satisfies the formula W1-xMxXy wherein X is one of B, Be and Si; M is at least one of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Hf, Ta, Re, Os, Ir, Li and Al; x is at least 0.001 and less than 0.999; and y is at least 4.0. A tool is made from or coated with this composition.

Abstract: The present invention describes a novel martensitic steel with iron, nickel, boron, a carbide former, manganese, and carbon. The steel has substantially no cementite, substantially no interstitial carbon and substantially no interstitial nitrogen. There are ordered intermetallics dispersed in the iron and ordered intermetallics clustered at the dislocations. The present invention also describes a method of making high strength steel by alloying steel comprising iron and carbon with a strong carbide former, boron, and titanium, followed by heating the alloy steel to a sufficiently high temperature that the steel transitions to an austenitic, face centered cubic lattice phase and the strong carbide former removes substantially all of the carbon from the crystal lattice by forming a metal carbide other than iron carbide.

Abstract: Provided are a high-strength steel sheet having a specified chemical composition, in which a Mn-segregation degree in a region within 100 ?m from a surface thereof in a thickness direction is 1.5 or less, in a plane parallel to the surface of the steel sheet in a region within 100 ?m from the surface of the steel sheet in the thickness direction, the number of oxide-based inclusion grains having a grain long diameter of 5 ?m or more is 1000 or less/100 mm2, a proportion of the number of oxide-based inclusion grains having a chemical composition containing alumina of 50 mass % or more, silica of 20 mass % or less, and calcia of 40 mass % or less to the total number of oxide-based inclusions having a grain long diameter of 5 ?m or more is 80% or more, a specified metallographic structure, and a TS of 980 MPa or more, a high-strength galvanized steel sheet, and a manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for suppressing abnormal grain growth in friction stir welded aluminum alloys by inserting an intermediate annealing treatment (“TAT”) after the welding step on the article. The TAT may be followed by a solution heat treatment (SHT) on the article under effectively high solution heat treatment conditions. In at least some embodiments, a deformation step is conducted on the article under effective spin-forming deformation conditions or under effective superplastic deformation conditions. The invention further provides a welded article having suppressed abnormal grain growth, prepared by the process above. Preferably the article is characterized with greater than about 90% reduction in area fraction abnormal grain growth in any friction-stir-welded nugget.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for forging a component, in particular a component made of a TiAl material, in which the die for forging is heated to a specified first temperature prior to the forging, and in which a preform of the component to be forged is preheated to a specified second temperature, wherein the first temperature is lower than the second temperature, and first and second temperatures are selected so that during the forging, the surface temperature of the preform does not fall below a minimum forging temperature, and the temperature of the die does not increase above a maximum die temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to the pressure processing of metals, and specifically to methods for preparing rods and workpieces from titanium alloys, with applications as a structural material in nuclear reactor cores, in the chemical and petrochemical industries, and in medicine. The invention solves the problem of producing rods from high-quality titanium alloys while simultaneously ensuring the high efficiency of the process. A method for preparing rods or workpieces from titanium alloys includes the hot forging of an initial workpiece and subsequent hot deformation, the hot forging of an ingot is carried out following heating, with shear deformations primarily in the longitudinal direction and a reduction ratio of k=(1.2?2.5), and then performing hot rolling forging, without cooling, changing the direction of shear deformations to being primarily transverse and with a reduction ratio of up to 7.0, and conducting subsequent hot deformation by heating deformed workpieces.

Abstract: A pretreatment assembly includes a product support assembly and a pretreatment device. The product support assembly includes a primary support assembly, a primary drive assembly, a number of secondary support assemblies, and a secondary drive assembly. The primary drive assembly is operatively coupled to the primary support assembly. The primary drive assembly imparts a generally constant motion to the primary support assembly. Each secondary support assembly is structured to support a number of work pieces. Each secondary support assembly is movably coupled to the primary support assembly. The secondary drive assembly is operatively coupled to each secondary support assembly. The secondary drive assembly selectively imparts a motion to each secondary support assembly. The pretreatment device is disposed adjacent the product support assembly.