Abstract: In an example, the autonomous vehicle (“AV”) can be configured among the other vehicles and railway to communicate with a rider on a peer to peer basis to pick up the rider on demand from a location on a track, like a railway, tram or other track, rather than the rider being held hostage to a fixed railway schedule. The rider can have an application on his/her cell phone, which tracks each of the AVs, and contact them using the application on the cell phone. In an example, the AV is configured for both on-track and off track operation with different operating parameters for on-track and off track, including speed, degree of autonomy, sensors used etc.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a multi-purpose insulated container. The container is comprised of a plurality of walls forming an enclosure. A lid is in communication with the body and is operable so as to enclose the container. A first wall is oppositely disposed from a second wall and the height of the first wall is greater than the height of the second wall. A base is provided and a third wall extends from the base to the second wall. Pins are positioned at one or more discrete locations on the first and/or second walls.

Abstract: Described is a shopping cart bagging station that is used in retail stores to dispense shopping bags while a customer of the retail store shops. The shopping cart bagging station holds and dispenses shopping bags. The shopping cart bagging station is coupled to a shopping cart so that the customer can load items they purchase into the shopping bags as they shop. The shopping cart bagging station includes a support channel and three hooks coupled to the support channel. The support channel couples to the shopping cart. The three hooks hold shopping bags. By using the shopping cart bagging station, a customer does not have to visit a checkout station to bag their purchased items.

Abstract: A foldable walker includes a front frame having sleeve tubes, two side frame units and two folding operating units. Each sleeve tube has an upwardly facing retaining portion around the upper periphery thereof. Each side frame unit has a front rod segment and an adaptor coaxially and rotatably mounted to the respective sleeve tube. Each folding operating unit is disposed within the adaptor and has a locking pin extending transversely and movably disposed to be engaged with or disengaged from the upwardly facing retaining portion, and a lock releasing member movably mounted on the adaptor at an upper opening and operable manually to move the locking pin to unlock the side frame unit relative to the front frame.

Abstract: A collapsible seat assembly is mounted on a frame of a stroller, and includes a joint member, a backrest support member, a leg support member and a locking mechanism. Each of a pivot portion of the backrest support member and a pivot portion of the leg support member is pivotably mounted on the joint member. The locking mechanism is disposed between the pivot portions to lock or unlock the backrest and leg support members. The locking mechanism is configured to be actuated to move from a locking position to an unlocking position by the operation of the frame of the stroller from an unfolded state to a folded state. A stroller having the collapsible seat assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: Steering control system for snow vehicles, suitable for equipping vehicles like snowmobile type or more specifically of the standing snowmobile style (1), with a basic configuration of, at least, two front skis (4a, 4b) and one drive track (3). The system acts on one or the other ski independently, and depending of the chosen path left or right, the rider can activate the left ski system or the right ski system using a mechanism that can be manual or assisted. This swing arms system (5a, 5b) and rotating ski spindle (6a, 6b) allow an easy and stable lateral tilt of the snowmobile, and besides generate a multiple and simultaneous orientation on the ski (4a) or (4b). All these factors gives the snowmobile high maneuverability and efficient control of the trajectory.

Abstract: The surface of a steering wheel-rim or steering wheel element can be used as a sensor for the contact or approach of fingers and hands to the steering wheel-rim or steering wheel element. The invention relates to technical solutions and principles for the integration into the steering wheel of a flat high-resolution sensor including feedlines and shields in the form of a three-dimensionally complex structure. The sensor firstly allows detailed hands-on recognition for example for transition phases to autonomous driving and secondly is a versatile user interface.

Abstract: A control system for a steering wheel includes a steering wheel switchable between a rotational condition and a non-rotational condition. The control system also includes a steering gear operatively coupled to a plurality of road wheels of a vehicle, the steering wheel and the steering gear electrically coupled to each other. The control system further includes a controller in operative communication with the steering wheel and the steering gear, the controller configured to control the steering gear independent of the steering wheel when the vehicle is in an autonomous vehicle driving condition, the steering wheel being in a retracted position during the autonomous vehicle driving condition.

Abstract: A method of coupling a rack and pinion steering mechanism to a vehicle includes interfacing a first spherical washer with the rack and pinion steering mechanism and interfacing a second spherical washer with the vehicle. The second spherical washer is interfaced with the first spherical washer. A relative angle is formed between the rack and pinion steering mechanism and the vehicle via the first spherical washer and the second spherical washer. The first spherical washer is retained with the second spherical washer via a ring retainer.

Abstract: An ATV is shown having a steering system comprised of a power steering unit having drive and driven pitman arms coupled to a drag link. The drive pitman arm is laterally offset from a vehicle centerline and is driven by the power steering unit. An alternate power steering system includes a pack and pinion subassembly coupled to a power steering motor, which then couples to steering arms of the ATV.

Abstract: An assembly structure of a sensor includes: a shaft; a housing including: a first cylindrical part; and a first annular plate that is an annular plate, an outer periphery of which is connected to an end of the first cylindrical part, and that is orthogonal to a rotation axis of the shaft; a magnet accommodated inside the first cylindrical part in a radial direction and fixed to an end of the shaft; a sensor configured to detect rotation of the magnet; and a holder that is fixed to the first annular plate and that holds the sensor such that the sensor is disposed at a predetermined position with respect to the magnet.

Abstract: A steering control apparatus controlling an electric power steering apparatus includes a first control part and a second control part. The first control part communicates with an external device and executes a specific process. The second control part communicates with the first control part and executes the specific process. The first control part can acquire first information and second information. When all of the first information and the second information are positive, the first control part transmits positive information to the external device. When a part of the first information and the second information is negative, the first control part transmits negative information to the external device.

Abstract: A motor vehicle steering system may include a housing for a support device of the steering system with an electrical sensor device configured to detect a condition indicative of water being present in the housing. The electrical sensor may comprise a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode. The first electrode may be formed by a non-insulated part of the support device, and the second electrode may be formed by the housing. In the event water is present in the housing, the electrical sensor may build up a galvanic cell. The housing may be grounded in some cases.

Abstract: A vehicle steering assist system, including an engine pump, a flow-rate restricting mechanism, a motor pump, a motor-pump controller, and a steering-force assist device, wherein the steering assist system is configured to restrict an engine-pump ejection flow rate to be lower than a required receiving flow rate to be received by the assist device when the engine pump is operated by being driven by an engine rotating at an idling speed, the engine-pump ejection flow rate being a flow rate of a working fluid ejected from the engine pump to the assist device via the restricting mechanism, and wherein the motor-pump controller is configured to control a motor-pump ejection flow rate such that an insufficient flow rate of the working fluid is covered by the motor-pump ejection flow rate, the insufficient flow rate being a shortage in the required receiving flow rate not covered by the engine-pump ejection flow rate.

Abstract: A steering assist system for a hybrid vehicle capable of being driven by both of an engine and a drive motor, including a first assist portion and a second assist portion configured to assist a steering force respectively utilizing the engine and an electric motor each as a drive source, wherein the steering force is assisted only by the second assist portion in a motor-driven state in which the vehicle is driven only by the drive motor, and wherein the steering assist system is configured to, upon occurrence of a failure of the second assist portion in the motor-driven state, drive the engine, execute assist switching from an assist by the second assist portion to an assist by the first assist portion, and gradually increase, in the assist switching, an assist force by the first assist portion up to a set assist force when the vehicle is being steered.

Abstract: A processor-implemented method in a vehicle for performing automatic vehicle lateral control using a neural network for trajectory tracking is provided. The method includes receiving a desired vehicle trajectory; constructing, from the desired trajectory, desired waypoint data for a small number of desired waypoints at different look ahead distances in front of the center of gravity of the vehicle; and generating a steering angle command using a feedforward artificial neural network (ANN) as a function of vehicle speed and the desired waypoint data without modeling vehicle or tire dynamics. The vehicle steering actuator system provides steering control to cause vehicle steering to attempt to achieve the steering angle command.

Abstract: A vehicle steering device includes a steering wheel, an input shaft, an output shaft coupled to the input shaft via a torsion bar, an electric motor, a torque detector that detects a torsion bar torque applied to the torsion bar, a rotational angle detector that detects a rotational angle of the electric motor, and a microcomputer. The microcomputer is configured to estimate a driver torque applied to the steering wheel using at least (i) the torsion bar torque detected by the torque detector, (ii) the rotational angle of the electric motor detected by the rotational angle detector, and (iii) a physical model that is constructed with a torsion bar viscosity and a torsion bar rigidity, and determine whether the steering wheel is operated in a hands-on state or a hands-off state based on the estimated driver torque.

Abstract: An absolute steering angle sensor includes a single main gear having first gear teeth with a first pitch, second gear teeth with a second pitch, wherein the first and second gear pitches are different. A first magnet gear is driven by the first gear teeth, wherein the first magnet gear has a first gear profile and a first diameter. A second magnet gear is driven by the second gear teeth, wherein the second magnet gear has a second gear profile and a second diameter. The first and second gear profiles are different, and the first and second diameters are different. A first magnet rotates with the first magnet gear and emits a first magnetic field, and a second magnet rotates with the second magnet gear and emits a second magnetic field. A sensor assembly measures strengths of the first and second magnetic fields and calculates an absolute steering angle.

Abstract: Provided is a steering assist apparatus configured to perform a steering assist control for changing a steering angle of a vehicle in such a manner that the vehicle moves along a target path; determine whether a newly-detected object is a stationary object or a moving object; cancel the steering assist control and inform a driver that the steering assist control is cancelled when the newly-detected object is the stationary object and a cancel condition is satisfied; pause the steering assist control and inform the driver that the steering assist control is paused when the newly-detected object is the moving object and a pause condition is satisfied; and resume the steering assist control when a resume condition is satisfied.

Abstract: A strengthening member for a motor vehicle, the strengthening member has a cross section that comprises sixteen corners and includes sides and corners creating eight internal angles and eight external angles. Each internal angle ranges between about 90° and about 145° and each external angle ranges between about 95° and about 175°. One or more tunable parameters of a cross section can vary along a longitudinal axis of the strengthening member.

Abstract: Each side sill of a vehicle body structure includes in addition to an outer panel (21) and an inner panel (22) jointly forming a closed cross section structure (23), a first stiffener (25) extending in the fore and aft direction and interposed between the outer panel and the inner panel and having a lower edge joined to the lower edges of the outer panel and the inner panel, a second stiffener (26) formed as a channel member extending in the fore and aft direction and having an open side facing in the inboard direction, the second stiffener having an upper edge and a lower edge attached to an outboard side of the first stiffener, and a third stiffener (27) extending in the fore and aft direction and in a transverse direction to have an outboard edge joined to the first stiffener and an inboard edge joined to the inner panel.

Abstract: A rocker assembly for a vehicle comprising a rocker panel and a side sill that enclose an injection molded reinforcement. The reinforcement includes a plurality of intersecting fins that may be provided in horizontal and vertical planes. An intermediate wall formed by frames within four sided cells that define windows. The rocker assembly may include two different types of reinforcements, one with intersecting fins, or walls, extending laterally and one formed by a plurality of longitudinally extending tubular members.

Abstract: A rocker structure includes a closed cross-sectional part that extends along a vehicle front-rear direction on the outer side of a floor panel of a vehicle in a vehicle width direction, a horizontal plate, and a first vertical plate. The closed cross-sectional part includes an outer wall, an inner wall, a lower wall, and an upper wall. The horizontal plate has a ridge and a valley, and is propped along the vehicle width direction between the outer wall and the inner wall, and the ridge and the valley are provided alternately along the vehicle width direction. The ridge protrudes upward in the vehicle-height direction, and the valley is depressed downward in the vehicle-height direction. The first vertical plate is propped along the vehicle-height direction between the horizontal plate and one of the lower wall and the upper wall.

Abstract: A rocker structure includes: a closed cross-sectional part that extends along a vehicle front-rear direction on an outer side of a floor panel of a vehicle in a vehicle width direction, the closed cross-sectional part including an outer wall and an inner wall located respectively on an outer side and an inner side of the closed cross-sectional part in the vehicle width direction; and a horizontal plate propped between the outer wall and the inner wall along the vehicle width direction, the horizontal plate having ridges protruding upward in a vehicle height direction and valleys depressed downward in the vehicle height direction that are provided alternately along the vehicle width direction, an amount of protrusion of the ridges and an amount of depression of the valleys varying from an outer wall side toward an inner wall side.

Abstract: A pillar for a vehicle is disclosed that includes an outer panel, an inner panel, and an extruded reinforcement attached between the inner and outer panels. The reinforcement extends from an upper end of the inner panel to a striker attachment area on the outer panel. A lower end of the reinforcement is trimmed to be spaced from the inner panel. The inner panel may be full height of the pillar or may extend from the rocker to the striker area where the inner panel overlaps the reinforcement. The reinforcement above the striker area may function as the inner panel above the striker area. A method is disclosed for making a B-pillar for a vehicle.

Abstract: A roof assembly for an autonomous work vehicle includes a roof panel having an outer surface. The roof assembly also includes a lighting assembly having a light-transmissive panel and a light source. The light-transmissive panel is coupled to the roof panel, the light-transmissive panel has an outer surface, the outer surface of the roof panel completely surrounds the outer surface of the light-transmissive panel, and the light source is configured to emit light through the light-transmissive panel. The light source is configured to receive a signal from a controller indicative of a selected status indication of a group of status indications and to emit the light based on the selected status indication, the group of status indications correspond to a respective group of operating states of the autonomous work vehicle, and the selected status indication corresponds to a current operating state of the group of operating states.

Abstract: An earth working machine (10), for example a road milling machine (10), recycler, stabilizer, or surface miner, having a propelling unit (22) and a machine frame (12) carried by the propelling unit (22), comprises a working apparatus (32) for earth working. Provision is made that the earth working machine (10) comprises, on an underside (12a) of the machine frame (12) facing toward the supporting substrate of the machine (10), a maintenance door (52) that is movable between a raised operational readiness position and a lowered maintenance position and that comprises, on its inner side (52a) that faces away from the supporting substrate (U) in the operational readiness position, at least one functional configuration (56, 58) that assists a maintenance operation.

Abstract: In a vehicle body structure including a pair of side sills (2) and a battery case (51) joined to the side sills via respective brackets (56), each side sill includes an outer panel (21), an inner panel (22) defining a closed cross section structure jointly with the outer panel, a first stiffener (25) extending in the fore and aft direction in a space defined between the outer panel and the inner panel and having a lower edge joined to the lower edges of the outer panel and the inner panel, and a second stiffener (26) formed as a channel member extending in the fore and aft direction and having an open side facing in the inboard direction, the second stiffener having an upper edge and a lower edge attached to an outboard side of the first stiffener.

Abstract: An assembly for utility truck bodies having metal and/or composite reinforcement(s) and/or foam reinforcements and/or honeycomb reinforcements and/or wood reinforcements encapsulated within a thermoformed thermoplastic, or thermoset or fiber-reinforced thermoset walking surface floor structure of the truck bed assembly or other composite floor structure with attachable components and junctions, e.g., sidepack(s), and methods of making the same are provided.

Abstract: A tail gating apparatus including a horizontal frame with various tables positioned thereon on spindles that allow the tables to rotate in supports mounted on the frame. The frame also supports shade producing umbrellas and alternatively a cook's seat, a stabilizing plate and a wind protection shield.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a trailer having a portion configurable for dual use and a method of transforming a portion of the trailer. The trailer has at least one moveable inner wall configured to move toward the front wall of the trailer to a first position and away from the front wall to a second position. The first position of the at least one movable inner wall defines an enclosure to have a first volume and the second position of the at least one movable inner wall defines the enclosure to have a second volume, wherein the first volume is less than the second volume.

Abstract: A spoiler assembly for a vehicle includes a first air-guiding element adjustable between a basic position and an activated driving position by a first adjustment device (6) and a second air-guiding element adjustable between a basic position and an activated driving position by a second adjustment device (7). In a first partial adjustment during the adjustment from the basic positon into the driving position, the first air-guiding element is adjustable and the second air-guiding element is not adjustable. In a second partial adjustment following the first partial adjustment, the second air-guiding element, preferably the two air-guiding elements, is or are adjustable. second adjustment device (7) is activated via a first position-switching device (15) switchable between an open position for actuating the second adjustment device (7) and a blocking position depending on an adjustment position of the first air-guiding element.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for a vehicle windshield are disclosed herein. A vehicle includes a vehicle body comprising a front, a first side, and a second side, wherein the first side and the second side are opposite one another on the vehicle body. The vehicle comprises a cabin located within the body of the vehicle, wherein the cabin comprises an interior that is configured to accommodate at least one person. The vehicle comprises at least one door that provides ingress and egress to the interior of the cabin of the vehicle. The vehicle comprises a windshield that provides a visual line of sight out of the cabin for a user located within the interior of the cabin, and wherein the windshield extends across the front and at least partially on to at least one of the first side or the second side.

Abstract: A device for manoeuvring an aerodynamic flap arranged on a motor vehicle, characterised in that it includes mechanical ways for shifting the flap from a retracted position to a deployed position, successively performing a movement extending the flap while keeping the plane of the flap parallel to the direction of an air stream flowing around the flap when the vehicle is moving, such that the aerodynamic pressure exerted on the flap is substantially zero, and then a movement pivoting the flap about a pivot axis located in a plane of the flap and passing substantially through a centre of aerodynamic thrust of the flap, such that the torque applied to the pivot axis and resulting from the aerodynamic forces is substantially zero. The shift from a deployed position to a retracted position is carried out by performing said movements in reverse order.

Abstract: A rear spoiler apparatus for a vehicle may include a main flap which is deployed by an operation force from an actuator and a support flap which is additionally deployed from the main flap, in which the support flap rotates to open together when the main flap rotates and the open angle of the support flap is greater than the open angle of the support flap.

Abstract: An air guiding device for a motor vehicle includes a rear wing, a wing supporting device configured to secure the rear wing and to forward forces which act on the rear wing, and connecting components configured to connect the rear wing and the wing supporting device to one another. A first of the connecting components is configured as a trough-shaped receiving device on the rear wing and/or the wing supporting device. A second of the connecting components which interacts with the first connecting component is configured as a hammer component on the other of the rear wing and/or the wing supporting device. The hammer component has a hammer handle and a hammer head which is connected to the hammer handle, extends transversely with respect thereto, and is received in the trough-shaped receiving device.

Abstract: A track assembly mountable to a rotatable rear axle of a vehicle includes a frame, a drive wheel rotationally mounted to the frame and being structured to be attached to the axle of the vehicle, a front idler wheel and a rear idler wheel assemblies mounted to the frame, and a track. The track has an inner surface facing the drive wheel, and an outer surface opposite the inner surface. The outer surface has a plurality of traction lugs distributed along the outer surface. The track includes a plurality of longer transverse reinforcement rods distributed therethrough and a plurality of shorter transverse reinforcement rods distributed therethrough. The shorter transverse reinforcement rods are shorter in length than the longer transverse reinforcement rods. Each of the longer and shorter transverse reinforcement rods is aligned along at least a part of its length with at least one of the traction lugs.

Abstract: A track assembly is to be mounted on a drive axle of a vehicle. The track assembly has a frame, at least one leading idler wheel mounted to the front of the frame for rotation about a transverse leading idler wheel axis, at least one trailing idler wheel mounted to the rear of the frame for rotation about a traverse trailing idler wheel axis parallel to the leading idler wheel axis, and a single drive wheel assembly. The drive wheel assembly includes a sub-frame removably securable to the frame in any one of a plurality of longitudinal securement positions on the frame, and a drive wheel rotationally mounted on the sub-frame for rotation about a drive wheel axis. The drive wheel is operatively connectable to the drive axle of the vehicle. A pair of track assemblies is also described. A vehicle having the pair of track assemblies is also described.

Abstract: A processing station, for example a framing station, for workpieces formed as vehicle body parts. The station has at least one clamping frame, at least one magazine area for holding the clamping frames, a working area for processing the workpieces and a feed device for feeding the clamping frames between the at least one magazine area and the working area in a longitudinal direction X and a transverse direction Y. The feed device has a floor-based rail arrangement for guiding and carrying the clamping frames.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fixing system for fixing an accessory to a motorcycle or bicycle, comprising coupling means for coupling the accessory (1) to the motorcycle, and characterized in that said coupling means comprise a plurality of protrusions (2) placed in the motorcycle which are coupled with a plurality of complementary holes (3) of said accessory (1). The invention allows making the most of its use in different motorcycle models, and furthermore it neither impairs nor affects the appearance of the motorcycle when the bag is not placed in the use position.

Abstract: A saddle riding vehicle includes: a fuel tank supported by a body frame; a filler opening provided in an upper surface of the fuel tank; a tank cover covering the upper surface of the fuel tank; and a fuel sump collecting fuel overflowing from the filler opening. The saddle riding vehicle includes a shroud covering a side surface of the fuel tank. The fuel sump is placed around the filler opening and under the tank cover. The fuel sump includes a drain pipe discharging fuel downward. The drain pipe extends between the tank cover and the shroud.

Abstract: A saddle riding vehicle includes a fuel tank supported by a body frame through a rear stay that is provided in the fuel tank. The rear stay includes: an upper stay that extends rearward from an upper surface of a fuel reservoir of the fuel tank; a lower stay that extends rearward from a lower surface of the fuel tank. The upper stay and the lower stay are combined with each other at the rear of the fuel reservoir.

Abstract: A wireless receiving device for a human powered vehicle comprises a receiver having a first mode, and a second mode in which the receiver consumes less electric power than in the first mode. A controller is configured to set the receiver with the second mode if the receiver does not receive the communication signal in a first-mode period during which the receiver operates in the first mode. The controller is configured to count a consecutive number of a plurality of no-communication periods if no-communication periods consecutively occur. The controller is configured to set the receiver with the first mode if the consecutive number of the no-communication periods is less than a count threshold. The controller is configured to control the receiver to continue the second mode until a release condition is satisfied if the consecutive number is more than or equal to the count threshold.

Abstract: A motorised scooter comprises a framework for supporting a rider; a ground engaging element connected to the framework for moving the rider; an engine connected to the ground engaging element for propelling the ground engaging element; and a brake further connected to the framework, the ground engaging element, the engine or a combination of any these for stopping the motorised scooter. A method for using the motorised scooter comprises a step of a first step of receiving a request to use at least one motorised scooter; a second step of notifying location of the at least one suitable motorised scooter; a third step of offering the at least one suitable motorised scooter; and a fourth step of getting back the at least one suitable motorised scooter.

Abstract: A system for easily adjusting spring rate of a rear shock for mountain bikes or motorcycles without changing an actual overall spring length. The system may include a coil spring a body sized and structured to engage with the coil spring. The spring rate may be adjusted by selectively placing the body between adjacent coils of the spring to deactivate up to one spring coil adjacent the end of the spring.

Abstract: A suspension (1) for a bicycle (101) comprising an elastic element (2) and a blocking/releasing device (3) of the elastic element (2).

Abstract: A system for easily adjusting spring rate of a rear shock for mountain bikes or motorcycles without changing an actual overall spring length. The system may include a coil spring a body sized and structured to engage with the coil spring. The spring rate may be adjusted by selectively placing the body between adjacent coils of the spring to deactivate up to one spring coil adjacent the end of the spring.

Abstract: A frame for bicycle includes a front frame, a rear frame, a shock absorber and an upper linkage. The upper linkage is pivoted to the front frame at a first axis, pivoted to the rear frame at a second axis, and pivoted to the shock absorber at a third axis. The rear frame has a pair of chain stays and a connection part, the connection part has a pair of side portions and a bridge portion, the pair of side portions are connected to the pair of chain stays respectively, the bridge portion connects the pair of side portions, and the rear frame is pivoted to the front frame at a fourth axis through the pair of side portions or through the pair of chain stays.

Abstract: A human-powered vehicle control device includes an electronic controller that is configured to control a motor that assists in propulsion of a human-powered vehicle and that stops assisting in the propulsion of the human-powered vehicle at a timing suitable for a state of the human-powered vehicle or a state of a road. The electronic controller drives the motor in correspondence with a human drive force upon determining a traveling speed of the human-powered vehicle is less than a predetermined speed that is higher than 0 km/h. The electronic controller varies the predetermined speed in correspondence with at least one of a state of the human-powered vehicle and a state of a road on which the human-powered vehicle travels. The electronic controller does not assist the propulsion of the human-powered vehicle upon determining the traveling speed of the human-powered vehicle is greater than or equal to the predetermined speed.

Abstract: A rear wheel sprocket arrangement for a bicycle comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged sprockets having different numbers of teeth, wherein an entire gear range of the sprocket arrangement is at least three-hundred fifty percent (350%), and wherein an average percentage gear stage step lies within a range of fifteen percent (15%) to thirty percent (30%).