Abstract: A process kit for use in a deposition chamber comprises a parent part and a disposable insert. The parent part receives the disposable insert to form a complete process kit. The disposable insert prevents the contact of any surface of the parent part to a deposited thin film A portion of an inner surface of the disposable insert comprises a plurality of recesses where the density of the plurality of recesses is proportional to the amount of the deposited thin film that accumulates on the portion of an inner surface when in use.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a display apparatus includes: a chamber; a head unit configured to supply a process gas and a cleaning gas to an inside of the chamber; which has a storage space where the process gas or the cleaning gas is temporarily stored, and including a nozzle connected to the storage space and configured to guide the process gas or the cleaning gas from the storage space to the inside of the chamber; a susceptor unit arranged to face the head unit and on which a substrate is placeable; a cleaning gas supply unit connected to the head unit and configured to plasmarize the cleaning gas and supply the cleaning gas that is plasmarized to the head unit; and a cleaning gas ejection unit connected to the cleaning gas supply unit and configured to supply the cleaning gas to at least two portions of the storage space.

Abstract: A system and a corresponding method for simultaneous rotation and levitation of a substrate during deposition and/or etching of the substrate are disclosed. The system comprises a carrier located below the substrate, wherein the carrier comprises at least two gas inlets to provide gas to a bottom surface of the substrate to levitate the substrate above the carrier. The system further comprises at least one holding member connected to the carrier and being configured to restrict horizontal drifting of the substrate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a gas diffusion device and a film-forming apparatus. The gas diffusion device includes a cover plate, a first diffusion part and a second diffusion part. The first diffusion part cooperates with the cover plate to define a first diffusion space and a gas inlet that communicates with the first diffusion space. The second diffusion part cooperates with the cover plate to define a second diffusion space and a gas outlet that communicates with the second diffusion space. The second diffusion space communicates with the first diffusion space. In a direction from the gas inlet to the gas outlet, a gas between the first diffusion part and the cover plate decreases in height gradually, and a gap between the second diffusion part and the cover plate increases in height gradually at first and then decreases in height gradually.

Abstract: An atomic layer deposition apparatus includes: a film-forming container 11 in which a film-forming process is performed; a vertically movable stage 14 provided in the film-forming container 11 and being configured to hold a substrate 100; a stage stopper 17 configured to stop rising of the stage 14 and, when in contact with the stage 14, partitioning a film-forming space S in which the film-forming process is performed and a transporting space in which transport of the substrate 100 is performed; a peripheral stage deposition prevention member 15 covering a peripheral portion of the stage 14; and a stage stopper deposition prevention member 24 provided on the stage stopper 17.

Abstract: There is provided a technique that includes: a process chamber accommodating substrate; a storage tank including bottom portion having recess and wall portion and storing liquid precursor; a vaporizing part vaporizing the stored liquid precursor to generate precursor gas; a supply part supplying the generated precursor gas to the process chamber; a sensor disposed in the recess and detecting liquid level of the stored liquid precursor; a replenishment part replenishing the liquid precursor in the storage tank; and a controller controlling the supply part to supply the precursor gas to the process chamber to perform a substrate processing process for processing the substrate, and controlling, each time when the substrate processing process is performed a predetermined number of times, the replenishment part, based on the detected liquid level, to replenish the liquid precursor in the storage tank so that the liquid level becomes a predetermined level.

Abstract: A shower plate for a plasma deposition apparatus, the shower plate including: a plurality of apertures each extending from a rear surface of the shower plate to a front surface for passing a carrier gas therethrough in this direction to a chamber, a plurality of first apertures each extending from a first connecting aperture to an inner part of the front surface for passing gas therethrough in this direction to the chamber, and a plurality of second apertures each extending from a second connecting aperture to an outer part of the front surface for passing gas therethrough in this direction to the chamber, wherein the first connecting aperture connects the first apertures to at least one first aperture extending from a sidewall side of the shower plate and the second connecting aperture connects the second apertures to at least one second aperture extending from the sidewall side.

Abstract: A deposition apparatus for processing substrates includes a vacuum chamber including a processing zone in which a substrate may be processed. A showerhead assembly includes a stem, face plate and back plate wherein the stem is rotary friction welded to the back plate. A substrate pedestal assembly is configured to support a substrate on an upper surface thereof when a substrate is processed in the deposition apparatus.

Abstract: A PECVD equipment includes: a process chamber, a sample transfer passage and a vacuum valve. The process chamber is formed, in a wall thereof, with a sample inlet communicated with the process chamber, and the process chamber is provided therein with a first plate electrode and a second plate electrode that are opposite to each other. The sample transfer passage is communicated with the sample inlet so that a sample is transferred from the sample transfer passage to the process chamber through the sample inlet. The vacuum valve is detachably provided at the sample transfer passage and includes a first flat valve gate. The vacuum valve is configured so that, when the PECVD equipment is in an operating state, the first flat valve gate is moved to a position, that is closer to the sample inlet, in the sample transfer passage to seal the sample inlet.

Abstract: A system and method for fabricating a perovskite film is provided, the system including a substrate stage configured to rotate around its central axis at a rotation speed, a first set of evaporation units, each coupled to the side section or the bottom section of the chamber, a second set of evaporation units coupled to the bottom section, and a shield defining two or more zones having respective horizontal cross-sectional areas, which are open and facing the substrate, designated for the two or more evaporation units in the second set. The resultant perovskite film includes multiple unit layers, wherein each unit layer is formed by one rotation of the substrate stage, and the composition and thickness of the unit layer are controlled by adjusting at least the evaporation rates, the rotation speed and the horizontal cross-sectional areas.

Abstract: Provided herein is a nanoscale material assembly made up of a plurality of nanoscale structures with a crosslinked polymer thermally deposited on the structures. Also disclosed are methods for preparing the nanoscale material assembly with a deposited crosslinked polymer. Further disclosed are various conditions and materials that when used in the preparation of the nanoscale material assemblies further enhance their mechanical properties. In some embodiments, the nanoscale material assemblies can be either nanoscale yarn assemblies or nanoscale sheet assemblies.

Abstract: A method for forming a metal active component in a hybrid material is provided. The method includes applying a metal precursor formulation on a substrate; and exposing the metal precursor formulation applied on the substrate to a low-energy plasma, wherein the low-energy plasma is operated according to a set of exposure parameters.

Abstract: A surface treated steel strip according to the present invention includes: a base steel sheet; a zinc phosphate coating film layer made of needle zinc phosphate crystals which are formed in an island shape on a surface of the base steel sheet; and a lubricating coating film layer covering the surface of the base steel sheet and a part of the zinc phosphate coating film layer, and containing at least a lubricating component, in which an area ratio of the zinc phosphate crystals exposed from a surface of the lubricating coating film layer is 25% to 90%.

Abstract: A process for coating a gas turbine blade with an abrasive. The process includes positioning the gas turbine blade in a nest, the gas turbine blade comprising a tip having a top surface; prepositioning a metal powder material on the top surface; fusing the metal powder material to the top surface by use of a laser to form a base layer on the top surface; prepositioning an abrasive composite material on the base layer opposite the top surface; fusing the abrasive composite material to the base layer by use of the laser to form an abrasive coating on the base layer; and removing the gas turbine blade from the nest.

Abstract: An etchant for simultaneously etching NiFe and AlN with approximately equal etch rates that comprises phosphoric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid and deionized water. Alternating layers of NiFe and AlN may be used to form a magnetic core of a fluxgate magnetometer in an integrated circuit. The wet etch provides a good etch rate of the alternating layers with good dimensional control and with a good resulting magnetic core profile. The alternating layers of NiFe and AlN may be encapsulated with a stress relief layer. A resist pattern may be used to define the magnetic core geometry. The overetch time of the wet etch may be controlled so that the magnetic core pattern extends at least 1.5 um beyond the base of the magnetic core post etch. The photo mask used to form the resist pattern may also be used to form a stress relief etch pattern.

Abstract: A cathodic protection system for use with a wood veneer dryer is provided. The system includes a DC power supply and an anode mounted inside the dryer in a position to be electrolytically coupled to metallic structures or surfaces inside the dryer when an electrolytic medium is present inside the dryer. The electrolytic medium comprises a high-humidity atmosphere. A method for reducing the corrosion of metallic structures or surfaces inside the dryer is further provided. The method comprises mounting an anode inside the dryer in a position to be electrolytically coupled to the metallic structures or surfaces inside the dryer when an electrolytic medium is present. Wood veneer is conveyed through the dryer and heated to a temperature sufficient to produce a high-humidity atmosphere inside the dryer. A controlled amount of current is supplied by the DC power supply to electrolytically couple the anode to the metallic structures or surfaces.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing metal chloride MIClx from metal MI without the use of HCl and/or Cl2 gases, including: a bath vessel holding conductive fluid; an anode disposed in the conductive fluid, the anode including metal MI; a cathode assembly disposed in the conductive fluid, the cathode assembly including a cathode vessel including porous and non-porous portions, the non-porous portion holding sacrificial metal chloride MIICly substantially separate from metal chloride MIClx, wherein the cathode assembly includes a center lead disposed within the cathode vessel operable for delivering charge to sacrificial metal chloride MIICly; and a power supply coupling the anode and the cathode assembly, the power supply polarized to produce current flow in a direction that causes anodic dissolution of metal MI into the conductive fluid and deposition of metal MII within the cathode vessel. The systems and methods apply equally to producing metal halide MIXx.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to nanocomposites of CuO/Cu2O and continuous flow solar reactors. The nanocomposites can be utilized as a photocatalyst and can be incorporated into photoelectrochemical devices. The described devices, systems, and methods can be used for converting CO2 into one or more alcohols and other small organics with the use of solar energy and electricity. Other embodiments are described.

Abstract: Methods for introducing foreign nucleic acids into cells, such as by performing transfection/transduction, using acoustic processes are disclosed herein. The foreign DNA/RNA and the cells are co-located in a multi-dimensional acoustic standing wave, or are co-located by acoustic streaming.

Abstract: An electrocatalytic device for carbon dioxide conversion includes an electrochemical stack comprising a series of cells with a cathode with a Catalytically Active Element metal in the form of supported or unsupported particles or flakes with an average size between 0.6 nm and 100 nm. The reaction products comprise at least one of CO, HCO?, H2CO, (HCOO)?, HCOOH, CH3OH, CH4, C2H4, CH3CH2OH, CH3COO?, CH3COOH, C2H6, (COOH)2, (COO?)2, and CF3COOH.

Abstract: Provided is an electrode for electrolysis and a preparation method of the same. The electrode for electrolysis has an improved needle-like structure of a rare earth metal compared to conventional electrodes, and thus detachment of catalytic materials is reduced, so that the electrode is excellent in durability such as exhibiting stable performance even in a reverse current flow. Further, since the electrode for electrolysis has a low overvoltage value, an overvoltage required amount of the electrolytic cell can be remarkably reduced. In addition, an electrode for electrolysis having the above effect can be prepared without introducing additional precursors or changing manufacturing facilities.

Abstract: Various embodiments may include a method for making a gas separator for use in electrochemical conversion processes comprising: mixing an inorganic fiber into a solution to form a casting suspension, wherein the solution comprises an organic binding material as a solute and a solvent for the solute; spreading the casting suspension on an inert surface to form a sheet; and extracting the solvent from the sheet to form the gas separator.

Abstract: Surface treated copper foils for use in high speed circuits on the order of 100 MHz or greater contain a reverse treated layer of copper nodules on the drum side of the electrolytically deposited copper foil to form a lamination side to be laminated to a dielectric material to form a copper clad laminate. Methods of forming the surface treated copper foil, and printed circuit boards (PCB) from the copper clad laminates are also described. The surface treated copper foils, copper clad laminates and PCBs can be incorporated into various electronic devices in which high speed signals are employed, including personal computers, mobile communications, including cellular telephones and wearables, self-driving vehicles, including cars and trucks, and aviation devices, including manned and unmanned vehicles, including airplanes, drones, missiles and space equipment including satellites, spacecraft, space stations and extra-terrestrial habitats and vehicles.

Abstract: A method for high rate assembly of nanoelements into two-dimensional void patterns on a non-conductive substrate surface utilizes an applied electric field to stabilize against forces resulting from pulling the substrate through the surface of a nanoelement suspension. The electric field contours emanating from a conductive layer in the substrate, covered by an insulating layer, are modified by a patterned photoresist layer, resulting in an increased driving force for nanoelements to migrate from a liquid suspension to voids on a patterned substrate having a non-conductive surface. The method can be used for the production of microscale and nanoscale circuits, sensors, and other electronic devices.

Abstract: A method of plating a substrate, such as a wafer, by applying a voltage between the substrate and an anode is disclosed. The plating method includes: preparing a substrate having a recess formed in a surface thereof, a conductive layer being formed in at least a part of the recess; placing an insoluble anode and the substrate in contact with a copper sulfate plating solution containing an additive; applying a predetermined plating voltage between the substrate and the insoluble anode by a plating power source to plate the substrate; and shutting off a reverse electric current, which flows from the insoluble anode to the substrate via the plating power source, by a diode disposed between the insoluble anode and the substrate when the predetermined plating voltage is not applied.

Abstract: A feed assembly supplies polysilicon to a growth chamber for growing a crystal ingot from a melt. An example system includes a housing having support rails for receiving one of a granular tray and a chunk tray and a feed material reservoir positioned above the support rails to selectively feed one of either the granular tray or the chunk tray. A valve mechanism and pulse vibrator are also disclosed.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a crucible contains iridium or platinum as a main ingredient, and includes a bottom part and a tubular part. The tubular part includes a plurality of segments and an annular first thick part at a position at which the segments are adjacent to each other. In another embodiment, a crucible contains iridium or platinum as a main ingredient, and includes a bottom part and a tubular part. The tubular part includes a plurality of segments and an annular first welded part at a position at which the segments are adjacent to each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a temperature control device for growing a single crystal ingot capable of accurately measuring a temperature of a silicon melt and quickly controlling to a target temperature during an ingot growing process, and a temperature control method applied thereto.

Abstract: A silicon carbide single crystal manufacturing device comprises a furnace, a crucible disposed in the furnace, and a seed crystal holder capable of mounting seed crystals. The seed crystal holder is disposed at an upper portion of the crucible, and the seed crystal holder is capable of rotating and lifting up and down. Inside the furnace is further disposed with a furnace heater capable of heating the furnace to form an ambient first temperature gradient in the furnace. A heater-cooler device capable of acting on silicon carbide single crystals is disposed outside the seed crystal holder. The silicon carbide single crystal manufacturing device is capable of growing silicon carbide single crystals at a high speed while ensuring the high quality of the silicon carbide single crystals, thereby realizing large-diameter growth of the silicon carbide single crystals and reducing the loss in post-machining process.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for synthesizing synthetic CVD diamond material and high quality synthetic CVD diamond materials.

Abstract: Heterocrystals of metal dichalcogenides and Bi2S3, Bi2Se3 or Bi2Te3 are presented, in which the metal dichalcogenides and Bi2S3, Bi2Se3 or Bi2Te3 do not largely retain their independent properties. These heterocrystals exhibit electronic and optical changes, which make them attractive for beyond-silicon electronics and optoelectronics. Particularly, these heterocrystals can be re-configured in a manner that allows bit writing and pattern drawing. Embodiments of these heterocrystals, methods of forming these heterocrystals, methods of reconfiguring the heterocrystals, information storage devices, optoelectronic circuits and photonic crystals are presented.

Abstract: A method and system for designing an integrated circuit layout are disclosed. In one embodiment, the method includes generating a stem cell library with stem cell layouts, wherein each stem cell layout includes an analog core area where a device element resides, and abutment boundaries on left, right, top, and bottom sides of the analog core area. The method also includes mapping device elements in a schematic netlist to the stem cell layouts in the stem cell library. In addition, the method includes placing and routing the mapped device elements to optimize a layout for the schematic netlist.

Abstract: A fiber includes an elongated member and refractive index contrast domains dispersed within the elongated member. The elongated member includes at least one polymer having a transmittance of infrared radiation at a wavelength of 9.5??? of at least about 40%.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of fiber spinning and polymer fibers that utilize multifunctional thiol and enes compounds. Also, the subject matter disclosed herein relates to uses of polymer fibers and articles prepared from such fibers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises mixing glass fiber, graphene slurry, UHMWPE powder and white oil, and then swelling to a molten state, then cooling into a gel-spun, and finally making the fiber from the gel-spun. The method of the present disclosure not only can solve the problem that the glass fiber has poor dispersibility in the case of high viscoelasticity of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, but also can improve the cut resistance of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber on the basis of ensuring the flexibility of the yarn.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for preparing a lignin/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fiber and for preparing a lignin/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber. The methods can comprise adding a dope of lignin and PVA or a dope of lignin and PAN to a coagulation bath containing a solvent comprising one or more components, wherein the one or more components are present in the solvent in concentrations based on the hydrogen bonding character (fH) of the solvent, the polar character (fP) of the solvent, and the dispersive character (fD) of the solvent; and gel-spinning a lignin/PVA fiber or a lignin/PAN fiber from the coagulation bath.

Abstract: A method for controlling a display on a spinning machine or winder having a plurality of same-kind workstations and a plurality of displays includes assigning one of the displays to at least two of the workstations, wherein each display includes a display area. During normal operation of the workstations, information regarding the individual workstations assigned to the particular display is simultaneously displayed in respective subareas of the display area. When required by changed operating states at the work stations, a surface area of the subareas is changed to display information regarding at least one of the workstations on a larger subarea. An associated spinning machine or winder is also provided.

Abstract: A method is provided for operating a spinning machine or winder that includes a plurality of same-kind workstations and a plurality of input terminals situated with the workstations. The method includes at least intermittently configuring at least one of the input terminals as a master terminal. Commands are entered for operation of all or a group of the workstations via the master terminal. Designation of the master terminal is changed to one or more different ones of the input terminals at different points in time. A spinning machine or winder that practices the method is also provided.

Abstract: A protective textile sleeve for routing and protecting elongate members against impact and method of constructed thereof are provided. The sleeve includes a plurality of yarns interlaced with one another, with the interlaced yarns forming an elongate, circumferentially continuous, tubular wall extending lengthwise along a longitudinal axis between opposite open ends. At least some of the plurality of yarns include tubular yarn having a central cavity extending along the length of the tubular yarn, thereby providing an impact resistant, dual layered wall to the tubular yarn. The sleeve can be constructed in a weaving, braiding or knitting process, wherein the tubular yarn can be interlaced as a woven yarn, braided yarn, or knit yarn, and further, the tubular yarn can be interlaced as an inserted yarn.

Abstract: A planar, flexible textile element that is suitable in particular as a baby sling, made of at least 90% natural fibers and/or fibers produced from natural fibers, and having a mesh structure.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing insulating products based on mineral wool includes applying, on mineral wool fibers, a binding composition containing (a) at least one carbohydrate selected from reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, hydrogenated sugars, and a mixture thereof, and (b) at least one crosslinking agent for crosslinking the carbohydrate(s). The process also includes evaporating the solvent phase of the binding composition and thermal curing the non-volatile fraction of the composition. Further, added to the binding composition, preferably immediately before the application thereof on the mineral wool fibers, is an oil-in-water emulsion including water, a mineral oil, at least one nonionic surfactant and a water-soluble polysaccharide. The mean diameter of the oil droplets of the stable oil-in-water emulsion, determined by laser diffraction particle size analysis, is greater than 5 ?m.

Abstract: One object of the present invention is to provide a metal fiber nonwoven fabric having high homogeneity, and the present invention provides a metal fiber nonwoven fabric in which metal fibers are bonded to each other having a coefficient of variation (CV value) of a basis weight in accordance with JIS Z 8101 (ISO 3534: 2006) per 1 cm2 of 10% or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mineral wool product comprising mineral fibres bound by a cured binder wherein the binder in its uncured state comprises at least one protein, and at least one enzyme.

Abstract: A method of making a dispersible wet wipe includes providing a web of cellulosic fibers. In one embodiment, a first binder is applied to a web surface in a coating that comprises randomly distributed deposits of the first binder. A second binder is applied an intermittent pattern on the web surface to define first regions on the first surface that include first binder but no second binder and to define second regions on the first surface that include both first binder and second binder. In a second embodiment, a first binder is applied to a web surface in a first pattern, and, after applying the first binder, a second binder is applied to the web surface in a second pattern that is different than the first pattern. In a third embodiment, a binder is applied to a web surface in a pattern, the pattern having first regions and second regions, wherein the add-on level of the binder in the first regions is lower than the add-on level of the binder in the second regions.

Abstract: A multi-needle threader for use in weaving hair extensions. The threader has an “L” shaped body for holding at least one spool of thread in proximity to a plurality of needles held in pin cushions. The needles and pin cushions are positioned on the threader such that the needles can be threaded in a sequence or order continuously one needle to another until all are pre-threaded for use and then the needles can be used in reverse order without unthreading any unused needles.

Abstract: A laundry treatment machine includes: a cabinet which forms an outer shape and has an input port through which laundry is input; a tub which is disposed inside the cabinet and stores washing water; a drum which is rotatably disposed inside the tub; a microphone assembly in which a plurality of microphones for speech recognition are spaced apart; a door which opens and closes the input port, and has an inner front surface, on which the microphone assembly is disposed, to which the microphone assembly is closely attached, that comprises a microphone hole, which communicates with the outside, formed in each portion where the plurality of microphones are disposed, so that it is possible to eliminate a space where the sound leakage occurs between the microphone assembly and the door.

Abstract: A laundry treating appliance and a method operating a laundry treating appliance having a dye sensor configured to output a signal indicative of the amount of dye within liquid in the treating chamber, a controller having a memory in which is stored a set of executable instructions including at least one user-selectable cycle of operation, and a user interface operably coupled with the controller and providing an input and output function for the controller and provide information related to a dye release.

Abstract: A laundry washing machine and method implement dynamic damping force optimization during a wash cycle to optimize a force-generating operation such as a spin operation performed during the wash cycle. The dynamic damping force optimization may utilize inputs from a suspension force sensor in combination with an accelerometer to dynamically determine a damping capability for a suspension of a laundry washing machine such that damping in the suspension system may be maintained within the damping capability of the suspension system to balance operation performance against the generation of undesirable forces and vibrations.

Abstract: A laundry washing machine and method automate the selection of a load type for a laundry washing machine during an initial fill phase of a wash cycle and based in part on weight and fluid level sensed by weight and fluid level sensors operatively coupled to a wash tub and after a selected amount of water has been dispensed into the wash tub.

Abstract: A laundry washing machine and method may use a distance sensor to determine dry and wet distance values associated with a load disposed in a wash tub, and dynamically configure a wash cycle based upon the determined values. In some instances, the distance sensor may also be used to detect an excessive fluid level, excessive foaming, or a floating item in the wash tub.