Abstract: The invention relates to methods and systems of converting electrical energy to chemical energy and optionally reconverting it to produce electricity as required. In preferred embodiments the source of electrical energy is at least partially from renewable source. The present invention allows for convenient energy conversion and generation without the atmospheric release of CO2. One method for producing methane comprises electrolysis of water to form hydrogen and oxygen, and using the hydrogen to hydrogenate carbon dioxide to form methane. It preferred to use the heat produced in the hydrogenation reaction to heat the water prior to electrolysis. The preferred electrical energy source for the electrolysis is a renewable energy source such as solar, wind, tidal, wave, hydro or geothermal energy. The method allows to store the energy gained at times of low demand in the form of methane which can be stored and used to generate more energy during times of high energy demand.

Abstract: Methods and associated systems for storing compressed air and extracting energy from the compressed air are disclosed. An exemplary method comprises: compressing air; storing the compressed air in a first storage tank at a first pressure; transferring the compressed air from the first storage tank to a second storage tank; storing the compressed air in the second storage tank at a second pressure lower than the first pressure; discharging the compressed air from the second storage tank; and extracting energy from the compressed air discharged from the second storage tank. The method may also comprise adding heat to the compressed air between the first storage tank and the second storage tank.

Abstract: A nose cone may have a spinner including a main portion and an axially extending stepped portion. The nose cone may also have an annular aft support ring radially secured to the axially extending stepped portion. The nose cone may further include a fairing, which may be secured to the stepped portion.

Abstract: A cooling system for a gas turbine is provided that may include a drive shaft, a shield of a combustor of the gas turbine engine, and a conduit. The drive shaft may be configured to mechanically couple a compressor of the gas turbine engine to a turbine of the gas turbine engine. The shield may be positioned between the compressor and the turbine. The combustor may be configured to drive the turbine. The conduit may be configured to supply a cooling fluid to a gap between an outer surface of the drive shaft and the shield of the combustor.

Abstract: A method for regulating oil cooling within an oil cooling device of a turbomachine including a first heat exchanger mounted in series with a second heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger being an oil/air exchanger while the second heat exchanger is an oil/fuel exchanger, each heat exchanger having an oil inlet and an oil outlet, a bypass directly connecting the oil inlet of the first heat exchanger to the oil outlet of the first heat exchanger, and a flow regulator to regulate the flow rate of oil flowing through the bypass. Circulation of oil though the bypass is allowed by means of the flow regulator when the oil temperature is less than or equal to a predetermined temperature comprised between 70° C. and 90° C., preferably equal to about 80° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas-turbine combustion chamber having a combustion chamber wall, to which combustion chamber tiles are fastened by means of bolts, where in the bolt fastening area in the combustion chamber wall at least one impingement cooling hole is provided, the center axis of which is inclined to the center axis of the bolt and intersects a transition area between the bolt and the combustion chamber tile.

Abstract: A component for a gas turbine engine includes at least one cooled surface configured to contact a cooling flow, the at least one cooled surface has a base surface and a plurality of cooling nubs disposed about the base surface. The plurality of cooling nubs are distributed about the base surface in a mixed pattern.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine assembly is provided having a gas turbine engine and a fuel supply in flow communication with the gas turbine engine. An accumulator is positioned in flow communication between the fuel supply and the gas turbine engine to store fuel pressure in fuel flowing from the fuel supply to the gas turbine engine.

Abstract: A fluid dispensing apparatus that may be additive manufactured as one unitary piece and may be a fuel injector for a gas turbine engine includes a radial displacement bellows having an outer surface that faces and may be exposed to a surrounding environment and an interior surface that faces and may define at least in-part a flowpath extending along a centerline. The radial displacement bellows is constructed and arranged to move between an expanded state when a pressure differential between the environment and the flowpath is low to a restricted state when the pressure differential is high.

Abstract: A seal assembly, includes a first brush supported between first and second plates, a second brush supported on the first and second plates transverse to the first brush seal, and a third plate attached to the second brush.

Abstract: A hybrid drive system driven by a gas turbine engine is disclosed. The hybrid drive system includes a planetary gear set, a first motor-generator, and a second motor-generator. The planetary gear set includes a first member, a second member, and a third member. The first member is operatively coupled to the second member and the third member. The first member is operatively coupled to and transmits power from a shaft of the gas turbine engine. The first motor-generator is drivingly coupled to the third member. The second motor-generator includes an output and is drivingly coupled to the second motor-generator by the second member and the third member. The hybrid drive system is configured to transfer the power from the shaft to the output of the second motor-generator.

Abstract: Axially adjacent annular booster bleed aft and forward plenums with annular common wall therebetween extend radially outwardly from transition duct. Variable bleed valve includes bleed valve door in bleed inlet in transition duct, attached to rotatable valve body rotatable about axis of rotation, operable to open and close bleed inlet to aft plenum. Rotatable plenum door clocked or circumferentially spaced apart from variable bleed valve door and attached to rotatable valve body, operable to close and open up and control flow through an inter plenum aperture in common wall. Aft and forward bleed exhaust ducts extend from booster bleed aft and forward plenums to bypass flow path. One or more heat exchanger, such as from thermal management system, may be disposed in the bleed exhaust ducts. Heat exchangers may be used for cooling oil for power gear box and/or engine bearings, air conditioning, or variable frequency generator.

Abstract: A gas turbine system includes a combustor configured to combust an oxidant and a fuel in the presence of an exhaust gas diluent to produce combustion products, an oxidant supply path fluidly coupled to the combustor and configured to flow the oxidant to the combustor at an oxidant flow rate, and a turbine configured to extract work from the combustion products to produce an exhaust gas used to generate the exhaust gas diluent. The turbine causes a shaft of the gas turbine system to rotate when the work is extracted from the combustion products. The system also includes an electrical generator that generates electrical power in response to rotation by the shaft, and a controller that performs load control in response to a target load by adjusting the oxidant flow rate along the oxidant flow path as a primary load control parameter.

Abstract: A combustion control device (50) is installed in a gas turbine including a compressor (2), combustors (3), a turbine (4), a bleed air pipe (12) through which bleed air is returned to an inlet of an air intake facility (7), and an air bleed valve (22) that regulates the amount of bleed air extracted. The combustion control device (50) includes: a fuel distribution setting unit (70) that sets a turbine inlet temperature or a turbine inlet temperature-equivalent control variable on the basis of input data, and sets fuel distribution ratios on the basis of the turbine inlet temperature or the turbine inlet temperature-equivalent control variable; and a fuel valve opening setting section (81) that sets the valve openings of fuel regulating valves. The fuel distribution setting unit (70) includes correction means for modifying the fuel distribution ratios.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a parallel arrangement of at least two valved aspirators, with a high pressure source such as an intake throttle inlet coupled to a motive inlet of the arrangement and a low pressure sink such as an intake throttle outlet coupled to a mixed flow outlet of the arrangement. Intake throttle position and respective valves arranged in series with each aspirator of the arrangement are controlled based on intake manifold pressure and/or a desired engine air flow rate, for example such that a combined motive flow rate through the arrangement increases as intake manifold pressure increases. An intake throttle with a fully closed default position may be used in conjunction with the arrangement; during a fault condition where the intake throttle is fully closed, the valves of the arrangement may be controlled to achieve a controllable engine air flow rate during the fault condition.

Abstract: An engine may include an electric continuously variable valve timing apparatus for adjusting opening timing of an intake valve provided at a cylinder head, and a continuously variable valve duration apparatus for adjusting duration of exhaust valve provided at the cylinder head.

Abstract: A continuous variable valve timing apparatus may include a camshaft, a cam device on which a cam is formed respectively and of which the camshaft is inserted thereto, wherein a relative phase angle with respect to the camshaft is variable, an inside bracket configured to transmit rotation of the camshaft to the cam device, a lifter in which the inside bracket is rotatably inserted therein and on which a cylinder opening and a shaft opening are formed thereon, a control shaft parallel to the camshaft and to which a control rod, inserted into the shaft opening, is eccentrically formed, a control cylinder on which a control rod opening where the control rod is inserted therein is formed and inserted into the cylinder opening, a guide portion guiding movement of the lifter and a controller selectively rotating the control shaft, wherein the lifter may move.

Abstract: A method for maximizing a fuel efficiency of an engine includes the steps of providing an engine including a plurality of cylinder bores formed therein, disposing at least one first permanent magnet on a piston and at least one second permanent magnet on the throw, disposing a plurality of electromagnets in the engine block, selectively attracting and repelling the at least one first and second permanent magnets with a magnetic field of the electromagnets to affect a motion of the piston in respect of the engine block and deactivating and reactivating the plurality of cylinder bores in a desired sequence by stopping a flow of fuel thereto and a flow of electrical energy to a spark plug for a deactivated cylinder bore without deactivating an intake valve or an exhaust valve for the deactivated cylinder bore.

Abstract: A method of evaluating operability of a gaseous fuel admission valve of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The method includes operating the internal combustion engine on gaseous fuel by repeatedly actuating the gaseous fuel admission valve. The method further includes measuring a sequence of temporal developments of an electrical operation parameter respectively associated with an actuation of the gaseous fuel admission valve. The sequence includes a first temporal development to be evaluated and a plurality of temporal developments preceding the first temporal development. The method also includes evaluating operability of the gaseous fuel admission valve based on the first temporal development of the measured sequence and at least one of the plurality of preceding temporal developments of the measured sequence.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a method for operating including, determining, using an accelerator pedal position sensor, an operator request for power and determining an engine operating point based upon the operator request for power. A motored-cylinder temperature is determined based upon the engine operating point, and a knock-limited combustion phasing point is determined based upon the motored-cylinder temperature and the engine operating point. Engine operating parameters associated with achieving the knock-limited combustion phasing point are selected. Operation includes controlling, by a controller, engine control states in response to the engine operating parameters associated with achieving the knock-limited combustion phasing point and the operator request for power.

Abstract: Embodiments for controlling boost pressure during transient conditions are disclosed. In one example, a method includes, responsive to deactivation of a first turbine of a first turbocharger, deactivating an exhaust valve of a cylinder to flow exhaust gas from the cylinder to a second turbine of a second turbocharger, and adjusting a speed of the second turbocharger via an electric machine coupled to the second turbocharger in a generator mode; and responsive to activation of the first turbine, activating the exhaust valve to flow exhaust gas from the cylinder to the first turbine and the second turbine, and adjusting the speed of the second turbocharger via the electric machine in an auxiliary drive mode.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for learning a cylinder-to-cylinder air variation. During conditions when a PFDI engine is operated in a port-injection only mode, prior to port fuel injection, a direct-injection fuel rail pressure may be lowered via direct-injection. Then, prior to a spark event in a port-injected cylinder, the direct-injector may be transiently opened to use the rail pressure sensor for estimating a cylinder compression pressure, and inferring cylinder air charge therefrom.

Abstract: Systems and methods for operating an engine with an oil pump that supplies engine oil to various oil consumers in an engine are presented. In one example, a displacement of a variable displacement engine oil pump is adjusted to provide sufficient oil pressure throughout the engine, but low enough to conserve fuel.

Abstract: A method for controlling an exhaust gas purification apparatus as a catalyst oxygen purge control method during a cold engine period of an exhaust gas purification apparatus including a three way catalyst (TWC) converter purifying exhaust gas exhausted from the engine includes determining whether a fuel cut condition of an injector which injects the fuel to the combustion chamber is satisfied; performing a fuel cut of the injector when the fuel cut condition is satisfied; determining heat load of the three way catalyst by use of a temperature detector and an exhaust gas flow rate detector; measuring oxygen storage capacity (OSC) stored in the three way catalyst according to the heat load; determining an inflection point by use of variation amount of the OSC; and controlling oxygen purge period differently around the inflection point.

Abstract: A method and system for blending between different torque maps of a vehicle in a smooth and progressive manner. Blending is delayed if the vehicle driver cannot detect that blending is taking place, for example, when the difference between a source map and target map is below a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A starting control method for a vehicle having an engine may include determining, by an ECU, whether engine RPM rises when the engine is started, determining whether combustion-related parts are normal, when the engine RPM does not rise over a starter RPM, determining whether a cam position sensor and a crank position sensor are normal, when it is determined that the combustion-related parts are normal, performing control to offset a recognized crank angle by 360 degrees, when it is determined that the cam position sensor and the crank position sensor are normal, and restarting the engine based on the offset crank angle.

Abstract: A process and a system for preventing pre-ignition in an internal combustion engine (ICE) includes detecting an ionization level of a combusted gas from a cylinder of the ICE during gas exchange and for a given combustion cycle i. When the ionization level is greater than a reference ionization level a pre-ignition countermeasure prior to and/or during an immediate subsequent combustion cycle i+1 is executed. The ionization sensor may be part of a spark initiating device of the ICE or be a separate ionization sensor.

Abstract: A misfire detecting system for an engine of a vehicle that detects a misfire of the engine is provided, which includes a processor. The processor determines whether a misfire has occurred by examining whether a fluctuation of a crank angle of the engine is equal to or greater than a determination reference value, acquires a value relating to a density of intake air introduced into the engine, and adjusts the determination reference value according to the value related to the density.

Abstract: Methods and systems for operating an engine that includes an electrically operated throttle are disclosed. In one example, mitigating actions are taken in response to degradation of the electrically operated throttle so that the engine may be operated in a way that allows a driver to reach a service area.

Abstract: A method for controlling a plurality of injectors installed in the same cylinder of an engine may include determining whether an electrical failure occurred in any of the injectors, and entering a fail-safe mode when an electrical failure has occurred only in one of the plurality of injectors in the same cylinder. In the fail-safe mode, fuel supply to an injector that has experienced an electrical failure is cut off, and the amount of fuel injected into the cylinder by a normally operating injector is increased.

Abstract: The invention relates to a control apparatus of an engine. The apparatus carries out a minute-injection for injecting a minute amount of a fuel so as not to generate an engine torque when a required engine load is zero. The apparatus calculates at least one coefficient for correcting a heat release gravity position calculated when the minute-injection is carried out such that it corresponds to its base position and/or for correcting a heat release rate corresponding the gravity position calculated when the minute-injection is carried out such that it corresponds to its base rate. When the required engine load is larger than zero, the apparatus controls the gravity position corrected by the coefficient to its target position.

Abstract: Disclosed are engine torque and emission control (ETEC) systems, methods for using such systems, and motor vehicles with engines employing ETEC schemes. An ETEC system is disclosed for operating an internal combustion engine (ICE) assembly. The system includes an engine sensor for monitoring engine torque, an exhaust sensor for monitoring nitrogen oxide (NOx) output of the ICE assembly, and an engine control unit (ECU) communicatively connected to the engine sensor, exhaust sensor, and ICE assembly.

Abstract: A powertrain assembly includes an engine having at least one cylinder and at least one electric machine operatively connected to the engine. A motor speed sensor is operatively connected to and configured to obtain motor speed data of the electric machine. A controller is operatively connected to the motor speed sensor. The controller including a processor and tangible, non-transitory memory on which is recorded instructions for executing a method for detection of firing irregularities in the at least one cylinder. Execution of the instructions by the processor causes the controller to obtain the motor speed data at a predefined time interval from the motor speed sensor, until a predefined time window is reached. A fast Fourier transform of the motor speed data during the predefined time window is obtained. The controller is configured to control the engine based at least partially on the fast Fourier Transform.

Abstract: A direct fuel injection internal combustion engine having an injector for directly injecting fuel into a combustion chamber thereof is provided. The engine is configured so that a tumble flow is generated in the combustion chamber. A fuel injection by the injector can be performed in a first injection mode and a second injection mode, the first injection mode being a mode in which the fuel injection is completed after the tumble flow is generated, and the second injection mode being a mode in which the fuel injection is completed before the tumble flow is generated. The fuel injection of the first injection mode is performed before completion of the warming-up of the engine, and the fuel injection of the second injection mode is performed after completion of the warming-up of the engine.

Abstract: A direct-injection internal combustion engine is described and includes a pressure sensor that is disposed to monitor in-cylinder combustion pressure. A method, executed as a control routine in an attached controller, includes monitoring engine speed, engine load, temperature and combustion pressure. Combustion variation parameters are determined based upon the combustion pressure. A desired state for a combustion parameter can be determined based upon the engine speed, the engine load, and the temperature, and an adjustment to the desired state for the combustion parameter can be determined based upon the combustion variation parameters, wherein the adjustment to the desired state is selected to achieve acceptable states for the combustion variation parameters. Operation of the internal combustion engine is controlled based upon the desired state for the combustion parameter and the adjustment to the desired state for the combustion parameter.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for direct fuel injection. In one example, a fuel injector system includes an injector needle with an injector pin with a curved fuel channel of non-uniform width around the outer circumference of the injector pin, fluidically connected along the length of the curved fuel channel with a fuel reservoir inside the injector pin. An actuator coupled to the injector needle may sequentially move and position the injector needle to establish fluidic connection between the curved fuel channel and with one or more nozzle holes of the fuel injector at each position, where a duration of the fluidic connection at each position is based on a width of the curved fuel channel, and may determine the volume of fuel being discharged from only those nozzle holes, thereby reducing fuel spray interaction and increasing fuel spray atomization.

Abstract: A control apparatus is provided, which controls combustion state such that the Heat Release Rate Barycentric Position (Gc) coincides with the Target Barycentric Position (Gc*), and which can prevent an increase in the combustion noise caused by an increase in an ignition lag which occurs in a case where an EGR apparatus is in execution, and, a rotational speed is low or an engine load is low. The control apparatus (ECU70) prevents the increase in the ignition lag by increasing a supercharging pressure of a supercharger (44) which the engine (10) is equipped with, thus, it prevents the increase in the combustion noise.

Abstract: A method for producing a piston may include forming a piston blank in a first forming tool such that the piston blank surrounds a ring carrier configured to receive a piston ring via positive engagement after producing the ring carrier by a sintering process. The piston blank, at least in a circumferential region disposed at a piston head, may be composed of a light metal alloy suitable for forging. The method may also include removing the piston blank from the first forming tool and placing the piston blank in a second forming tool, and inserting a holding-down tool into the second forming tool to hold the ring carrier down. The method may further include pressing a final forming punch into the second forming tool to deform the piston blank and form a piston.

Abstract: There is provided a piston for an internal combustion engine, the piston including: a heat-shielding film provided to an upper surface of a land part of the piston, the heat-shielding film having a lower thermal conductivity than a piston base material and having a lower heat capacity per unit volume than the piston base material; and a first heat-retaining film provided to a side surface of the land part, the first heat-retaining film having a lower thermal conductivity than the piston base material and having a higher heat capacity per unit volume than the heat-shielding film.

Abstract: Pressurized lubricating oil is accumulated in the bearings of opposed pistons and accumulated oil is dispensed therefrom for bearing lubrication and also for cooling the undercrowns of the pistons by jets of oil emitted from the bearings.

Abstract: In the engine having a plurality of wire harnesses, a groove section is formed by conductive walls configured to surround a part of the outer peripheral surface of selected one of the wire harnesses. Another one of the wire harnesses is attached to a wire harness cover fixed to the engine by a plate section extended from the groove section in such a manner that the another one of the wire harnesses is disposed adjacent to the selected one of the wire harnesses with one of the walls being interposed inbetween.

Abstract: A machinery casing portion for an engine, the machinery casing portion having a first sealing face configured to engage a second sealing face of a second machinery casing portion so as to form a sealed joint therebetween in an assembled configuration, the machinery casing portion comprising: a recess configured to receive a sealant, the recess being provided adjacent to the first sealing face; and at least one opening configured to receive a fastener, wherein the opening at least partially extends into a wall of the recess.

Abstract: Disclosed is an efficient thermal energy power apparatus. A nozzle is arranged on a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine. The nozzle is connected to a pressure pump through a pipe. The pressure pump is connected to a liquid storage tank through a pipe. The liquid storage tank is connected to a cooler through a pipe, and the cooler is connected to an exhaust passage through a pipe. The advantages of the present invention are: a working stroke enables the temperature of a cylinder block to be lowered, and the compression ratio is high; due to being filtered by the cooler and the liquid storage tank, discharged exhaust gas is more environmentally friendly than that of existing engines.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure are directed to a thrust reverser system of an aircraft comprising: a translating cascade sleeve, a blocker door, and a kinematic mechanism configured to actuate the blocker door, the kinematic mechanism comprising: a first link coupled to the translating cascade sleeve, a second link coupled to the first link and a fixed structure, and a third link coupled to the first link and the blocker door.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine includes a fan forward of a primary flowpath inlet. The fan includes multiple fan blades distributed radially about, and connected to, a hub. A fan nacelle is positioned radially outward of the fan and includes an inner diameter. The inner diameter is sloped relative to an engine axis such that a forward portion of the fan nacelle has a smaller inner diameter than an aft portion of the fan nacelle. A fan blade spacer is disposed between a radially inward facing surface of at least one fan blade and a radially outward facing surface of the hub. The fan blade spacer has a radial thickness at least equal to a slope drop of the fan nacelle.

Abstract: An apparatus for filling a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) vehicle with LPG may include an auxiliary chamber disposed in an LPG bombe of the LPG vehicle, an auxiliary injection line branched from a fuelling line extending to the LPG bombe from a fuel inlet port for connection to the auxiliary chamber, a solenoid valve mounted in the auxiliary injection line to selectively allow or block a flow of LPG to the auxiliary chamber, a temperature sensor to detect a temperature in the bombe, and a controller to control the solenoid valve to be opened when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is equal to or higher than a critical temperature.

Abstract: A gas injector for directly injecting a gaseous fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, including a valve closure element for releasing and closing a passage opening, the valve closure element opening in the direction of a flow direction of the gas injector, a sealing seat between the valve closure element and a valve body, a flow-guiding element being situated downstream of the sealing seat in the flow direction of the gas injector and configured to form a gas jet to be injected into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A control system of an engine including a cylinder and a fuel injector, the fuel mixing with air to form a mixture gas and combusting inside the cylinder is provided, which includes a water injector for injecting supercritical water or subcritical water into the cylinder, and a controller. Within a high engine speed operating range, the controller controls the water injector to inject the one of supercritical water and subcritical water into the cylinder for a given period including a top dead center of the cylinder on compression stroke, such that when an injection amount of the one of supercritical water and subcritical water reaches half of a given injection amount, a crank angle of the engine corresponds to a retarding side of the top dead center, the given injection amount being a total amount of the supercritical water or subcritical water injected for the given period.

Abstract: The present invention provides a canister mounted in a vehicle to reduce the discharge of fuel gas and, more particularly, a canister with a heater configured such that fuel gas adsorbed onto active carbon filled in the canister is more easily desorbed from the active carbon and introduced into an engine. The canister with the heater according to the present invention includes a canister housing including a tank port and a purge port, which are provided at the top thereof, and a plurality of inlet holes provided on one side thereof to introduce air; and a heater connected to the top of the plurality of inlet holes of the canister housing and including an air port provided at the top thereof, an open bottom, and a heater module provided therein.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a first medium and a second medium has a body comprising a pair of header plates, a pair of distribution plates, and a pair of case body lateral panels. Input and output header plates have a plurality of orifices, with a flow path assembly extending between each input header plate orifice and the corresponding output header plate orifice. Each flow path assembly includes at least one chamber assembly, having a corresponding medium directing component, disposed between a pair of tubular segments. Input and output distribution plates have a plurality of orifices. A first medium inlet side tank engages with the input header, a first medium output side tank engages with the output header plate, a second medium inlet side tank engages with the input distribution plate, and a second medium output side tank engages with the output distribution plate.