Abstract: A refrigeration system (30) comprises a compressor (36) for driving the refrigerant along a refrigerant flowpath (34) and having a first stage (36A) and a second stage (36B). A first heat exchanger (38) is along the refrigerant flowpath. An intercooler heat exchanger (120) is along the refrigerant flowpath. A second heat exchanger (42) is along the refrigerant flowpath. An additional heat exchanger (170) is along the refrigerant flowpath between the compressor second stage and the first heat exchanger.

Abstract: An ejector refrigeration circuit includes a compressor, a heating heat exchanger, a first decompressor, an exterior heat exchanger, a second decompressor, a cooling heat exchanger, a heating ejector, a heating-side gas-liquid separator, and a refrigerant circuit switch. The refrigerant circuit switch switches between a refrigerant circuit in a first dehumidifying-heating mode and a refrigerant circuit in a second dehumidifying-heating mode. A flow direction of the refrigerant through the exterior heat exchanger in the first dehumidifying-heating mode is the same as a flow direction of the refrigerant through the exterior heat exchanger in the second dehumidifying-heating mode. The flow direction of the refrigerant through the exterior heat exchanger in the first dehumidifying-heating mode is different from a flow direction of the refrigerant through the exterior heat exchanger in the heating mode.

Abstract: A thermal management system comprises a first heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between a first component and a first working fluid, a first working fluid compressor downstream in first working fluid flow of the first heat exchanger and configured to compress the first working fluid, a second heat exchanger downstream in first working fluid flow of the compressor and configured to exchange heat between the first working fluid and a second working fluid and an expander downstream in first working fluid flow of the second heat exchanger, and configured to expand and cool first working fluid and deliver cooled first working fluid to the first heat exchanger. The system further comprises a third heat exchanger upstream in second working fluid flow of the second heat exchanger, and configured to exchange heat between a second component and the second working fluid.

Abstract: A transport refrigeration system (200) having: a refrigeration unit (22) configured to circulate refrigerant through a refrigeration circuit; a battery system (190) configured to power the refrigeration unit; and a heat transfer system (195) thermally connected to the battery system, the heat transfer system being configured to transfer heat from the flash tank to the battery system through the vaporized refrigerant.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to an energy efficient thermal protection assembly. The thermal protection assembly can comprise three or more thermoelectric unit layers capable of active use of the Peltier effect; and at least one capacitance spacer block suitable for storing heat and providing a delayed thermal reaction time of the assembly. The capacitance spacer block is thermally connected between the thermoelectric unit layers. The present disclosure further relates to a thermoelectric transport and storage devices for transporting or storing temperature sensitive goods, for example, vaccines, chemicals, biologicals, and other temperature sensitive goods. The transport or storage device can be configured and provide on-board energy storage for sustaining, for multiple days, at a constant-temperature, with an acceptable temperature variation band.

Abstract: A vapor injection heat pump includes a coolant loop and a refrigerant loop. The refrigerant loop includes a compressor, a valve directing a refrigerant of the compressor to a first or second heat exchanger dependent upon a mode of operation, an expansion device receiving the refrigerant from at least one of the heat exchangers, a separator receiving an expanded liquid/vapor refrigerant mix from the expansion device and directing a vapor component to a first input port of the compressor and a liquid component to a second valve. The second valve directs the liquid component to the heat exchangers, dependent upon the mode, and an accumulator receives an output refrigerant of the heat exchangers dependent upon the mode and directs a vapor component to a second input port of the compressor. A control module controls a pump in the coolant loop and the first and second valves dependent upon the mode.

Abstract: An outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioning apparatus includes a main heat exchange unit and an auxiliary heat exchange unit. When the outdoor heat exchanger is operated to function as an evaporator, in the outdoor heat exchanger, refrigerant flows from the auxiliary heat exchange unit into the main heat exchange unit, and in the auxiliary heat exchange unit, refrigerant flows from a first heat transfer tube of an auxiliary heat exchange unit into a second heat transfer tube of an auxiliary heat exchange unit. When a refrigerant outlet temperature is lower than a freezing point of water, the operation is performed such that a refrigerant inlet temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the auxiliary heat exchange unit is higher than an outdoor air temperature and that a refrigerant outlet temperature of the refrigerant delivered out of the auxiliary heat exchange unit is lower than the outdoor air temperature.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes: a heat exchanging portion configured to exchange heat between a refrigerant flowing through therein and air; a liquid reservoir configured to separate a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanging portion into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant, the liquid reservoir storing the liquid-phase refrigerant; and a refrigerant adjustment portion configured to adjust a flow state of the refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant adjustment portion through a refrigerant passage of the refrigeration cycle, supply the refrigerant to the heat exchanging portion and adjust an outflow state and an outflow destination of the refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanging portion or the liquid reservoir. At least a part of the refrigerant adjustment portion is inserted into the liquid reservoir.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a multi-way valve. In one example, a system may comprise a multi-way valve comprising a regulator material arranged in a toroidal, flexible housing arranged in a passage shaped to flow a fluid. The regulator material may phase change in response to a temperature of the fluid, wherein the phase change may result in a constriction of a flow-through area of the passage.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a heat exchanging portion, a reservoir that performs gas-liquid separation on a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that flows out from the heat exchanging portion into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant and stores the liquid-phase refrigerant, and an inflow passage that allows the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing out from the heat exchanging portion to flow into the reservoir. The inflow passage is connected so as to be in communication with an inlet port of the reservoir which is disposed above a liquid surface of the liquid-phase refrigerant stored in the reservoir.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVAC&R) system that includes a refrigerant loop, a compressor disposed along the refrigerant loop and configured to circulate refrigerant through the refrigerant loop, a heat exchanger disposed along the refrigerant loop and configured to place the refrigerant in thermal communication with a cooling fluid flowing through tubes of a tube bundle within the heat exchanger, an inlet of the heat exchanger configured to direct the refrigerant into the heat exchanger, a trough of the heat exchanger configured to receive the refrigerant from the inlet, and a perforated baffle of the heat exchanger disposed downstream of the trough and configured to direct the refrigerant from the trough over the tubes of the tube bundle.

Abstract: A device for compression of a gaseous fluid, in particular of a refrigerant. The device comprises a housing with a suction pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber, a compression mechanism as well as a configuration developed in the proximity of the high pressure chamber, for the separation of a control mass flow from a fluid-lubricant mixture for the control of the compression mechanism. The configuration is developed and disposed with a first flow duct for diverting a main mass flow of the compressed fluid-lubricant mixture from the device and a second flow duct for conducting the control mass flow within the device to the suction pressure chamber in such manner as to separate a mass flow of the gaseous fluid as a control mass flow. A method for the separation of a control mass flow is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is provided with: a turbo compressor that compresses a refrigerant; a condenser that condenses the refrigerant compressed by the turbo compressor; an expansion valve that expands a liquid refrigerant introduced from the condenser; an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant expanded by the expansion valve; an oil tank that stores a lubricating oil supplied to the turbo compressor; a pressure equalizing pipe that connects the oil tank and the evaporator; and a control unit that controls start-up. The control unit calculates the amount of a refrigerant eluded into the lubricating oil in the oil tank at the time of start-up, and reduces a pressure reduction speed in the oil tank by limiting the opening operation of an IGV when the refrigerant elution amount per prescribed time exceeds a prescribed value.

Abstract: A heat pump unit, which comprises: a heat pump system comprising a compressor, a refrigeration heat exchanger, a heating heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger, a flow path switching valve and a throttling element, wherein the throttling dement is arranged on a flow path between any two of the heat exchangers; and further comprising a mode switching flow path, wherein a first flow path, a second flow path and a third flow path are arranged and each flow path is controllably conducted or disconnected to realize different functional modes.

Abstract: A method operates an absorption heat pump system, specifically the flow of hydronic cooling fluid through the condenser during system start-ups, or when the cooling fluid temperature is low. To minimize the time for an absorption heat pump to reach full cooling or heating capacity, it is desirable for the high side pressure to increase as fast as possible, and the low side pressure to decrease as fast as possible. Since the high side pressure is a function of the temperature of the refrigerant exiting the condenser, if the condensor cooling fluid temperature is low, the corresponding high side pressure will be low, which may not permit adequate working fluid flow rates from the high pressure side of the system to the low pressure side.

Abstract: An aspect of the present disclosure is generally directed to an ice making appliance that includes: an ice making compartment and an ice maker including an ice mold having a total water capacity. The ice mold includes a plurality of ice wells and is configured to release the ice cubes without the use of a heater and by twisting the ice mold. The ice wells are typically no more than about 12.2 mm in depth from a top surface of the ice mold and have a volume of about 20 mL or less. The ice maker is capable of producing at least about 3.5 lbs. of ice or more in a 24 hour span.

Abstract: An aspect of the present disclosure is generally directed to an ice making appliance that includes: an ice making compartment and an ice maker including an ice mold having a total water capacity. The ice mold includes a plurality of ice wells and is configured to release the ice cubes without the use of a heater and by twisting the ice mold. The ice wells are typically no more than about 12.2 mm in depth from a top surface of the ice mold and have a volume of about 20 mL or less. The ice maker is capable of producing at least about 3.5 lbs. of ice or more in a 24 hour span.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an eco-friendly ice pack, which includes a water repellent material that maintains the shape of the ice pack and does not absorb a refrigerant, so that it can be easily separately discharged after use of the ice pack. In accordance with the present invention, the above and other objects can be accomplished by the provision of an eco-friendly ice pack including a refrigerant including a phase change material changing phase according to temperature, an outer case including the refrigerant and being formed by sealing in order to prevent the refrigerant from being discharged to the outside, and a water repellent supporter being disposed in the outer case, holding the shape of the ice pack to prevent the shape of the ice pack from being changed according to the shape of the refrigerant, and having water repellency to the refrigerant to avoid mixing with the refrigerant.

Abstract: Disclosed is a refrigerator that facilitates access to each evaporator and improves maintenance performance. In the refrigerator, a different temperature of cold air cooled by each evaporator is brought into each cooling chamber with a different temperature range and different humidity range. The refrigerator includes a main refrigerator body including a machine room and a cooling chamber, an evaporator contained in the machine room, and a cooling unit detachably mounted in the machine room and including a compressor, a condenser, and an insulation member, wherein the cooling unit, while mounted in the machine room, has the insulation member tightly contact an inner wall of the machine room to form an insulation space, and the evaporator is contained in the insulation space.

Abstract: A filter for a refrigerator, with the filter including a housing having a main wall and a peripheral wall extending from the main wall to define a cavity. A filter body and a cooling plate may be coupled to the housing and positioned within the cavity. A cover may be coupled to the housing and have at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening spaced from the at least one inlet opening. The cover may be transitional between a closed position and an open position. In the closed position, the cover may extend over the cavity and define a fluid flow path from the at least one inlet opening, across the filter body, and through the at least one outlet opening. At least a portion of the cavity may be exposed as the cover transitions from the closed position toward the open position.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an air duct assembly of a refrigerator, comprising: a main body, the main body being provided with an air inlet toward one side of the main body, a plurality of air outlets formed in areas of two sides of the main body, and an air-uniformizing partition plate provided on the main body and located above the air inlet, and the air-uniformizing partition plate divides the air entered from the air inlet into the areas of two sides of the main body and the air is discharged via the plurality of air outlets.

Abstract: Provided herein are specifications for a cooling unit for the portable cooling of perishable goods comprising: a housing at least partially defining a compartment for holding a cooling medium; a heat exchanger; a fan positioned to generate an airflow through the heat exchanger; and an electronic control unit operable to control the fan. In some embodiments, the heat exchanger is a radiator, and the cooling unit further comprises: a cooling circuit coupled to the housing, the cooling circuit comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the compartment, a pump, an outlet in fluid communication with the compartment, the radiator and a fluid line connecting the inlet, the pump, the outlet, and the radiator; wherein the electronic control unit is further operable to control the pump and circulate cooling medium through the cooling circuit.

Abstract: A cooling device is capable of protecting an electronically controlled expansion valve in a main refrigerant circuit from the liquid hammer phenomenon due to high-pressure liquid refrigerant when cooling operation starts. The cooling device includes a main refrigerant circuit, a defrosting refrigerant circuit, and a controller. In the main refrigerant circuit, a compressor, a condenser, a main opening-closing valve, an expansion valve in which the flow rate of refrigerant is variable, and an evaporator are connected via refrigerant pipes. The defrosting refrigerant circuit connects the refrigerant outlet side of the compressor in the main refrigerant circuit and the refrigerant inlet side of the evaporator in the main refrigerant circuit to each other and includes a valve mechanism.

Abstract: A refrigeration appliance door is provided that includes a door wrapper forming an exterior of the appliance door. The door wrapper defines a wrapper flange defining a plurality of wrapper protrusions. A door liner defines a liner flange. The liner flange defines a plurality of liner protrusions. The door wrapper and the door liner are in a spaced apart configuration. A trim breaker defines a wrapper groove, a liner groove and a gasket groove. The wrapper flange is centered within the wrapper groove and the liner flange is centered within the liner groove. An adhesive is positioned within each of the wrapper and liner grooves. A portion of a gasket is positioned within the gasket groove of the trim breaker.

Abstract: A method of making a vacuum insulated refrigerator cabinet structure includes thermoforming a first polymer sheet to form a wrapper having a base wall and four sidewalls. The method also includes thermoforming a second polymer sheet to form a liner having a base wall and four sidewalls. Elongated corner stiffeners are adhesively secured to inside corners of the wrapper. A resilient ring is adhesively secured to the wrapper and liner. The resilient ring includes pins that are received in openings of the elongated corner stiffeners. Porous material is disposed in a vacuum cavity between the wrapper and the liner.

Abstract: A vacuum insulated cabinet structure includes an exterior wrapper with a front edge extending around an opening thereof. At least one liner includes a front edge extending around an opening of the liner, wherein the liner is disposed inside of the wrapper with the front edge of the wrapper disposed around the front edge of the liner in assembly. A thermal bridge includes an outer coupling portion and an inner coupling portion. In assembly, the outer coupling portion is overmolded to a portion of the front edge of the wrapper, and the inner coupling portion is overmolded to a portion of the front edge of the liner to form a sealed vacuum cavity between the wrapper and the liner. The thermal bridge is formed in a mold in which the preformed wrapper and liner are partially disposed to form a unitary composite structure.

Abstract: An appliance includes an outer wrapper, an inner liner, a trim breaker having a wrapper channel that receives a wrapper edge of the outer wrapper and a liner channel that receives a liner edge of the inner liner, and an insulation material disposed within an insulating cavity defined therebetween. A multi-component thermal encapsulation material defines pre-mix, application and sealing states. The pre-mix state is defined by the distinct components of the thermal encapsulation material being separated from one another, the application state defined by the distinct components combined together into an uncured state of the thermal encapsulation material, and the sealing state defined by the thermal encapsulation material disposed within the wrapper and liner channels and surrounding the wrapper and liner edges, respectively, in the sealing state that defines a hermetic seal between the trim breaker and the outer wrapper and the inner liner.

Abstract: A water-feed assembly of an ice maker in the refrigerator includes a diversion pipe, and an outer wall of the diversion pipe is covered with a heating layer. The first end of the diversion pipe is used to communicate with a water-outlet pipe in the ice maker of the refrigerator, and a second end of the diversion pipe is connected to a locating sleeve. The inner wall of the port of the locating sleeve away from the diversion pipe includes a resilient sealing sleeve. A radial flange is formed at an outer end of the resilient sealing sleeve. The end of the locating sleeve away from the diversion pipe is connected to a water pipe seat, and both sides of the radial flange abut against the water pipe seat and an end face of the locating sleeve, respectively.

Abstract: A refrigeration appliance including a frame defining a refrigeration compartment, a door connected to the frame and having a door gasket with a magnet disposed therein, the door movable between an open position in which the refrigeration compartment is accessible and a closed position in which the door covers the refrigeration compartment, and a tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) door sensor disposed within the frame, wherein the magnet is positioned adjacent the TMR door sensor when the door is in the closed position.

Abstract: A method of controlling a refrigerator includes starting a first cooling cycle to cool a first storage compartment by operating a compressor and a first fan, determining whether a start condition of a second cooling cycle to cool a second storage compartment is satisfied, operating a second fan for the second storage compartment when the start condition of the second cooling cycle is satisfied, determining whether an output change condition of the second fan is satisfied while the second fan operates, and changing a speed of the second fan when the output change condition of the second fan is satisfied.

Abstract: A method for controlling a refrigerator includes determining whether an ice bin accommodated in an ice making compartment that receives cold air from the first storage compartment is full of stored ice, determining, by a controller, whether an algorithm that prevents the ice stored in the ice bin from melting needs to be performed upon determining that the ice bin is full, and performing the algorithm.

Abstract: Provided is a gas processing facility capable of enhancing the performance of an air-cooled heat exchanger while suppressing the influence on apparatus from spraying of demineralized water to the air-cooled heat exchanger to be used in a processing of natural gas. An air-cooled heat exchanger arranged in the gas processing facility for performing a liquefaction process of natural gas and the like is configured to supply cooling air to a tube through which a fluid to be cooled is caused to flow, to thereby cool the fluid to be cooled, and a mist supply section is configured to supply mist obtained by spraying demineralized water, to thereby cool the cooling air. Further, the mist supply section is configured to spray the demineralized water from a lateral position on an upstream side of an intake.

Abstract: An improved method for separating hydrocarbons for separating feed LNG into product LNG and a liquid fraction enriched in C3+ components is provided.

Abstract: Process for the combined production of a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen, and of carbon monoxide by cryogenic distillation and cryogenic scrubbing, wherein a methane-rich liquid is introduced at a first intermediate level of a scrubbing column as first scrubbing liquid and at least one nitrogen-rich liquid is introduced at a level higher than the first level of the scrubbing column as second scrubbing liquid and a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen is drawn off as overhead gas from the scrubbing column.

Abstract: Systems and methods for liquefying a gaseous fluid that comprises at least 50% by volume methane into a liquefied fluid that comprises at least 85% by volume methane. Processing can include increasing a pressure of the incoming gaseous fluid to between 10 and 50 bar; pre-treating the gaseous fluid using membrane filtering to a retentate stream having a methane content of at least 85% by volume; liquefying the retentate stream by cryogenic cooling to a temperature between ?100° C. and ?140° C.; flashing the liquefied fluid into a container; retrieving processed liquid fluid at a first container level at a pressure of between 1 and 10 bar, a temperature of between ?120° C. and ?160° C., and a methane concentration of at least 85% by volume into a storage device; and retrieving a slurry flow comprising solid CO2 and water ice at a second container level below the first container level.

Abstract: Devices, methods, and systems for stripping a vapor from a gas are disclosed. A carrier gas is bubbled through a liquid coolant in a vessel. The vessel contains a mesh screen, packing materials, or combinations thereof. The carrier gas has a vapor component. The vapor component condenses, freezes, deposits, desublimates, or a combination thereof out of the carrier gas onto the mesh screen, the packing material, or combinations thereof, as a solid component. The solid component dissolves into the coolant as the coolant passes through the mesh screen, the packing material, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for removing a component from a fluid are disclosed. A feed fluid is heated by passing the feed fluid through a heating path of a first indirect-contact heat exchanger (ICHE). The feed fluid contains a first component. The fluid is heated from a first temperature to a second temperature, resulting in a heated feed fluid. The heated feed fluid is passed through a desiccator, containing a desiccant. The first component is bound up to the desiccant, resulting in a stripped-heated feed fluid. The stripped-heated feed fluid is cooled by passing the stripped-heated feed fluid through a cooling path of the first indirect-contact heat exchanger (ICHE). The stripped-heated feed fluid is cooled from a second temperature to a third temperature, the third temperature being greater than the first temperature, producing a product fluid.

Abstract: A method for drying an article with a radio frequency (RF) applicator having anode elements and cathode elements includes capacitively coupling the anode elements, capacitively coupling the cathode elements, capactively coupling an anode element to a cathode element, and energizing the RF applicator to generate an RF field between anode and cathode elements wherein liquid residing within the field will be dielectrically heated.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a unidirectional multi-path kiln with two or more chambers and generally parallel flow paths extending through the kiln, on opposite sides, from charge entry portals at a first end of the kiln to charge exit portals at a second end of the kiln. Moist heated air flowing from the second heated chamber is received in the first chamber and circulated around the lumber charges with one or more fans. The lumber charges proceed in the same direction on the flow paths through the heated second chamber, which may be an existing kiln. Charge exit portals at the distal end of the kiln and/or intermediate charge portals between the second chamber and a third chamber may be provided with insulating members configured to reduce airflow from the second chamber through the charge exit portals.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved method of drying wet or water damaged surfaces using a vacuum source, a manifold, and a plastic sheet covered grid having a lattice formation with spaces to permit the passing of moisture and air from and beneath the surface to the vacuum source.

Abstract: A rotary vacuum drum drying system is described. The system may include a plurality of sensors and a control system operatively coupled with the plurality of sensors. The control system includes a processing device to monitor a plurality of parameters of the vacuum drying system received from the plurality of sensors and automatically adjust one or more of the plurality of parameters based on the monitor of the plurality of parameters.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a sintering device and a sintering method thereof. The sintering device includes: a housing, defining a chamber; and at least one first heating mechanism and at least one second heating mechanism, disposed in the chamber, wherein the at least one first heating mechanism and the at least one second heating mechanism provide different heating temperatures for a workpiece to be processed.

Abstract: A gripping tool for removing a heat exchanger plate from a furnace wall, the gripping tool including a base having a mechanical attachment device for releasably fixing to a tool end of a boom, and a gripping assembly carriage equipped with at least a fork extending, when in use, substantially horizontally from the gripping assembly carriage. The gripping assembly carriage further includes a clamp assembly having a clamp arm equipped with at least a clamp pad, wherein said clamp arm extends substantially in the direction of the at least one fork and is movable towards and away from the at least one fork for clamping a heat exchanger plate between the fork and the clamp pad.

Abstract: An oven can include an oven body having a peripheral wall at least partially defining a cooking cavity with a top wall comprising spaced interior panels and exterior panels defining a channel therebetween. Furthermore, the oven can include insulation located in the channel and an imaging device with a field of view including at least a portion of the cooking cavity.

Abstract: Counter-flow heat exchanged is constructed with plenums at either end that separate the opposing fluids, the channels of which are arrayed in a checkerboard patterns, such that any given channel is surrounded by channels of opposing streams on four sides—laterally on both sides and vertically above and below.

Abstract: A heat exchanger in one aspect includes a longitudinal shell and a transverse shell oriented transversely thereto. A J-shaped tube bundle carrying a tube-side fluid extends through the longitudinal and transverse shells from a first tubesheet in the longitudinal shell to a second tubesheet in the transverse shell. The first and second tubesheets are oriented perpendicular to each other. In a related aspect a dual heat exchanger unit includes a first longitudinal shell, a second longitudinal shell, and a common transverse shell extending transversely between and fluidly coupled to the longitudinal shells. The longitudinal shells may be parallel to each other. The shells are fluidly coupled directly together to form a common shell-side space between pairs of inlet and outlet tubesheets. A pair of J-shaped tube bundles is disposed in the dual heat exchanger unit for heating two tube-side fluids.

Abstract: Cooling unit in which the first and second heat exchangers [13], [16] are suspended along one of their longitudinal edges respectively to one of the suspension pipes selected from first, second and third pipes, [10], [11], [12], and are capable of undergoing a substantially free elongation and/or expansion curvature below the level of the pipe suspension.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to heat exchanger for a power generation system and related methods that use supercritical fluids, and in particular to a heat exchanger configured to minimize axial forces during operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a block for a plate heat exchange. Partition plates and heat-conducting structures are stacked together with brazing material in a block, and the block is subjected to a first force in the vertical direction. A first, upper section of the block is heated to a brazing-material softening temperature, and at the same time, a second section of the block is brought to a tempering temperature which is lower than the brazing-material softening temperature. Subsequently, the block is not subjected to any force from the outside or is subjected to a second force which is lower than the first force, and the second section of the block is brought to a brazing-material softening temperature. At the same time, the first section is brought to a tempering temperature which is lower than the brazing-material softening temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of forming a combined vapor chamber and heat pipe assembly. A top plate of a vapor chamber may have one or more apertures, through which specially-shaped connectors can be inserted. Each connector may have a collar and flange, with the collar configured to be inserted into an aperture in the top plate. Once inserted, an open end of a heat pipe can be aligned and connected with the protruding portion of the collar. The connector joins the open end of the heat pipe with the top plate, and the heat pipe, connector, and top plate can be joined together to form a single unit. Afterwards, the top plate can be joined with the bottom plate in order to form the characteristic enclosure of a vapor chamber.