Abstract: Methods and systems for the treatment of wells are disclosed. A method for treating a well comprises providing a treatment fluid comprising calcium-aluminate cement, water, and a cement set retarder; and introducing the treatment fluid into a wellbore. A system for treating a well comprises a treatment fluid comprising calcium-aluminate cement, water, and a cement set retarder; a vessel to contain the treatment fluid; a pumping system coupled to the vessel to pump the treatment fluid; and a conduit coupled to the pumping system.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a biomass-derived rheology modifier, comprising: providing a pretreated feedstock comprising cellulose-rich solids; refining the cellulose-rich solids in a first high-intensity refining unit, generating refined cellulose solids; gelling the refined cellulose solids in a second high-intensity refining unit, thereby generating gelled cellulose solids; and homogenizing the gelled cellulose solids in a high-shear homogenizer, thereby generating a biomass-derived rheology modifier. The pretreated feedstock may include kraft pulp, sulfite pulp, AVAP® pulp, soda pulp, mechanical pulp, thermomechanical pulp, and/or chemimechanical pulp, derived from wood or lignocellulosic biomass. The pretreated feedstock may be GP3+® pulp, obtained from steam or hot-water extraction of lignocellulosic biomass. These rheology modifiers may be utilized in a wide variety of applications, including water-based or oil-based hydraulic fracturing fluid formulations, as gelling agents.

Abstract: A date tree fiber mix lost circulation material (LCM) is provided. The date tree fiber mix LCM may include includes date tree trunk fibers produced from date tree trunks and date tree leaf and leaf stem fibers produced from date tree leaves and leaf stems. The LCM include a mix of 30% by weight date tree trunk fibers and 70% date tree leaf and leaf stem fibers, 40% by weight date tree trunk fibers and 60% date tree leaf and leaf stem fibers, 50% by weight date tree trunk fibers and 50% date tree leaf and leaf stem fibers.

Abstract: A date tree fiber mix lost circulation material (LCM) is provided. The date tree fiber mix LCM may include includes date tree trunk fibers produced from date tree trunks and date tree leaf and leaf stem fibers produced from date tree leaves and leaf stems. The LCM include a mix of 30% by weight date tree trunk fibers and 70% date tree leaf and leaf stem fibers, 40% by weight date tree trunk fibers and 60% date tree leaf and leaf stem fibers, 50% by weight date tree trunk fibers and 50% date tree leaf and leaf stem fibers.

Abstract: Reaction products produced by reacting a maleated tall oil fatty acid and/or a maleated soy oil fatty acid with an ethylene amine material are used as clay inhibitors in drilling fluids and in hydraulic fracturing fluids for drilling wells and for fracturing subterranean formations, and are also used as clay inhibitors in other treatment fluids for treating wells or subterranean formations.

Abstract: A method of drilling and completing a wellbore in a subterranean formation comprises circulating an invert oil emulsion fluid in the subterranean formation; the invert oil emulsion fluid comprising an oil phase, an emulsifier, and an internal phase comprising an alcohol other than a polycyclicpolyetherpolyol with molecular weight in excess of 50,000 and a salt dissolved in the alcohol, wherein the alcohol and the salt are selected such that the salt has a solubility in the alcohol of greater than about 3 g/100 ml at 23° C.

Abstract: A sealant is provided which is a curable resin external emulsion having a fluid internal phase comprising a curable material which expands during, after or before it cures. The resin external phase is, for example, an epoxy resin which may shrink as it cures. The internal phase is captured within micelles to provide discrete internal phase portions supported in an out resin matrix.

Abstract: Portland cement clinker LCMs that include Portland cement clinker to mitigate or prevent lost circulation in a well are provided. A Portland cement clinker LCM may include Portland cement clinker, Portland cement, a carrier fluid, and an inorganic consolidation activator. Another Portland cement clinker LCM may include Portland cement clinker and a crosslinked fluid, such as a polyuronide crosslinked via calcium ions or a polysaccharide crosslinked via divinyl sulfone. Yet another Portland cement clinker LCM may include Portland cement clinker and polymer fibers or particulate glass. Methods of lost circulation control using a Portland cement clinker LCM are also provided.

Abstract: A cleanup fluid for reducing a viscosity of a residual viscous material in fractures of a hydrocarbon-bearing formation. The cleanup fluid includes an exothermic reaction component operable to generate heat, where the heat is operable to reduce a viscosity of the residual viscous material to create a reduced viscosity material, the reduced viscosity material operable to flow from the fractures.

Abstract: A cleanup fluid for reducing a viscosity of a residual viscous material in fractures of a hydrocarbon-bearing formation. The cleanup fluid includes an exothermic reaction component operable to generate heat, where the heat is operable to reduce a viscosity of the residual viscous material to create a reduced viscosity material, the reduced viscosity material operable to flow from the fractures.

Abstract: A cleanup fluid for reducing a viscosity of a residual viscous material in fractures of a hydrocarbon-bearing formation. The cleanup fluid includes an exothermic reaction component operable to generate heat, where the heat is operable to reduce a viscosity of the residual viscous material to create a reduced viscosity material, the reduced viscosity material operable to flow from the fractures.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides polymeric systems that are able to undergo fast hydration and are useful for maintaining particle dispersions for extended periods of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions of plant oil-based biodegradable crude oil thinning fluids having a performance especially suitable to reducing crude oil viscosity in extraction and retrieval operations.

Abstract: A variable opacity material is provided that may be in the form of a mixture, such as an emulsion that contains a discontinuous aqueous polymeric solution having an LCST of 0 to 100° C. and a continuous phase containing a hydrophobic polymer, such as a polysiloxane. One or more salts, such as lithium bromide and sodium chloride, may be added to the aqueous solution to lower the LCST of the aqueous solution and to raise the refractive index of the aqueous polymeric solution to substantially match the refractive index of the hydrophobic polymer. The variable opacity materials may be applied in the form of a film to various substrates, such as glass.

Abstract: A layered structure including a photoluminescent layer including a quantum dot polymer composite; a light absorption layer disposed on the photoluminescent layer, the light absorption layer including an absorptive color-filter material; and a silicon containing layer disposed between the photoluminescent layer and the light absorption layer, wherein the quantum dot polymer composite includes a first polymer matrix and a plurality of quantum dots dispersed in the first polymer matrix, and the plurality of quantum dots absorb excitation light and emits light in a longer wavelength than the wavelength of the excited light; and the absorptive color-filter material is dispersed in a second polymer matrix, and the absorptive color-filter material absorbs the excitation light that passes through the photoluminescent layer and transmits the light emitted from the plurality of quantum dots and an electronic device including the same.

Abstract: A nitride phosphor particle dispersion-type sialon ceramic of the present invention includes a matrix formed of a sialon-based compound; and at least one nitride phosphor which is dispersed in the matrix and contains a luminescence center element.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a luminescent particle having an emission maximum wavelength in a long wavelength range of 680 nm or longer and exhibiting a high quantum yield; and a compound having an emission maximum wavelength in a long wavelength range of 680 nm or longer and exhibiting a high quantum yield in the particles. According to the present invention, provided is a luminescent particle containing at least one kind of compound represented by Formula (1) (definitions of substituents in the formula are as set forth in the description) and a particle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid crystalline (LC) medium, to a method of its production and to the use of such LC media in polymer network liquid crystalline (PNLC) light modulation elements operated in the normally transparent mode. Furthermore, the present invention relates to such light modulation elements, as such, to the use of such light modulation elements as light shutters for transparent OLED displays, to the use of such light modulation elements in smart windows, and to a method of production of such light modulation elements according to the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid-crystalline media comprising one or more compounds of formula Q and one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulae T, U and I wherein the occurring groups and parameters have the meaning indicated in claim 1. The present invention further relates to the use of these liquid-crystal media, in particular in components for high-frequency technology, and to components of this type which contain media according to the invention, and to the production and use of these components. The components according to the invention are suitable, in particular, as phase shifters in the microwave and millimetre wave region, for microwave and millimetre wave array antennae and very particularly for so-called tunable “reflectarrays”.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an LC medium comprising and a liquid-crystalline host consisting of an LC component H) comprising one or more mesogenic or liquid-crystalline compounds and an optically active component D) and optionally a polymerizable component P) comprising one or more polymerizable compounds; and to the use of the polymerizable compounds and LC media for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, in particular in LC displays, especially in LC displays of the polymer sustained alignment type.

Abstract: Provided are: a polymerizable liquid crystal composition for obtaining a retardation film that has high front contrast; and a liquid crystal polymer. A polymerizable liquid crystal composition which is characterized by containing a compound represented by formula (1). Exemplified are embodiments wherein in formula (1), W1 represents an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1-5 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms or an alkanoyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms; Z1 represents —CH2CH2COO—; Z2 represents —OCOCH2CH2—; each of Y1 and Y2 represents a linking group; each of Q1 and Q2 represents a spacer; and each of P1 and P2 represents a polymerizable functional group.

Abstract: Provided are a polymerizable compound represented by formula I and a liquid crystal composition formed by combining such a polymerizable compound with a specific liquid crystal component, particularly a PSVA liquid crystal composition for displays or TV applications and a PSA-IPS liquid crystal composition for an IPS mode; in particular, the polymerizable compound has a faster polymerization rate, and a “material system” formed from the selected polymerizable component and liquid crystal component has a low rotary viscosity and good photoelectric properties, and has a high VHR after (UV) photoradiation, this avoiding the problem of the occurrence of residual images to final displays.

Abstract: Provided are a polymerizable compound represented by formula I and a liquid crystal composition comprising the polymerizable compound, particularly a PSVA liquid crystal composition for displays or TV applications and a PSA-IPS liquid crystal composition for an IPS mode; in particular, the polymerizable compound has a faster polymerization rate, and a “material system” formed from the selected polymerizable component and liquid crystal component has a lower rotary viscosity and better photoelectric properties, and has a high VHR after (UV) photoradiation, this avoiding the problem of the occurrence of residual images to final displays.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition formed by combining a polymerizable compound represented by formula I with a specific liquid crystal component, particularly a PSVA liquid crystal composition for displays or TV applications and a PSA-IPS liquid crystal composition for an IPS mode, and a liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display comprising this liquid crystal composition; in particular, the polymerizable compound has a faster polymerization rate, and a “material system” formed from the selected polymerizable component and liquid crystal component should have the lowest rotary viscosity and the best photoelectric properties, and has a high VHR after (UV) photoradiation, this avoiding the problem of the occurrence of residual images to final displays.

Abstract: A negative dielectric anisotropy liquid crystal composition having one or more A-R0—B compounds represented by formula I above as a first component, and one or more compounds represented by formula II above as a second component: The liquid crystal composition has a good stability against light and heat, a lower viscosity, a wider refractive index that may be achieved by adjusting the monomer ratio, and a higher clearing point (a very wide service temperature range). The liquid crystal composition has a higher light transmittance, thus allowing a display device to have a higher brightness or an energy saving effect.

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline media (LC media) containing a low-molecular-weight, non-polymer component, and a combination of self-alignment additives for vertical alignment of two or more of the specified kinds (formulae IA to IM). The combination of two or more self-alignment additives affect homeotropic (vertical) alignment of the LC media at a surface or the cell surfaces of a liquid-crystal display (LC display).

Abstract: A transparent composition comprising polycarbonate and a mixture of flame retardants, wherein the flame retardants are aryl phosphate ester of hydroquinone and tris(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-s-triazine.

Abstract: A process for producing blown asphalt comprising the steps of mixing a heated hydrocarbon stream and a supercritical water in to produce a mixed stream, operating the supercritical water reactor to produce a reactor effluent, reducing the temperature of the reactor effluent in the cooler to produce a cooled effluent, feeding the cooled effluent through a depressurizing device to produce a depressurized stream, separating the depressurized stream in the flash drum to produce a light fraction stream and a heavy fraction stream, the heavy fraction stream contains a maltene fraction, an asphaltene fraction, and water, introducing the heavy fraction stream to a storage tank, withdrawing an oxidizing reactor feed from the storage tank, introducing the oxidizing reactor feed to an oxidation reactor, and operating the oxidation reactor at an oxidation temperature and an oxidation pressure to produce a product effluent that comprises an oxidized asphaltene fraction.

Abstract: Highly efficient and universal biomass conversion methods are described. Methods utilize a base-catalyzed decarboxylation reaction in a conversion process carried out in the presence of excess base to overcome carbonate formation from CO2. Methods can efficiently convert all components of a biomass feedstock to liquid hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide byproduct. The process has several versions: hydrolysis and alcoholysis, etc. The chemical process can be carried out with nearly 100% conversion for any type of biomass feedstock and requires no expensive or complicated pretreatment. The conversion reactions can be carried out at moderate temperatures of 170-300° C. and form a product that can include a mixture of hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons, including alcohols and phenol derivatives.

Abstract: A method for producing a hydrocarbon liquid fuel including hydrocracking a raw material oil in the presence of a hydrocracking catalyst, at a supplying pressure of hydrogen of from 0.1 to 1.0 MPa, a liquid space velocity of liquid volume of the raw material oil of from 0.05 to 10.0 hr?1, and a flow rate of the hydrogen from 50 to 3,000 NL per 1 L of the raw material oil, wherein the hydrocracking catalyst is produced by a method including stirring a sulfur compound and a cracking catalyst in an aqueous medium to allow liquid-solid separation (step 1); stirring a solid product obtained in the step 1 and a metal component in an aqueous medium to allow liquid-solid separation (step 2); baking a solid product obtained in the step 2 (step 3); and reducing a solid product obtained in the step 3, or reducing a solid product obtained in the step 3, and then subjecting a reduced product to sulfurization treatment (step 4).

Abstract: A method and system for producing ketones, suitable for manufacture of base oil or diesel fuel components, from a feedstock of biological origin containing fatty acids and/or fatty acid derivatives, and being at least partly in liquid form, by subjecting the feedstock to a catalytic ketonisation reaction, wherein the ketonisation reaction is carried out in a system having one or more ketonisation reactor(s) (A?, B?) each with at least one ketonisation catalyst bed (G?). The method and system for producing ketones use a gas containing CO2 produced in the ketonisation reactors as a carrier gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus that is part of a reusable fuel processing unit that allows the absorption of char contained within vapor that is leaving the reactor including a gear box, gearbox housing, support flange and seal, exhaust housing, exhaust port, connecting flange, screw top split housing, vertical steal housing, three augers with drive shafts on each auger contained within the steel housing, discharge flange, support ring, expansion cart, and cam followers.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for reducing fouling caused by process water present within a water recycling loop of a pyrolysis plant. Fouling is caused by phase separation and accumulation of materials from the process water on equipment surfaces. The method includes applying a total of about 5 ppm to 500 ppm total of a first polymerization inhibitor and second polymerization inhibitor to the process water to form a treated process water, wherein the first polymerization inhibitor has a pygas-water partition coefficient of about 0.0001 to 9 and the second polymerization inhibitor has a pygas-water partition coefficient of about 1000 to 50,000.

Abstract: Systems, methods and compositions for reducing the heteroatom content of hydrocarbon feed using transition metal complexes and adsorption techniques. The transition metal complexes include titanyl, hafnyl and zirconyl complexes activated using one or more hydroperoxides or peracids. The activated adsorbents are incorporated into one or more vessels as an adsorption bed for adsorbing the heteroatoms present in hydrocarbon feeds. The systems, methods and compositions separate the heteroatoms passed through the system by contacting the adsorption compositions with the heteroatoms of the hydrocarbon feed, adsorbing the heteroatom to the adsorption material, further allowing for the retrieval of a hydrocarbon product having a reduced heteroatom content.

Abstract: A method for treating an emulsion emanating from a quenching process in production of ethylene that includes online monitoring of zeta potential of the hydrocarbon/water emulsion in a quench water tower and/or a quench water loop. In response to the online monitoring of zeta potential, the method changes the amount of demulsifier being added to the hydrocarbon/water emulsion such that the amount of demulsifier is effective in breaking the emulsion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrotreating catalyst comprising at least one group VIB metal, at least one group VIII metal and an alumina support having a gamma alumina content greater than 50% by weight and less than 100% by weight with respect to the weight of the support, said support having a specific surface area comprised between 25 and 150 m2/g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Delayed Coking of heavy petroleum residue producing petroleum coke and lighter hydrocarbon products. The invented process utilizes a pre-cracking reactor for mild thermal cracking of the feedstock and intermediate multistage separation system before being subjected to higher severity thermal cracking in delayed coking process, resulting in reduction in overall coke yield.

Abstract: A method for refining fuel oil comprises subjecting fuel oil to an extraction treatment with an extraction agent to extract a light component from the fuel oil, so as to obtain a light oil mixture containing the light component of the fuel oil and the extraction agent. The extraction agent is selected from the group consisting of a matter composed of oil and miscible with the light component of the fuel oil, a non-polar compound in a gaseous state at the room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and a combination thereof. The extraction agent is in a liquid state during the extraction treatment.

Abstract: A fuel processing system and method for a sulfur bearing fuel include a hydrodesulfurization reactor followed by an adsorbent bed for removing sulfur or sulfur containing species from the fuel. In certain embodiments, the adsorbent bed is a ZnO bed. In another embodiment, a fuel processing system and method for a sulfur bearing fuel include a steam reformer, a hydrodesulfurization reactor, and an adsorbent bed.

Abstract: A method for hydrotreatment of a vacuum-distillate-type hydrocarbon feedstock that contains sulfur and nitrogen compounds is described, with said method for hydrotreatment of a vacuum-distillate-type feedstock comprising a specific concatenation of catalysts that makes it possible to increase the overall activity and the overall stability of the method.

Abstract: A method of removing material that fouls processing equipment that includes applying a composition comprising N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) to fouling material deposited on the processing equipment to solubilize and remove the fouling material from the processing equipment.

Abstract: A hybrid plasma reactor system that uses multiple sets of long electrodes that are placed longitudinally opposite each other within modular plasma units. The plasma units can be stacked to form an elongated plasma zone. The electrode assemblies extend into access ports. Each of the electrode assemblies has an electrode tip mounted in a tubular support jacket. A gas conduit for a supplied working gas surrounds at least a portion of the tubular support jacket. An arc is created at the electrode tip. A working gas flows through the gas conduit and is directed into the arc, therein creating plasma within the internal plasma zone.

Abstract: Diesel fuel compositions are provided that have unexpectedly beneficial cold flow properties. Methods for forming such diesel fuel compositions are also provided. The improved cold flow properties are achieved in part based on dewaxing of a distillate fraction of the composition. The improved cold flow properties are achieved further in part based on inclusion of a cold flow additive and fatty acid alkyl ester in the composition, such as fatty acid methyl ester.

Abstract: Methods for making marine fuel oil compositions and/or marine gas oil compositions are provided. The fuel oil compositions can include a distillate fraction having a sulfur content of 0.40 wt % or more and a resid fraction having a sulfur content of 0.35 wt % or less. The distillate fraction can also have a suitable content of aromatics and/or suitable combined content of aromatics and naphthenes. The distillate fraction, optionally blended with a low sulfur distillate fraction, can be used as a gas oil fuel or fuel blending component. Using a distillate fraction with an elevated sulfur content and aromatics content as a blend component for forming a fuel oil can result in a marine fuel oil with improved compatibility for blending with other conventional marine fuel oil fractions.

Abstract: Provided is a composite additive for fuel capable of significantly delaying a phase separation phenomenon even in poor environmental conditions such as high humidity, low temperature, storage for a long period of time, and the like, preventing freezing in winter due to a lower freezing point, and having an excellent cleaning effect on impurities fixedly adhered in an engine. Further, the composite additive for fuel may prevent fuel from being used for purposes other than as a fuel, for example, as a drink, and avoid causing fatal problems.

Abstract: A fuel is described comprising a material containing cellulose or hemicellulose as well as of fats and/or oils stemming from secondary or cascade utilization or containing these, wherein the fats and oils are obtained by processing waste and recycling materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for reduction of energy consumption during the pretreatment of biomass.

Abstract: A hydrophilic copolymer that can form a surface lubricious layer exhibiting superior lubricating property and durability (lubrication retaining property), is provided. A hydrophilic copolymer having a good solvent solubility is provided. A hydrophilic copolymer is provided containing: structural units derived from a polymerizable monomer (A) having a sulfobetaine structure; structural units derived from a polymerizable monomer (B) having at least one group selected from the group consisting of a sulfonic acid group (—SO3H), a sulfuric acid group (—OSO3H), a sulfurous acid group (—OSO2H), and groups of salts thereof; and structural units derived from a polymerizable monomer (C) having a photoreactive group.

Abstract: A sulfonate-based grease composition and method of manufacture comprising (1) addition of both overbased calcium sulfonate and overbased magnesium sulfonate in a ratio range of 60:40 to 100:1, with the magnesium sulfonate added all at once, a portion prior to conversion and another portion after conversion, and/or one more delay periods between the addition of water or other reactive ingredient and the addition of magnesium sulfonate; (2) one or more delay periods between the addition of at least a portion of a facilitating acid and at least a portion of the next subsequently added ingredient; (3) no conventional non-aqueous converting agents added prior to conversion; or (4) a combination thereof. The grease has a high dropping point and reduced thickener yield.

Abstract: The disclosed technology provides a lubricating composition and a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine where the lubricating composition contains an oil of lubricating viscosity, one or more metal-containing, sulfur-free, alkyl-phenol based detergents, an alkaline earth metal sulfonate detergent, a polyisobutenyl succinimide dispersant, and a dispersant viscosity modifier having a number average molecular weight of at least 20,000. The lubricating composition of the present invention can be formulated to have lower HTHS viscosity, and reduced phosphorous content, while providing protection against adhesive wear.