Abstract: A powertrain includes an engine having a crankshaft. The engine is operable to rotate the crankshaft about a central axis. A torque converter includes a housing that is rotatable about the central axis. A selectable one way clutch system interconnects the housing of the torque converter and the crankshaft. The selectable one way clutch system includes a notch plate and a pocket plate. One of the notch plate and the pocket plate is defined by the housing of the torque converter, and the other of the notch plate and the pocket plate is connected to the crankshaft for continuous rotation with the crankshaft.

Abstract: An electric power steering device includes a composite metal member. The composite metal member is formed by laminating a plurality of metal plates that have different thermal expansion coefficients. The composite metal member is capable of causing a worm shaft to oscillate and be displaced away from a worm wheel on the basis of deformation of the composite metal member if the temperature thereof has become higher than a reference temperature. The composite metal member is also capable of causing the worm shaft to oscillate and be displaced towards the worm wheel on the basis of deformation of the composite metal member if the temperature thereof has become lower than the reference temperature.

Abstract: A bicycle sprocket comprises a sprocket body and a plurality of chain-driving teeth. The plurality of chain-driving teeth comprises a first tooth and a second tooth. The first tooth has a first radial length radially defined from a reference line to a first radially outermost end. The second tooth has a second radial length radially defined from the reference line to a second radially outermost end. The second radial length is in a range of 1.5 mm to 2.9 mm. A shortest distance is defined between the downstream circumferential surface and a first intersection point of the circumferential center plane and an additional reference line. The shortest distance is equal to or larger than 2.0 mm. The additional reference line is defined at a reference position radially outward spaced apart from the reference line by 1.5 mm.

Abstract: A roller chain sprocket includes a body with a hub and a row of teeth that extends circumferentially around the hub such that the hub extends axially outward on opposite first and second sides of the row of teeth. The teeth are separated from each other by tooth spaces, wherein each of said tooth spaces is bisected by a radial tooth space centerline. First and second elastomeric cushion rings are respectively bonded to the hub on the opposite first and second sides of the row of teeth, with cushion ring extending circumferentially about the hub and including a plurality of compression pads separated from each other by axially extending transverse grooves. Each of the compression pads includes a planar or otherwise flat outer surface that is connected to a respective preceding one of the grooves by a leading corner surface and connected to a respective trailing one of the grooves by a trailing corner surface.

Abstract: A housing a housing container, a housing cover configured to close an open end of the housing container and a snap-fit fastener that secures a rim of the housing cover to a sidewall of the housing container. The housing container includes a base and a sidewall that protrudes from the base. The fastener includes an elastic clip that is disposed on an outer surface of the sidewall and a rigid lug that protrudes from the cover and engages the clip. The clip has a U-shaped plate portion that extends in parallel to the sidewall and defines clip opening. The lug includes a ridge that protrudes into the clip opening and engages the plate portion. The plate portion is dimensioned so that an outer edge of the plate portion is disposed no further from the container base than the sidewall free edge.

Abstract: A shift device including: a shift body that is moved to change a shift position; a grip section that is provided to the shift body, and that is grippable by an occupant; a body member that is provided to the grip section; a first covering member that is provided to the grip section, that covers the body member, and that is provided with an engagement portion engaging with the body member; and a second covering member that is provided to the grip section, that covers the body member, and that is provided with an anchoring portion, the anchoring portion engaging with the engagement portion, being anchored to at least one out of the body member or the first covering member, and restraining release of engagement of the engagement portion with the body member.

Abstract: A controller for a vehicle including a continuously variable transmission mechanism, a mechanical stepped transmission mechanism, and a drive wheel is provided. The controller includes an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is configured to execute gear change control of the mechanical stepped transmission mechanism so as to establish any simulated gear stage of a plurality of simulated gear stages and to change a gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism stepwise. When determining that the mechanical stepped transmission mechanism has failed, the electronic control unit is configured to fix the mechanical stepped transmission mechanism at a limp-home mode mechanical gear stage, prohibit a stepped gear change of the continuously variable transmission mechanism, and change the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism in a stepless manner on the basis of a vehicle state.

Abstract: A device for controlling a gear ratio of a hydrostatic mechanical power-split transmission comprises an input switch (1) which, when rotated, produces a particular transmission characteristic and, at the same time, limits the maximum pressure. The selected position of the input switch (1) selects a particular maximum pressure curve from a large number of stored maximum pressure curves.

Abstract: A piston ring set for internal combustion (IC) engine is provided. The IC engine includes a cylinder having a liner and a finish on the liner. A piston having a crown and a set of grooves is disposed in the cylinder. A set of piston rings is disposed in the set of grooves. The piston rings are disposed in order from closest to the crown and include at least a first compression ring having free ends defining a first end gap, a second compression ring having free ends defining a second end gap. A nominal value of the first end gap of the first compression ring is greater than a nominal value of the second end gap of the second compression ring.

Abstract: A seal assembly for a valve stem comprises an external seal placed on a valve stem facing an external environment; an internal seal placed on the valve stem facing a process environment; the external and internal seals define a chamber for the containment of barrier fluid; the chamber has an inlet configured to be placed into fluid communication with a source of barrier fluid; a detector of the amount of barrier fluid; a pressurizer device for providing the chamber with a positive pressure with respect to the process environment; the pressurizer device is configured to be installed coaxially with the valve stem.

Abstract: A sealing device includes a seal ring 200 made of resin which is in close contact with a side wall surface on a low pressure side of an annular groove 410, and slides against an inner peripheral surface of a shaft hole in a housing 500 through which a shaft 400 is inserted. A metal spring 300 presses the seal ring 200 toward an outer peripheral surface side, wherein a concave portion 220 is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the seal ring 200 which extends from an end portion on a high pressure side of the outer peripheral surface to a position which does not reach an end portion on a low pressure side of the outer peripheral surface, and introduces a fluid from the high pressure side.

Abstract: A cylinder device includes; a cylinder; a rod protruding from the cylinder; an annular member formed at one end side of the cylinder; an annular closing section formed further outward in a cylinder inward/outward direction than the annular member to close the one end side of the cylinder; and an annular seal ring provided inward in the cylinder inward/outward direction from an outer circumferential side of the closing section. The seal ring includes: a front end side outer circumferential seal section; a base end side outer circumferential seal section; a front end side inner circumferential abutting section; and a base end side inner circumferential abutting section. At least one set of seal sections or abutting sections is constituted by convex sections protruding in a radial direction.

Abstract: The dry-running piston rod packing for sealing a piston rod supported in such a way that the piston rod can be moved in a longitudinal direction (L) having at least one chamber ring, a sealing chamber, and a sealing ring arranged in the sealing chamber, wherein the piston rod packing has a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side, wherein a lift-off device is designed and arranged in such a way that the lift-off device can lift and lower the sealing ring in the longitudinal direction (L).

Abstract: Aspirating face seal between high and low pressure regions of turbomachine between rotatable and non-rotatable members of turbomachine includes gas bearing rotatable and non-rotatable face surfaces, non-rotatable face surface mounted on annular slider on non-rotatable member. Retracting means retracts annular slider away from rotatable member and non-rotatable face surface away from rotatable surface and includes circumferentially spaced apart non-coiled springs axially disposed between slider and non-rotatable engine member. Leaf springs may include first and second ends mounted or attached to first and second mounting lugs or tabs attached to non-rotatable member and slider respectively and middle portion between ends. Springs oriented for retracting slider if slider contacts rotatable member. Primary and starter seal teeth may be mounted on carrier on rotatable member. Primary seal tooth may be on non-rotatable member and starter seal tooth on rotatable member.

Abstract: A balanced valve includes a valve body, a valve stem, and first and second flow control members. The valve body forms a channel defining a fluid flow path extending from a valve inlet to a valve outlet via a valve gallery and defines an opening in fluid communication with the gallery. The valve stem has first and second portions and is at least partially disposed within the opening and the gallery. The first flow control member is coupled to the first portion of the valve stem and controls fluid flow along the fluid flow path. The second flow control member is coupled to the second portion of the valve stem and is disposed in the opening of the valve body. The second flow control member and the valve body define a cavity. An integral balancing passage is formed within the valve body and fluidly connects the cavity and the outlet.

Abstract: The high pressure valve (1) has a high pressure region (2) and a low pressure region (3) and a shut-off element (4). The shut-off element (4) is designed for closing and opening a fluid connection between the high pressure region (2) and the low pressure region (3) and to this end it can be moved in an axial direction (Z) between a closed closure position and an opened opening position. A seat gasket (9) is provided to form a seal in the closure position. The seat gasket (9) is a compression sealing seat gasket (9) which is affixed to the shut-off element (4) and is arranged in a recess provided in the shut-off element (4).

Abstract: Provided is a fluid controller capable of cost reduction and performance improvement. Movable members 12 and 13 moved manually or automatically and for moving the disk 9 are tubular in shape and include a fitting portion 13a to be fitted to an outer periphery of the disk 9. The disk 9 is provided with a flange portion 9c, and the tubular movable members 12 and 13 are provided at a lower end portion thereof with a flange portion 35 to be brought into contact with the flange portion 9c of the disk 9 from above.

Abstract: A control valve includes a casing having an inlet port for a fluid, an axially rotatable valve accommodated in the casing and having a flow path communicating with the inlet port. An upstream outlet port and a downstream outlet port passing through the casing are formed at intervals in the casing. An upstream communication port and a downstream communication port, which respectively communicate between an inside of the flow path and the upstream outlet port and between the inside of the flow path and the downstream outlet port according to a rotational position of the valve are formed in the valve. A flowing direction changing portion for changing a flowing direction of the fluid in the flow passage is provided in a portion of the flow path which is located on a downstream side in relation to the upstream communication port in the flowing direction of the fluid.

Abstract: A control valve with a planar seal structure having a valve body with a water inlet, water outlet, and water drainage port. A spool with a planar seal structure and having fixed valve plate and movable valve plate is disposed in the valve body. The movable valve plate is rotationally fitted to the fixed valve plate. The fixed valve plate has a plurality of through-holes. One through-hole with an arc and fan shape is in communication with the water outlet. The outer diameter of the through-hole with an arc and fan shape is greater than that of another through-hole of the fixed valve plate. The through-hole is in communication with the valve body's water inlet. The fixed valve plate has at least one arc communicating blind hole. The through-holes of the fixed valve plate are mutually fitted with the communicating blind hole.

Abstract: A fluid pressure regulator includes a housing having an inlet and an outlet, a valve assembly disposed in the housing, and one or more check valves disposed within the housing. The one or more check valves may be closed when a regulator inlet pressure is greater than a regulator output pressure. When the regulator output pressure is greater than the regulator input pressure, the one or more check valves may open and flow may occur from the outlet of the fluid regulator to the inlet of the fluid regulator, even if the valve assembly is in a closed position.

Abstract: An injection molding apparatus including: a valve pin driven by an actuator, the valve pin extending axially through at least a portion of the channel length of the fluid flow channel, the fluid flow channel including a throat, downstream flow of the injection fluid being restricted by a bulb portion of the pin, the valve pin having an intermediate position where downstream flow of injection fluid is unrestricted and a fully downstream position where downstream flow of injection fluid is stopped at both the gate and at the throat, wherein the actuator is driven by a valve assembly comprised of a spool mechanically driven by first and second actuators or solenoids that each separately engage the spool at opposing axial ends to effect movement of the spool back and forth between the drive fluid flow positions.

Abstract: A flow control device includes a flow channel composed of non-magnetic material having a center axis, a first length segment having a first diameter, a second length segment, wherein the flow channel expands conically from the first diameter to a second diameter in the second length segment, and a third length segment; a magnetic closing ball, which is movably arranged in the second and third length segments and has a ball diameter that lies between the first and the second diameters; a first, axially polarized (north-south) ring magnet, which is oriented centrally in the center axis and is arranged so as to be longitudinally movable along the center axis and has an inside diameter that is greater than the outside diameter of the flow channel in the third length segment; and a preloading device, which axially pushes the north-south-polarized first ring magnet toward the first length segment.

Abstract: A flow control valve assembly has at least one manifold having an inlet flow port, an outlet flow port, and a flow channel provided there between, the flow channel having an inlet chamber, a variable area chamber and an outlet chamber, with fluid flowing from the inlet flow port to the inlet chamber, the variable area chamber and the outlet chamber, in that order, before exiting the outlet flow port. The flow control valve assembly further includes a float assembly having a fitting, a float extending through the flow channel from the fitting and which is limited for its movement inside the variable area chamber, a measuring device that measures the displacement of the float and which is secured to the fitting and positioned outside the flow channel, and a connecting rod which connects the float to the measuring device and extends through the flow channel.

Abstract: The invention to a valve unit (1) for a synthetically commutated fluid working machine (51), comprising a valve body (19,57), a movably arranged valve unit (3) and a separate fluid flow influencing unit (13, 25, 31, 35, 46, 56). The fluid flow influencing unit (13, 25, 31, 35, 46, 56) comprises a fluid flow influencing means part (18) and an attachment means part (28, 34, 38) for mechanical connection with the valve body (19). The attachment means part (28, 34, 38) and the fluid flow influencing unit (18) are connected to each other by a connection means part (27, 30, 33, 40, 47). The circumferential extent of the attachment means part (28, 34, 38) is larger as compared to the circumferential extent of the connection means part (27, 30, 33, 40, 47).

Abstract: A fluid valve includes a valve body having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. A fluid passageway connects the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet. A trim assembly is located within the fluid passageway and the trim assembly cooperates with a control member to control fluid flow through the fluid passageway. The trim assembly includes a cage having a lattice structure.

Abstract: A fuel line comprising a thermoplastic composition is described. The thermoplastic compositions exhibit high strength and flexibility and can be used to form one or more layers of single layer or multi-layer fuel lines. Methods for forming the thermoplastic compositions are also described. Formation methods include dynamic vulcanization of a composition that includes an impact modifier dispersed throughout a polyarylene sulfide. A crosslinking agent is combined with the other components of the composition following dispersal of the impact modifier. The crosslinking agent reacts with the impact modifier to form crosslinks within and among the polymer chains of the impact modifier. The compositions can exhibit excellent physical characteristics at extreme temperatures.

Abstract: A hose that includes an inner layer and an outer layer made of an elastic polymeric material, and a textile reinforcement layer interposed between the inner and the outer layers. The inner layer and the outer layer are reciprocally coupled to form a unitary tubular member, within which the textile reinforcement layer is embedded. The unitary tubular member has an elasticity such to automatically elongate under the working pressure given by the liquid flowing therethrough to increase its original length and to automatically recover once the working pressure stops. The textile reinforcement layer is adapted to move from a rest configuration when the working pressure stops to a working configuration when the unitary tubular member elongates under the working pressure, and vice versa.

Abstract: An extendible and collapsible pressure hose system can be created which comprises a collapsible pressure hose with a hose output connector mounted on one end and a fluid control system mounted on the other. In such a system, the collapsible pressure hose can, but need not comprise a coiled support wire, a convoluted hose body and/or an outer reinforcement cover. A fluid control system can comprise an input connector attached to hose, input connector housing, a main valve, and a pump. In such a fluid control system, the main valve can direct fluid within hose in three modes: 1) an open mode, where fluid pressure extends hose for use, 2) a retract mode, where the pump is used to pump fluid out of the hose, and 3) a closed mode, where no fluid can flow and in which the hose can be stowed.

Abstract: A fitting for attaching to a threaded connection of a pipe, in particular a water pipe, includes a basic body, a threaded portion, and a sealing body arranged on the threaded portion. The basic body has a pressing surface on the side situated opposite to the threaded portion. Also disclosed is a method for attaching a fitting to a threaded connection of a pipe.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide a threaded connection for pipe or tube having an excellent anti-misalignment property and an appropriate shouldering torque, and further having excellent corrosion resistance and an excellent adhesiveness of a solid lubricant coating, and to provide a method of producing the threaded connection for pipe or tube. The threaded connection for pipe or tube according to the present embodiment includes a pin and a box. The pin and the box have contact surfaces including thread portions and unthreaded metal contact portions. The threaded connection for pipe or tube comprises an alloy plating layer consisting of a Zn—Ni alloy on the contact surface of at least one of the pin and the box, a phosphating layer, and a solid lubricant coating. These are stacked in an order of the alloy plating layer, phosphating layer, and the solid lubricant coating, from a contact surface side.

Abstract: A conduit fitting preassembly includes an annular fitting component and at least a first conduit gripping device. The annular fitting component has an interior wall extending axially from a forward end to a rearward end, and a first projection extending radially inward from the interior wall. The first conduit gripping device is received within the annular fitting component and includes a second projection extending radially outward of an outer surface of the first conduit gripping device. The first projection includes an outward tapered rear surface and the second projection includes an inward tapered front surface. The rear surface of the first projection is radially aligned with the front surface of the second projection, such that when the first conduit gripping device is in a forward-most position, the first projection interlocks with the second projection to prevent axial withdrawal of the first conduit gripping device from the annular fitting component.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a gasket for quick couplers, in particular for the fluid tightness of the first valve of a male coupler. It is characterised in that it must be a composite gasket, having a toroidal shape and circumferentially comprising an O-Ring at its outer surface. The gasket according to the present invention allows a number of advantages to be achieved in terms of the stability and greater reliability of the gasket, which is not subject to extrusion and crushing phenomena during the coupling and decoupling steps of the pressurised coupler.

Abstract: A retaining catch for a socket pipe connection has a substantially circle-arc-shaped catch body, on which is arranged a protrusion which projects from the catch body. The catch body has a catch cross section in a cross-sectional plane as seen radially in a direction transverse to its circle-arc shaped longitudinal extent. The catch body has a bending portion, and the catch body, along the bending portion, has a reduction cross section which is reduced in size—as seen radially—in relation to the catch cross section.

Abstract: A pipe gasket is positioned within a pocket in a socket portion of a first end of a first pipe and the end of a spigot pipe is inserted into the socket with the gasket sealing the gap between the pipes. The gasket in one form comprises a blunt rounded nose portion, a central body portion with an insert embedded therein and a rear sealing portion comprising first and second projections, such as fins, that diverge and respectively engage the first pipe and the second pipe.

Abstract: This disclosure pertains to a control device for the coolant flow in a cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine with the following characteristics: a housing with an inlet opening, an outlet opening and a movable control element for varying the flow-through cross section of the channel; an annular seal arrangement comprising a sealing frame and a sealing ring is seated between a sealing surface of the housing and a sealing surface of the control element. According to this disclosure, it is proposed that the sealing ring rests against a plane sealing surface of the housing in a sealing fashion and meets this plane sealing surface along a contact line that encloses a first surface area. Depending on the flow direction through the seal arrangement, the sealing ring features a surface section that has a defined circumference referred to the length of the contact line between the sealing ring and the housing.

Abstract: A connector assembly (2100,3100) includes a unitary female connector portion (100) manufactured from a singular material that includes a waisted, tapering intermediate section (101) disposed between a compression ring (102) and a luminal connector (103) and one or more finger-grasping surfaces (108,109) disposed along the waisted, tapering intermediate section. A unitary male connector portion (1200,2200), which can be single ended or double-ended, includes a protruding male connector portion (1202,2202), one or more luminal connectors (1203,2203,2233) and a convex frustum (201,1201) disposed between the protruding male connector portion and the single ended luminal connector.

Abstract: An exemplary bulkhead (104A) connector assembly (100) includes a housing (106) having a first opening (138) and a second opening (130). The assembly (100) may further include a collar (108) that has a portion received within one of the first and second openings. The collar (108) may be rotatable to a latched position to hold a conduit (104B) within the housing (106). Further, the assembly (100) may have a detent (118) holding the collar (108) in the latched position when the detent (118) is moved to a locked position. The detent (118) in the locked position may have an indicator surface (112) providing tactile feedback indicative of the detent (118) holding the collar (108) in the latched position.

Abstract: A tube fitting includes a first coupling member having at least a snap coupling, a second coupling member having a first quick-connect side with a mating snap coupling disposed at a first end of the second coupling member, and at least one elastomeric seal disposed on the second coupling member, and a sleeve member configured to interface with the first coupling member and the at least one elastomeric seal, wherein the sleeve member is disposed between and retained by the first coupling member and the second coupling member and the snap coupling and mating snap coupling effect coupling of the first coupling member and the second coupling member.

Abstract: A flexible dual duct coupling, comprising: a coupling body having an inner flow passage and an outer flow passage therethrough; a first nut assembly configured for reversible attachment to the coupling body; and, a second nut assembly configured for reversible attachment to the coupling body, wherein the second nut assembly is opposite the first nut assembly.

Abstract: A pipe liner has an elongate duct of thin laminated thermoplastic layers and remains relatively flexible and folded to a flat form. In this form, opposing sides of the duct are pressed into close proximity aided by folding of the duct, so the liner can be stored efficiently. In use, the liner is inserted into a pipe. The liner is subsequently heated and pressed against the inner surface of the pipe to form a close fit. Once the liner cools, it sets in place providing a close fitting pipe lining. In order to ensure adequate and even heating of the pipe liner during installation, heating is provided within the liner. The heating may comprise: a plurality of conductive filaments; electromagnetic susceptor material; or a plurality of magnetic particles.

Abstract: An intermediate product for a vacuum insulation panel includes an outer covering member having a sealed space, a core material disposed in the sealed space and having heat insulation properties, and a first gas absorbent disposed in the sealed space, sealed by a container having gas barrier properties and absorbing a first specific gas, wherein the first specific gas is sealed in the sealed space, and an unsealing member configured to unseal the container when a pressing force is applied from an outside is attached to the container.

Abstract: A display system includes a table, a track carried by the table, a display device, a mount member, and an orienting mechanism. The mount member is slidable on the track to different locations on the track to enable the display device to be located at the different locations on the track. The orienting mechanism is constructed and arranged to be operatively connected to the display device and the mount member and to facilitate movement of the display device between a first configuration in which the display device is configured to be positioned substantially parallel to a top surface of the table, and a second configuration in which the display device is configured to be substantially inclined with respect to the top surface of the table. The orienting mechanism includes a biasing mechanism that, when actuated, moves the display device from the first configuration to the second configuration.

Abstract: A pole assembly which includes a pole, a hub being placed on the pole, the hub having a plurality of enclosed channels formed therein, a plurality of arm assemblies with each arm assembly having a vertical segment designed to fit within a respective channel and an arm extending outwardly from the vertical segment, and a finial designed to sit on top of an upper end of the pole, the finial having a spirit level incorporated therein.

Abstract: Installation of a removable tripod foot is facilitated by a cross-axis aperture in the foot and loosening of the threaded connection of the foot and the tripod's leg is resisted by a resilient element engaging interfacing surfaces of the foot and the leg.

Abstract: An accessory mounting system for an inflatable display. The accessory mounting system includes a cuff selectively positionable onto the inflatable airframe members of the inflatable display. The cuff remains on the airframe member when the inflatable display is in a deflated state. The cuff includes a mounting mechanism to which an accessory connector removably attaches over the exterior cover of the inflatable display. The accessory connector is adapted to support the accessory.

Abstract: A lubrication system comprising a motor, a positive displacement pump driven by the motor, a lubricant container in fluid communication with the positive displacement pump and at least one lubricant outlet in fluid communication with the lubricant container. The positive displacement pump is arranged to carry out at least one discharge stroke to dispense lubricant from the at least one lubricant outlet when the lubrication system is in use. The lubrication system also comprises a control unit that is arranged to determine an amount of lubricant that is dispensed from the lubricant container via the at least one lubricant outlet when the lubrication system is in use. The control unit is arranged to monitor current supplied to the motor to obtain a motor current signal, and to determine a number of the discharge strokes from the motor current signal.

Abstract: A system for storing a pressurized gas in a motor vehicle is provided, having a storage container and at least one thermally activatable safety valve for emptying the storage container. The safety valve activates automatically at a corresponding high temperature. The storage container has an additional activatable emptying device, which has an interface for an external energy source. The interface can be connected to the external energy source in order to empty the storage container in a targeted manner. Also provided is a method for emptying a storage container for a pressurized gas in a motor vehicle.

Abstract: Lamps and bulbs are disclosed generally comprising different combinations and arrangements of a light source, one or more wavelength conversion materials, regions or layers which are positioned separately or remotely with respect to the light source, and a separate diffusing layer. This arrangement allows for the fabrication of lamps and bulbs that are efficient, reliable and cost effective and can provide an essentially omni-directional emission pattern, even with a light source comprised of a co-planar arrangement of LEDs. The lamps according to the present invention can also comprise thermal management features that provide for efficient dissipation of heat from the LEDs, which in turn allows the LEDs to operate at lower temperatures. The lamps can also comprise optical elements to help change the emission pattern from the generally directional (e.g. Lambertian) pattern of the LEDs to a more omni-directional pattern.

Abstract: An LED filament, comprising: an enclosure; a linear array of LED devices; and an electrical connector, wherein: the enclosure includes an optically transmissive binder; and the linear of LED devices is conformally wrapped around by the enclosure to be operable to emit light when energized through the electrical connector.

Abstract: A light emitting diode chip includes: a first conductive type semiconductor layer disposed on a substrate; a mesa disposed on the first conductive type semiconductor layer and including an active layer and a second conductive type semiconductor layer; at least one groove disposed on a side surface of the mesa forming a concave region; an extension electrode forming ohmic contact with the first conductive type semiconductor layer in the concave region; an insulation layer covering the extension electrode, the first conductive type semiconductor layer, and the mesa, and including at least one first opening exposing the extension electrode and a second opening; a first pad electrode disposed on the insulation layer and electrically connected to the first conductive type semiconductor layer through the first opening; and a second pad electrode disposed on the insulation layer and electrically connected to the second conductive type semiconductor layer through the second opening.