Abstract: Provided here are zirconium-substituted hierarchical zeolite compositions and methods of preparing such catalytic compositions. One such method involves subjecting the zirconium-substituted zeolite to a framework modification process using a single template to produce a framework-modified zeolite, followed by subjecting the framework-modified zeolite to an ion exchange process to produce a hierarchical zeolite composition. Also provided are methods of catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feedstocks using these zirconium-substituted hierarchical zeolite compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst system for olefin metathesis, the catalyst system comprising: a) a first system zone substantially comprising a layered double hydroxide; and b) a second system zone comprising a metathesis catalyst.

Abstract: In a state where an operator performs operation using a safety cabinet while confirming standard operating procedures and sample data, a display device such as a monitor screen provided in the safety cabinet is arranged at a position that is not subject to effects of deterioration due to diffused reflection of light from a fluorescent lamp or sterilization lamp irradiation, and that does not generate resistance in an airflow path, while also protecting the display device from decontamination operation and preventing dirt from being adhered to a portion related to display.

Abstract: A pipette comprising a cylinder with a piston movable inside the cylinder for aspiring and dispensing liquid, and a handle portion for gripping the pipette, wherein the pipette further comprises an imaging device element for obtaining images that assist the use of the pipette.

Abstract: An assembly (3) for an ergonomic sampling pipette including a control rod (10) at the end of which is arranged a control button (12) for controlling the movement of the control rod (10) along a longitudinal axis (18) thereof, the button (12) having a pressure surface (11) for receiving the thumb of an operator. The pressure surface (11) of the control button (12) is movable such as to be able, during operation, to assume multiple angles relative to the longitudinal axis (28) of the control rod (10).

Abstract: A mechanical separator for separating a fluid sample into first and second phases is disclosed. The mechanical separator includes a float having a passageway extending between first and second ends thereof with a pierceable head enclosing the first end of the float, a ballast longitudinally moveable with respect to the float, and a bellows extending between a portion of the float and a portion of the ballast. The bellows is adapted for deformation upon longitudinal movement of the float and the ballast, with the bellows isolated from the pierceable head. The float has a first density and the ballast has a second density greater than the first density. The bellows is structured for sealing engagement with a cylindrical wall of a tube, and the pierceable head is structured for application of a puncture tip therethrough. The separation device is suitable for use with a standard medical collection tube.

Abstract: An integrated device for a sample collection and transfer is provided. The integrated device comprises a capillary channel disposed between a first layer and a second layer, wherein the first layer comprises a hydrophilic layer comprising a fluid inlet for receiving a sample fluid to the capillary channel, wherein the capillary channel comprises an inner surface and an outer surface and an outlet for driving out the sample fluid. The device further comprises an interface assembly comprising: a third layer, a fourth layer, a fifth layer, and a flow path. The interface assembly is disposed on the outer surface of the capillary, at a determining position relative to the outlet, such that the capillary is in contact with the third layer of the interface assembly and the outlet is in contact with the flow path of the interface assembly for driving out the sample fluid from the integrated device.

Abstract: A device for monitoring fluid media, and methods of manufacture thereof are disclosed. The monitoring device may be implemented as a single monolithic unit made from a certain type of material without a separate packaging, and having a base element comprising at least one fluid port and at least one cavity or fluid flow path fluidly coupled to the at least one fluid port for enabling fluid exchange of fluid media therewith. The device comprises at least one sensing element associated with the cavity or fluid flow path and configured and operable for measuring at least one property or condition of fluid media introduced thereinto, and generate measurement data or signals indicative thereof. Electrical contacts disposed on the base element of the device, and electrically coupled to the at least one sensing element are used for establishing electrical connection with the at least one sensing element.

Abstract: A microfluidic device can include a base an outer surface of which forms one or more enclosures for containing a fluidic medium. The base can include an array of individually controllable transistor structures each of which can comprise both a lateral transistor and a vertical transistor. The transistor structures can be light activated, and the lateral and vertical transistors can thus be photo transistors. Each transistor structure can be activated to create a temporary electrical connection from a region of the outer surface of the base (and thus fluidic medium in the enclosure) to a common electrical conductor. The temporary electrical connection can induce a localized electrokinetic force generally at the region, which can be sufficiently strong to move a nearby micro-object in the enclosure.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods and apparatuses for sorting target particles. In various embodiments, the disclosure provides a cassette for sorting target particles, methods for sorting target particles, methods of loading a microchannel for maintaining sample material viability, methods of quantifying sample material, and an optical apparatus for laser scanning and particle sorting.

Abstract: A planar micro-reagent cartridge comprises a base layer having a fluid receiving cavity formed in a top surface thereof and a fluid disposed within the cavity, and intermediate layer and a top layer. The intermediate membrane layer is bonded to the base layer to seal the fluid receiving cavity and form a fluid reservoir pump chamber. The intermediate layer comprises a resiliently deformable flexible region that overlies the fluid receiving cavity and is configured to be depressed in response to application of pressure, and a rupturable valve region that overlies the fluid receiving cavity. A top layer is bonded to the intermediate layer, the top layer having an opening that exposes the deformable flexible region of the intermediate membrane layer and at least one channel that together with the intermediate membrane layer forms a fluid conduit having an inlet in fluid communication with the rupturable valve region of the intermediate layer.

Abstract: A transport device comprises: a fluid cell comprising parallel substrates; an anisotropic electrolyte disposed in the fluid cell; and electrodes configured to apply an AC electric field to the anisotropic electrolyte disposed in the fluid cell. A substrate of the fluid cell includes a pattern that induces a director distortion pattern in the anisotropic electrolyte disposed in the fluid cell. The director distortion pattern has a gradient configured to induce electrokinetic flow of the anisotropic electrolyte in the fluid cell in response to the AC electric field applied by the electrodes. Cargo, such as particles, gas bubbles, or fluid, is dispersed in the anisotropic electrolyte and transported in the fluid cell by the induced electrokinetic flow of the anisotropic electrolyte. The induced electrokinetic flow may be linear, curvilinear, circular so as to induce mixing, depending on the predesigned director pattern.

Abstract: A fluidic module rotatable about a center of rotation includes a first compression chamber having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, a second compression chamber having a fluid inlet, a first fluid channel connected to the first chamber via the fluid inlet of the first chamber, and a second fluid channel connecting the fluid outlet of the first chamber to the fluid inlet of the second chamber. Due to rotation of the fluidic module a liquid may be centrifugally driven into the first chamber and the second fluid channel through the first fluid channel, and thereby a compressible medium may be entrapped and compressed within the second chamber. By lowering the rotary frequency and due to the resultant expansion of the compressible medium, liquid may be driven out of the second fluid channel into the first chamber, out of the first chamber into and through an outlet channel.

Abstract: A microfluidic exosome profiling platform integrating exosome isolation and targeted proteomic analysis is disclosed. This platform is capable of quantitative exosomal biomarker profiling directly from plasma samples with markedly enhanced sensitivity and specificity. Identification of distinct subpopulation of patient-derived exosomes is demonstrated by probing surface proteins and multiparameter analyzes of intravesicular biomarkers in the selected subpopulation. The expression of IGF-1R and its phosphorylation level in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient plasma is assessed as a non-invasive alternative to the conventional biopsy and immunohistochemistry. Detection of ovarian cancer also is assessed. The microfluidic chip, which may be fabricated of a glass substrate and a layer of poly(dimethylsiloxane), includes a serpentine microchannel to mix a fluid and a microchamber for the collection and detection of exosomes.

Abstract: A system for isolating cells in at least one of single-cell format and single-cluster format, comprising a reservoir, including a reservoir inlet and a reservoir outlet, configured to receive a biological sample and to receive at least one fluid, a manifold configured to receive and deliver the biological sample and the at least one fluid from the reservoir into a biological sample substrate, the manifold comprising a broad surface comprising a central region configured to receive the biological sample substrate, a set of openings configured to enable fluid flow transmission across the biological sample substrate, a manifold inlet configured to transmit flow from the reservoir the first subset of openings, a manifold outlet configured at a downstream end of the broad surface and coupled to the second subset of openings, the manifold outlet configured to transmit waste fluid from the manifold.

Abstract: Devices for separating constituents (e.g., cells) in a fluid sample are provided. The device includes a microfluidic conduit configured to carry a flow of a fluid sample and includes two or more separation elements, each separation element including a first region and a second region, where the first region has a cross-sectional area less than a cross-sectional area of the second region. The device also includes a flow resistive element in fluid communication with the microfluidic conduit in a region between two adjacent separation elements. Also provided are methods of using the devices, as well as systems and kits that include the devices. The devices, systems, methods and kits find use in a variety of different applications, including diagnostic assays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cover device for a sample carrier, comprising a sticky surface area for connection to the sample carrier, wherein the sticky surface area is configured such that the sample carrier is covered in liquid-tight fashion after connection of the cover device to the sample carrier in the sticky surface area.

Abstract: Covers for microwells, the covers comprising open portions to allow a pipette access to one or more wells and impermeable portions which prevent the liquids from getting into wells shielded by the impermeable portion. The open portions and impermeable portions are preferably arranged and sized to align with alternating rows of wells in a particular microplate. Preferred covers are movably positioned on the microplate and comprise alignment adjusting members for adjusting the alignment of the cover with a microplate. Automated dispensing apparatus for use with microplates and microwell covers comprises a programmable controller, and suitable interfaces which allow the apparatus to be programmed, and which control a dispensing head such that pipettes are moved in the desired manner in order to take advantage of the protective features of the microwell covers. The apparatus also preferably comprises at least one transfer mechanism for moving a cover relative to a microplate at a dispensing station.

Abstract: A grinding machine for grinding foodstuffs, such as meat or the like, includes an orifice plate at the outlet of a grinding head. The orifice plate has collection passages that discharge a mixture of soft material and hard material through the orifice plate. A separator assembly is located downstream of the orifice plate for separating the soft material from the hard material. The separator assembly includes a tapered, perforated separator chamber that receives the mixture of soft material and hard material, in combination with a rotatable separator screw located within the separator chamber. Rotation of the separator screw functions to separate the soft material from the hard material and force the soft material through the perforations in the separator chamber. An adjustment arrangement enables the axial position of the separator screw to be adjusted within the separator chamber.

Abstract: A stomper for a food grinder comprises a distal end adapted to push food into a receiving tube of a food grinder, a proximal handle end adapted for a user to grasp the stomper while pushing food into the receiving tube of the food grinder, an elongated shaft between the distal end and the proximal handle end, a channel defined in the proximal handle end, and a bayonet projecting from one or more internal walls of the channel. The bayonet is adapted to engage a protrusion on an auger of the food grinder to apply a pulling force to remove the auger from the food grinder.

Abstract: A system for detecting a combustion-related condition in a pulverizer includes a pulverizer configured to receive coal chunks via an inlet, to grind the coal chunks into coal powder and to output the coal powder via an outlet. The system includes sensors configured to detect heat input characteristics supplied to the pulverizer and heat output characteristics emitted from the pulverizer. The system also includes a controller configured to determine, based on signals from the sensors, whether a combustion-related condition exists in the pulverizer based on a heat balance function including the heat input characteristics and the heat output characteristics.

Abstract: An infeed system is provided for a chipper or grinder having a processing portion wherein an item is processed into smaller pieces. The infeed system is upstream of the processing portion and includes a feed roller, a first hydraulic motor in communication with the feed roller for selectively actuating the feed roller, a second hydraulic motor in communication with the feed roller for selectively actuating the feed roller, and a hydraulic pump for providing hydraulic fluid to the first and second motors. A directional control valve and a relational control valve are between the pump and the motors. The directional control valve allows the hydraulic fluid to operate the first and second motors in a forward direction and in a reverse direction, and the relational control valve allows the hydraulic fluid to operate the first and second motors in series and in parallel.

Abstract: An assembly and method for gravitationally separating gold from particles, and specifically for separating small components of gold, less than 1 millimeter from small particles. A series of sieves having graduated mesh sizes, and arranged in a sequential, stacked configuration sieves the aggregate of large particles and larger components of gold. The remaining small particles and smaller components of gold fall into a container. A pressurized column of fluid is forced into the container. The fluid has sufficient flow velocity to suspend the lighter small particles, but insufficient flow velocity to support the denser, high specific gravity gold. Gold has a large specific gravity relative to the fluid and particles. Gravity causes the gold to falls into a transparent collection conduit. Manipulation of valves enables gold to redirect to a collection bin. Fluid flow is shut, enabling small particles to be flushed out through gravitational forces and excess fluid momentum.

Abstract: A classifier cleaning and optimization device is provided. The device includes a chamber that is adapted to contain a fluidized bed, an array of two or more adjacently arranged inclined plates positioned above the fluidized bed wherein an inclined channel is formed between each pair of adjacent inclined plates, and a means for introducing a process liquid into the chamber between the fluidized bed and the array of inclined plates such that in use, the process fluid travels through at least one of the inclined channels. A method of cleaning the separation section of a classifier is also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Methods for separating particles in a ferrofluid, along with apparatus for performing the same, are provided. The method may include introducing the ferrofluid through a separation tube; applying a magnetic field to the separation tube such that a fluid constriction is created within the tube that leads to a density gradient in the fluid with a maximum value (dmax) at some region along the tube; and introducing a plurality of particles into the ferrofluid within the separation tube such that particles having densities greater than dmax flow through the ferrofluid.

Abstract: A surface condensation process and device for efficiently removing coal combustion fly ash micro spheres are provided. The device is comprised of a patterned-plate type atomizer, a flow meter, an ultrasonic drive power source, an automatic temperature controller, a heat-tracing pipeline, a condensation sleeve, an electrically heated water storage tank, a water pump and an electrostatic precipitator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manipulating polarizable dielectric particles. The method includes positioning a liquid containing the particles above a surface of a piezoelectric material (2). The method also includes inducing a shear-horizontal surface acoustic wave in the piezoelectric material (2), thereby to form a time-varying non-uniform evanescent electric field extending into the liquid. The method further includes using the time-varying non-uniform evanescent electric field to apply a force to at least some of the particles (50, 52) by dielectrophoresis.

Abstract: A centrifugal separator is provided with a base and a substantially vertical spindle upstanding from the base. A rotary vessel is mounted on the spindle. A housing is connected to the base and encloses the rotary vessel. A liquid supply duct supplies a liquid to be filtered to the rotary vessel. The rotary vessel has an open top and an upper edge at the open top. The rotary vessel is provided with a filter material and has a weir arranged at the upper edge, wherein the filter material extends upwardly to the weir. The housing has a passageway adjacent to the weir and the passage way communicates with the weir to enable discharge of waste material that is contained in the liquid to be filtered and does not pass through the filter material during supply of liquid to be filtered to the rotary vessel and rotation of the rotary vessel.

Abstract: A centrifuge (10) comprising a housing (12), a rotor (32), a safety vessel (26) in which the rotor (32) is supported on a drive shaft (37) extending through the safety vessel (26) and a centrifuge cover (16) limiting an inner space (24) of the housing (12), wherein the safety vessel (26) is provided in the inner space (24), a gaseous coolant enters the inner space (24) via a suction opening (20), flows through the inner space (24), thereby guided laterally past the safety vessel (26) and at least sectionally past the drive motor via the rotor (32), and laterally exits the inner space (24) of the housing (12) through an outlet opening (46). The invention is characterized by a channel (41) being provided for the gaseous coolant, running around the safety vessel (26) at least in part and formed by the safety vessel (26) and at least one flow guidance (40), provided in radial direction.

Abstract: A film forming method of forming a film by accelerating powder of a material with gas and spraying and depositing the powder onto a surface of a substrate with the powder being kept in a solid state includes: a substrate film forming step of forming a film. The film forming step includes jetting out the powder and inert gas from a nozzle towards the substrate, causing inside of the chamber to be under positive pressure by the inert gas, and depositing the powder on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A composition for a single-component polyurethane foam and a nozzle for spraying the same. The composition comprising a polyurethane pre-polymer dissolved in liquid hydrocarbons, wherein the polyurethane pre-polymer further comprises polyethers or polyesters, wherein at least one of the polyethers or polyesters is a diol with an average functionality ƒ=2, a hydroxyl value within 35-180 mg KOH/g, and with an acid value not exceeding 0.2 mg KOH/g. The single-component polyurethane foam composition being sprayable onto a surface at a rate of 6 to 10 grams/second from the nozzle of the present invention wherein a coating depth of up to 30-55 mm is obtained over a 1 m2 surface after one minute of product application. The nozzle of the present invention comprising design features to produce a cone-shaped spray pattern of the foamable product.

Abstract: A shower head capable of automatic switching and manual positioning is provided. By pressing buttons, a tension spring brings a final-stage small gear of a gear transmission unit to mesh with a switching gear. A rotor drives the switching gear through the gear transmission unit, enabling a water hole of the switching gear to align with one of water diversion holes of a water diversion seat for automatic switching to provide different outflow modes. The shower head implements function switching with one hand and is convenient to use.

Abstract: In one aspect, a sprinkler is provided having a nozzle, a deflector that receives fluid flow from the nozzle, and a friction brake assembly that controls rotation of a deflector. The friction brake assembly is releasably connected to the frame in order to enhance serviceability of the sprinkler. In another aspect, a sprinkler is provided having a frame, a deflector rotatably connected to the frame, a nozzle, and a nozzle socket of the frame. The nozzle and nozzle socket have interlocking portions that releasably connect the nozzle to the frame. The nozzle may be easily removed for servicing. Further, the nozzle socket can be configured to receive a plurality of nozzles having different flow characteristics. A nozzle can be selected and utilized with the sprinkler according to the desired application for the sprinkler.

Abstract: An outlet valve for a dispensing nozzle comprising a first valve component constructed and arranged to be received by the dispensing nozzle and a second valve component constructed and arranged to cooperate with the first valve component. The first valve component and the second valve component define a normally-closed flow interface.

Abstract: Among other things, a dispensing device and/or a refill container are provided. The dispensing device may comprise a dispenser component configured to dispense a refill material. A sensor component may be configured to identify an optical property (e.g., whether an optical brightener is present in the refill material) of the refill material. The dispensing device may evaluate the optical property against an optical profile to determine whether the refill material is a valid refill material (e.g., comprises the optical brightener) or an invalid refill material (e.g., does not comprise the optical brightener). Operation of the dispensing device may be enabled based upon the refill material being the valid refill material. If the refill material comprises the invalid refill material, then operation of the dispensing device may be disabled and/or a flush option (e.g., evacuating the invalid refill material from the dispensing device) may be activated.

Abstract: A coating system for coating objects comprises an application device and a supply system, by means of which at least one liquid material can be fed to the application device via a flow path. A temperature control arrangement is present, by which the temperature of the at least one liquid material can be controlled in the flow path and/or the application device in at least one temperature control region.

Abstract: A changing device for coating media, including supply units that each have at least one inlet connection connectable to a reservoir, and an outlet connection, between which a flow channel extends. A coupling unit has an input connection and an output connection, connectable to an application device, between which input connection and output connection a through-channel extends. The coupling unit is movable in a positioning movement direction relative to the supply units by a positioning device. The input connection of the coupling unit is complementary to the outlet connections of the supply units so that the input connection of the coupling unit is movable in a coupling movement direction relative to one of the supply units and can be coupled to or disconnected from the outlet of the supply unit. The positioning device only moves the coupling unit in a plane in which the coupling movement direction also lies.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is a coating apparatus. The coating apparatus includes a first discharger, a second discharger, and a third discharger. The first discharger discharges a first liquid on a top surface of a substrate. In addition, the second discharger discharges a second liquid of which surface tension is higher than surface tension of the first liquid on the top surface of the substrate. In addition, the third discharger is disposed in a side outer than the first discharger in the substrate and discharges a gas on the top surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A nozzle pair (3, 6) is used to coat the side faces of spacers (1) for insulating glass with an adhesive material, the adhesive material being applied to the side face of the spacers (1) through the nozzles (15) of the nozzle pair. As the side faces of the spacer (1) are coated with adhesive material the nozzle pair (3, 6) is moved along the sides of the spacer (1), the relative movement between the nozzle pair (3, 6) and the spacer (1) being obtained by a movement of the spacer (1) and/or the nozzle pair (3, 6). With this way of working, there is no need to rotate the spacer (1) about an axis perpendicular to its plane and therefore the rotation can be dispensed with.

Abstract: A paint-spraying booth may include: a paint-spraying chamber; at least one filter unit; and/or an automated system. Paint is sprayed in the paint-spraying chamber. The paint-spraying chamber may be provided with air flow for evacuation of paint overspray which may be conveyed to the at least one filter unit of the paint-spraying booth for filtering and separation of the paint overspray from the air flow. The at least one filter unit may include a plurality of replaceable filter modules. Each filter module may be removably contained inside a housing in the at least one filter unit. The automated system may be configured to remove and transport each filter module between a housing of the at least one filter unit and a zone for entry/exit of the filter modules into/from the paint-spraying booth.

Abstract: A paint-spraying booth may include: a paint-spraying chamber; at least one filter unit; and/or a rail system. Paint may be sprayed in the paint-spraying chamber. The paint-spraying chamber may be provided with air flow for evacuation of paint overspray which may be conveyed to the at least one filter unit of the paint-spraying booth for filtering and separation of the paint overspray from the air flow. The at least one filter unit may include a plurality of replaceable filter modules. Each filter module may be removably contained inside a housing in the at least one filter unit. The rail system may be configured to remove and transport each filter module between a housing of the at least one filter unit and a zone for entry/exit of the filter modules into/from the paint-spraying booth.

Abstract: A fluid delivery device having a trigger actuated sprayer assembly for dispensing a liquid with features such as a bottle with a concavity, a clip around the bottle neck, a sprayer assembly with a bottle filling conduit and a translucent neck window on the sprayer assembly for viewing the bottle filling conduit. The fluid delivery system includes a bottle with a concavity in the side wall attached to a body. A pump in the body receives fluid from the bottle via a fluid inlet conduit and discharges the fluid from a fluid discharge conduit. Also provided is a kit including (i) a fluid delivery device with a bottle, and (ii) one or more fluid refill containers, wherein the bottle and the container(s) include matching indicia of the fluid such that the bottle is only filled from a container with the fluid indicated by the matching indicia.

Abstract: An irrigation system ground spike for securing at least one component of an irrigation system includes a spike portion for penetrating soil to hold the ground spike in position and at least two holding portions. Each holding portion holds a respective component of an irrigation system wherein a first of the two holding portions differs from a second of the two portions so facilitating use of the spike for selectively securing respective different components. In particular one of the holding portions is arranged for holding tube or hose of a first diameter and another of the holding portions is arranged for holding tube or hose of a second diameter.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for applying a liquid active substance onto surfaces moving in a circulating manner, including a metering unit with a pipe system and an application unit. The active substance is conducted to the application unit by the metering unit, and the application unit has a pad with an open-pore mesh structure for receiving and storing the active substance and for applying the active substance onto a moving surface as a film as a function of the degree of saturation and the contact pressure of the pad on the moving surface. Brackets fix the pad in a working position when pushed together and are capable of being pulled apart to exchange the pad. Also, the use of the apparatus for keeping the moving surfaces free from deposits, accumulations or contaminants.

Abstract: A liquid supply apparatus which supplies a liquid to an object, includes a discharger configured to discharge a liquid; a driving mechanism configured to arrange the discharger at a plurality of positions including a first position and a second position; a first exhaust port arranged so as to face the discharger arranged at the first position and configured to exhaust heat generated by the discharger arranged at the first position; and a second exhaust port arranged so as to face the discharger arranged at the second position and configured to exhaust heat generated by the discharger arranged at the second position.

Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing a medium includes a cartridge in which a piston is movably receivable. An outlet is arranged in an outlet face of the cartridge for conveying the medium into a storage chamber of the cartridge. The piston includes a conveying side, a drive side disposed opposite the conveying side and at least one seal arranged at a side wall of the piston for providing a fluid-tight sealing between the piston and an inner cartridge wall. The cartridge includes a protrusion or a recess. The protrusion or the recess and the piston are arranged such that they can engage in such a way that, when the piston is arranged in a filling position, substantially no gas can be trapped between the outlet face, the conveying side of the piston and the seal facing the outlet face.

Abstract: A composite and a coating having engineered reflective properties are described. The composite comprises a matrix and flakes of a multilayer polymer film including one or more bilayers including at least a layer of a first polymer and a layer of a second polymer having a different refractive index than the first polymer. The coating described includes the composite as applied to a surface and has a reflectance of at least 10% for a selected wavelength range and a transmittance of at least 50% at wavelengths outside of the selected wavelength range. Also described are methods for forming the composite and the coating.

Abstract: Methods for modifying contours of substrate surfaces are disclosed. Methods include depositing filler material on a critical mating surface of a substrate so as to render the mating surface more mateable with a matching substrate. The filler material can be deposited within or around features or defects on the mating surface such that a final desired surface contour is achieved. In some cases, the final surface contour of the mating surface is planar. This can prevent gaps associated with the features or defects from forming between the substrate and the matching substrate when they are joined together. The final surface contour of the mating surface can be determined by comparing dimensions of the mating surface to dimensions of a reference surface. In some cases, ink jet printing techniques are used to deposit the filler material accurately in prescribed locations and with precise thickness control.

Abstract: A coating method of reflective film is first to prepare a glass beads film and then select a color to be coated. The color is composed of plural primary colors in fixed ratio, making the color have a standard ratio, which is obtainable from an original database. Next, ratios of the primary colors are respectively adjusted to form a printing ratio according to color fastness, permeability and light barrier property of each primary color attached to the glass beads and then, each primary color is orderly spray coated on the glass beads film to form a coating layer with micro-printing technique in accordance with the printing ratio, thus completing manufacturing of a reflective film with high transmittance and high wide angle.

Abstract: A capacitive transducer includes at least one cell that includes a first electrode and a vibrating membrane including a second electrode provided so as to be apart from the first electrode with a cavity sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode. An electrostatic shield is provided on the cell via a silicone rubber layer.