Abstract: Described herein are a system and method of preparing integrated circuits (ICs) so that the ICs remain electrically active and can have their active circuitry probed for diagnostic and characterization purposes using charged particle beams. The system employs an infrared camera capable of looking through the silicon substrate of the ICs to image electrical circuits therein, a focused ion beam system that can both image the IC and selectively remove substrate material from the IC, a scanning electron microscope that can both image structures on the IC and measure voltage contrast signals from active circuits on the IC, and a means of extracting heat generated by the active IC. The method uses the system to identify the region of the IC to be probed, and to selectively remove all substrate material over the region to be probed using ion bombardment, and further identifies endpoint detection means of milling to the required depth so as to observe electrical states and waveforms on the active IC.

Abstract: Configuration values for Lookup tables (LUTs) and programmable routing switches in an FPGA are provided by means of a number of flip flops arranges in a shift register. This shift register may receive test values in a factory test mode, and operational configuration values (implementing whatever functionality the client requires of the FPGA) in an operational mode. The bitstreams are provided at one end of the shift register, and clocked through until the last flip flop receives its value. Values may also be clocked out at the other end of the shift register to be compared to the initial bitstream in order to identify corruption of stored values e.g. due to radiation exposure. A clock gating architecture is proposed for loading data to or reading data from specific selected shift registers.

Abstract: Technologies for built-in self-testing of a memory array using error detection and correction code knowledge include identifying data errors between pseudo random data written to the memory array and the data read back from the memory array and ignoring those data errors determined to be correctable. The data errors may be determined to be correctable if an error corrector circuit can correct those errors or if the number of errors per memory chuck is less than a number of errors correctable by the error correct circuit.

Abstract: A built-in self-test (BIST) method includes providing expanded test patterns to a logic circuit under test, generating a first signature based on a response of the logic circuit to the expanded test patterns, generating a second signature based on the first signature, wherein the second signature is a compressed version of the first signature, selecting one of the first signature or the second signature in response to a control signal, comparing the selected one of the first signature or the second signature to an expected signature, and, based on the comparison of the selected one of the first signature or the second signature to the expected signature, determining that the logic circuit passes or fails BIST.

Abstract: A semiconductor storage device, an operating method thereof, and an analysis system capable of analyzing a defect during a specific operation is provided. A semiconductor chip provided by the disclosure determines that whether the semiconductor storage device is in a power-on mode based on a voltage supplied to an external terminal and executes a power-on sequence when the semiconductor storage device is in the power-on mode. The semiconductor chip then determines that whether execution of a break sequence is set, and if the execution is set, the semiconductor chip executes the break sequence. In the break sequence, a selected operation is executed, so that an operation being executed is stopped at a selected timing. A defect of the semiconductor chip is analyzed in a stopped state.

Abstract: A method for circuit design includes providing one or more wrapper cells for use with a library of standard cells in design of an IC. Each wrapper cell has geometrical dimensions matching a corresponding group of one or more of the standard cells and defines an electrical path, including at least one via, from a location of a terminal in a lower metal layer in the standard cells in the corresponding group to a location in an upper metal layer. A computerized place-and-route tool receives a layout of the IC including a wrapper cell superimposed over one of the standard cells in the corresponding group. The place-and-route tool automatically routes a signal connection through the upper metal layer and the at least one via defined by the superimposed wrapper cell to the predefined signal terminal in the lower metal layer in the one of the standard cells.

Abstract: According to the present invention, the residual capacity in a fully-charged state is measured for each of a plurality of batteries (A, B, C) which become candidates to constitute a serial body (step S11). Then, the batteries (A, B) to constitute the serial body are selected from among the candidate batteries (A, B, C) on the basis of the residual capacities (step S12). Here, only the batteries (A, B), wherein the absolute value of the difference between the residual capacity and the maximum residual capacity of each battery is within 10% of the maximum residual capacity, are selected from among the batteries constituting the serial body. Then, the serial body is formed by connecting only the selected batteries (A, B) in series (step S13).

Abstract: A method includes receiving a first confidence level from a first battery sensor coupled to a first battery electrically coupled to an engine; receiving a second confidence level from a second battery sensor coupled to a second battery electrically coupled to the engine; storing the first confidence level and the second confidence level prior to the engine being powered off; receiving an updated first confidence level and an updated second confidence level after the engine is powered on; comparing (i) the first confidence level to the updated first confidence level for the first battery sensor and (ii) the second confidence level to the updated second confidence level for the second battery sensor; and enabling a stop-start functionality of the engine in response to the first confidence level and the second confidence level decreasing after the engine system is powered on relative to when the engine system was powered off.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for estimating a battery capacity of an electronic device. When a current or an average current of the battery is zero, a reference capacity is inquired from a look-up table based on a voltage of the battery. When a previously remaining capacity is greater than a reference capacity, a deduction process of a self-consumable capacity is performed one or more times for a previously recorded remaining capacity to obtain a new recorded remaining capacity smaller than the reference capacity. When the current of the battery is less than zero, a deduction process of a count capacity of discharging is performed one or more times for the previously recorded remaining capacity until a power of the battery is exhausted to obtain a first offset capacity. The first offset capacity is deducted from a previously recorded full charge capacity to estimate a new full charge capacity.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus that measures a measurement target amount generated from a measurement target, includes an additional amount generating section, a sensor, and a deriving section. The additional amount generating section generates an additional amount to be added to the measurement target amount. The sensor measures a composite amount of the measurement target amount added with the additional amount. The deriving section derives the measurement target amount from an output of the sensor. The additional amount is a pulse. The pulse has an amplitude higher than the absolute value of the maximum of the measurement target amount. The maximum of the pulse is zero. The pulse has a frequency high enough to ignore the 1/f noise. The deriving section detects the output value of the sensor to derive the measurement target amount.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive sensor wafer layout scheme used for a laser writing system and laser scanning method are disclosed. The layout scheme comprises a magnetoresistive multilayer film including an antiferromagnetic pinning layer arranged into a rectangular array of sensor dice on the wafer surface. Pinning layers of magnetoresistive sensing units are magnetically oriented and directionally aligned by the laser writing system. Sensing units are electrically connected into bridge arms electrically connected into a magnetoresistive sensor. Magnetoresistive sensing units in the dice are arranged into at least two spatially-isolated magnetoresistive orientation groups. In the magnetoresistive orientation groups, pinning layers of the sensing units have an angle of magnetic orientation of 0-360 degrees. Angles of magnetic orientation of two adjacent magnetoresistive orientation groups are different.

Abstract: A three-axis magnetic sensor which is not physically separated from each other and made of one element is provided. A spin-orbit torque is generated through an interface junction between a magnetization seed layer and a magnetization free layer, and through this, a change in an in-plane magnetic field may be sensed in the form of current or voltage in the magnetization seed layer. Further, a tunneling insulating layer and a magnetization pinned layer are formed on the magnetization free layer. The formed structure induces a tunnel magneto-resistance phenomenon. Through this, a change in a magnetic field in a vertical direction is sensed.

Abstract: A non-contact conductivity and magnetic susceptibility meter using a magnetic parallel dipole line (PDL) trap system is provided. In one aspect, a measurement system includes: a PDL trap having a pair of dipole line magnets; and a diamagnetic object levitating above the dipole line magnets, wherein the diamagnetic object is configured to contain a material under test for conductivity and magnetic susceptibility measurement using the measurement system. A method for analyzing a material under test using the present PDL trap-based non-contact measurement system is also provided.

Abstract: A scanning ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurement system is disclosed with a radio frequency (RF) probe and one or two magnetic poles mounted on a holder plate and enable a perpendicular-to-plane or in-plane magnetic field, respectively, at test locations. While the RF probe tip contacts a magnetic film on a whole wafer under test (WUT), a plurality of microwave frequencies (fR) is sequentially transmitted through the probe tip. Simultaneously, a magnetic field (HR) is applied to the contacted region thereby causing a FMR condition in the magnetic film for each pair of (HR, fR) values. RF output signals are transmitted through or reflected from the magnetic film to a RF diode and converted to voltage signals which a controller uses to determine effective anisotropy field, linewidth, damping coefficient, and/or inhomogeneous broadening for a sub-mm area. The WUT is moved to preprogrammed locations to enable multiple FMR measurements at each test location.

Abstract: The present invention provides a radio frequency (RF) coil (140) for use in a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging system (110), whereby the RF coil (140) comprises a coil PCB (200), multiple conductive elements (202) provided on the coil PCB (200), multiple feeding ports (210) for the excitation of the multiple conductive elements (202), at least one connection port (212), and multiple feeding lines (214) connecting the at least one connection port (212) to the multiple feeding ports (210), whereby the multiple feeding lines (214) are provided as co-planar feeding lines, which are arranged at the coil PCB (200). The present invention further provides a radio frequency (RF) arrangement (142), comprising a RF coil (140) as specified above and a RF shield (124). The present invention also provides a MR imaging system (110) comprising the above RF coil (140) of the above RF arrangement (142).

Abstract: In a case where a subject parameter distribution is obtained using MRI, a magnetization transfer effect is suppressed such that the calculation accuracy of T1 and T2 of brain parenchyma can be improved and a variation in the T1 value of blood caused by the effect of blood flow can be reduced. In imaging for parameter estimation, a magnetization transfer effect is suppressed by using a high frequency magnetic field pulse having a narrow frequency band as an excitation pulse. In a case where the frequency band is narrow, the high frequency magnetic field pulse has a shape in which the excitation profile is similar to a Gaussian function. A rising portion of the shape is arranged in a field of view where the head is an imaging target.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an MRI apparatus, which is wirelessly connected to a wireless RF coil equipped with a plurality of coil elements, includes memory circuitry configured to store at least one program and processing circuitry configured, by executing the at least one program, to (a) set an imaging region of an object, (b) identify a position of each of the plurality of coil elements included in the wireless RF coil based on a signal obtained by radio communication with the wireless RF coil, and (c) select at least one of the plurality of coil elements with respect to three axes, based on positional relationship between the imaging region and the position of each of the plurality of coil elements.

Abstract: An apparatus to provide power for operating at least one gradient coil of a magnetic resonance imaging system. According to some aspects, the apparatus comprises a plurality of power terminals configured to supply different voltages of a first polarity, and a linear amplifier configured to provide at least one output to power the at least one gradient coil to produce a magnetic field in accordance with a pulse sequence, the linear amplifier configured to be powered by one or more of the plurality of power terminals, wherein the one or more of the plurality of power terminals powering the linear amplifier is selected based, at least in part, on the at least one output.

Abstract: An apparatus to provide power for operating at least one gradient coil of a magnetic resonance imaging system. According to some aspects, the apparatus comprises a plurality of power terminals configured to supply different voltages of a first polarity, and a linear amplifier configured to provide at least one output to power the at least one gradient coil to produce a magnetic field in accordance with a pulse sequence, the linear amplifier configured to be powered by one or more of the plurality of power terminals, wherein the one or more of the plurality of power terminals powering the linear amplifier is selected based, at least in part, on the at least one output.

Abstract: The invention provides for a magnetic resonance imaging system (200, 300, 400) comprising a radio-frequency system (216, 214) comprising multiple coil elements (214) for acquiring magnetic resonance data (264). The magnetic resonance imaging system further comprises a memory (250) for storing machine executable instructions (260) and pulse sequence commands (262). The pulse sequence commands are configured for controlling the magnetic resonance imaging system to acquire the magnetic resonance data according to a SENSE imaging protocol. The magnetic resonance imaging system further comprises a processor (244) for controlling the magnetic resonance imaging system.

Abstract: In a method and magnetic resonance (MR) apparatus for creating an MR 3D image dataset, spin echo sequences are used to acquire two raw datasets that are each undersampled, wherein the excitation pulses or the refocusing pulses radiated in the data acquisitions have an opposite phase for the two raw datasets. These two raw datasets are combined into a combined 3D raw dataset that is not undersampled, and a weighting matrix is calculated for use in calculating the raw data points that were not acquired in the first raw dataset and the raw data points not acquired in the second raw dataset. A first complete raw dataset and second complete raw dataset are thereby calculated, which are then combined. The MR 3D data is then reconstructed from tis combined raw dataset.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging system includes an array radiofrequency coil and processing circuitry operatively linked to the array radiofrequency coil and configured to receive output signals from the array radiofrequency coil commensurate with a simultaneous multi-slice magnetic imaging characterized by simultaneous multi-slice parameters, estimate distorted regions of the image volume using either data obtained via a pre-scan or a pre-computed model, minimize overlap of the distorted regions with image voxels representing tissue to obtain optimized values of the simultaneous multi-slice parameters, configuring and executing the simultaneous multi-slice imaging sequence based on the optimized values of the simultaneous multi-slice parameters, and reconstruct simultaneous multi-slice images with minimized artifacts.

Abstract: A distance measuring device according to an embodiment includes a first device including a first transceiver configured to transmit a first known signal and a second known signal and receive a third known signal corresponding to the first known signal and a fourth known signal corresponding to the second known signal, a second device including a second transceiver configured to transmit the third known signal and the fourth known signal and receive the first and second known signals and a calculating section configured to calculate a distance between the first device and the second device on a basis of phases of the first to fourth known signals, and the first transceiver and the second transceiver transmit/receive the first and third known signals one time each and transmit/receive the second and fourth known signals one time each, performing transmission/reception a total of four times.

Abstract: An in-vehicle communication device includes a transmission controller configured to perform control so that a first signal is transmitted from outside and a predetermined second signal is transmitted from outside and inside, after the transmission of the first signal, and a determination unit configured to determine whether the terminal device is present outside or inside based on a first response signal that is transmitted from the terminal device after the transmission of the second signal. When the determination unit is unable to determine whether the terminal device is present outside or inside, the transmission controller is configured to perform control so that a third signal is transmitted from inside, and the determination unit is configured to determine whether the terminal device is present outside or inside based on a second response signal that is transmitted from the terminal device after the transmission of the third signal.

Abstract: The technology described in this document can be embodied in a radar system that employs pulse compression waveforms. In one aspect, a radar system includes a transmitter device and a receiver device, which are both configured to access a storage device. The storage device is configured to store a first sequence of values and a second sequence of values. The first sequence of values can represent phase values for a transmit waveform. The second sequence of values can represent complex values for a filter waveform. The first and second sequences of values are generated via a joint optimization process. An objective function of the first and second sequences is a weighted sum of metrics indicative of a sidelobe level of a simulated range response and frequency suppression of the transmit and filter waveforms outside and portions inside of a target bandwidth.

Abstract: A wireless system includes a local oscillator (LO) signal generation circuit, a receiver (RX) circuit, and a calibration circuit. The LO signal generation circuit generates an LO signal according to a reference clock. The LO signal generation circuit includes an active oscillator. The active oscillator generates the reference clock, wherein the active oscillator includes at least one active component, and does not include an electromechanical resonator. The RX circuit generates a down-converted RX signal by performing down-conversion upon an RX input signal according to the LO signal. The calibration circuit generates a frequency calibration control output according to a signal characteristic of the down-converted RX signal, and outputs the frequency calibration control output to the LO signal generation circuit. The LO signal generation circuit adjusts an LO frequency of the LO signal in response to the frequency calibration control output.

Abstract: A method for increasing the reliability of determining the position of a vehicle on the basis of a plurality of detection points is described, the plurality of detection points being acquired using a radio-based and/or an optical sensor system, in particular a radar system, of a vehicle receiving electromagnetic signals from a vicinity of the vehicle, and each of the plurality of detection point representing a location in the vicinity of the vehicle, wherein the method comprises for each detection point of at least a subset of the plurality of detection points: determining at least one geometrical object associated with the detection point; determining at least one group of detection points from the subset sharing the at least one geometrical object; determining a quantity of detection points in the at least one group; evaluating a weight which represents the quantity of detection points in the at least one group on a predefined scale, and processing the detection point with respect to the weight.

Abstract: An electronic circuit comprises at least one radiation-emitting element (2), a current regulator (12) with a current-producing terminal (O), and a measurement element (14) generating a signal (Vmes) that is representative of the current flowing therethrough. A switch (6) is controlled by a modulation signal (M) so as to open and close, successively, an electrical path passing through the current-producing terminal (O), the radiation-emitting element (2) and the measurement element (14). A conversion circuit (16) is further interposed between the measurement element (14) and the current regulator (12) so as to transform the representative signal (Vmes) into a smoothed signal (S) that is intended for a regulation terminal (Reg).

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical detection device (3) for arranging on an attached part (5, 7) of a motor vehicle (1) and for monitoring a region (4, 6) adjacent to the attached part (5, 7), with a transmitting apparatus (11) comprising a light source (13) and with a receiving apparatus (12) comprising a sensor (22). The transmitting apparatus (11) is designed to transmit light beams (18) along predetermined scanning directions (A1, A2, A3, A4) into the region (4, 6), and the receiving apparatus (12) is designed to receive the fractions (19) of the light beams (18) reflected in the region (4, 6).

Abstract: An optical set-up for a LiDAR system for the optical detection of a field of view, in particular for an operating device or for a vehicle, including an optical receiver system configured in segmented fashion having a—particularly uneven—plurality of optically projecting segments, in which the optically projecting segments of the optical receiver system are situated side by side.

Abstract: An airborne laser scanner configured to be arranged on an aircraft for surveying a target along a flight path. The airborne laser scanner comprises an emitter configured for emitting a plurality of consecutive laser pulses towards the ground surface, at least one optical element configured for deflecting the laser pulses along pulse paths towards the target, a motor configured for altering the pulse paths by moving the optical element, a receiver configured for receiving the laser pulses backscattered from the target, and a computer configured for controlling the emitter, the motor, and the receiver, for determining directions of the pulse paths, and for triggering the emitter to emit the laser pulses with a varying pulse spacing based on the directional component of the pulse paths in a horizontal direction perpendicular to a direction of the flight path.

Abstract: The bi-directional optical integrated circuit device array includes a plurality of bi-directional optical integrated circuit unit devices integrated on a substrate and arranged in two-dimensions. Each of the bi-directional optical integrated circuit unit devices includes a single wavelength laser light source integrated on the substrate, a bi-directional optical device integrated on the substrate and optically connected to the laser light source, and an antenna integrated on the substrate and optically connected to the bi-directional optical device.

Abstract: An exemplary imaging device includes an optical sensor having an optical axis, a lens positioned to focus light from a scene onto the optical sensor, a matrix of variable-phase optical elements that are dimensioned to introduce at least two different phase delays into a wavefront of a light signal received from the scene through the lens, a housing that secures the matrix of variable-phase optical elements between the optical sensor and the lens, and a processing subsystem programmed to determine a phase difference associated with the light signal based on the at least two different phase delays. Related systems and methods are also provided.

Abstract: A method and a fibre-optical system for illuminating and detecting an object by light includes in situ calibration of a fibre bundle and disturbance-corrected illumination or disturbance-corrected detection of an object, in particular for endoscopic and microscopic applications, and makes it possible to directly determine the single phase distortion of the light, caused by the transmission by the fibre bundle, in order to calibrate the fibre bundle, and thus provides a possibility for determining the system function of a fibre bundle that is improved compared with the prior art of measuring the double phase distortion. The system function is used for disturbance correction when illuminating or detecting the object.

Abstract: A method of forming a coherent acoustic beam in a marine environment includes directing each of a plurality of source nodes deployed in the marine environment to move in a respective stationary orbit, transmitting an acoustic source signal from each source node; operating a first control loop to adjust a position of each of the plurality of source nodes within the marine environment; and operating a second control loop to adjust characteristics of the acoustic source signals transmitted by each of the source nodes to form a coherent acoustic beam in the far field of a transmitting array formed by the plurality of source nodes. An acoustic beamforming system configured to operate in a marine environment is also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a system, device, and method for assisting a user to avoid contacting surfaces with their mobile device. An environment is sensed with one or more electronic sensors. The sensor readings are analyzed. Information is then provided to a user based on the analyzed sensor readings. The sensors may be configured so their sensor cones cross at a midpoint. Readings from the sensor(s) may be grouped according detection zone(s) corresponding to one or more areas about a mobile device. A computing module may control a feedback module according to detection zone readings. The feedback module may comprise an indicator for each detection zone. The indicator may be a vibration motor. The indicator may be a light. The computing module may set the colour of a light and/or control the vibrations based on the proximity of surfaces detected within the corresponding detection zone.

Abstract: A method of determining a distance from an object performed in an apparatus including a radar, the method including receiving a reflection signal produced by a transmission signal reflecting from the object, the transmission signal being modulated by a default code sequence; converting the reflection signal into a reflection code sequence; generating a subject correlation vector including at least one correlation between at least one assistance code sequence and the reflection code sequence; and determining a distance corresponding to the subject correlation vector by referencing a lookup table storing at least one reference correlation vector including at least one correlation between the at least one assistance code sequence and the default code sequence.

Abstract: An embodiment method includes identifying a set of targets within a field of view of a millimeter-wave radar sensor based on radar data received by the millimeter-wave radar sensor; capturing radar data corresponding to the set of targets across a macro-Doppler frame; performing macro-Doppler processing on the macro-Doppler frame and determining whether a macro-Doppler signal is present in the macro-Doppler frame based on the macro-Doppler processing; capturing radar data corresponding to the set of targets across a micro-Doppler frame, wherein the micro-Doppler frame has a duration equal to a first plurality of macro-Doppler frames; performing micro-Doppler processing on the micro-Doppler frame and determining whether a micro-Doppler signal is present in the micro-Doppler frame based on the micro-Doppler processing; and activating at least one range bin of a plurality of range bins in response to a determination that at least one of the macro-Doppler signal or the micro-Doppler signal is present.

Abstract: A radar system located on an antenna array mounted on a moving carrier and including plurality of antenna elements; a transmitter portion coupled to the antenna and configured to transmit a plurality of transmit beams, each including a corresponding orthogonal transmit waveform of a plurality of orthogonal transmit waveforms, each of the plurality of transmit beams having a transmit phase center spatially located at a respective point along the antenna array, the transmitter portion being configured to transmit each transmit beam during at least a portion of a pulse repetition interval, wherein the transmitter portion is configured to shift the transmit phase center of each transmit beam for each pulse repetition interval to a respective point along the antenna array in a direction opposite the movement of the carrier, such that a speed of the respective transmit phase center of each beam remains is reduced.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a data receiver with a unit for receiving sub-data packets, a unit for determining a phase difference and a unit for determining a distance difference. The unit for receiving sub-data packets is configured to receive at least two sub-data packets from a data transmitter, and to combine the at least two sub-data packets to obtain a data packet that is transmitted split into the at least two sub-data packets by the data transmitter, wherein each of the at least two sub-data packets is shorter than the data packet, wherein the unit for receiving sub-data packets is configured to receive the at least two sub-data packets on at least two different carrier frequencies. The unit for determining a phase difference is configured to determine a phase difference between the at least two sub-data packets that is caused by the at least two different carrier frequencies and the path delay.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of sensing illegal flight of a low-flying drone. Here, the method of sensing illegal flight includes: changing a direction of a beam on the basis of a preset period; and detecting an object by using the beam changed on the basis of the preset period. Here, the direction of the beam is changed on the basis of a first direction and a second direction. The first direction is changed on the basis of conversion of a center frequency, and the second direction is changed on the basis of a phase and a particular value.

Abstract: Method and apparatus is a handheld ground penetrating radar which transmits radar pulses and acquires and processes received data for presentation on a display allowing a user to identify buried targets. Novel low cost approach to portable high-resolution light weight penetrating imaging. Method and apparatus for a portable penetrating radar incorporating a display depicting permittivity variation versus distance and time as the medium is scanned.

Abstract: The methods and device disclosed herein provide an array such as a Radio Frequency (FR) antenna array for measuring the array movement or displacement of the array relative to a reference location. In some cases the array may be attached to or in communication with the device. The array comprises at least two transducers (e.g.

Abstract: A method for synthetic aperture radar signal processing includes storing signal responses of a radar signal in a memory buffer, wherein the stored signal responses are represented by a two-dimensional signal in an azimuth dimension and a range dimension. The method further includes frequency filtering the two-dimensional signal in the azimuth dimension. In addition, the method includes applying a Fourier transformation to the frequency filtered signal in the range dimension. The method further includes generating a synthetic aperture radar image based on the Fourier transformed frequency filtered signal.

Abstract: A cloud-based aircraft surveillance system builds a database and a comprehensive picture of objects flying in a region by combining the surveillance from a number of individual radar systems. The acquired surveillance data supports missions including air traffic control, military, and homeland security. The object being tracked may be a passenger or commercial aircraft, military aircraft, or a drone. An improved method includes the steps of defining a sequence of adjoining virtual cells through which an object travels along a flight path within the airspace. Each virtual cell uses a different subset of the spaced-apart radar sensors, with the sensors being selected to optimize tracking geometry. Information associated with the tracking of the object may then be displayed for air traffic control and other purposes. Sensors may be selected in accordance with overall availability, dilution of precision (DOP), positional error, object identification, or to optimize back-up data.

Abstract: An automotive testing method includes acquiring radar sensor data responsive to a radar excitation signal generated by a radar transmitting unit, forwarding the acquired radar sensor data to an electronic system of a radar receiving unit, generating radar data from the forwarded radar sensor data, and processing the radar data, wherein the step of acquiring radar sensor data includes generating synthetic radar data, the synthetic radar data being forwarded as radar sensor data to the electronic system of the radar receiving unit, where the synthetic radar data includes reflection signals, preferably all reflection signals, in a complex time series, that succeed each other and have the same temporal behavior within a synthetic period that lasts at least an order longer than a time period of the radar excitation signal.

Abstract: An ultrasound probe contains an array transducer and a microbeamformer coupled to elements of the array. The microbeamformer comprises analog to digital converters which convert received echo signals to digital echo signals, a plurality of digital delay circuits which produce a plurality of selectably delayed digital echo signals for a plurality of digital multiline echo signals, and a plurality of digital summers which combine the selectably delayed digital echo signals to produce a plurality of digital multiline echo signals in response to a single transmit event.

Abstract: Multiple independently movable devices are located upon a platform. On the platform is a directional microphone array. Each of the movable devices is assigned a unique audio signature, which may be a pulse train of chirps or a pseudo random signal or some other audio sequence that is unique to the respective device. Each movable device announces itself with its unique audio signature, and the platform's directional microphone system determines the location from which the unique audio signature comes from. For range, a difference between the time of flight (TOF) of the light relative to the sound signature is used. As another technique a unique audio signature may be an audio water mark concealed in normal audio which may be emitted by the movable device. The watermark provides the identifying information of each movable device.

Abstract: A device for estimating a degree of freedom for movement includes a memory, and a processor coupled to the memory and the processor configured to acquire first three-dimensional information of a target object at a first time and second three-dimensional information of the target object at a second time, specify a movable portion of the target object according to a difference between the first three-dimensional information and the second three-dimensional information, estimate the degree of freedom for movement of the movable portion included in the target object according to displacement of the movable portion between the first three-dimensional information and the second three-dimensional information, and assign degree of freedom information for indicating the degree of freedom for movement to a three-dimensional model for representing the target object, based on the estimated degree of freedom for movement of the movable portion.

Abstract: An illustrative example sensor device includes a plurality of range finders that each have an emitter configured to emit a selected type of radiation and a detector configured to detect the selected type of radiation reflected from an object. A plurality of cameras are configured to generate an image of an object based upon receiving the selected type of radiation from the object. A processor is configured to determine a distance between the sensor device and an object based on at least two of the images, wherein the images are each from a different camera.