Abstract: The invention relates to methods and apparatus for determining properties of a surface.

Abstract: A method of estimating a periodic voltage, such as an input voltage, of one of the phases of an electrical circuit with at least two phases including a voltage sensor for each of its phases, each voltage sensor being capable of outputting a signal representative of at least a part of period of the periodic voltage of the phase. The method including the following steps: measure the representative signal starting from the voltage sensor; amplify the representative signal by a gain determined in the absence of an electrical fault in the circuit and based on a reference voltage common to all phases in the electrical circuit (1); use the amplified representative signal to estimate the periodic voltage. A device for estimating a voltage and an electrical circuit including such a device.

Abstract: A ground fault detector includes a relay configured to receive a first current. The ground fault detector also includes a voltage regulator configured to provide a voltage potential to ground. The ground fault detector further includes an amplifier configured, in response to a ground current flowing into or out of the ground fault detector, to change an output voltage of the amplifier in order to cause a change in the first current received at the relay. The change in the first current is indicative of a ground fault. Upon detection of a ground fault, the ground fault detector can be isolated from ground.

Abstract: An overhead power line insulator comprises a dielectric element (4) having an outside surface forming a skirt (5) with a head extended by a metal attachment fitting (7) for attaching the insulator, and a device for detecting surface leakage current flowing on the dielectric (4), the device comprising a conductive ring (8) that surrounds the fitting (7) and that is in contact with the outside surface of the dielectric (4). An electrically insulating protective element (10) is provided in the form of a collared bushing that surrounds the fitting (7), being interposed between the ring (8) and the fitting (7) and extending radially so as to overlie the ring (8) in order to protect it from environmental pollution.

Abstract: Systems of an electrical vehicle and the operations thereof are provided. High-voltage interlock (HVIL) determines if a high-voltage system, such as a power source (e.g., vehicle battery), a load (e.g., vehicle motor), and conductors therebetween, have been properly connected. If not, battery contactor is not allowed to be closed or, if already closed, opened. A redundant HVIL system is provided to mitigate the false positives associated with an HVIL component failure.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing multi-tier domain pre-characterization for floating random walk capacitance extraction of a semiconductor structure includes a processor configured to recursively execute a floating random walk algorithm, over a plurality of points for a plurality of conductors, to permit determination of a potential at a plurality of points on a Gaussian surface around each of a plurality of conductors and determination of a coupling capacitance between the plurality of conductors, each iteration of the floating random walk algorithm comprising selection of a domain about an initial boundary point on the Gaussian surface of the respective one of the plurality of conductors and determination of a new boundary point on the new domain, from which a successive boundary point is selected with a corresponding successive domain centered thereabout, this process continuing until a corresponding successive domain terminates at a boundary having a known potential, whereupon the processor determines the pote

Abstract: A reading circuit for a die ID in a chip is provided. The reading circuit includes a chip damage detection circuit, a switch selector, a fuse controller, and a fuse device, where the fuse device stores the die ID; the fuse controller reads the die ID from the fuse device; the chip damage detection circuit detects whether a processor in the chip is capable of operating properly, so as to obtain a detection result, and notify the switch selector of the detection result; and when the detection result is that the processor is capable of operating properly, the switch selector connects the processor and the fuse controller; and when the detection result is that the processor is not capable of operating properly, the switch selector connects the fuse controller and a maintenance device that is located outside the chip.

Abstract: To provide an electric component socket in which a pressing surface of a pressing member is prevented from contacting a contact pin when the socket is pressed by the pressing surface in a state where a first electric component is not housed in the socket. A pressing surface of a pressing mechanism contacts a first electric component when the pressing mechanism is moved downward in a state where the first electric component is housed in a plate. On the other hand, when the pressing mechanism is moved downward in a state where the first electric component is not housed in the plate, a push-up member is lifted up with the plate to push up the pressing surface. Therefore, the pressing surface is moved upward to prevent the pressing surface from contacting the contact pin.

Abstract: A device comprising a device under test and a time to current converter configured to be coupled to the device under test. The device under test comprises: (i) at least one delay element for creating a delay; (ii) at least one capacitor for providing capacitance loading to the at least one delay element; and (iii) at least one switch to control the capacitance loading provided by the at least one capacitor. The time to current converter comprises (i) a first input for receiving a first clock signal; (ii) a second input for receiving an inverted and delayed version of the first clock signal from the device under test; and (iii) an impedance module for measuring an output current. During a testing mode, the at least one switch is in a closed position so the at least one capacitor can provide a capacitance loading to the at least one delay element to amplify the delay associated with the device under test.

Abstract: A structure, for defect inspection, is provided, which includes a scanning pad scanned by an electron beam inspection tool and a test key. The structure can be located in the scribe line. A virtual grounding pad is further provided if the test key is located in the dummy pattern regions.

Abstract: An integrated circuit, comprising functional circuitry and testing circuitry. A first set of pads is operable in a first state for communicating testing signals to the testing circuitry and operable in a second state for communicating input/output signals to the functional circuitry. A second set of pads, differing from the first set of pads, is operable in the second state for communicating testing signals to the testing circuitry for testing signals associated in the second state with the first set of pads.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to articles (and the manufacture thereof) that use electrical energy to heat a material to form an inhalable substance, the articles being sufficiently compact to be considered “hand-held” devices. In certain embodiments, the articles can particularly be characterized as smoking articles. The smoking article can be adapted to detect the status of a cartridge portion of the smoking article. The smoking article includes a control body portion having a control body engagement end, wherein the control body portion houses a control component and a power source therein. The article further includes a cartridge body portion that has a cartridge body engagement end configured to removably engage the control body engagement end of the control body portion. The cartridge body portion houses a consumable arrangement and a heating connection operably engaged therewith comprising at least one heating element and a fusible link.

Abstract: A method for identifying the existence of a failure of a relay device in an electrical power supply system of a device to be supplied with power, the power supply system comprising at least one power generator configured to generate a power supply signal and a load comprising at least one relay device; the power generator comprising a frequency variator; each relay device comprising a quadripole and at least one antenna linked to the quadripole. The identification method comprises the following steps: a) selecting a characteristic frequency, b) determining the impedance of the load, then when the supply signal has the selected characteristic frequency, c) repeating steps a) and b) for several distinct characteristic frequencies, d) identifying the existence of a failure from several impedances determined for different characteristic frequencies.

Abstract: Eddy current inspection of the step iron region of a generator stator core lamina insulation is performed while the rotor is in situ, with inspection system (81). The system (81) excites the stator core (26) and then measures any eddy currents indicative of a damaged region. The inspection system carriage (42) and its pivoting extension arm (52) are inserted within the rotor gap (34) while the rotor (22) remains in situ within the generator (20). The EL CID system's eddy current sensing coil assembly (54) includes a Chattock coil (70), which is mounted in a coil housing (56, 58) that is in turn pivotally mounted on a distal end of the extension arm (52). A sensing surface (60) of the coil housing (56, 58) remains in abutting contact with the generator core circumference in the step iron region (32), despite the step-like profile of the core circumference in that region.

Abstract: A generator testing appliance for use in servicing an electrical power generation unit that has a generator connected to a controller. Within a cabinet are multiple conductive circuit paths each having an electrically interposed main switch that is mounted to the cabinet. Multiple conductor controller leads are each connected at one end to a first end of a different one of the conductive circuit paths and are connected or connectable at their opposite ends to a different one of the terminals of the controller. Multiple conductor generator leads are connected at one end to the opposite second end of a different one of the conductive circuit paths and at their opposite ends to a different one of the terminals of the generator. Multiple meter test lead ports that are accessible from the exterior of the cabinet are electrically connected to a terminal of a different one of the main switches.

Abstract: For each cell in a plurality of cells, a first cell characteristic and a second cell characteristic are received in order to obtain a plurality of cell characteristics. For each cell in the plurality of cells, a batch compatibility number that is associated with a number of compatible cells that that cell is compatible with is determined based at least in part on the plurality of cell characteristics. The plurality of cells is sorted according to the batch compatibility numbers in order to obtain a sorted list of cells. A list of compatible cells to include in a battery is generated, including by evaluating the plurality of cells according to the order specified by the sorted list of cells and beginning with a cell with the lowest batch compatibility number.

Abstract: A route switching circuit includes: a pair of normal detection routes that output voltages of a positive side connection point and a negative side connection point, which are different from each other, in multiple batteries for constituting an assembled battery; and a pair of diagnosis detection routes that output the voltages of the positive side connection point and the negative side connection point, and confirm a connection state of the normal detection routes by using the normal detection routes, which output at least one of a voltage of a positive side battery connected to a positive side from the positive side connection point and a voltage of a negative side battery connected to a negative side from the negative side connection point.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a calculation apparatus includes a calculator. The calculator calculates a relationship between a charge amount and a potential according to an arbitrary initial charge amount based on a relationship between a charge amount and a potential of an electrode of a secondary battery on a charge side and a relationship between a charge amount and a potential of the electrode on a discharge side.

Abstract: In a battery degradation monitoring system provided with a battery monitoring unit including a temperature sensor for detecting the ambient temperature of a battery mounted on a vehicle and a clock function unit to compute the state of charge and the degradation rate of the battery as a whole by inputting the voltages and temperatures of a plurality of battery modules of the battery from cell monitoring units when an ignition switch of the vehicle is on, the battery monitoring unit is further actuated by the clock function unit each time a predetermined period of time elapses when the ignition switch of the vehicle is off to integrate a degradation function formula with respect to the ambient temperature detected by the temperature sensor and compute the degradation rate of the battery when the ignition switch is off.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to an embodiment includes an installer provided on a gantry and configured to be capable of installing thereon an electronic apparatus. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to the embodiment includes a drawing structure configured to draw out the electronic apparatus installed on the installer to a position that is away from the gantry by a certain distance in excitation of a static magnetic field magnet.

Abstract: A device in accordance with several embodiments can include a plurality of N Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs), which can be divided into a plurality of sub-blocks of SQUIDs. The SQUIDs in the sub-blocks can be RF SQUIDs, DC SQUIDs or bi-SQUIDs. The sub-blocks can be arranged in a plurality of X tiers, with each Ti tier having a different number of sub-blocks of SQUIDs than an immediately adjacent Ti tier. Each Ti tier can have the same total bias current; and can have SQUIDs with different critical currents and loop sizes, with the different loop sizes on each tier having a Gaussian distribution of between 0.5 and 1.5 (or a random distribution). Additionally, the Arrays can be configured as three independent planar arrays of SQUIDs. The three planar arrays can be triangular when viewed in top plan, and can be arranged so that they are orthogonal to each other.

Abstract: An atomic magnetometer includes a vapor cell, one or more pumping lasers, a probe laser, and a sensor. The one or more pumping lasers are disposed to direct one or more laser beams though the vapor cell to interact with atoms of an atomic vapor in the vapor cell. The atomic vapor periodically absorbs light of alternating circular polarization from the one or more laser beams. The probe laser is disposed to direct polarized light to pass through the vapor cell. The sensor is disposed to intersect the polarized light from the probe laser after passing through the vapor cell.

Abstract: Magnetometers with high bandwidth acquisition of data with increased sensitivity are described herein. Increased bandwidth and sensitivity may be achieved by eliminating a reference signal for full repolarization of the magneto-optical defect center material prior to acquisition. Elimination of the reference signal eliminates the time needed to repolarize the magneto-optical defect center material and the acquisition time for the reference signal. A radiofrequency (RF) pulse sequence may be activate to apply an RF field to the magneto-optical defect center material and a magnetic field measurement may be acquired using the magneto-optical defect center material. The magnetic field measurement may be acquired independent of a reference magnetic field measurement.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a magnetometer sensor with negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. One example embodiment is a magnetometer sensor. The magnetometer sensor includes a diamond crystal with one or more negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers. The magnetometer sensor also includes one or more light sources. Further, the magnetometer sensor includes an electrode. In addition, the magnetometer sensor includes a read-out module. The read-out module includes a read-out circuit configured to read-out a photocurrent from the electrode and a lock-in amplifier. The lock-in amplifier includes a first input, a second input, and an output. The magnetometer sensor additionally includes a microwave source configured to apply a microwave field to the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers. The microwave source includes a microwave generator for generating continuous wave microwaves and a microwave modulator configured to modulate the continuous wave microwaves.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of providing content related to capture of a medical image of an object. The method includes acquiring at least one of information related to a state of the object and information related to a capture protocol, determining content to be provided to the object on a basis of the acquired information, and outputting the determined content.

Abstract: A needle placement manipulator includes, a needle holder configured to hold a needle, a guide system configured to position the needle holder to a predetermined direction with respect to a subject of needle placement, an attachment including an attaching portion to which the guide system is attached and a setting portion on which an RF-coil is set. A base surface of the setting portion is configured to be disposed on the subject.

Abstract: An NMR analysis device and a method for operating an NMR analysis device (7) including a circuit having an NMR analysis probe (9) and a cryostat (8) linked by a cryogenic line (16), includes a step of configuration of this circuit through which fluid flows (M0 to M9) circulate, said configuration step comprising an implementation of different modes of operation of the device (7), according to the activation/deactivation of redirection elements (VC1, VC2, VC3, VC4) and/or of the configuration in closed/open mode of looping elements (A1 to A11) of this circuit.

Abstract: An RF antenna system (100, 1014, 1014?) transmits RF excitation signals into and/or receives MR signals from an MR imaging system's (1000, 1100, 1200) imaging volume (1015). The magnetic resonance imaging antenna includes a coil former (100, 1014, 1014?) adjacent to the imaging volume (1015); and a resonator (400, 500, 600) attached to the coil former and tuned to at least one resonant frequency formed from electrical connections (304), between multiple capacitors (302). The multiple capacitors are distributed in a periodic pattern (300, 700, 800, 900) about and along the coil former.

Abstract: A radio frequency coil apparatus for a magnetic resonance imaging system comprising an inductor circular carrier, a first capacitor circular carrier, and a second capacitor circular carrier. A plurality of inductor bars are provided at intervals on the inductor circular carrier. A plurality of first capacitor elements are provided on the first capacitor circular carrier, the first capacitor circular carrier being configured to be detachably connected to one end of the inductor circular carrier, the plurality of first capacitor elements being configured to be connected to one end of the plurality of inductor bars. A plurality of second capacitor elements are provided on the second capacitor circular carrier, the second capacitor circular carrier being configured to be detachably connected to the other end of the inductor circular carrier, the plurality of second capacitor elements being configured to be connected to the other end of the plurality of inductor bars.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention address the problems with previously known MRI enhancement resonators. The embodiments provide capacitances that are sufficiently large to result in resonance frequencies that are sufficiently low for medical MRI applications in devices that are sufficiently small for implantation into the body. Further, the capacitance and resonance frequency of the MRI enhancement resonator may be easily adjusted to particular desired values by selecting corresponding thin-film dielectrics, or thicknesses of such thin-film dielectrics. Moreover, the design and geometry of the embodiments provide MRI enhancement resonators with high Q-factors. The construction and material of such MRI enhancement resonators also yield flexible and biocompatible devices that are appropriate for applications involving implantation into the body.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to an embodiment includes sequence controlling circuitry and image generating circuitry. The sequence controlling circuitry acquires magnetic resonance signals in an imaging region. The image generating circuitry generates an image. The sequence controlling circuitry sets timings of RF pulses such that a first time and a second time are different. Here, the first time is a time since an irradiation of a first RF pulse without selection of region until a start of acquisition. The second time is a time since an irradiation of a second RF pulse with selection of the labeling region until the start of acquisition. The second time is also a time for a liquid present in the labeling region to reach a desired position in the imaging region. The first time is also a time for longitudinal magnetization components of a background tissue to become substantially zero.

Abstract: There is provided a novel method and circuit of compensating for cross-talk between pairs of adjacent array elements of a transceiver phased array and double-tuned transceiver arrays for a magnetic resonance system using a resonant inductive decoupling circuit. The geometry and size of the resonant inductive decoupling circuit allows for the decoupling circuit to compensate for the cross-talk between array elements, including the reactive and resistive components of the mutual impedance while being sufficiently small to not distort a RF magnetic field of the array elements produced within a sample.

Abstract: At least two RF transmission coil arrangements are provided. Each of the at least two RF transmission coil arrangements includes at least one RF transmission antenna. The at least two RF transmission coil arrangements are actuatable by a transmission apparatus of the magnetic resonance imaging system for transmitting RF pulses.

Abstract: According to some aspects, a portable magnetic resonance imaging system is provided, comprising a B0 magnet configured to produce a B0 magnetic field for an imaging region of the magnetic resonance imaging system, a noise reduction system configured to detect and suppress at least some electromagnetic noise in an operating environment of the portable magnetic resonance imaging system, and electromagnetic shielding provided to attenuate at least some of the electromagnetic noise in the operating environment of the portable magnetic resonance imaging system, the electromagnetic shielding arranged to shield a fraction of the imaging region of the portable magnetic resonance imaging system. According to some aspects, the electromagnetic shield comprises at least one electromagnetic shield structure adjustably coupled to the housing to provide electromagnetic shielding for the imaging region in an amount that can be varied.

Abstract: A medical imaging system (10) includes a nuclear imaging system (62), a timing optimization unit (40), a magnetic resonance (MR) scanner (12), an MR reconstruction unit (38), and an attenuation map unit (50). The nuclear imaging system (62) receives nuclear decay data and generates at least one nuclear image (64) of a first resolution based on the received nuclear decay data of an imaged subject (16) and an attenuation map (52). The timing optimization unit (40) which selects a first and a second echo time for a modified Dixon (mDixon) pulse sequence and a sufficient number of repetition times (TRs) to generate an image of the subject (16) of at least a first resolution, with the phase angle difference between water and fat at the first and the second echo time being unequal to 0° and 180°. The MR scanner (12) applies the sequence to the subject (16) and receives MR data (32) from the subject. The MR reconstruction unit (38) reconstructs at least one MR image (44) based on the MR data (32).

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for sampling magnetic resonance (MR) signals received from each of a plurality of channel coils included in a radio frequency (RF) multi-coil such that intervals between two acquired signals that are adjacent in a first axis direction of a 3D K-space are non-uniform; and restoring an MR image by using the received MR signals.

Abstract: An embodiment in accordance with the present invention provides a method of non-invasively detecting and imaging temperature or temperature changes by assessing the temperature induced shifts in the saturation spectrum of water using MRI, namely saturation shift referencing. This procedure includes the MRI procedures to assess water saturation spectrum and the data processing steps to determine the temperature induced shifts of water resonance frequency and consequently to estimate the temperature change. This procedure also includes the procedure of assessing fat saturation spectrum and estimating fat resonance frequency. This method can be used as a clinical procedure for temperature mapping in multiple applications, especially where a significant amount of fat is present. One application is to monitor the temperature of the targeted tumor and its surrounding tissues during the procedure of hyperthermia.

Abstract: A method of characterising relative proportions of magnetic resonance (MR) chemical species where one or more of the chemical species has a multi-peak MR spectra includes defining an in-phase measurement time window and an out-phase measurement time window relative to a frequency difference between the two dominant spectral peaks of at least one said multi-peak chemical species. The in-phase window captures the signal that is progressing to being maximally in-phase for the two dominant peaks, and the out-phase window captures the signal that is progressing to being maximally out of phase for the two dominant peaks. The method includes identifying an increased upward deviation in the signal over the in-phase window relative to a reference signal decay over the out-phase window, where such upward deviation in the signal over the in-phase window provides an indicator of the increased presence of the one or more multi peak spectral species over the other species.

Abstract: A method of Dixon-type MR imaging includes the steps of —generating a first imaging sequence for producing first MR echo signals at a first echo time, such that contributions from MR signals emanating from water protons and MR signals emanating from fat protons to the first MR echo signals are essentially in phase, —acquiring the first MR echo signals at a first signal-to-noise ratio, —generating a second imaging sequence for producing second MR echo signals at a second echo time, such that contributions from MR signals emanating from water protons and MR signals emanating from fat protons to the second MR echo signals are at least partially out of phase, —acquiring the second MR echo signals at a second signal-to-noise ratio which is different from the first signal-to-noise ratio, and —reconstructing a MR image from the first and second MR echo signals. The signal contributions from water protons and fat protons are separated.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to one embodiment includes an arranger, a sensitivity deriver, and an image generator. The arranger arranges time-series data at a part of sampling points out of sampling points of a k-space determined based on an imaging parameter. The sensitivity deriver derives a sensitivity distribution in a time-space, in which the time-series data transformed in a time direction is expressed with a coefficient value, based on the time-series data. The image generator generates an image of the time-series data using the time-series data and the sensitivity distribution.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for acquiring magnetic resonance (MR) raw data with a simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) data acquisition sequence, nuclear spins respectively in multiple slices of the examination subject are simultaneously excited by radiating, from a radio-frequency (RF) radiator of the MR data acquisition scanner, a multi-band (MB) RF pulse. This MB RF pulse in the SMS data acquisition sequence is generated by radiating and superimposing a number of single band (SB) RF pulses emitted from said RF radiator, each having a respectively different flip angle. Raw MR data are acquired from the multiple slices of the examination subject after the simultaneous excitation of nuclear spins in the multiple slices with said MB RF pulse.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system (600) obtains magnetic resonance (MR) images of a volume. The MRI system includes at least one controller (610) configured to perform a preparation scan (103, 301) to acquire preparation echo phase information (105, PEPI) for a plurality of dynamics of a scan (300); output a plurality of pulse sequences (200), each pulse sequence is configured for a corresponding dynamic of the plurality of dynamics of the scan and includes a navigator sequence (204) and an image sequence (206); acquire navigation and image information (111, 117) for each corresponding pulse sequence of the plurality of pulse sequences; and/or form corrected image information (125) by correcting echo phase information in accordance with the preparation echo phase information, correcting at least one of gradient delay or frequency offset of the image information in accordance with the navigation information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phantom for quality assurance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) for multi-artifact correction. An aspect of the present invention provides a phantom capable of simultaneously evaluating performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), the phantom including: a first hemispheric container; and a second hemispheric container which has the same structure and the same size as the first container, in which the first container and the second container are connected by being in direct contact with each other so as to form a symmetrical structure, each of the first container and the second container includes a teeth retainer into which a plurality of teeth mimics, which mimics teeth of a body, is inserted, and an insertion hole into which at least one bone mimic is inserted, and an interior of each of the first container and the second container is filled with at least one solution that mimics a brain metabolite.

Abstract: A method and apparatus determine an exchange stiffness of a free layer residing in a magnetic junction. The method includes performing spin torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) measurements for the magnetic junction. The ST-FMR measurements indicate characteristic frequencies corresponding to spin wave modes in the free layer. The method also includes calculating the exchange stiffness of the free layer based upon the plurality of characteristic frequencies. In some embodiments, the magnetic junction resides on a wafer including other magnetic junctions for a device. The magnetic junctions may be arranged as a magnetic memory. The magnetic junction undergoing ST-FMR has a different aspect ratio than the magnetic junctions.

Abstract: A system for calibrating a power meter may include mechanically detachably electrically engaging a first power meter with a second power meter. The first power meter may receive a first current input signal representative of a current level in a first conductor to a load and receive a first voltage input signal representative of a voltage level in the first conductor, and determine a first power level based upon the first current input signal and the first voltage input signal. A second power meter may receive a second current input signal representative of the current level in the first conductor to the load from the first power meter, receive a second voltage input signal representative of the voltage level in the first conductor to the load from the first power meter, and determine a second power level based upon the second current input signal and the second voltage input signal.

Abstract: A monitoring system including a plurality of monitoring devices (20) and a server (10) is provided. When new device data including a feature amount of a new electrical device different form existing electrical devices is extracted from measurement data (current consumption or the like), the monitoring device (20) calibrates the feature amount of the new electrical device using calibration data generated based on calibration data of the exiting electrical device, and transmits the new device data to the server (10) in association with identification information of the new electrical device. When the calibrated new device data of the new electrical device is received from the plurality of monitoring devices (20), the server (10) generates and registers training data of the new electrical device based on the plurality of pieces of calibrated new device data.

Abstract: Systems and methods of transmitting location data based on wireless communication activity can include a location transmitting device having a sensor communicatively coupled to a low-power transmitter. The transmitter (e.g., a Bluetooth™ transmitter) can transmit location data from which an electronic device can derive its location. The sensor can be a sensor configured to detect wireless data transmissions (e.g., cellular data transmissions). In one example, the transmitter can transmit location data in response to the sensor detecting data transmissions of an electronic device. The transmitter can remain in an idle, standby, or otherwise low-power state until the sensor detects data transmissions of an electronic device. In response, the transmitter can transmit data which can be received by the electronic device. The electronic device can then derive the electronic device's location from the data transmitted by the transmitter.

Abstract: A zero-optical-path-length-difference optical phased array built with essentially planar photonic devices determines a direction to an incoherent optical source, such as a star. The phased array can replace a 3-dimensional star tracker with a nearly 2-dimensional system that is smaller and lighter. The zero-optical-path-length-difference phased array can be optically connected to an interferometer. Driven by a light source, the zero-optical-path-length-difference phased array can be used as an optical projector.

Abstract: Provided are a sonar device, signal processing method, and recording medium which contribute to improvement in target signal detection ability of an operator. The sonar device comprises a signal detection processing unit and a noise suppression processing unit. The signal detection processing unit calculates a direction vector for each frequency cell and also calculates a resultant vector direction obtained by summing up the direction vectors of all the frequency cells.

Abstract: A medical apparatus system is provided, the medical apparatus system comprising: at least one medical apparatus (2), at least one mobile control unit (3), for a medical apparatus (2), having a WLAN transmitting module (4) and a further radio transmitting module (5), at least one WLAN access point (6) having at least one antenna, at least one further radio reading module (7), and control device (8) connected to the at least one WLAN access point (7) and the at least one further radio reading module (7) in order to locate the medical apparatus and/or the mobile control unit in a process reliable manner.