Abstract: The present invention relates to a bacterial strain, Streptomyces psammoticus OMK-4, and a method for vanillin production by fermentation of the bacterial strain. The method of the fermentation includes the following steps: activating the strain, culturing the seed, fermenting, extracting and so on. This method using ferulic acid as one of the raw materials to produce vanillin through microbial fermentation is safe and environmentally friendly.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing ?-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by culturing specific myxobacterial stains and myxobacterial strains suitable for said method.

Abstract: Isolated oxidases, isolated polynucleotides encoding the oxidases, and methods of using the oxidases to produce ?-oxocarboxylic acid compounds or L-?-amino acid compounds are described.

Abstract: The application discloses a method for producing an oligosaccharide of at least four monosaccharide units, advantageously an HMO, particularly an HMO of only four monosaccharide units, said method comprising a step of: culturing, in a culture medium containing a fucosylated, sialylated or N-acetyl-glucosaminylated lactose trisaccharide as acceptor, a genetically modified cell having a recombinant gene that encodes an enzyme capable of modifying said acceptor or one of the necessary intermediates in the biosynthetic pathway of the oligosaccharide of at least four monosaccharide units, advantageously an HMO, particularly an HMO of only four monosaccharide units, from said acceptor.

Abstract: The invention relates to recombinant microorganisms and methods for producing steviol glycosides, glycosylated ent-kaurenol, and glycosylated ent-kaurenoic acid.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for reducing the antigenicity of molecules. The antigenicity of a molecule may be reduced or eliminated by conjugating at least one branched polymer to the molecule to form a molecule-polymer conjugate. The branched polymer may include a backbone and a plurality of side chains, each side chain covalently attached to the backbone.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for providing test strip electrochemical sensors for rapid quantitative analysis of analytes in physiological fluids. In one aspect, an electrochemical sensor includes a substrate; an electrode contingent including a first electrode having a coating of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and a second electrode on the substrate; and an entrapment layer formed on the first electrode to attach an enzymatic substance capable of causing a redox reaction in the presence of a target analyte of a fluid sample which produces a redox-active product, in which the entrapment layer is structured to include a conductive polymer film that is reversibly dopable to conduct charge carriers across the entrapment layer and at the first electrode. For example, the electrochemical sensor can be provided on a disposable test strip to quantify L-DOPA levels in whole blood, plasma, or serum samples.

Abstract: A device and method for detecting bacteria in a sample can include an optically transparent substrate and a phage that is known to react with the bacteria being detected. The phage can be tagged with a fluorescent tag such as DAPI or SBYR® Gold cyanine dye. Once fluorescently tagged, the phage-substrate combination can be illuminated with a light source, at a wavelength that corresponds to an excitation wavelength for the fluorescent tag to establish a baseline intensity for the device. The device can then be exposed to the sample and illuminated to establish a test intensity. The bacteria to be detected can be deemed as being present if the test intensity is less than the baseline intensity.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for determining the amount or activity of one or more luciferases and methods for measuring the luminescent signal generated by one or more luciferases in a sample, the methods comprising incubating the sample with a reactive substrate(s) of the luciferase(s) to be analyzed and a reducing agent to inactivate a first luciferase, wherein the first luciferase, in its native form, is a secreted luciferase.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to compositions for maximizing capture of affinity-labeled molecules on solid supports. The disclosed methods and compositions were developed to maximize depletion of ribosomal RNA from total RNA samples, which is useful to improve the quality of RNA preparations used for applications such as massively parallel sequencing. The RNA depletion method is based on using long affinity-labeled RNA molecules that are complementary to all or part of the target ribosomal RNAs, as subtractive hybridization probes.

Abstract: Methods and systems for processing polynucleotides (e.g., DNA) are disclosed. A processing region includes one or more surfaces (e.g., particle surfaces) modified with ligands that retain polynucleotides under a first set of conditions (e.g., temperature and pH) and release the polynucleotides under a second set of conditions (e.g., higher temperature and/or more basic pH). The processing region can be used to, for example, concentrate polynucleotides of a sample and/or separate inhibitors of amplification reactions from the polynucleotides. Microfluidic devices with a processing region are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention enables in situ genomic and transcriptomic assessment of nucleic acids to be conducted in biological specimens that have been physically expanded. The invention leverages the techniques for expansion microscopy (ExM) to provide new methods for in situ genomic and transcriptomic assessment of nucleic in a new process referred to herein as “expansion fluorescent in situ hybridization” (ExFISH).

Abstract: The description provides two-stage methods of nucleic acid amplification and detection reactions, which are useful for rapid pathogen detection or disease diagnosis. In particular, the description provides a method comprising a first-stage slow rate amplification reaction followed by a plurality of second-stage fast rate amplification reactions that are simultaneously monitored in real-time, and wherein a rapid rate of amplification is indicative of the presence of a site of interest.

Abstract: A method of quantitatively and qualitatively analyzing a biomaterial in real-time, the method comprising preparing a device for detecting a biomaterial, feeding a complex of first and second probes, a forward primer, a reverse primer, a sample comprising deoxynucleotide triphosphate, a polymerase having exonuclease activity, and a sample comprising target genes, and a reaction solution comprising a buffer into the reaction container, performing polymerase chain reaction comprising denaturation of the target genes in the sample, hybridization of the target genes, the complex, and the forward and reverse primers in the sample, and elongation of the primers through the polymerase having exonuclease activity, allowing for elongation of the second probe on the third probe by the polymerase after hybridizing the released second probe and the third probe fixed to the biochip, detecting a first fluorescence signal by the first phosphor and a second fluorescence signal by the second phosphor.

Abstract: A reaction container includes a base material, an analysis well in which a nucleic acid analysis reagent used for a nucleic acid analysis is positioned, the analysis well being arranged on the base material and configured to analyze a sample containing a nucleic acid, and a quantification well in which a quantification reagent configured to specifically detect the nucleic acid is positioned, the quantification well being arranged on the base material and configured to quantify an amount of the nucleic acid contained in the sample, in which the nucleic acid contained in the sample is distributed into the quantification well and the analysis well.

Abstract: Techniques, methods, devices, and compositions are disclosed that are useful in identifying and sequencing natural and synthetic, and modified and unmodified DNA, RNA, PNA, DNA/RNA nucleotides. The disclosed techniques, methods, devices, and compositions are useful in identifying various modifications, DNA/RNA damage, and nucleotide structure, using nanoelectronic quantum tunneling spectroscopy, which may be referred to as QM-Seq. The methods and compositions can include the use of a charged, smooth substrate for deposition of single stranded nucleotides and polynucleotide macromolecules, scanning the modified or unmodified DNA/RNA/PNA, comparing the electronic signatures of an unknown nucleobase against a database of electronic fingerprints of known nucleobases, including natural and synthetic, modified and unmodified nucleobases, and secondary/tertiary structure, obtained under the same or similar conditions, for example where the nucleobase is in an acidic environment.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for characterizing a target polynucleotide, including, characterizing the sequence of the target polynucleotide, using the fractional translocation steps of the target polynucleotide's translocation through a pore.

Abstract: Compositions, systems, and methods for detecting events are provided. A composition can include a nanopore including a first side, a second side, and an aperture extending through the first and second sides; and a permanent tether including head and tail regions and an elongated body disposed therebetween. The head region can be anchored to or adjacent to the first or second side of the nanopore. The elongated body including a reporter region can be movable within the aperture responsive to a first event occurring adjacent to the first side of the nanopore. For example, the reporter region is translationally movable toward the first side responsive to the first event, then toward the second side, then toward the first side responsive to a second event. The first event can include adding a first nucleotide to a polynucleotide. The second event can include adding a second nucleotide to the polynucleotide.

Abstract: The present invention is related to genomic nucleotide sequencing. In particular, the invention describes a single reaction method to co-amplify multiple subsequences of a nucleic acid fragment sequence (i.e., for example, at least two read pairs from a single library insert sequence). Nucleic acid fragment sequences may include, but are not limited to, localizing library insert sequences and/or unique read pair sequences in specific orientations on a single emulsion polymerase chain reaction bead. Methods may include, but are not limited to, annealing, melting, digesting, and/or reannealing high throughput sequencing primers to high throughput sequencing primer binding sites. The compositions and methods disclosed herein contemplate sequencing complex genomes, amplified genomic regions, as well as detecting chromosomal structural rearrangements that are compatible with massively parallel high throughput sequencing platforms as well as ion semiconductor matching sequencing platforms (i.e.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a plurality of nucleic acid sequences comprising multiple variants of a reference sequence. The disclosure further provides plasmids, cells, methods and kits comprising the same.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions to detect expression of one or more biomarkers for identifying and treating patients who are likely to be responsive to VEGF antagonist therapy. The invention also provides kits and articles of manufacture for use in the methods.

Abstract: Analysis of tumor-derived circulating cell-free DNA opens up new possibilities for performing liquid biopsies for solid tumor assessment or cancer screening. However, many aspects of the biological characteristics of tumor-derived cell-free DNA remain unclear. Regarding the size profile of plasma DNA molecules, some studies reported increased integrity of tumor-derived plasma DNA while others reported shorter tumor-derived plasma DNA molecules. We performed an analysis of the size profiles of plasma DNA in patients with cancer using massively parallel sequencing at single base resolution and in a genomewide manner. Tumor-derived plasma DNA molecules were further identified using chromosome arm-level z-score analysis (CAZA). We showed that populations of aberrantly short and long DNA molecules co-existed in the plasma of patients with cancer. The short ones preferentially carried the tumor-associated copy number aberrations. These results show the ability to use plasma DNA as a molecular diagnostic tool.

Abstract: The invention provides oncogenomic methods for detecting tumors by identifying circulating tumor DNA. A patient-specific reference directed acyclic graph (DAG) represents known human genomic sequences and non-tumor DNA from the patient as well as known tumor-associated mutations. Sequence reads from cell-free plasma DNA from the patient are mapped to the patient-specific genomic reference graph. Any of the known tumor-associated mutations found in the reads and any de novo mutations found in the reads are reported as the patient's tumor mutation burden.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gene expression panel that can be used to predict prostate cancer (PCa) progression. Some embodiments provide methods for predicting clinical recurrence of PCa. Some embodiments provide a method for predicting progression of prostate cancer in an individual, the method comprising: (a) receiving expression levels of a collection of signature genes from a biological sample taken from said individual, wherein said collection of signature genes comprises at least two genes selected from the group consisting of: NKX2-1, UPK1A, ADRA2C, ABCC11, MMP11, CPVL, ZYG11A, CLEC4F, OAS2, PGC, UPK3B, PCBP3, ABLIM1, EDARADD, GPR81, MYBPC1, F10, KCNA3, GLDC, KCNQ2, RAPGEF1, TUBB2B, MB, DUOXA1, C2orf43, DUOX1, PCA3 and NPR3; (b) applying the expression levels to a predictive model relating expression levels of said collection of signature genes with prostate cancer progression; and (c) evaluating an output of said predictive model to predict progression of prostate cancer in said individual.

Abstract: The invention described in the application relates to a long non-coding RNA expressed in cancer. The invention thus provides methods and compositions for evaluating levels of the long non-coding RNA to assess the aggressiveness of a cancer and for modulating levels of the long non-coding RNA.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for diagnosing and determining prognosis of gastric cancer in a subject by detecting suppressed expression of the REC8 gene, which in some cases is due to elevated methylation level in the genomic sequence of this gene. A kit and device useful for such a method are also provided. In addition, the present invention provides a method for treating gastric cancer by increasing REC8 gene expression or activity. Lastly, a highly sensitive and accurate detection method is provided for rapid determination of REC8 gene methylation status.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for identifying Wuzhishan miniature pig inbred line by using 145 SNPs. The method for auxiliarily identifying whether a pig to be tested is Wuzhishan miniature pig inbred line, provided by the present invention, comprises the following steps: testing genotypes based on 145 SNP sites of the pig to be tested; if all standards of (1) to (145) are satisfied, the pig to be tested is a candidate for Wuzhishan miniature pig inbred line; if all the standards of the above (1) to (145) are not satisfied, the pig to be tested is a candidate for non-Wuzhishan miniature pig inbred line.

Abstract: Methods of diagnosing and treating patients afflicted with acne, including diagnosing one as having acne if the individual possesses RT4, RT5, RT7, RT8, RT9, or RT10. Methods for treating acne include administering an effective amount of a drug specifically targeting RT4, RT5, RT7, RT8, RT9, or RT10, such as small molecules, antisense molecules, siRNAs, biologics, antibodies, phages, vaccines, or combination thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for identifying and/or classifying microbes using one or more single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) of prokaryotes and/or one or more SNPs in 5.8S ribosomal RNA (5.8S rRNA) of eukaryotes. Also disclosed are probes, primers and kits that are useful in those methods. Methods for the diagnosis of sepsis based upon these SNPs are also disclosed.

Abstract: All of a cast-iron or cast-copper stave cooler's weight is supported inside a furnace containment shell by single gas-tight steel collar on the backside. All the coolant piping in each cooler has every external connection collected and routed together through the one steel collar. A wear protection barrier is disposed on the hot face. Such is limited to include at least one of horizontal rows of ribs and channels that retain metal inserts or refractory bricks, or pockets that assist in the retention of castable cement and/or accretions frozen in place from a melt, or an application of an area of hardfacing that is welded on in bead, crosshatch, or weave pattern.

Abstract: A method and device for producing a press-quenched part having a rim hole with a collar formed at the periphery of the rim hole includes inserting a temperature-controlled die into the rim hole of the part. The temperature of the temperature-controlled die is controlled such that the temperature of the part in a region of the collar is held above the martensite start temperature of the material from which the part is made. While the temperature of the collar is being held above the martensite start temperature, the remainder of the part is press quenched.

Abstract: Processes for producing continuous bulk forms of iron-silicon alloys and bulk forms produced thereby. Such a bulk form is continuous in a longitudinal direction thereof and has a continuous cross-sectional form transverse to the longitudinal direction. The bulk form is formed of an Fe—Si alloy and has a crystallographic texture that comprises <111> and {110} fibers that are inclined relative to the longitudinal direction. The bulk form may be produced by a process that includes deforming a solid body formed of an Fe—Si alloy with a cutting tool in a single step to continuously produce a continuous bulk form from material obtained from the solid body.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bainite-containing-type high-strength hot-rolled steel sheet. The steel sheet, containing C: greater than 0.07 to 0.2%, Si: 0.001 to 2.5%, Mn: 0.01 to 4%, P: 0.15% or less, S: 0.03% or less, N: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.001 to 2% and a balance being composed of Fe and impurities, has an average value of pole densities of the {100}<011> to {223}<110> orientation group at a sheet thickness center portion being a range of ? to ? in sheet thickness from the surface of the steel sheet is 4.0 or less, and a pole density of the {332}<113> crystal orientation is 4.8 or less, an average crystal grain diameter is 10 ?m or less and vTrs is ?20° C. or lower, and a microstructure is composed of 35% or less in a structural fraction of pro-eutectoid ferrite and a balance of a low-temperature transformation generating phase.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a low alloy steel ingot, the method including a) melting all or part of an electrode by a vacuum arc remelting method, the electrode, before melting, including iron and carbon, the melted portion of the electrode being collected in a crucible, thus forming a melt pool within the crucible; and b) solidifying the melt pool by heat exchange between the melt pool and a cooling fluid, the heat exchange applied serving to impose a mean solidification speed during step b) that is less than or equal to 45 ?m/s and to obtain an ingot of low alloy steel.

Abstract: A smelting method capable of obtaining an iron-nickel alloy having a high nickel grade of 4% or higher by effectively facilitating a reduction reaction of pellets formed using a nickel oxide ore as a raw material. The present invention is a method for smelting a nickel oxide ore, by which an iron-nickel alloy is obtained by forming pellets from a nickel oxide ore and reducing and heating the pellets. In the pellet production step S1, a mixture is obtained by mixing raw materials that contain at least a nickel oxide ore and a carbonaceous reducing agent. In the reduction step S2, a furnace floor carbonaceous reducing agent is laid on the floor of the smelting furnace in advance when placing the obtained pellets in the smelting furnace and the pellets are placed on the furnace floor carbonaceous reducing agent and then reduced and heated.

Abstract: A single-phase alloy is formed, as weight percentages, of N % of gold, M % of tungsten, with N+M=100, M?8 and N?60. Also disclosed is a process for preparing such an alloy use of such an alloy and decorative sheets made from such an alloy.

Abstract: A copper-zinc alloy having the following composition (in % by weight): from 67.0 to 69.0% of Cu, from 0.4 to 0.6% of Si, from 1.2 to 1.6% of Mn, from 0.03 to 0.06% of P, optionally up to a maximum of 0.5% of Al, optionally up to a maximum of 0.15% of Ni, optionally up to a maximum of 0.1% of Fe, optionally up to a maximum of 0.1% of Pb, optionally up to a maximum of 0.08% of Sn, optionally up to a maximum of 0.1% of S, balance Zn and unavoidable impurities. The alloy has a microstructure which consists of an ?-phase matrix in which inclusions of manganese silicides having a globular shape are present in a proportion of at least 2% by volume and not more than 5% by volume.

Abstract: One or more substitutional elements may be used to reduce the solution treatment temperature and required quench rates for hardening of 60-NITINOL. The advantages of modified NITINOL include that less energy is consumed during the heat treatment process, the material is subjected to less thermal distortion, and less machining is required. Modified NITINOL may have adequate hardness for bearing applications and may display highly elastic behavior.

Abstract: A method and alloys for low pressure permanent mold casting without a coating are disclosed. The method includes preparing a permanent mold casting die that is devoid of die coating or lubrication along the die surface, preparing a permanent mold casting alloy, pushing the alloy into the die under low pressure, cooling the permanent mold casting, and removing the casting from the die. One alloy has 4.5-11.5% by weight silicon; 0.45% by weight maximum iron; 0.20-0.40% by weight manganese; 0.045-0.110% by weight strontium; 0.05-5.0% by weight copper; 0.01-0.70% by weight magnesium; and the balance aluminum. Another alloy has 4.2-5.0% by weight copper; 0.005-0.45% by weight iron; 0.20-0.50% by weight manganese; 0.15-0.35% by weight magnesium; 0.045-0.110% by weight strontium; 0.50% by weight maximum nickel; 0.10% by weight maximum silicon; 0.15-0.30% by weight titanium; 0.05% by weight maximum tin; 0.10% by weight maximum zinc; and the balance aluminum.

Abstract: An anodized aluminum alloy sheet exhibits excellent surface quality without showing a band-like streak pattern and is formed from a 5000 series aluminum alloy sheet that includes 1.0 to 6.0 mass % of Mg, wherein the concentration of Mg in a solid-solution state that is present in an outermost surface area of the aluminum alloy sheet varies in the widthwise direction of the aluminum alloy sheet in the form of a band having a width of 0.05 mm or more, and the difference in the concentration of Mg between adjacent bands is 0.20 mass % or less.

Abstract: A nanocomposite comprising metal and carbon-based nanotube (CNT), wherein the carbon-based nanotube comprises a doping element selected from the group consisting of boron (B), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), tin (Sn), antimony (Sb), Nitrogen (N) and the combination thereof, and methods of making the nanocomposite.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high entropy alloy having more improved mechanical properties by controlling contents of additive elements in a NiCoFeMnCr 5-element alloy to control stacking fault energy, thereby controlling stability of a ? austenite phase to control a transformation mechanism, wherein the stacking fault energy is controlled in a composition range of NiaCobFecMndCre (a+b+c+d+e=100, 1?a?50, 1?b?50, 1?c?50, 1?d?50, 10?e?25, and 77a?42b?22c+73d?100e+2186?1500), and thus, the ? austenite phase exhibits a twin-induced plasticity (TWIP) property or a transformation induced-plasticity (TRIP) property in which the ? austenite phase is subjected to phase transformation into an ? martensite phase or an ?? martensite phase, under stress, thereby having improved strength and elongation at the same time to have excellent mechanical properties.

Abstract: A linear evaporation source and a deposition apparatus having the same are disclosed. In one aspect, the linear evaporation source includes i) a crucible being open on one side thereof and configured to store a deposition material and ii) a plurality of partitions dividing an internal space of the crucible, wherein each of the partitions has at least one opening in a lower portion thereof. The source further includes i) a nozzle section located on the open side of the crucible and comprising a plurality of nozzles, ii) a heater configured to heat the crucible and iii) a housing configured to accommodate the crucible, the nozzle section, and the heater.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to deposition techniques using laser ablation. In one aspect, an optical fiber and target of a material to be deposited on a first region of an interior surface of a hollow component are positioned in the hollow component. A first end of the optical fiber is coupled to a laser system. A second end of the optical fiber is proximate the target. The material is deposited on the first region of the interior surface of the hollow component by directing a first laser pulse from the laser system through the optical fiber to impinge on the target.

Abstract: The present invention provides a Cr-rich cathodic arc coating, an article in turbine blade coated with the chromizing over cathodic arc coating, and a method to produce the coating thereof. The Cr-rich cathodic arc coating in the present invention comprises a cathodic arc coating and a diffusion coating deposited atop the cathodic arc coating to enforce hot corrosion resistance. The hardware coated with the chromizing over cathodic arc coating in the present invention is reinforced with superior-hot corrosion resistance. The present invention further provides a novel method for producing the chromizing over cathodic arc coating by re-sequencing coating deposition order. The method in the present invention is efficient and cost-reducing by eliminating some operations, e.g., DHT and peening, between the cathodic arc coating and the diffusion coating. The hot corrosion resistance in the present invention results from the high Cr content in the surface of the coating.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for diffusing precursors into polymer substrates, including methods of chemically modifying polymeric materials by static, low-pressure infiltration of reactive gaseous molecules.

Abstract: Methods are provided for deposition of films comprising manganese on surfaces using metal coordination complexes comprising an amidoimino-based ligand. Certain methods comprise exposing a substrate surface to a manganese precursor, and exposing the substrate surface to a co-reagent.

Abstract: An exhaust apparatus using a gas curtain instead of a mechanical opening/closing structure is provided. The exhaust apparatus includes: a first region; a second region connected to the first region; a third region connected to the first region; and a first gas line connected to the second region, wherein when gas is supplied to the first gas line, the first region does not communicate with the second region but communicates with the third region.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a substrate processing apparatus, and more particularly, a substrate processing apparatus that is capable of improving process uniformity on an entire surface of a substrate. The substrate processing apparatus includes a substrate boat in which a substrate is loaded, a reaction tube in which a processing process for the substrate loaded in the substrate boat is performed, a gas supply unit configured to supply a process gas into the reaction tube through an injection nozzle disposed on one side of the reaction tube, a heating unit including a plurality of vertical heating parts, which are disposed along a circumference of the reaction tube outside the reaction tube and configured to divide the circumference to the reaction tube into a plurality of portions so as to independently heat each of the divided portions of the reaction tube, and a control unit configured to control the heating unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aluminum compound represented by general formula (I). The present invention also relates to a thin film-forming raw material that contains this aluminum compound. In general formula (I), R1 and R2 each independently denote a straight chain or branched alkyl group having 2-5 carbon atoms, and R3 denotes a methyl group or ethyl group. It is preferable for R1 and R2 to be ethyl groups. This compound has a low melting point, exhibits satisfactory volatility, has high thermal stability, and is suitable for use as a raw material used to form a thin film by a CVD method.