Abstract: A Faraday rotation device includes a light source configured to transmit a light beam; a first rotation stage polarizer configured to forward the light beam from the light source at a predetermined reference polarization angle; a quartz cell configured to receive the light beam from the first rotation stage polarizer at the predetermined reference polarization angle; one or more stacked ring permanent magnets coaxially fitted around the quartz cell; a stepper motor configured to adjust a rotational motion of a second rotation stage polarizer connected to the stepper motor, wherein the second rotation stage polarizer is configured to change a polarization angle of the light beam received from the quartz cell; a light detector; and an electronic circuit board configured to record a change in angle between the predetermined reference polarization angle and the changed polarization angle.

Abstract: A Faraday rotation device includes a light source configured to transmit a light beam; a first rotation stage polarizer configured to forward the light beam from the light source at a predetermined reference polarization angle; a quartz cell configured to receive the light beam from the first rotation stage polarizer at the predetermined reference polarization angle; one or more stacked ring permanent magnets coaxially fitted around the quartz cell; a stepper motor configured to adjust a rotational motion of a second rotation stage polarizer connected to the stepper motor, wherein the second rotation stage polarizer is configured to change a polarization angle of the light beam received from the quartz cell; a light detector; and an electronic circuit board configured to record a change in angle between the predetermined reference polarization angle and the changed polarization angle.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a wearable device with combined sensing capabilities, which includes a wearable assembly and at least one multi-function sensor module. The wearable assembly is suitable to be worn on a part of a user's body. The wearable assembly includes at least one light-transmissible window. The multi-function sensor module is located inside the wearable assembly, for performing an image sensing function and an infrared temperature sensing function. The multi-function sensor module includes an image sensor module for sensing a physical or a biological feature of an object through the light-transmissible window by way of image sensing; and an infrared temperature sensor module for sensing temperature through the light-transmissible window by way of infrared temperature sensing.

Abstract: A rail-mounted fire and overheat detection system includes a rail and a plurality of sensor elements positioned along the rail. A plate is located at a first end of the rail, and secured thereto at a plate opening. One or more damper elements extend about a perimeter of the rail to dampen vibrational forces acting on the rail. A method of assembling a rail-mounted fire and overheat detection system includes installing a first rail end of a rail into a plate opening of a plate, installing one or more damper elements about a perimeter of the rail at the plate opening, and installing a face plate to axially retain the one or more damper elements.

Abstract: A sensor mounting structure includes an insulator and a temperature sensor. The insulator is attached to a wall of a case of an electric storage component to hold an electrode terminal projecting from the case and insulating the electrode terminal from the case. The temperature sensor includes a temperature sensing portion, a locking portion, and a spring portion. The temperature sensing portion holds a temperature sensing component and includes a temperature sensing surface that contacts the wall of the case. The locking portion is locked to the insulator. The spring portion presses the temperature sensing portion to hold the temperature sensing surface in close contact with the wall of the case.

Abstract: A temperature sensor is disclosed. In one embodiment, the temperature sensor takes form in an integrated circuit that includes a plurality of first diodes connected in series between a first node and another node, and a plurality of second diodes connected in series between a second node and the other node. The integrated circuit includes a sub circuit coupled to the first and second nodes. The sub circuit the circuit is configured to generate an output voltage that depends on first and second voltages at the first and second nodes, respectively. The integrated circuit includes a first current source for generating a constant first current, wherein the first current or substantially all of the first current passes through the plurality of first diodes. A second current source is also provided on the integrated circuit for generating a constant second current, wherein the second current or substantially all of the second current passes through the plurality of second diodes.

Abstract: A driver can intuitively and conveniently perform an operation for instructing passing to a vehicle. In a driving support device, an image output unit outputs, to a display unit, an image containing an own vehicle object representing an own vehicle and an another vehicle object representing another vehicle in front of the own vehicle object. An operation signal input unit receives an operation of a user for changing the positional relationship between the own vehicle object and the another vehicle object in the image displayed on the display unit. A command output unit outputs, to an automatic driving control unit, a command for instructing the own vehicle to pass the another vehicle when the positional relationship between the own vehicle object and the another vehicle object is changed such that the own vehicle object is positioned in front of the another vehicle object.

Abstract: An effective and highly accurate method for measuring temperature during thermal tumor ablation to increase ablation accuracy installing a fiber optic temperature sensor with a linearly chirped (the variation of the refractive index has a period growing in an algebraic progression) Bragg grating with a length of 1.4-6 cm and a diameter of 80-300 ?m using a catheter directly on the tumor. Through the fiber optic sensor with a length of 1.4-6 cm and a diameter of 80-300 ?m is passed a light spectrum, which undergoes backscatter due to the Bragg grating, dependent on the temperature acting on the sensor. Subsequently, using the backscatter light spectrum decoding software, developed according to the fiber optic cable parameters, the temperature profile is displayed on the computer. The method has applications in medicine, in particular oncology.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for monitoring the temperature of a cryopreserved biological sample. The invention also relates to a device for monitoring the temperature of a cryopreserved biological sample. The device (10) for monitoring the temperature of a cryopreserved biological sample comprises a sample container (1) having a receiving space (2) for receiving a biological sample (6). The device also comprises at least one chamber (11) having an interior that is not fluidically connected to the receiving space (2) and is only partially filled with an indicator substance (7) with a melting temperature in a region of ?20° C. to ?140° C. The chamber (11) has a barrier (13) that causes the indicator substance (7) to move into a second sub-region (12b) of the chamber (11) when the indicator substance (7) in a first sub-region (12a) of the chamber is in the fluid aggregate state.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for monitoring the temperature of a cryogenically preserved biological sample. The device (10) comprises a sample container (1) having a receptacle space (2) for accommodating a biological sample (6). The device further comprises at least one chamber (11), the interior (12) of which is not fluidically connected to the receptacle space, and which is at least partially filled with an indicator substance (7) having a boiling point or sublimation temperature in a range from ?10° C. to ?140° C. The chamber (11) further has at least one opening via which the indicator substance (7) can escape from the interior (12) of the chamber (11) upon exceeding its boiling point or sublimation point. The invention further relates to a method for monitoring the temperature of a cryogenically preserved biological sample.

Abstract: Examples of temperature measurement calibration in an additive manufacturing system are described. In one case, a method of calibrating a non-contact temperature measurement device involves applying energy from a radiation source of the additive manufacturing system to heat a reference element. The reference element is thermally coupled to a temperature sensor. A temperature reading from the temperature sensor is compared with data from the non-contact temperature measurement device to calibrate the device.

Abstract: Various sensors and arrays of sensors that utilize nanostructures or carbon structures, such as nanotubes, nanotube meshes, or graphene sheets, are disclosed. In some arrangements, at least a pair of contacts are electrically coupled with a given nanostructure or carbon structure to sense a change.

Abstract: A microfabricated magnetic resonator is provided. The microfabricated magnetic resonator has one or more resonator portions, each of which is a magnetoelastic resonating structure having a maximum circumference or maximum linear dimension in at least one direction that is less than 1000 ?m. At least one of the resonator portions comprises an electrodeposited material comprising at least a cobalt constituent and an iron constituent.

Abstract: A physical quantity sensor includes a base unit as a support substrate, provided with a cavity that is open on one side, a movable unit which is formed on an open side of the cavity and is capable of displacing in a first direction, and spring units that are formed on the open side of the cavity and are connected to the movable unit. A length of the spring units in a second direction that is a direction, which intersects the first direction and in which the base unit overlaps the movable unit, is shorter than a length of the movable unit in the second direction and is longer than a length of the spring units in the first direction.

Abstract: A load cell to measure displacements transferred by a fifth wheel to the load cell includes an elongated mounting base portion configured to attach to a support structure of a tractor, a coupling portion configured to pivotally support a fifth wheel, a middle portion disposed above the elongated mounting base portion and below the coupling portion, the middle portion including a hollow interior section with an opening into the hollow interior section, and a post extending from the elongated mounting base portion and protruding into the hollow interior section of the middle portion.

Abstract: A torque indicator for an aircraft having a main rotor system and a translational thrust system driven by at least one engine includes a first indicator operable to display an actual torque of an engine of the aircraft relative to an engine torque limit, a second indicator operable to display an actual torque of the translational thrust system of the aircraft relative to a translational thrust system torque limit, and a third indicator operable to display an actual torque of the main rotor system of the aircraft relative to a main rotor system torque limit.

Abstract: A sensor device where the number of components and mounting steps can be reduced and mountability on a mounting target is improved. A sensor device configured to detect a torque applied to a pinion shaft and pinion shaft's rotation angle. The pinion shaft is formed by coupling an input shaft and output shaft together by a torsion bar. The sensor device includes a torque detecting portion wherein magnetic fields detected by torque detection magnetic sensors change based on the torsion bar's twisting amount, a rotation angle detecting portion wherein magnetic fields detected by rotation angle detection magnetic sensors change based on the pinion shaft's rotation angle, a housing that houses the torque detecting portion and the rotation angle detecting portion, and a circuit board held by the housing. Both the torque detection magnetic sensors and the rotation angle detection magnetic sensors are mounted on the circuit board.

Abstract: Provided is a sensor device that is machinable and mountable easily. A sensor device includes an external gear configured to rotate together with a pinion shaft, driven gears configured to rotate by meshing with the external gear, permanent magnets configured to rotate together with the driven gears, magnetic sensors configured to detect magnetic fields of the permanent magnets, a circuit board assembly having the magnetic sensors mounted on a printed circuit board, a tubular first housing member that houses the external gear, and a second housing member that supports the driven gears and houses the circuit board assembly. The second housing member has a flange portion that abuts against an open end face of a fitting hole of the first housing member, and parts of the driven gears that protrude from the flange portion mesh with the external gear inside the first housing member.

Abstract: An impact sensing laminate 2 has a first surface 211 on which an impact force acts; a second surface 222 brought in contact with a protection object OBJ; an impact absorption layer 21 and a first pressure-sensitive layer 22. When a direction heading for the second surface from the first surface is defined as a first direction, the first pressure-sensitive layer is in the first direction from the impact absorption layer. The first pressure-sensitive layer is a layer of sensing a first impact force as the impact force to have been attenuated by the impact absorption layer.

Abstract: A force sensor according to the present invention is configured to detect at least one component among components of a force in each axis direction in an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system and a moment around each axis, and includes: a support body arranged on an XY plane; a deformation body joined to the support body; and a detection circuit that outputs an electric signal indicating a force applied on the deformation body.

Abstract: A sensing system where the position and intensity of a force applied is detected in an easy and practical manner and an image and video of the surrounding environment is taken, and a three-dimensional scanning thereof is performed. The surface texture of the object touched and creep is detected; and a two-dimensional and three-dimensional image (hologram) may be generated and physical and/or chemical features are detected.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring an amount of force required to apply a mechanical parking brake of a motor vehicle. The apparatus includes a body adapted for mounting to a parking brake lever of the type which is manually pivotable about an axis to apply a parking brake. First and second force sensors are disposed on the body at different distances from a pivot axis of the lever when the body is mounted to the lever. The force sensors measure force applied to a lower surface of the lever to cause the lever to pivot when the lever is pulled upward to apply the parking brake. An angle sensor is disposed on the body and measures an actuation angle through which the lever pivots about the pivot axis during application of the parking brake. An electronic unit reads respective first and second forces applied to the force sensors during pivoting of the lever, calculating therefrom an effective actuation force applied at a reference point on the lever, and associates the effective actuation force with the actuation angle.

Abstract: A location of a center of pressure is determined in two-dimensions by a multi-layer sensor, which has a first sensing layer with a first sensing area and a second sensing layer with a second sensing area. The first sensing area includes one or more first sensing cells, and the second sensing area includes one or more second sensing cells. The first and second sensing areas overlap in plan view. Each of the first and second sensing cells can be respectively defined by a set of linearly-varying sensing aperture patterns. In each of the first and second sensing cells, a combination of the respective set of linearly-varying sensing aperture patterns forms a uniform sensing aperture pattern. The location of the center of pressure can be determined using a maximum of four output signals from the multi-layer sensor.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a sensor. In particular, the present invention is related to a pressure sensor die and its fabrication process. The pressure sensor comprises a chamber inside which a pressure sensor die is provided. The pressure sensor die is uniformly compressed by the external pressure to be measured and can deform freely inside the chamber. The pressure sensor die is primarily constructed of single crystalline silicon and comprises a substrate and a cap connected together. A recess is formed on the cap. The recess forms a sealed cavity with the substrate. A silicon oxide layer is formed between the substrate and the cap. The substrate further comprises a plurality of piezoresistive sensing elements which are located inside the sealed cavity. The present pressure sensor is more immune to temperature effects. It is especially suitable for operating in a high temperature, high pressure environment and is capable of delivering accurate and reliable pressure measurements at low cost.

Abstract: A pressure sensor device includes a semiconductor die of the pressure sensor device and a bond wire of the pressure sensor device. A maximal vertical distance between a part of the bond wire and the semiconductor die is larger than a minimal vertical distance between the semiconductor die and a surface of a gel covering the semiconductor die.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for acquiring the unbalance of a rotor. It is used for decoupling the unbalance of the rotor and the unbalance of the balancing machine itself, including below procedures: set at least two reference points of the unbalance on the rotor, on the plane perpendicular to the rotating axis of the rotor, there is an angle between the lines connecting the projection of each reference point to the projection of the rotating axis; measure the unbalance of the rotor in sequence by using each reference point as angle reference; through vector calculation of the unbalance corresponding to two arbitrarily selected reference points, the unbalance of the rotor is obtained. By setting at least two zero angle reference points of the unbalance on the rotor before the measurement can avoid the influence to the unbalance of the rotor caused by the change of zero angle reference point during the measurement process.

Abstract: A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a gas monitoring program causes a computer to acquire a continuous frame of an infrared image, to calculate a concentration-thickness product of leaking gas in the infrared image, to assume a gas leakage location of the leaking gas in the infrared image, to set a gas type which circulates in a pipe proximate to the gas leakage location as a gas type of the leaking gas by referring to circulating substance information of the piping equipment and matching the gas leakage location, to set a maintenance threshold value for the concentration-thickness product of the leaking gas, to estimate a leakage volume from the gas leakage location per unit of time of the gas type, and to predictively calculate a timing when the concentration-thickness product exceeds the maintenance threshold value on a basis of a time-changing leakage volume per unit of time.

Abstract: An optical testing circuit on a wafer includes an optical input configured to receive an optical test signal and photodetectors configured to generate corresponding electrical signals in response to optical processing of the optical test signal through the optical testing circuit. The electrical signals are simultaneously sensed by a probe circuit and then processed. In one process, test data from the electrical signals is simultaneously generated at each step of a sweep in wavelength of the optical test signal and output in response to a step change. In another process, the electrical signals are sequentially selected and the sweep in wavelength of the optical test signal is performed for each selected electrical signal to generate the test data.

Abstract: Real-time correction of vehicle load curve for dynamometer testing, and associated systems and methods are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a method for replicating an on-road performance and/or a failure of a road vehicle in a test facility includes applying a load curve to a controller of the test facility and testing a test vehicle in the test facility using the load curve. The method also includes verifying whether the performance/failure is replicated on the test vehicle, and if the performance/failure is not replicated, changing at least one parameter in the load curve.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for acquiring thermal efficiency of a boiler, comprising: acquiring effective output heat and total output heat of the boiler, and obtaining the thermal efficiency of the boiler according to the effective output heat and total output heat. In the method provided by the present invention, by acquiring the thermal efficiency of the boiler according to the obtained effective output heat and total output heat, the thermal efficiency of the boiler can be acquired without performing coal quality testing, thus the thermal efficiency of the boiler is conveniently obtained, and the real-time capability and accuracy are satisfied.

Abstract: A system for testing the proper functioning of an atomiser for dispensing a fluid in the form of an aerosol is proposed, wherein the system comprises the atomiser and a test apparatus, wherein the atomiser comprises a container holding the fluid, and a housing part for inserting and/or replacing the container, wherein the container is movable relative to the housing part in order to dispense the fluid and the test apparatus comprises a measuring device for measuring the movement of the container when the fluid is dispensed. In addition, a method for testing the proper functioning of an atomiser for dispensing a fluid in the form of an aerosol is proposed, wherein the atomiser comprises a container holding the fluid, and a housing part for inserting and/or replacing the container, wherein the container is moved relative to the housing part in order to dispense the fluid and the movement of the container is measured and/or analysed when the fluid is dispensed.

Abstract: The present document relates to a piston corer for acquiring a soil sample. The piston corer comprises a sample reception cylinder for taking in and retaining the soil sample, and which comprises a piston. The piston is moveable over a piston stroke inside the sample reception cylinder. An intake opening at a first end of the sample reception cylinder allows to receive the soil sample upon penetration of the ground, and the piston is configured to move in a direction away from the intake opening during taking in of the soil sample towards an end position of the piston stroke. The piston corer further comprises an activator cooperating with a valve arranged for closing of the intake opening upon activation. The activator is configured for activating a closing action of the valve in response to the piston reaching the end position of the piston stroke. The document further relates to a method of acquiring a soil sample using such a piston corer.

Abstract: Process inserts, assemblies, and related methods for use in monitoring high velocity fluids or supporting instruments that monitor and manage high velocity fluids are disclosed. Exemplary inserts include a head having a cavity for receiving an instrument, a shank, and a hub. The shank includes an elongated body having a first end disposed proximate to the head, a free end opposite the first end, and a threaded portion spaced apart from the first and free ends. The hub can form a lapped joint. Exemplary process insert assemblies include a process insert having a shank and a threaded support disposed around the shank. Methods of making and using process inserts are also disclosed. For example, a method of installing a process insert on a container includes inserting the free end of the process insert in the interior volume of a container containing a high velocity fluid.

Abstract: A sampling system including a probe having at least one sorbent trap disposed in a fluid passage that receives and delivers a sample gas, and an in-line temperature measurement located within the fluid passage of the probe. The in-line temperature measurement may be provided by a temperature measurement device having a thermal sensing portion located proximate to, or at, the sorbent trap for providing a more accurate temperature measurement of the trap during sampling of the gas. The sampling system includes a controller configured to receive a signal corresponding to the temperature measured by the thermal sensing portion within the fluid passage, in which the controller may be configured to control the temperature of the sorbent trap based upon the temperature signal.

Abstract: To provide an exhaust gas analysis apparatus that, without the need to greatly change the flow rate of diluted exhaust gas passing through a filter, can change the flow rate of exhaust gas in the diluted exhaust gas passing through the filter with good followability to reflect weighting, and accurately measure PM, the exhaust gas analysis apparatus is adapted to include: a collection part that collects particulate matter in sampling exhaust gas partially splitting from original exhaust gas or in the diluted exhaust gas resulting from diluting the sampling exhaust gas with diluent gas; and a split flow ratio control mechanism configured to, in accordance with a vehicle driving mode set in compliance with predetermined regulations, change a split flow ratio that is the ratio of the split flow rate of the sampling exhaust gas to the total flow rate of the original exhaust gas.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for processing and analyzing large intact biological samples, including tumor tissue samples. The methods have a variety of uses, including for the diagnosis and monitoring of tumors and tumor metastasis.

Abstract: A sample probe for sorptive sampling comprises an elongate body having a longitudinal axis defined along its length and a radial axis extending transverse to the longitudinal axis. A sorbent element formed of a sorbent material is secured to the body. The elongate body has an outer surface and a recess located along the length of the body that extends radially into the outer surface. The sorbent element is at least partially received within the recess of the body which mechanically locks the sorbent element to the body to prevent relative longitudinal movement of the sorbent element relative to the body.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to strength test porous ceramic honeycomb bodies. The apparatus includes an interlayer between at least one platen and a surface of the high porosity honeycomb body to be tested. The method includes disposing at least one interlayer between at least one platen and an end face of the body, applying a force to the high porosity ceramic honeycomb body and monitoring a result of applying the force. The interlayer comprises a surface weight of about 350 g/m2 and a thickness in a direction N between facing surfaces load platens of at least about 20 mm. Axial and radial localized stamping tests also strength test porous ceramic honeycomb bodies.

Abstract: Systems and methods of operating a test apparatus to simulate testing a production aircraft component include assembling a test assembly having a test specimen and a wear protection material disposed on opposing sides of the test specimen, an outer plate disposed on each side of the test specimen in contact with the wear protection material, and a bolt disposed through the test specimen and the outer plates and applying a preload against the wear protection material. The test assembly is secured in a test machine, and the test machine is operated to provide a predetermined displacement of the test specimen relative to the outer plates at a predetermined frequency at a determined frequency of displacement cycles. The preload, the predetermined displacement, and the predetermined frequency of displacement cycles are determined through finite element analysis of an analytical model of the production component.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an electronic control system for pneumatic grips, using proportional air pressure control, as employed in the field of materials testing. The disclosed embodiments allow for variable gripping pressure thereby increasing the safety for the user/operator. Additionally, materials testing will not commence until the proper pressure for testing has been achieved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for predicting the break-up possibility of a synthetic resin filament in a melt blowing process from the rheological properties of the synthetic resin. According to the present invention, a method that is capable of predicting the break-up possibility of the synthetic resin filament in the melt blowing process for preparing a filament using the synthetic resin in advance, through the measurement of the rheological properties of the synthetic resin, is provided.

Abstract: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) gas isotherm techniques to evaluate wettability of porous media, such as hydrocarbon reservoir rock, can include constructing a NMR gas isotherm curve for a porous media sample gas adsorption under various pressures. A hydrophobic or hydrophilic nature of the porous media sample can be determined using the NMR gas isotherm curves. A wettability of the porous media sample can be determined based on the NMR gas isotherm curve. The wettability can be determined for porous media samples with different pore sizes. In the case of reservoir rock samples, the determined wettability can be used, among other things, to model the hydrocarbon reservoir that includes such rock samples, to simulate fluid flow through such reservoirs, or to model enhanced hydrocarbon recovery from such reservoirs.

Abstract: A method of aligning a plurality of targets is provided. The method includes generating a plurality of targets. A third phase includes the plurality of targets. The method further includes combining a first phase, a second phase, and the third phase in a volume. The first phase, the second phase, and the third phase are substantially immiscible, and the third phase is in fluid communication with the first phase and the second phase, and the first phase, the second phase, and the third phase are operable to be in a configuration of the third phase between the first phase and the second phase in the volume.

Abstract: The method of the invention provides a simple, reproducible reference, or set of reference standards, as a validation of a calibration standard for filter-based measurements of light absorbing aerosol particles (black carbon and brown carbon) and organic carbon and elemental carbon particles found in indoor and outdoor environments, and in emission streams. The set of reference standards comprise grayscale images deposited by a mist or print at a known density on a substrate material. The reference standards may be made by a printer using as a substrate either paper or another material such as glass fiber, quartz fiber, polypropylene, or cellulose.

Abstract: Platelet cell data may be obtained from analysis of a blood sample by a hematology analyzer or like device. Systems and apparatus may process the platelet cell data in accordance with platelet parameter thresholds selected by a user. The platelet cell data may then be categorized and displayed in one or more useful forms for medical diagnostic and/or research purposes. The platelet cell data may be categorized and displayed in, e.g., tabular and/or graphical form based on the user-selected platelet parameter thresholds. Methods of processing platelet cell data for categorizing and displaying the platelet cell data in one or more useful forms are also provided, as are other aspects.

Abstract: A technique is presented for aligning, in a desired region within a flow chamber of a flow cell, a non-spherical biological entity carried in a sample. The flow chamber has a rectangular cross-section. A bottom flow input module, a top flow input module and a sample input module provide a viscoelastic first fluid, a second viscoelastic fluid, and the sample, respectively, to the flow chamber. The first and the second viscoelastic fluids laminarly flow along a bottom and a top wall of the flow chamber and the sample laminarly flows sandwiched between them. By controlling rate of flow of the first and/or the second viscoelastic fluids the sample flow, and thus the non-spherical biological entity, is focused in the desired region. A gradient of sheer within the sample flow set up due to the first and second viscoelastic fluids orients the non-spherical biological entity in the desired region.

Abstract: Optical detection systems configured to collect and detect light emitted by a sample are provided. Aspects of the systems include a core region selective side scatter (SSC) collection module configured to allow for the selective detection SSC wavelength light from a core region of collected light. Also provided are methods of using the systems.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include methods and systems for detecting light from a sample in a flow stream by multi-photon counting. Methods according to certain embodiments include irradiating a sample in a flow stream with a light source and detecting light from the sample in the flow stream and counting photons of the detected light by integrating photo-electron charge over a time interval. Methods also include irradiating a sample in a flow stream with a light source, detecting light from the sample in the flow stream and outputting a digital output signal and an analog output signal produced by the detected light. Systems for detecting light from a sample in a flow stream with a detector and counting photons by integrating photo-electron charge over a time interval are also described. Kits having a detector, a photon counter and a flow cell configured to propagate a sample in flow stream are also provided.

Abstract: A fluid analyzer includes an optical source and detector defining a beam path of an optical beam, and a fluid flow cell on the beam path defining an interrogation region in a fluid channel in which the optical beam interacts with fluids. One or more flow-control devices conduct a particle in a fluid through the fluid channel. A motion system moves the interrogation region relative to the fluid channel in response to a motion signal, and a controller (1) generates the motion signal having a time-varying characteristic, (2) samples an output signal from the optical detector at respective intervals of the motion signal during which the interrogation region contains and does not contain the particle, and (3) determines from output signal samples a measurement value indicative of an optically measured characteristic of the particle.

Abstract: A pulse baseline value calculation method and a particle counting method of a blood cell analyzer. The said pulse baseline value calculation method, within pulse non-duration time, if an absolute value of a difference value between any two adjacent data of n continuous sampled data is less than a baseline threshold, and the n continuous sampled data are closest to a pulse starting point, an average value of the n continuous sampled data is calculated, and the average value is a pulse baseline value. The present invention has the advantages of setting the baseline threshold and performing comparison, avoiding the sampled data of the baseline where the noise is superimposed, selecting the sampled data with noise or interference within an allowable range for calculation, avoiding accumulating the noise on the final baseline value, making the baseline value be closer to the real data, greatly reducing the erroneous judgment of the baseline value, and making the particle count be more accurate.