Abstract: A display device includes a display panel, a light shielding unit, a supporting unit, and a backlight module. The display panel includes a first substrate and a first polarizer. The first substrate has a first surface, and the first surface has a first active area and a first non-active area. The first non-active area is disposed adjacent to the first active area, and the first polarizer is disposed on the first active area. The light shielding unit is disposed on the first non-active area and connected to the first polarizer. The supporting unit is disposed corresponding to the light shielding unit. The backlight module is disposed corresponding to the display panel and includes an optical film. The supporting unit is disposed between the light shielding unit and the optical film, and contacts the light shielding unit and the optical film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a display area, a peripheral area, and a boundary area between the display area and the peripheral area and further includes: a first substrate; a switching element disposed on the first substrate in the display area; a pad disposed on the first substrate in the peripheral area and electrically connected with the switching element; a protective film disposed on the first substrate in the display area, the peripheral area, and the boundary area, and covering the switching element and the pad; a color filter disposed on the protective film in the display area; and a planarization film covering the color filter and contacting the protective film in the boundary area and the peripheral area. The planarization film is provided with a first opening overlapping the pad and at least one second opening formed in the boundary area.

Abstract: A method of attaching a polarizer includes preparing a first stage on which a display panel is disposed and a second stage on which a first polarizer is disposed, measuring a shape of a curl of the first polarizer; determining an attachment direction of the first polarizer with respect to the display panel based on the measured curl shape of the first polarizer and attaching the first polarizer to a first surface of the display panel by rotating at least one of the first stage and the second stage based on the determined attachment direction.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display device and virtual reality glasses. The display device comprises an array substrate, which comprises a base substrate, a plurality of sub-pixels arranged on the base substrate, and a grating arranged on the base substrate. The grating comprises a plurality of sub-gratings having different structures, and each sub-grating comprises an adjusting part for adjusting propagation direction of light rays, so that light rays exiting from the adjusting part converge to a predetermined spatial position. The array substrate further comprises a plurality of preset areas, and the plurality of sub-gratings correspond to sub-pixels located in different preset areas respectively. The display device further comprises a light source disposed beside the base substrate. The light rays emitted from the light source are parallel light. The light rays are totally reflected in the array substrate except in regions where the adjusting parts of sub-gratings are located.

Abstract: A display panel and a manufacturing method therefor, a drive method and a display device. The display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate which are arranged opposite to each other. The first substrate includes a first base substrate, and a plurality of first wire grid polarizers and a plurality of pixel units, which are successively located on a side of the first base substrate facing the second substrate in an array arrangement; polarization directions of two adjacent first wire grid polarizers are perpendicular to each other. The second substrate includes: a second base substrate, and a plurality of second wire grid polarizers in an array arrangement which are located on a side of the second base substrate facing the first substrate, and polarization directions of two adjacent second wire grid polarizers are perpendicular to each other.

Abstract: An electro-optic assembly includes a first partially reflective, partially transmissive substrate defining a first surface and a second surface. A second partially reflective, partially transmissive substrate defines a third surface and a fourth surface. A space is defined between a first substrate and a second substrate. An electro-optic material is disposed between the second surface of the first substrate and the third surface of the second substrate. The electro-optic assembly is operable to change the transmittance state in either a discrete or continuous manner. A transflective coating is disposed on the second surface. The transflective coating includes a silver conductive layer and an overcoat layer including one of a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) and a noble metal. The overcoat layer is disposed between the silver conductive layer and the electro-optic material.

Abstract: A transflective LCD device and a method of forming the same are proposed. The transflective LCD includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a first alignment film, a second alignment film and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate and the second substrate are divided into a transmissive area and a reflective area, in which areas of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are configured respectively by different aligning angles. The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmissive area and the reflective area are tilted by different pretilt angles. Therefore, light going one-way through the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmissive area generates the same phase retardation as making a round-trip through the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflective area.

Abstract: A display device includes a first display unit and a second display unit. The first display unit emits a green light having a first output spectrum corresponding to a highest gray level of the display device. The second display unit emits a blue light having a second output spectrum corresponding to the highest gray level of the display device. Wherein, an intensity integral of the first output spectrum within a range from 380 nm to 780 nm is defined as a first intensity integral, an intensity integral of the second output spectrum within a range from 494 nm to 580 nm is defined as a second intensity integral, a ratio of the second intensity integral to the first intensity integral is defined as a first ratio, and the first ratio is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 26.0%.

Abstract: A backlight unit including: a light source; and a photoconversion layer disposed separately from the light source to convert a wavelength of incident light from the light source and thereby provide converted light, wherein the photoconversion layer includes a polymer matrix and a plurality of anisotropic semiconductor nanocrystals disposed in the polymer matrix, and wherein the polymer matrix includes a polymer having a repeating unit represented by Chemical Formula 1: wherein R1 is hydrogen or a methyl group, each R2 is independently hydrogen or a C1 to C3 alkyl group, and R3 is a C2 to C5 alkyl group, wherein the polymer exhibits elasticity at a temperature between a glass transition temperature of the polymer and about 100° C., and wherein the plurality of anisotropic semiconductor nanocrystals are aligned along a long axis thereof for the photoconversion layer to emit polarized light.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel, a light guide plate configured to guide light to the display panel, a light source module configured to emit light toward the light guide plate, optical sheets disposed between the display panel and the light guide plate, a bottom chassis, on which the light guide plate is seated, and configured to support the optical sheets to be spaced apart from the light guide plate forming an optical distance between the optical sheets and the light guide plate, and a plurality of supporters fixed to the bottom chassis and configured to support the optical sheets to prevent the optical sheets from sagging.

Abstract: A photoluminescence color display comprises a display panel that displays red, green and blue sub-pixel areas, an excitation source operable to generate excitation radiation for operating the display, and a combined layer of photoluminescence materials and filter pigments. The combined layer comprises at least one photoluminescence material, such as a phosphor material or quantum dots, that is operable to emit light corresponding to red, green and blue sub-pixel areas of the display in response to said excitation radiation.

Abstract: A polarized light source configured for use in display device and backlight unit is described. The polarized light source comprising: at least one optically active structure comprising a plurality of nanorods configured to emit light of one or more wavelengths in response to exciting pumping field, said plurality of nanorods comprising nanorods aligned with a predetermined alignment axis so as to produce a desired polarization direction of the emitted light; and a light directing assembly comprising one or more optical elements in optical path of light emitted from the light emitting structure, said light directing assembly being configured to enhance output of the emitted light from the emitting structure while substantially maintaining the polarization of the emitted light passing therethrough. Preferably, layers associated with the polarized light source are aligned with parallel principal axes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mirror display that can be enlarged without quality deterioration. The mirror display includes, in the order from a viewing surface side, a half mirror plate including a reflective polarizer, a polarization conversion layer, and a display device including an absorptive polarizer on a side of the polarization conversion layer. The reflective polarizer includes a transmission axis parallel to the longitudinal direction of the display device and is jointless. The absorptive polarizer includes a transmission axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the display device and is jointless. The polarization conversion layer is configured to convert the polarization of polarized light passed through the absorptive polarizer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device and method of manufacturing the same are provided. The LCD comprises, a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and includes liquid crystal molecules, an alignment film disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate, a pixel electrode disposed between the alignment film and the first substrate, a photo-curable layer between the liquid crystal layer and the alignment films, a common electrode disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate, and a vertical alignment inducing layer between the common electrode and the liquid crystal layer. The vertical alignment inducing layer includes a self-aligned vertical alignment inducer, and the vertical alignment inducer includes a hydrophilic group, and an affinity liquid crystal group having high affinity with the liquid crystal molecules.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate including one surface, a second substrate including one surface and the other surface, a first alignment layer which is disposed on the one surface of the first substrate, includes a polymeric material, and has a first thickness, a first photocured layer disposed on the first alignment layer, a second alignment layer which is disposed on the one surface of the second substrate, and includes a polymeric material same as the polymeric material in the first alignment layer, and which has a second thickness less than the first thickness, a second photocured layer disposed on the second alignment layer, and a liquid crystal layer which includes first liquid crystal molecules and second liquid crystal molecules further vertically aligned than the first liquid crystal molecules in an initial aligned state.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a liquid crystal display device includes an array substrate, a counter substrate, an adhesive layer, a liquid crystal layer, a frame portion, and first and second barrier members. The first barrier member includes a first wall portion having a frame shape and provided on a surface of the array substrate opposing the counter substrate, and first pillar portions arranged spaced apart from each other and each having opposite end faces abutting against the first wall portion and the counter substrate. The second barrier member includes a second wall portion having a frame shape and provided on a surface of the counter substrate opposing the array substrate, and second pillar portions arranged spaced apart from each other and each having opposite end faces abutting against the second wall portion and the array substrate.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate, a lower electrode, an emission layer, and an upper electrode. A transistor part is located on the substrate. The lower electrode is positioned on an insulating layer formed on the uppermost layer of the transistor part and includes a neck having a narrower width than other regions. The emission layer is positioned on the lower electrode. The upper electrode is positioned on the emission layer. The insulating layer is positioned in the neck and has a recessed pattern depressed downward.

Abstract: A display panel and a display device are disclosed. Each of pixels in the display panel includes a pixel area; a switch element located near an intersection of a data line and a scan line; a pixel electrode electrically connected to the switch element; and a common electrode located on the first substrate. The common electrode comprises first common electrodes superposing data lines or scan lines and having the same first width; and second common electrodes overlapping with respective pixel areas and having the same second width, the first width is the same as the second width. Alternatively, the common electrode comprises first slits, which have the same first slit width, located above data lines and scan lines, and second slits, which have the same second slit width and are located in respective pixel areas. The first slit width is the same as the second slit width.

Abstract: An array substrate, a display device and a method for manufacturing an array substrate are provided. The array substrate includes: two first conductive connection strips arranged opposite to each other; and multiple electrode strips arranged between the two first conductive connection strips. The multiple electrode strips are electrically connected to each other via the two first conductive connection strips. Slits are formed between adjacent electrode strips. The multiple electrode strips include at least one electrode strip, of which one end is electrically connected to one of the two first conductive connection strips and another end is spaced at a distance from the other of the two first conductive connection strips to form an opening. The opening is communicated with two adjacent slits.

Abstract: A physical layout for a circuit using amorphous metal non-linear resistors as active devices for an in-plane switching liquid crystal display sub-pixel is provided. The lower interconnect of the two amorphous metal non-linear resistors and the lower electrode of the storage capacitor may be concurrently deposited and patterned. The area of the storage capacitor is defined by the overlap of the data signal inter-connect and the storage capacitor lower electrode, which is easily modified through the size of the lower electrode and/or the size of the data signal interconnect where it overlaps the lower electrode and does not degrade the aperture ratio of the pixel. Two embodiments of sub-pixel circuits are described. One, which employs a select line bridge, enables the use of full dot inversion of the image data. The second only allows row inversion of the image data.

Abstract: A display device is provided. The display device includes a display panel, an electronic element, a flexible circuit board, a frame and a roller. The electronic element is located outside the display panel; the flexible circuit board connects the display panel to the electronic element; the frame includes a protrusion portion extending out of the display panel, the protrusion portion overlaps with a portion of the flexible circuit board located between the display panel and the electronic element; and at a position where the flexible circuit board overlaps with the protrusion portion of the frame, the roller is disposed between the flexible circuit board and the protrusion portion.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes at least one pixel that includes first, second, third, and fourth switches connected to at least one gate line and at least one data line, a first sub-pixel electrode connected to the first switch, a second sub-pixel electrode connected to the second switch, a third sub-pixel electrode connected to the third switch, a fourth sub-pixel electrode connected to the fourth switch, a first capacitor connected between a gate electrode and a source electrode of the first switch, a second capacitor connected between a gate electrode and a source electrode of the second switch, a third capacitor connected between a gate electrode and a source electrode of the third switch, and a fourth capacitor connected between a gate electrode and a source electrode of the fourth switch. At least two of the first, second, third, and fourth capacitors have different capacitance values from one another.

Abstract: A gas purge valve comprising a housing formed with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, said fluid outlet bounded by a kinetic valve seating, and a sealing assembly comprising a float member coaxially displaceable within the housing, and a sealing cap coupled to said float member; the sealing cap being axially displaceable with respect to the float member between a first position in which it conjoins the float, and a second position in which it departs from the float; said sealing cap formed at an outside face thereof with a kinetic seal fitted for sealing engagement of the kinetic valve seating, and an automatic valve aperture formed in the sealing cap and bounded by an automatic valve seating; and an automatic sealing member articulated at an upper end of the float member for sealing engagement of the automatic valve seating.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal display device including a plurality of gate lines extending in a first direction; a plurality of source lines extending in a second direction; and a plurality of pixel areas each surrounded by the gate line and the source line, and arranged in a matrix, wherein each of the pixel areas includes a switching device connected through a contact hole to the source line, each of the plurality of pixel areas is assigned any of at least four colors, two colors out of the four colors are alternately arranged in a same column of the pixel areas, and the switching devices in the respective pixel areas for the two colors alternately arranged share the contact hole connected to the source line.

Abstract: A thin film transistor substrate includes a substrate and thin film transistors arranged in first and second directions above the substrate. Each thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, a drain electrode, a source electrode and a semiconductor layer. The drain electrode is above the gate electrode and includes a first drain oblique portion and a second drain oblique portion extending from an end portion of the first drain oblique portion. The source electrode is spaced apart from the drain electrode above the gate electrode and includes a first source oblique portion and a second source oblique portion extending from an end portion of the first source oblique portion. The semiconductor layer at least partially overlaps the gate electrode and includes a drain region to which the drain electrode is connected, a source region to which the source electrode is connected, and a channel region therebetween.

Abstract: A display device comprises a substrate having a display area, first and second gate lines extending in a first direction in the display area, first and second data lines extending in the display area in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and a pixel defined by the first and second gate lines and the first and second data lines, and having a thin-film transistor and a pixel electrode. The thin-film transistor comprises a gate electrode connected to the second gate line, a source electrode connected to the first data line, and a drain electrode spaced apart from the first source electrode. The drain electrode includes a first end portion extending in the second direction and overlapping with the gate electrode in plan view, and a second end portion electrically connected to the first end portion and to the pixel electrode.

Abstract: A display for an electronic device includes a plurality of pixel portions. Each pixel portion includes one or more electrophoretic capsules disposed above an organic light emitting diode layer. A first electrode assembly and a second electrode assembly are operable to control the one or more electrophoretic capsules. A control circuit selectively controls the first electrode assembly to cause operation of the one or more electrophoretic capsules in an optically non-transmissive state and the second electrode assembly to cause operation of the one or more electrophoretic capsules in an optically transmissive state.

Abstract: A full color display device in which each pixel can display at least seven different optical states. Each pixel comprises two subpixels, and each subpixel includes a respective subpixel electrode driven by a driver. The electrophoretic fluid includes four types of particles, dispersed in a solvent or solvent mixture and each subpixel can display at least four different color states.

Abstract: A beam steering device is provided including a p-n junction layer disposed on a reflective electrode layer, wherein a refractive index of the p-n junction layer is variable according to a voltage applied to the reflective electrode layer; a nanoantenna layer including a plurality of components disposed on the p-n junction layer; and a common electrode electrically connected to each of the plurality of components of the nanoantenna. The p-n junction layer may include a p-doped layer and an n-doped layer.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the technical field of lasers, and particularly relates to a periodically poled crystal and an optical parametric amplifier. The present invention provides a periodically poled crystal, including a first nonlinear region, a linear region and a second nonlinear region, wherein the first nonlinear region and the second nonlinear region both have periodically poled structures. The optical parametric amplifier having the periodically poled crystal can separate the idler wave from the signal wave besides achieving the basic function of optical parametric amplification because the by-produced idler wave transmits in a direction different from the directions that the signal wave and the pump wave transmit, and therefore the energy reflow is suppressed when the optical parametric amplifier has reached saturated amplification, and the performance of the optical parametric amplifier is significantly improved.

Abstract: A solid state optical beam steering device and method of operation includes converting a frequency or wavelength of a signal in a non-linear converter associated with one channel just before launch. A second channel has a similar constructions and operation. A processor compares the phase difference between the two channels and uses the difference to horizontally steer a beam without moving mechanical parts. This establishes the solid-state nature of the present disclosure. The non-linear converter may be a quasi-phase matched non-linear converter with alternating crystal domains.

Abstract: A lens barrel of this technique includes a movable lens barrel unit section, and a master flange unit having a lens unit, and is switched between a collapsed state where the movable lens barrel unit section is stored in the master flange unit and an extended state where the movable lens barrel unit section is extended from the master flange unit. The master flange unit has a moving frame supported to be movable in an optical axis direction via a first elastic member extendable in the optical axis direction, and a lens frame supported to be movable in the optical axis direction via a second elastic member extendable in the optical axis direction relative to the moving frame. In the collapsed state, the movable lens barrel unit section presses the lens frame such that the moving frame and the lens frame get closer to the master flange against repulsive forces of the first elastic member and the second elastic member.

Abstract: Provided is a technology enabling an imaging apparatus and an interchangeable lens to appropriately perform initialization processes. An interchangeable lens includes a lens control unit configured to transmit lens-side initialization execution element information indicating a plurality of lens-side elements on which the lens control unit itself performs initialization to an imaging apparatus in response to reception of body-side initialization execution element information indicating body-side elements on which the imaging apparatus performs initialization from the imaging apparatus. The technology can be applied to, for example, a camera system including a detachable interchangeable lens and an imaging apparatus serving as a camera body side.

Abstract: There is provided an imaging device including an image sensor, and an outer case in which the image sensor is disposed. A shooting button configured to photograph a subject is disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the outer case. When an intersection line between a horizontal surface including a center of the outer case in a vertical direction and the outer peripheral surface of the outer case is set as a horizontal line, the shooting button is positioned close to the horizontal line above the horizontal line. A zoom knob configured to change photographic magnification is positioned on a same side as the shooting button in a horizontal direction.

Abstract: This invention comprises a self-centering mechanism for retaining an object, a clamping device for retaining an electronic device or an electronic device in a case, and means to integrate the devices in an adapter form. The structure of the self-centering mechanism allows for a compact device that is capable of fitting a wide range of differently sized and shaped objects. The clamping device allows for means to retain an electronic device or an electronic device in a case that is capable of fitting a wide range of differently sized and shaped electronic device. The self-centering mechanism and clamping device can also be integrated into the form of an adapter for various applications.

Abstract: A light source module of a projector includes a light source having a lamp axis, a fan for providing a cooling airflow, and a flow guide device disposed between the light source and the fan and for guiding the cooling airflow. The flow guide device includes a first air channel connected between a side of the light source and an air outlet of the fan, a second air channel connected between another side of the light source and the air outlet of the fan, and a first airflow control assembly disposed in the first air channel and for controlling the first air channel either in communication or non-communication states via gravity. The first airflow control assembly has a first control rotating shaft inclined relative to the lamp axis and a first included angle between the first control rotating shaft and the lamp axis is less than 90 degrees.

Abstract: Within a lens-tube main body, the light-shielding member is fixed to a second lens frame in a second portion opposite to a first portion in which an image forming panel is shifted from an optical axis with the optical axis positioned therebetween. Since the light-shielding member is fixed to the second lens frame in the second portion, heat caused by the unnecessary light is distributed from the first portion to the second portion within the light-shielding member. Accordingly, a local temperature rise is suppressed, and deformation of a lens-tube main body is suppressed. Accordingly, tilt of lenses due to deformation of the lenses does not occur, and deterioration in resolution of the entire image caused by the tilt of the lenses or the occurrence of focus position shift in a diagonal direction due to the occurrence of field curvature is suppressed.

Abstract: A projector includes a light source module, a light valve, and a projection lens. The light source module includes a substrate, at least one light emitting element, a heat conducting structure, and at least one electricity insulating and heat conducting element. The light emitting element is disposed on the substrate, and has a conductive portion. The light emitting element provides an illumination beam. The heat conducting structure has at least one concave. The substrate is disposed in the at least one concave, and the conductive portion is located in the concave. The electricity insulating and heat conducting element is disposed in the concave, and covers the substrate and the conductive portion. The light valve is disposed on a transmission path of the illumination beam, and converts the illumination beam to an image beam. The projection lens is disposed on a transmission path of the image beam.

Abstract: The invention provides a light emitting apparatus including a projector color wheel and a light emitting diode (LED) device using a composite material, a method of manufacturing the composite material, and an optical film. The stability of the composite material has been greatly improved. Light emitting devices using the composite material have wide color gamut.

Abstract: Projector display systems comprising a light dimmer and first modulator are disclosed. The light dimmer may comprise an adjustable iris, adjustable light sources and/or LCD stack that is capable of lowering the luminance of the light source illuminated the first modulator. The first modulator may comprise a plurality of analog mirrors (e.g. MEMS array) and the second modulator may comprise a plurality of mirrors (e.g., DMD array). The display system may further comprise a controller that sends control signals to the light dimmer and first modulator. The display system may render a desired dynamic range for rendering a projected image by a combination of such control signals.

Abstract: An illumination system includes an excitation light source, a lens group, a dichroic device and a phosphor wheel. The lens group has an optical axis and a light flux cross-section is perpendicular to the optical axis. The dichroic device includes a dichroic layer for reflecting the excitation beam to the lens group and projecting an overlapping region on the light flux cross-section in a direction of the optical axis. The optical axis does not pass through the overlapping region, and the overlapping region has an area ranged between the ¼ and ½ area of the light flux cross-section. The phosphor wheel receives the excitation beam and has a reflective region and a phosphor region. A projector including the illumination system is also provided.

Abstract: A modeling technique is provided. The modeling technique includes inputting tool parameters into a model and inputting basic model parameters into the model. The technique further includes generating a simulated, corrected reticle design using the tool parameters and the basic model parameters. An image of test patterns is compared against the simulated, corrected reticle design. A determination is made as to whether ?1<?1, wherein ?1 represents model vs. exposure difference and ?1 represents predetermined criteria. The technique further includes completing the model when ?1<?1.

Abstract: A sulfonic acid anion-containing polymer having an alkylsulfonium cation not in covalent bond thereto can be readily prepared by reacting a sulfonic acid anion-containing polymer having an ammonium or metal cation with an alkylsulfonium salt under mild conditions. A resist composition comprising the inventive polymer is effective for suppressing acid diffusion since the sulfonium salt is bound to the polymer backbone. When processed by the ArF lithography, the polymer exhibits a lower absorption at the exposure wavelength than the triarylsulfonium salt form PAGs, resulting in improved resolution, mask fidelity, and LWR.

Abstract: A liquid solder resist composition contains a carboxyl group-containing resin, a photopolymerizable compound containing at least one compound selected from a group consisting of a photopolymerizable monomer and a photopolymerizable prepolymer, a photopolymerization initiator, a titanium dioxide, and a compound having a cyclic ether skeleton. The titanium dioxide contains both of a rutile titanium dioxide manufactured by a sulfuric acid method and a rutile titanium dioxide manufactured by a chlorine method.

Abstract: Provided is an actinic-ray- or radiation-sensitive resin composition including a resin (A) and any of compounds (B) of general formula (I) below. (In general formula (I), Rf represents a fluorine atom or a monovalent organic group containing at least one fluorine atom; R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent containing no fluorine atom; X1 represents a monovalent organic group having at least two carbon atoms, or a methyl group in which a substituent other than a fluorine atom is optionally introduced, provided that X1 may be bonded to R1 to thereby form a ring; and Z represents a moiety that when exposed to actinic rays or radiation, is converted to a sulfonic acid group, an imidic acid group or a methide acid group).

Abstract: A photoresist composition includes a photoresist polymer including a repeating unit to which a silicon-containing leaving group is combined, a photo-fluorine generator including a sulfonium fluoride, and a solvent.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) wherein Q is a direct bond or an n-valent linking group; n is an integer 2, 3, or 4; Z is for example C1-C20alkylene, C2-C20alkenylene, C5-C8cycloalkylene or C5-C8cycloalkenylene; Y is for example C6-C20aryl or C3-C20heteroaryl; R1 is for example hydrogen, C2-C5alkenyl, C3-C8cycloalkyl, C1-C12alkyl, phenyl, naphthyl, C3-C20heteroaryl, C1-C8alkoxy, benzyloxy or phenoxy; R2 is for example C1-C20alkyl, C2-C12alkenyl, C4-C8cycloalkenyl, C2-C12alkinyl, C3-C10cycloalkyl, phenyl or naphthyl; R15, R16, R17, R18, R19 and R20 independently of each other for example are hydrogen, halogen, C1-C20alkyl, C6-C20aryl or C4-C20heteroaryl; provided that a compound wherein R15, R16, R17, R18, R19 and R20 are hydrogen, Y is thienyl, R1 is methyl, R2 is ethyl, n is 2, Q is a direct bond and Z is n-propylene and a compound wherein R15, R16, R17, R18, R19 and R20 are hydrogen, Y is thienyl, R1 is methyl, R2 is ethyl, n is 2, Q as an n-valent linking group is methylene and Z is methylene are exclude

Abstract: A pattern-forming method comprises: forming a resist underlayer film on an upper face side of a substrate; forming a silicon-containing film on an upper face side of the resist underlayer film; and removing the silicon-containing film with a basic aqueous solution. The pattern-forming method does not include, after the forming of the silicon-containing film and before the removing of the silicon-containing film, treating the silicon-containing film with a treatment liquid comprising an acid or a fluorine compound. The silicon-containing film is preferably formed a hydrolytic condensation product of a composition containing a compound represented by formula (1) in an amount of no less than 60 mol % with respect to total silicon compounds. X represents a halogen atom or —OR2, and R2 represents a monovalent organic group.

Abstract: An article is prepared with surface regions having different contact angles. A reactive silane material is attached to a surface having a reactive tail component that is contacted with a first corresponding reactant, followed by imagewise UV exposure to cause imagewise reaction of the reactive tail component and first corresponding reactant, forming reacted regions and latent reaction regions. After rinsing, a second corresponding reactant that is capable of reaction with the reactive moiety is applied. Uniform UV exposure leads to a second reaction product only in the latent reaction regions. After rinsing, first regions comprise exclusively the first reaction product and second regions comprising exclusively the second reaction product. These first and second regions have contact angles that differ by 10-110 degrees. A composition can be applied that is exclusively attracted to either the first regions or the second regions, but not to both the first and second regions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electron beam (eBeam) resist composition, particularly an (eBeam) resist composition for use in the fabrication of integrated circuits. Such resist compositions include an anti-scattering compound which minimizes scattering and secondary electron generation, thus affording extremely high resolution lithography. Such high resolution lithography may be used directly upon silicon-based substrates to produce integrated circuits, or may alternatively be used to produce a lithographic mask (e.g. photomask) to facilitate high-resolution lithography.