Abstract: A method of implementing convergence selection of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver is disclosed. In accordance with one embodiment, a GNSS receiver which is coupled with a mobile machine is shut down. The GNSS receiver is in a converged state at shut down. A movement sensor is monitored to determine if net movement of a GNSS antenna coupled with the mobile machine exceeds a threshold net movement parameter while the GNSS receiver is shut down. Upon power up of the GNSS receiver, a shorter convergence algorithm is initiated in response to determining that the threshold net movement parameter has not been exceeded and a longer convergence algorithm is initiated in response to determining that the threshold net movement parameter has been exceeded.

Abstract: A method of implementing fast GNSS convergence by relative positioning is disclosed. A GNSS receiver which is coupled with a mobile machine is shut down. The GNSS receiver is in a converged state at shut down. A movement sensor is monitored to determine if net movement of a GNSS antenna coupled with the mobile machine exceeds a threshold net movement parameter while the GNSS receiver is shut down. Upon power up of the GNSS receiver, a shorter convergence algorithm is initiated in response to determining that the threshold net movement parameter has not been exceeded. The shorter convergence algorithm is also initiated upon power up of the GNSS receiver in response to determining that the threshold net movement parameter has been exceeded but information from the movement sensor has been used to update the location of the GNSS receiver since said shut down.

Abstract: A location awareness apparatus includes: a communication unit performing communications with a plurality of satellites and with another device; and a controller recognizing a current location of the device based on information received from the plurality of satellites, controlling communications with the other device when a number of satellites available for communication is less than a reference number during the recognition of the current location, receiving satellite information from the other device, and correcting the current location based on the information received from the plurality of satellites and the satellite information received from the other device.

Abstract: A system and method of determining a vehicle location where roads have different elevations and at least partially overlap. The method carried out by the system includes: receiving a plurality of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellite signals at a vehicle; determining a vehicle location and a vehicle velocity including an up velocity based on the received GNSS signals; identifying a plurality of roads, within a range of the vehicle location, at least one of which has a different elevation than the other road(s); and selecting at least one of the plurality of roads within the range based on the up velocity component.

Abstract: A dosimeter with at least one radiation sensor and a rechargeable electrical accumulator, includes a single sensor for sinusoidal X-radiation and for ? (gamma) radiation, a filter for the radiation sensor, a first amplification stage for the sensor, a circuit for processing the signal received by the sensor, and converting the signal into a dose value or a value that can be interpreted as a dose, a memory module in which the information on the dose received in the fixed period is stored, a circuit for recharging the electrical accumulator and a communications module, a dosimeter monitoring device, which includes at least one base for recharging the dosimeter with a recharging circuit, and a system for communication with the dosimeter.

Abstract: In a PET device, a first detector includes a plurality of first scintillators and detects gamma rays emitted from positron-emitting radionuclides injected into a subject. A second detector is provided on the outer circumferential side of the first detector, includes a plurality of second scintillators arranged in an arrangement surface density lower than that of the first scintillators, and detects gamma rays that have passed through the first detector. A counted information acquiring unit acquires, as first counted information and second counted information, the detection positions, energy values, and detection time regarding gamma rays detected by the first detector and the second detector. Based on the detection time contained in each of the first counted information and the second counted information, an energy value adder generate corrected counted information by summing the energy values contained in the first counted information and the second counted information.

Abstract: A radiation detector including a scintillator; a wavelength shifting portion to cause a wavelength shift in photons emitted by the scintillator; and a photodetector optically coupled to the scintillator to receive the wavelength shifted photons.

Abstract: High sensitivity and high spatial resolution detection modules are provided that that can be built into an array or incorporated into PET or other types of gamma ray detectors and imagers. Each detection module has a scintillation detector block, light detector and optional light guide. The detector block may be formed of a first scintillation layer material that has a fast decay constant and high light output (e.g. LYSO) and a second scintillation layer material with a slow decay constant and a lower light output (e.g. BGO) with a first layer to second layer array pitch ratio of approximately 2:3. Due to the large difference of light output and decay time of LYSO and BGO signals, three different types of events (LYSO, BGO and CLCS) can be identified with high accuracy.

Abstract: A dual-mode, hand-held, digital probe, designed to rapidly localize tissues of interest through gamma detection, and provide high-resolution, real-time images of the suspect area by sensing beta radiation is presented. A position-sensitive solid-state photomultiplier is optically bonded with a hybrid scintillator including a thin Crystalline Microcolumnar Structure (CMS) CsI:T1 scintillator, vapor-deposited directly onto a monolithic (polycrystalline) LYSO scintillator.

Abstract: A radiation imaging apparatus includes a pixel array having a plurality of pixels configured to detect radiation, a detector configured to detect radiation irradiation, and a controller. In a case in which a measured value obtained by using the detector exceeds a threshold in one range out of a positive range and a negative range with respect to a reference value, the controller controls a radiation image capturing operation by determining that the radiation irradiation has started. The controller changes the threshold in accordance with the measured value of the other range out of the positive range and the negative range.

Abstract: An apparatus for used in a directional-neutron detector is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a structure having a plurality of parallel active channels separated by inactive regions. The plurality of active channels is filled with scintillating material. The scintillating material is configured to emit light in response to neutron scattering. The scintillating material may be neutron-gamma discriminating. The scintillating material may be sealed in the plurality of active channels. The seal is disposed on respective ends of the plurality of active channels. Directional-neutron detectors are also disclosed having the structure.

Abstract: One aspect of the present disclosure comprises a method for calibrating a drive level of a non-radioactive calibration source. Another aspect of the present disclosure comprises a method for using a non-radioactive calibration source to verify correct operation of a radiation detector. Another aspect of the present disclosure comprises a radiation detection system that comprises a radiation detector and a non-radioactive calibration source that is used to verify correct operation of the radiation detector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stabilization method of a plastic scintillator-based radiation detector of the present invention, wherein the Compton edge of K-40 that exists in the spectrum of a background radiation that reacts with the plastic scintillator is converted into a peak form through a proper signal process, and the output calibration of the detector is automatically performed in real time by using the information. Thus, the output of the plastic scintillator-based radiation detector is automatically calibrated in order to thereby stabilize the output of the detector regardless of the external environmental changes.

Abstract: In order to avoid complicated and unpredictable effects on the wavefields emitted by air guns activated at different times, methods and systems of the current disclosure are directed to computationally designing a sequence for activating subsets of air guns in a time distributed manner that minimizes the effects of air in the water surrounding the source. The sequence may be used with discrete and continuously recorded marine surveys.

Abstract: A method of performing a seismic survey including: deploying nodal seismic sensors at positions in a survey region; activating a plurality of seismic sources; and using the nodal seismic sensors to record seismic signals generated in response to the activation of the plurality of signals.

Abstract: Seismic data recorded by subsurface seismic sensors placed in a borehole, such as an oil or gas well, are transformed via a process of upward wavefield propagation to pseudo-receivers at the surface of the earth. The seismic data thus transformed can be processed as though the data had been recorded by the pseudo-receivers at the surface rather than in the borehole where the data were actually recorded. This method accurately accounts for seismic source statics, anisotropy, and all velocity effects between the real receivers in the borehole and the pseudo-receivers at the surface of the earth.

Abstract: A method is described for high-resolution seismic imaging of complex subsurface volumes using a two-stage least-squares reverse time migration with two objective functions. A traveltime misfit objective function enables long-wavelength imaging and an amplitude misfit objective function enables short-wavelength imaging. The method may be executed by a computer system.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of joint inversion of seismic data comprising receiving seismic data, selecting, by a computer system, a travel time data and waveform data, the selecting using the seismic data and generating a velocity model of a near-surface. The method comprises preparing parameters with which to update the velocity model by: calculating synthetic travel time data and synthetic waveform data; determining a travel time misfit gradient using the travel time data and synthetic travel time data; determining a wave-property misfit gradient based on the waveform data and the synthetic waveform data; calculating a join inversion gradient comprising the travel time misfit gradient and the wave-property misfit gradient; and estimating a step length. The method further comprises updating the velocity model using the step length and join inversion gradient; and repeating the preparing and updating steps until a travel time misfit and wave-property misfit reach a predetermined value.

Abstract: Method and system are described for modeling one or more geophysical properties of a subsurface volume. The method includes computing vector volumes from geophysical data to enhance subsurface features, where the vectors may be estimated by steps, including the following. Samples are extracted from a neighborhood around a selected data location (121). Coordinates are assigned to each sample (122). A weight is assigned to each sample as a function of the sample value (123). The sample coordinates and weights are used to fit a polynomial (124). A new value is then determined for the data location based on the polynomial fit, e.g. from the slope (125).

Abstract: Inducing vibrations onto a sensor streamer. At least some of the example embodiments are methods including: towing a sensor streamer through a body of water, the sensor streamer comprising a plurality of geophones spaced along the sensor streamer; inducing a vibration onto the sensor streamer at a predetermined location, the inducing as the sensor streamer is towed; measuring the vibration by a geophone at a distance from the predetermined location, the measuring creates a measured vibration; and creating, by a computer system, a model of noise propagation along the sensor streamer, the creating based on the measured vibration.

Abstract: Geophysical survey systems and methods. At least some of the example embodiments are systems including: a tow vessel with an onboard data acquisition system; a sensor streamer that defines a proximal end and a distal end, the sensor streamer extends behind the tow vessel, and the sensor streamer submerged in the body of water; a lead-in cable coupled on a first end to the tow vessel, and coupled on a second end to the sensor streamer; a lead vessel associated with the sensor streamer, the lead vessel floating at or near the surface of the body of water, and the lead vessel coupled to the sensor streamer by a tow cable; and a seismic source in the water behind the lead vessel, the seismic source coupled to the lead vessel by a source cable that extends from the lead vessel to the seismic source.

Abstract: Buoyant tail section of a geophysical streamer. At least some of the example embodiments are methods of performing a geophysical survey in a marine environment, the method including: towing an active section of a geophysical streamer in the marine environment, the active section having a buoyancy; towing a tail section, the tail section coupled to a distal end of the active section, the towing of the tail section by way of the active section, and at least a portion of the tail section having a buoyancy that is both positively buoyant and greater than buoyancy of the active section; towing a tail buoy in the marine environment, the tail buoy coupled to a distal end of the tail section, and the towing of the tail buoy by way of the tail section; and gathering geophysical survey data by way of the active section.

Abstract: A seismic survey system having a source array (11) coupled to a deflector device (15) that controls the position of the source array. A positioning system unit (16) is mounted on the source array to provide a signal to a controller, informing the controller of the current position of the source array so that the controller can control the position of the deflector device (15) and the coupled source array. A seismic source (14) on the source array may be triggered when the source array is at a desired location as measured by the positioning system unit. The deflector device (15) comprises one or more wings (18) in a generally vertical or, alternatively, in a generally horizontal arrangement disposed adjacent to a central body (19). The streamlined central body has connection points that allow the deflector device (15) to be connected to a tow cable (13) from the tow vessel (12) and to the source array (11).

Abstract: A proximity sensor (12) is provided which comprises a magnet (16) and a sensor (18). The sensor (18) is aligned relative to the magnet (16) in such a manner that the direction (E) of maximum sensitivity of the sensor (18) is formed so as to be substantially parallel to the magnet axis (M) extending through the poles (20, 22) of the magnet (16). Further, an assembly unit (10) is provided.

Abstract: A surface marking tool, comprising a housing a sensor coupled in the housing to identify a specific location on a surface a marker having a back end and an engaging end, whereby the back end is coupled to the underside of the housing and the engaging end extends beyond the underside of the housing to engage with the target surface; and at least one foot coupled to the underside of the housing. Another aspect of the present invention includes a surface marking tool, comprising a housing, a sensor coupled in the housing to identify a specific location on a surface, a marker having an engaging end, whereby the marker is housed in an open faced cartridge with a back end, whereby the engaging end of the marker extends beyond the cartridge to engage with the target surface, and the back end of the cartridge is coupled to the underside of the housing and extends beyond the underside of the housing, and at least one foot coupled to the underside of the housing.

Abstract: A drilling assembly includes a first tubular member supporting a first transmitter antenna and a steering assembly located beneath the first tubular member. The drilling assembly also includes an earth boring device comprising a drill bit. The drill bit has a body member, a bottommost surface and a gage surface at a stabilizing section of the drill bit. The earth boring device is supported beneath the steering assembly. The earth boring device includes a second transmitter/receiver antenna supported in spaced relation to the first transmitter antenna and within 36 inches of the bottommost surface of the drill bit, and at least one electrode generally at an outer surface of the stabilizing section of the drill bit.

Abstract: A corrosion monitoring method includes obtaining electromagnetic (EM) log, data along a casing string. The method also includes processing the EM log data to estimate casing thickness of the casing string as a function of position, where the processing includes correcting, for junction effects in the casing string.

Abstract: An electromagnetic well logging tool for a wireline logging process, includes a shaft, a transmitter coil mounted on the shaft and configured to generate primary magnetic fields for propagation into a well formation, upon excitation by a first current, a receiver coil mounted on the shaft at a predefined distance from the transmitter coil and configured to receive secondary magnetic fields generated from the well formation, and a bucking coil mounted on the shaft in a concentric arrangement with the receiver coil, wherein the bucking coil is configured to generate magnetic fields at the receiver coil upon excitation by a second current, for cancelling the magnetic fields generated at the receiver coil due to direct coupling between the transmitter and receiver coils.

Abstract: An example formation fluid analysis tool includes an optical element and a detector configured to receive light passed through the optical element. The optical element is configured to receive light from a fluid sample and comprises a substrate, an integrated computational element (ICE) fabricated on a first side of the substrate, and an optical filter fabricated on a second side of the substrate opposite the first side.

Abstract: A method for scanning an individual with a security device includes providing a scanner, engaging the scanner in a first scanning mode to produce an initial scan of the individual with a controller, producing an initial representation based on the initial scan, determining a property of a second scanning mode based on information from the initial representation, and engaging the scanner in the second scanning mode to produce a second scan of the individual.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for precipitation prediction is provided. In exemplary embodiments, the method may comprise, at a server having one or more processors and memory storing one or more programs for execution by the one or more processors: decomposing climate model attractors; receiving ground data in a region from a client as well as global data; reweighting and reordering the relative importance of the climate model attractors based on a rank and incorporating the ground data; reassembling a selected group of data including the ground data, thereby adding information to the climate model; and generating a prediction of regional weather based on the reassembled selected group of data.

Abstract: Certain aspects pertain to a cloud detector comprising a first detector module directed to a first region of the sky and a second detector module directed to a second region of the sky. Each detector module has a tube enclosing one or more sensing elements. The one or more sensing elements of the first detector module are configured to take weather condition readings from the first region of the sky. The one or more sensing elements of the second detector module are configured to take weather condition readings from the second region of the sky. In one aspect, the cloud detector is configured to detect cloud cover based on these weather condition readings. In some cases, the one or more sensing elements comprise an infrared radiation detector (e.g., thermopile) for measuring infrared radiation intensity and a photosensor element for measuring sunlight intensity.

Abstract: A remote location monitoring system, for example, a home monitoring or weather monitoring system may include one or more sensors and/or receivers at a first location such as a residence or business to be monitored. The sensors and receivers may communicate with a remote central server via a gateway device and the detection data received from the sensors and receivers may be displayed via display circuitry coupled to a processor of the gateway device. The sensors, receivers, and gateway device may be controlled by users locally or remotely via the server. Users may register to receive remote notifications of weather events and other home monitoring events. Users may also access remotely sensors and receivers to configure alerts, notifications, and automatic responses for the devices and integrated appliances at the first location.

Abstract: Aggregating and transforming data, and performing analytics thereupon, for application-specific optimization based on multiple data sources. The data is preferably ingressed automatically, and may originate from various public and/or private data sources. Data transformation preferably aligns the data aggregated from the various sources, to thereby allow meaningful referencing. Complex and non-aligned data can therefore be consolidated, such that it is readily digestible by simulation (or other) software. In an embodiment, risk of flooding for a supply chain is computed from the aggregated and transformed data, using data analytics based on physical computation for flood risk assessment, allowing the supply chain to be optimized with regard to threat of flooding and/or actual flooding. In another embodiment, risk of wild fire may be assessed. Other types of risk may also be assessed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an anti-reflective film comprising: a hard coating layer; and a low-refractive layer containing a binder resin and hollow inorganic nanoparticles and solid inorganic nanoparticles which are dispersed in the binder resin, wherein a ratio of an average particle diameter of the solid inorganic nanoparticles to an average particle diameter of the hollow inorganic nanoparticles is 0.26 to 0.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an optical member includes a step of applying a dispersion liquid containing particles and a dispersion medium on a substrate, a step of applying a solution containing a component to form a binder after the step of applying the dispersion liquid, and causing the solution to permeate a portion between the particles contained in the dispersion liquid applied in advance to form a single layer in which the portion between the particles is filled with the binder, and a step of drying the layer to prepare an antireflection film. The solution contains a silane-alkoxy condensate having an average particle diameter of 8 nm or more and 60 nm or less, and the solution contains a solvent having solubility of water of 10% by weight or less in an amount of 70% by mass or more.

Abstract: A spectacle lens which can suppress the generation of cracks at the time of manufacture. The spectacle lens is a spectacle lens which includes a lens substrate and a hard coat layer and in which the hard coat layer is obtained by curing a curable composition containing inorganic oxide particles, a silane coupling agent, and a polyfunctional epoxy compound contained at more than 40% by mass and 60% by mass or less in a matrix component.

Abstract: A functional polarizing film includes a polarizing layer, at least one moisture-binding layer on a first surface of the polarizing layer, and at least one moisture-blocking layer disposed on a first surface of the moisture-binding layer.

Abstract: A head mounted display device includes at least one display panel, two first lenses, two second lenses, and microstructures. The display panel is adapted to provide an image beam. The first lenses are disposed between the display panel and a focus area. Each first lens includes a first surface and a second surface. The second lenses are disposed between the first lenses and the focus area. The microstructures are disposed on at least one of the first surfaces and the second surfaces. Each first lens has an axis. The microstructures include a first microstructure group disposed close to the axis and a second microstructure group disposed away from the axis. A first angle is formed between any two adjacent microstructures in the first microstructure group, and a second angle is formed between any two adjacent microstructures in the second microstructure group. The first angle is greater than the second angle.

Abstract: An ocular optical system configured to allow imaging rays from a display frame to enter an observer's eye through the ocular optical system to form an image is provided. The ocular optical system includes a lens element having an eye-side surface and a display-side surface. The lens element has an optical axis extending from a display side toward an eye side. The display-side surface of the lens element adopts a Fresnel lens design. The display-side has a plurality of effective sub-surfaces and a plurality of ineffective sub-surfaces. The effective sub-surfaces are configured to allow the image rays to form an image. Each ineffective sub-surface connects two adjacent effective sub-surfaces. The ocular optical system satisfies: 1.500?R1/SagI?4.000, where SagI is a total of lengths of orthogonal projections of the effective sub-surfaces respectively projected onto the optical axis, and R1 is a half of a clear aperture of the display-side surface.

Abstract: A liquid lens includes a sealed shell, a liquid material, a transparent carbon nanotube structure within the liquid material, and a first electrode and a second electrode, a voltage being applied to the carbon nanotube structure causes rapid heating, which is transferred to the liquid material to change the density thereof, and the refractive index of the liquid material is thus changed.

Abstract: A method of scattering light includes positioning a Nanocomposite Optical Ceramic (NCOC) diffuser to receive light and scattering the light with the NCOC diffuser. The NCOC diffuser is substantially Lambertian over a waveband range.

Abstract: A composite prism, a manufacturing method thereof, a backlight unit and a display device are provided. The composite prism includes: a first prism sheet and a second prism sheet superimposed on each other, a part of a first surface of the second prism sheet near the first prism sheet contacting the first prism sheet; a gap being formed between the other part of the first surface and the first prism sheet; and a reflecting layer disposed on the surface of the second prism sheet contacting the first prism sheet and configured to allow light irradiated from the second prism sheet to the first prism sheet to travel through the gap.

Abstract: Implementations of the present invention relate to apparatuses, systems, and methods for blocking, attenuating, or filtering neuroactive wavelengths of the visible light spectrum and reducing or preventing the symptoms affiliated with exposure to those wavelengths. Nanoparticles of a predetermined composition, size, and structure are dispersed in a host medium to create an optical notch filter, thereby attenuating only a narrow range of the visible spectrum.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and apparatus for forming low emissivity panels that may include a substrate and a reflective layer formed over the substrate. The low emissivity panels may further include a top dielectric layer formed over the reflective layer such that the reflective layer is formed between the top dielectric layer and the substrate. The top dielectric layer may include a ternary metal oxide, such as zinc tin aluminum oxide. The top dielectric layer may also include aluminum. The concentration of aluminum may be between about 1 atomic % and 15 atomic % or between about 2 atomic % and 10 atomic %. An atomic ratio of zinc to tin in the top dielectric layer may be between about 0.67 and about 1.5 or between about 0.9 and about 1.1.

Abstract: An optical element includes an optical block through which object light is transmitted along a light transmission axis direction, a first wavelength selection filter provided on a first filter surface set such that a normal line forms an angle ? with the light transmission axis, and a second wavelength selection filter located on a rear side with respect to the first wavelength selection filter, and provided on a second filter surface set such that a normal line forms an angle ? with the light transmission axis, the second filter surface being in non-parallel, having an opposite inclination direction, and forming an angle 2? with the first filter surface. The optical block is constituted by combining an incidence-side block, a first filter block, a second filter block, and an emission-side block, formed of the same material and in the same shape.

Abstract: There is provided a polarizer that can realize multi-functionalization and high-functionalization of an electronic device, such as an image display apparatus. A polarizer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a resin film containing iodine, wherein the polarizer has formed therein a transparent portion having a transmittance higher than that of another portion, and when the polarizer is placed under an environment having a temperature of 60° C. and a humidity of 90% for 2 hours, a transmittance change (?Ts) of the transparent portion is 10% or less.

Abstract: A polarizing plate includes a polarizer and a protective film formed on at least one surface of the polarizer. A transverse direction (TD) shrinkage stress ratio SRA of the polarizing plate ranges from about 1% to about 10%, as calculated using Equation 1: SRA (%)=(S1/S2)×100??(1) In Equation 1, S1 is the TD shrinkage stress of the protective film, and S2 is the TD shrinkage stress of the polarizer.

Abstract: An embedded, inverse wire-grid polarizer (WGP) includes ribs 13 located over a surface of a transparent substrate 11, gaps 16 between the ribs 13, and a fill-layer 15 substantially filling the gaps 16. The fill-layer has a relatively high index of refraction, such as greater than 1.4. At a wavelength of light incident upon the WGP, E? transmission can be greater than E? transmission. E? is a polarization of light with an electric field oscillation parallel to a length L of the ribs, and E? is a polarization of light with an electric field oscillation perpendicular to a length L of the ribs. This embedded, inverse WGP is especially useful for polarizing, with high WGP performance, small wavelength (high-energy) regions of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g. UV) which are difficult to polarize with conventional WGPs (E? transmission>E? transmission).

Abstract: A method of generating light for use in tracing an end of a cable assembly includes coupling convergent visible light into an input end of a multimode mode-homogenizing optical fiber having low-order and high-order modes and comprising an output end, a fiber angle, a length and a mode-homogenization length. The inputted light is initially concentrated mainly in the low-order modes. The method also includes conveying the light through the length of the mode-homogenizing optical fiber to form outputted light that is substantially mode-homogenized, substantially spatially uniform and substantially angularly uniform and having a divergence angle that is substantially the same as the fiber angle. Light source assemblies and systems for carrying out the method are also disclosed.