Abstract: A magnetic positioning light-emitting toy block includes a body, a light source mounted in the body, and an electrical conduction mechanism mounted in the body and including magnetic conducting columns extended out of one side of the body and electrically connected to the light sources and conducting plates extended out of an opposite side of the body and electrically connected to the light source. Thus, when inserting the magnetic conducting columns of one magnetic positioning light-emitting toy block into the body of another magnetic positioning light-emitting toy block, the magnetic conducting columns of one magnetic positioning light-emitting toy block are secured to the conducting plates of the other magnetic positioning light-emitting toy block by magnetic attraction and simultaneously electrically connected thereto.

Abstract: An interlocking rotatable assembly includes multiple interlocking pieces. Each of the interlocking pieces has a disk, a center hole formed through a center of the disk, a mounting slit radially formed in a peripheral edge of the disk, two arms, and two engaging protrusions. The arms parallelly protrude from the peripheral edge of the disk and are oppositely disposed beside the mounting slit. The engaging protrusions protrude from the arms respectively. No undercut is formed on each of the interlocking pieces. Therefore, only a female die and a male die are needed when manufacturing the interlocking pieces by injection molding process. Molds and manufacturing process for manufacturing the interlocking piece are simplified. Accordingly, mold cost and manufacturing cost of the interlocking piece are reduced, and defect-free rate of the interlocking piece can be increased.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bucking chute with side panels that include clearance portions adjacent to the legs of a rider of a rodeo animal. The clearance portions provide clearance space for the legs of the rider in order to reduce the likelihood of injury to the rider while the rider is mounted on the rodeo animal in the chute prior to the start of the rodeo event.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating purified liquid from an input liquid, comprises, an evaporation chamber flooded with the input liquid and wherein the evaporation chamber generates saturated gases and comprises a shared wall with the condensation chamber and wherein the evaporation chamber is configured to generate evaporation cavities and condensation cavities on respective sides of the shared wall for a 2-phase counter flow of a liquid phase component and a gaseous phase component in composite flows for a 2-phase to 2-phase direct latent heat exchange. A condensation chamber has channels disposed in the input liquid, wherein liquid-saturated gases are generated therefrom in the evaporation chamber. The apparatus is operated as a four-port counter-flow heat exchanger where two different fluids are exchanging heat based on the inlet ports of both fluids being on opposite sides and the outlet ports of both fluids are also on opposite sides of the evaporator and condenser.

Abstract: High efficiency seawater evaporation apparatus comprises showering unit installed at the saltpan; and evaporation rope module wherein multiple evaporation ropes are collected in group by the holder and the respective evaporation modules are extended along the upper and lower direction in the state each other separated in a predetermined interval and wherein, when the seawater is supplied to the respective evaporation ropes by the showering unit, the seawater may flow down along the surface of the respective evaporation ropes and the evaporation of the seawater may be accelerated.

Abstract: The insert (20) is adapted to be fitted into an atomizer wheel. Each insert (20) has a longitudinal axis and comprises an inner end face (21), an outer end face (22), an external surface (23) and an internal surface (24) defining a channel (35) having a center axis (c) and extending between an inlet (25) at the inner end face (21) and an outlet (26) at the outer end face (22). At least the inlet (25) is offset from the longitudinal axis such that the center axis of the channel (35) is offset from the longitudinal axis of the insert (20). The insert (20) is adapted to be utilized in an atomizer wheel for a spray dryer for atomizing slurries of abrasive material, for instance for spray drying absorption for flue gas cleaning.

Abstract: A valve-tray assembly and method for lighter fluid heavier fluid contact towers. The active area of the tray is constructed with valves having multiple lighter fluid discharge areas facilitating improved mass transfer efficiency. The valves include first and second support legs oriented in line with the heavier fluid flow with both legs and the valve top constructed with apertures wherein the heavier fluid may flow into engagement with the lighter fluid passing from beneath the tray up, through and out of the valve.

Abstract: A cold trap has multiple interior spaces formed within one unit such that a vacuum pump pulls only dry air and distillate substantially fully or fully condenses and drops out of the bottom of the device. Laminar flow through a side portal is converted into turbulent flow in a cooling region around a conical cold glass or other inert protrusion. The only other portal of the cooling region is a bottom portal such that though there is vacuum suction, vapors only exit through the bottom portal after condensing and falling through an outer section while dry air is pulled upwards to an upper vacuum portal.

Abstract: An extraction and separation method separating a specific component from a raw material fluid using an extraction device including plural stages of extraction units connected sequentially. The extraction and separation method includes: extracting the specific component into an extraction solvent having a difference in specific gravity with respect to that raw material fluid from the raw material fluid while causing the raw material fluid and the extraction solvent to flow in a state of contact with each other in the extraction units for each stage; introducing at least part of the fluid discharged from an extraction unit to the next stage extraction unit in a state wherein the raw material fluid and the extraction solvent are mixed; and a final separation separating the raw material fluid, after the specific component has been extracted in the fluid discharged from the extraction unit in a final stage, and the extraction solvent that has extracted the specific component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the determination of chromatography conditions for the separation of a biomolecule from a liquid sample, which method comprises selecting a number of experiments using design of experiments (DoE); performing said experiments with in-line conditioning of orthogonal quality measures; and based on the results from the experiments, determining efficient chromatography conditions for said biomolecule. The invention also relates to a system for performing the method as well as a computer program and an instrument comprising such a computer program.

Abstract: A separator (e.g. an impact centrifugal separator) is for use in collection of liquid portions of a bi-phasic flowstream in a supercritical fluid system. A separator chamber defines an interior space, surrounded by a spiral channel and that has an exit at a lower portion of the separator chamber. A flowstream director (e.g. an entry lube) focuses the flowstream so that the flowstream impacts a wail of the spiral channel at an angle that promotes coalescence of the liquid component. The spiral channel may promote further coalescence of the liquid portions within the constraining spiral channel after impact. A central director may be included in the interior space of the separator chamber to promote flow of the gaseous component toward the exit. A dripper may be included in fluid communication with the spiral channel, for example, in the exit and to direct the coalesced liquid into a collection vessel.

Abstract: An oily waste treatment array (23) is described, for use in a Marpol plant, allows the separation of low and high-flash-point material into high-flash-point dehydrated recovered oil, cleaned water, and solids, that can be operated in an urban environment. This can be achieved due to the coupling of six constituent devices, linked within the confines (28) of the sealed array (23), that enables odor control, and due to the unique treatment (30), prior to the centrifuge array (31). The pre-treatment array (30) allows the treatment of emulsified mixtures, optimizing the use of chemical additives, by use of an external-flow-array, that is thermally coupled and integrated within the overall array, that features an external circulation heating/stirring loop, in and out of an inclined and contracting tank (20), a ‘stirring region’ (41) and a series of three dimensional injection nozzles (9), making up a ‘dendrite’ structure (10).

Abstract: A separation system for the removal of suspended solids from raw fluid. Raw fluid is placed in a non-pressurized settling tank and allowed to partially settle before injection into a pressurized clarification vessel. Following a dwell period clarified fluid is discharged at the top of the clarification vessel and settled waste is removed at the bottom thereof. Constant vessel pressure is maintained during injection of raw fluid or the discharge of clarified fluid or settled waste. The system is simpler to manufacture and more efficacious in its use than prior art methods.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing impurities from water and/or wastewater and a method of installing a fluid distribution system in the apparatus. In the most preferred form of the invention, the fluid distribution system is an air scour system for directing air through the filter bed to assist in cleaning of the filter bed to remove impurities trapped in the filter bed during a service run. In the most preferred form, the method of installing the fluid distribution system in the filter bed is performed by imparting a force to the filter bed to permit the fluid distribution system to be installed in the filter bed without removing media. The fluid distribution system is preferably configured to permit the fluid distribution system to be readily installed in the filter bed and at an optimum orientation.

Abstract: A nozzle is disclosed for use within a filter for inputting a jetting stream into the filter media to clean the filter media. The nozzle comprises an inlet for communication with a jetting stream source, and a plurality of plates stacked parallel and abutting one another. The plurality of plates comprises at least a top plate and a bottom plate, one of the plates having an aperture through the center thereof for receiving the jetting stream, wherein between adjacent plates at least one space is provided extending from the outside edge of the plates to the interior of plates and in fluid communication with the aperture for channeling the jetting stream radially outward from and substantially parallel with the longitudinal plane of the plate.

Abstract: A filter core and manufacturing method thereof, the manufacturing method has the following steps: adhering a wavy filtering sheet and a flat filtering sheet, pressing the filtering sheets, and rolling the filtering sheets. A part of peaks of the wavy filtering sheet are pressed to lean toward a same side. In particular, two sides of a first end sealing adhesive layer are pressed. Thus, the first end sealing adhesive layer is concentrated, such that the glue is uniformly spread to the two sides. Besides, the pressing on the two sides makes the two sides of the first end sealing adhesive layer adhered securely, thereby preventing the wavy filtering sheet from rebounding upward and forming bubbles. Thus, the first end sealing adhesive layer can be formed with less quantity of glue, which accelerating the cooling and raises manufacture efficiency.

Abstract: A pumped or gravity flow rotating drum screen removes unwanted solids from a flowing fluid. The drum screen may comprise: a housing having a fluid inlet end, a solid discharge end and an area between the two ends, the fluid inlet permitting a flow of influent containing unwanted solids into a hollow portion of a drum screen positioned lengthwise in the area between the two ends of the housing, the screen comprising a filter medium that retains at least a portion of the unwanted solids within the hollow portion of the drum screen and which produces a liquid effluent that is discharged from an outer surface of the drum screen, the retained solids being removable via the solid discharge end; a drive assembly configured to rotate the drum screen about an axis running the length of the drum screen; and one or more stabilization pad assemblies in contact with one or more rings circumscribing the outer surface of the drum screen at one or more locations.

Abstract: A filter unit, or more specifically, a filter box for a chip conveyor for conveying cutting chips that are produced in the operation of a machine tool, such as a lathe or the like. More specifically, the exemplary filter unit has at least one internally located brush that is used for removing different types of chips contained in a coolant fluid and/or cutting oil used in machine tools during metal working through mechanical brushing and jolting the surface of the filtration element(s) of the filter unit. A chip conveyor and a method of filtering cutting fluid in a filtering chip conveyor is also disclosed.

Abstract: A filter element is provided according to the present invention. The filter element includes: (a) a media pack arrangement having first and second opposite ends, said media pack arrangement comprising: (i) an inner liner defining a safety central open volume; (ii) a multilayer laminate media construction circumscribing the inner liner and having a first end and a second end, wherein the multilayer laminate media construction comprises: (A) a filtration media layer arranged in a waved configuration, wherein the filtration media layer has a first side and a second side; (B) a first fibrous support layer adjacent the first side of the filtration media layer arranged in the waved configuration; (b) a first end cap at the first end of the media pack arrangement; said first end cap having a central aperture in flow communication with said safety central open volume; and (c) a second end cap at the second end of the media pack arrangement; said second end cap being a closed end cap.

Abstract: A filter element with an improved mounting frame and method of assembly are provided. The filter element includes a filter media pack with a mounting frame attached to the outer periphery of the filter media pack. The mounting frame defines a channel that holds a shut-off material for preventing leakage of an adhesive securing the mounting frame to the filter media pack. A filter element that includes a polymeric material between the filter media pack and the adhesive is also provided. The shut-off material may be pre-formed or applied in a flowable state.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system for purifying air; for the capture of solid residues (soot), and the transformation of COx and NOx (and even methane) present in contaminated air generated by industrial combustion. The purifying air system comprises an air entrance (c); a first module (A), made up of mechanical filters; a second module (B), downwards from the first module (A), and it corresponds to a series of small reactors with molecular converters (nucleophile chemical agents) to capture and transform carbon oxides (COx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx); and an exit for decontaminated air (D).

Abstract: A filter apparatus for filtering a stream of gas is disclosed. The apparatus has a head with an inlet and an outlet, the head also having a first flow conduit connected to the inlet and a second flow conduit the outlet. The apparatus also has a filter and a bowl which contains the filter and is connected to the head. The bowl an annular recess. There is also a connector for connecting the filter to the head and the bowl. The part of the connector that engages the bowl has a protrusion that is inserted into the recess.

Abstract: A filter assembly having at least two filter caps produced from a planar composite sheet of heat liquefied adhesive and metal layer (typically sheet metal). The filter caps are adhered to a porous, typically pleated, filter media positioned, which is generally an air filter, within channels of each filter cap wherein the adhesive, typically a plastisol, adheres the filter caps to the filter media and can impregnate the filter media.

Abstract: An air intake of an air handling or HVAC system, such as located in a ceiling of a structure, includes a movable filter housing. The filter housing comprises a grate configured to support one or more air filters at a top side thereof. The filter housing is mounted via one or more extendable connectors and includes a control tool mount. Connection of a control tool to the filter housing allows a user to pull the filter housing downwardly to a lowered position for replacing the air filter(s). The filter housing may be biased upwardly to its use position and may include a latch or lock to secure it in the use position.

Abstract: A device for producing a bellows from a filter medium, including: an embossing device embossing fold lines into a filter medium that runs through the embossing device, producing an embossed filter medium for folding into a folded filter medium; the folded section of the filter medium being delimited by two adjacent fold lines; an adhesive application device applying adhesive onto the embossed filter medium; and a folding device folding, in a zig-zag manner, the embossed filter medium onto which the adhesive was applied into the folded filter medium; wherein the folding device includes a plurality of adjacent supporting elements that can be moved into or out of a folding space of the folding device; wherein the supporting elements are movable into the folding space such, that at least one folded section of the folded filter medium is contacted and supported by a respective one of the plurality of supporting element.

Abstract: A system for carbon dioxide capture from a gas mixture comprises a lean solvent comprising 3-amino-1-propanol (AP), 2-dimethylamino-2-methyl-1-propanol (DMAMP), and water; an absorber containing at least a portion of the lean solvent, wherein the absorber is configured to receive the lean solvent and a gaseous stream comprising carbon dioxide, contact the lean solvent with the gaseous stream, and produce a rich solvent stream and a gaseous stream depleted in carbon dioxide; a stripper, wherein the stripper is configured to receive the rich solvent stream; a cross-exchanger fluidly coupled to a rich solvent outlet on the absorber and a rich solvent inlet on the stripper; a reboiler fluidly coupled to a lower portion of the stripper; and a condenser fluidly coupled to a vapor outlet of the stripper.

Abstract: A gas analysis system includes a gas analyzer which analyzes a gas acquired from a living body and a liquid separator which is detachably attached to the gas analyzer, and which separates a liquid component from the gas. In the gas analysis system, the liquid separator includes a magnet, and the gas analyzer includes a magnetic sensor which detects magnetism generated by the magnet, and a determining section which, based on the magnetism detected by the magnetic sensor, determines that the liquid separator is attached to the gas analyzer.

Abstract: Provided is a solvent separation method and a solvent separation apparatus in which a vaporized solvent is collected at one internal side of a solvent separation unit by attracting the vaporized solvent based on electric field, while the vaporized solvent is prevented from coming into contact with electrodes, and the collected solvent is discharged from the solvent separation unit. Different electric fields are alternately applied to a pair of first electrodes and a pair of second electrodes present at predetermined locations inside a tetragonal tubular solvent separation unit to attract a vaporized solvent toward the second electrodes. Thus, the vaporized solvent is collected in a space between the second electrodes inside the solvent separation unit, and the collected solvent is discharged from the solvent separation unit, together with a portion of the exhaust atmosphere present around the collected solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the filtering of fumes emitted by industrial processes such as those used in iron and steel works, refineries, waste-to-energy plants and the like and in particular relates to a filtering device for fine and ultrafine dust particles and other polluting agents.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for capturing carbon-dioxide from a gas stream. In order to capture the carbon-dioxide, a support is provided and potassium carbonate (K2CO3) is impregnated thereon to form an adsorbent comprising potassium carbonate (K2CO3) impregnated support. The adsorbent is activated to form an activated adsorbent. The gas stream is passed through the adsorber to enable adsorption of the carbon-dioxide on the activated adsorbent to form a carbon-dioxide laden adsorbent. The carbon-dioxide laden adsorbent is transferred to a desorber for at least partially desorbing the carbon-dioxide from the carbon-dioxide laden adsorbent by passing a carbon-dioxide deficient stream through the desorber. The partially regenerated adsorbent is returned to the adsorber for adsorbing the carbon-dioxide from the carbon-dioxide. The process of the present disclosure reduces the overall energy demand by partially regenerating the adsorbent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for purifying a gas containing 60-99 percent SO2 (sulfur dioxide) by volume and 1 to 40 percent steam by volume, followed by synthesis of SO3 (sulfur trioxide) without first drying the gas, and to an apparatus for carrying out said method.

Abstract: Provided are a filler-integrated cooler having a cooler body with cooling space, gas inlet and outlet and communicated with bottom and top of the cooling space, a cooling pipe in the cooling space between the gas inlet and outlet to make cooling fluid from a cooling-fluid inlet go around in the cooling space and discharge the same through a cooling-fluid outlet and a filler vertically partitioning the cooling space into portions with the gas inlet and outlet, a nozzle arranged above in the cooling space, a drain circulator supplying drain in a drain reservoir at inner bottom of the cooling space through a drain outlet to the nozzles, using a pump, and an alkaline-agent addition unit to add an alkaline agent to drain.

Abstract: Provided is a high-concentration carbonyl sulfide conversion-absorption type desulfurizer for use at medium-low temperature and preparation method thereof. The desulfurizer comprises 50%-75% magnetic iron oxide red (Fe21.333O32), 5%-10% alkali metal oxide (K2O), 5-35% anatase TiO2, and 5-10% shaping binder. The method of preparing the desulfurizer comprises: uniformly mixing a metatitanic acid prepared using ferrous sulfate recycled as a by-product from titanium dioxide production with K2CO3, calcining to activate at 500° C.-700° C., mixing with the magnetic iron oxide red and binder, roll molding at room temperature to form balls which are dried at 100° C.-150° C. to obtain the desulfurizer. The desulfurizer has a hydrolysis conversion of carbonyl sulfide higher than 99%, and has a higher sulfur capacity more than 25%.

Abstract: Methods and systems to achieve clean fuel processing systems in which carbon dioxide emissions (1) from sources (2) may be processed in at least one processing reactor (4) containing a plurality of chemoautotrophic bacteria (5) which can convert the carbon dioxide emissions into biomass (6) which may then be used for various products (21) such as biofuels, fertilizer, feedstock, or the like. Bacteria that reduce oxidized nitrogenous species (13) may be used to supply reduced nitrogenous compounds to the chemoautotrophic bacteria (5).

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst is described for treating hydrocarbons in an exhaust gas produced by an internal combustion engine, wherein the oxidation catalyst comprises a region disposed on a substrate, wherein the region comprises ruthenium (Ru) supported on a support material comprising a refractory oxide.

Abstract: It is an object to provide an exhaust gas purification catalyst for a lean burn engine having sufficient NOx purification performance. The exhaust gas purification catalyst for a lean burn engine according to the present invention has a catalyst component including noble metal and ceria supported on a three-dimensional structure. In the whole catalyst, the supported amount of ceria per 1 L of catalyst is 140 to 300 g/L, and in the whole catalyst, is 50 to 98% by mass with respect to the whole coated amount. Furthermore, it is characterized that 50% by mass or more of ceria is included in the same catalyst layer in which noble metal is included, and the amount of noble metal included in the catalyst layer is 0.1% by mass or more with respect to the amount of ceria included in the catalyst layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for separation of oxyresveratrol molecule from the extracted solution of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. through membrane application. The product can be obtained in excellent yield upto 81% in case of extraction using water as solvent and can be separated from the extracted mixture upto 98% using indigenously developed nanofiltration membrane. Only the desired Trans isomer is obtained and no cis isomerization takes place during the extraction process.

Abstract: A fluid pumping system may include an electroosmotic pump; and a separation member provided at least one end of the electroosmotic pump, and configured to separate the fluid and a transfer target fluid. The electroosmotic pump may include: a membrane that allows a fluid to move therethrough; and a first electrode and a second electrode which are respectively provided at two opposite sides of the membrane, and each of which is formed of a porous material or has a porous structure to allow a fluid to move therethrough; each of the first electrode and the second electrode may be made of porous carbon only; and an electrochemical reaction of the first electrode and the second electrode may take place as a cation is moved in a direction whereby a charge balance is established.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method and system for separating oil from water and particulate contaminants from a oil/water/solid mixture, comprising: a solid removal system for removing small, medium and large solids from a oil/water/solid mixture to form a oil and water stream and a membrane contactor system for separating the oil from the water in the oil and water stream.

Abstract: A leak may be detected in a heat exchanger of a hemodialysis device. A drain valve is opened by the controller, and then closed by the controller after a pre-selected time period. An initial pressure is determined in the spent dialysate circuit and stored in the memory. A system pressure is determined at periodic time intervals and compared to a pre-determined maximum pressure. The controller then determines whether the heat exchanger has a leak, in that in response to the system pressure exceeding a predetermined maximum pressure, a command is generated to execute an event including suspending a disinfectant operation with a disinfecting agent, and in response to the initial pressure subtracted from the system pressure being greater than a predetermined minimum pressure differential, a command is generated to execute an event including suspending the cleanse operation with the disinfecting agent.

Abstract: A testing apparatus employs an interface module removably attached to a filter testing device. The interface module includes a first flowpath communicating with an outlet of the testing device and a housing of the filter device, a first valve disposed in the first flowpath, a second flowpath communicating with the housing of the filter device and an exhaust, a second valve disposed in the second flowpath, and an enclosure enclosing the first flowpath, the first valve, the second flowpath, and the second valve. The interface module is cleanable and/or sterilizable, and replaceable. A filter integrity testing method uses an interface module to prevent contamination of the testing device and cross-contamination of different filter devices and avoid liquid ingress into the testing device.

Abstract: Some embodiments comprise membranes comprising a first layer comprising a porous graphene-based material; a second layer comprising a porous graphene-based material; a channel positioned between the first layer and the second layer, wherein the channel has a tunable channel diameter; and at least one spacer substance positioned in the channel, wherein the spacer substance is responsive to the environmental stimulus. In some cases, the membranes have more than two layers of porous graphene-based material. Permeability of a membrane can be altered by exposing the membrane to an environmental stimulus. Membranes can be used in methods of water filtration, immune-isolation, timed drug release (e.g., sustained or delayed release), hemodialysis, or hemofiltration.

Abstract: Composite porous hydrophobic membranes are prepared by forming a perfluorohydrocarbon layer on the surface of a preformed porous polymeric substrate. The substrate can be formed from poly(aryl ether ketone) and a perfluorohydrocarbon layer can be chemically grafted to the surface of the substrate. The membranes can be utilized for a broad range of fluid separations, such as microfiltration, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration as membrane contactors for membrane distillation and for degassing and dewatering of fluids. The membranes can further contain a dense ultra-thin perfluorohydrocarbon layer superimposed on the porous poly(aryl ether ketone) substrate and can be utilized as membrane contactors or as gas separation membranes for natural gas treatment and gas dehydration.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis composite membrane includes: a porous support; and a reverse osmosis membrane arranged on the porous support and containing a crosslinked polyamide and carbon nanotubes. The reverse osmosis membrane contains the carbon nanotubes that are disentangled in the crosslinked polyamide. A distribution of closest distances between the carbon nanotubes in the reverse osmosis membrane has a peak that is within a range of a thickness of the reverse osmosis membrane, and a half width of the peak is equal to or less than the thickness of the reverse osmosis membrane.

Abstract: Provided are: a fouling inhibitor that is capable of effectively inhibiting fouling of porous filtration membranes use as water purification membranes or the like, that has resistance to chemicals, such as alkali used when the membrane is fouled, and that is capable of maintaining such effects sufficiently even after chemical wash; a filtration membrane provided with the inhibitor; and a method for producing the same. The inhibitor contains: (A) a copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 10000 to 300000 and contains a MPC unit (a1) and a BMA unit (a2), wherein the ratio of (a1) to (a2) ((a1)/(a2)) by mole is 10/90 to 70/30; and (B) PVA having a saponification degree of 72 to 93 mol % and a polymerization degree of 300 to 1000, wherein the ratio of component (A) to component (B) ((A)/(B)) by mass is 25/75 to 75/25.

Abstract: Mixing valve turbulence generators and methods are disclosed. Embodiments include turbulence generation apparatuses and methods that increase the turbulence of, impart swirl to, reverse the direction of, create tortuous paths for, and/or accelerate the mixing of hot and cold fluid within a valve assembly. Alternate embodiments include angled radial slots, angled surfaces and fin-like baffles to enhance the mixing of hot and cold fluids.

Abstract: A urea solution injection device includes an exhaust pipe for discharging exhaust gas generated in a combustion chamber to the exterior; an injector is installed and pierces into the exhaust pipe to inject urea solution into the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust pipe. A catalyst is disposed at a position after the injector when viewed in a flow direction of the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas is discharged to the exterior to decompose the exhaust gas mixed with the urea solution. A urea solution mixer is provided at an end of the injector and installed and pierces into the exhaust pipe. Accordingly the urea solution injected from the injector is dispersed therein. An installation unit provides for the urea solution mixer to be installed in the exhaust pipe and pierces into the exhaust pipe.

Abstract: A mixing unit includes a mixing body having mixing elements that are stacked in a stacking direction and that extend in an extending direction. The mixing elements have a plurality of first through holes to form a flow path therein, and are arranged such that part or all of the first through holes in one of the mixing elements communicate with first through holes in the adjacent mixing elements to allow fluid to be passed in the direction in which the mixing element extends.

Abstract: The invention relates to apparatus and a process for mixing a gas/vapour with a process liquid comprising a material and a carrier liquid. The apparatus comprises a passage (10) of polygonal cross section having an inlet (14), an outlet (16) for a process liquid comprising the material, and a nozzle (24) for introducing supersonic gas/vapour at a mixing zone (42) in a single plane.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of operating a batch mixer for producing first and second numbers of mixtures from first and second numbers of batches of materials to be mixed in the batch mixer, the batch mixer comprising a mixing chamber, a mixing element disposed within the mixing chamber, the mixing element and the mixing chamber being configured for providing an identical flow of the materials to be mixed within the mixing chamber and around the mixing element regardless of in which of the first and second opposite directions the mixing element is rotated, and a motor assembly coupled to the mixing element for rotating the mixing element for mixing the first and second numbers of batches of materials to be mixed for producing the first and second numbers of mixtures.