Abstract: A device includes a substrate, a routing conductive line over the substrate, a dielectric layer over the routing conductive line, and an etch stop layer over the dielectric layer. A Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) device has a portion over the etch stop layer. A contact plug penetrates through the etch stop layer and the dielectric layer. The contact plug connects the portion of the MEMS device to the routing conductive line. An escort ring is disposed over the etch stop layer and under the MEMS device, wherein the escort ring encircles the contact plug.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for reducing the oscillation of a MEMS actuator. In one embodiment, a driving signal is generated to adjust the MEMS actuator through a set of driving wires coupled to the MEMS actuator. A motion-induced signal from the set of driving wires coupled to the MEMS actuator is received in response to the driving signal. The motion-induced signal is filtered to generate a filtered motion-induced signal. The filtered motion-induced signal is amplified to generate an amplified filtered motion-induced signal. The driving signal is adjusted based on the amplified filtered motion-induced signal to reduce the oscillation of the MEMS actuator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for supporting a MEMS component, especially a pressure sensor, having a substrate formed of a ceramic, a MEMS component on the substrate and walls forming a cavity for surrounding the MEMS component, in which the walls are formed from a machined ceramic cavity array.

Abstract: A structure including a first layer of one or more molecular components having a first top anchor group, a first functional moiety and a first bottom anchor group. The first functional moiety connects the first top anchor group to the first bottom anchor group. The structure further includes a first conductive film of one or more nanoparticles disposed on the first layer of one or more molecular components. Each of at least a portion of the one or more nanoparticles bond with the first top anchor group of the one or more molecular components. Each of at least a portion of the one or more nanoparticles cross-link with at least one other of the nanoparticles. The first conductive film forms a first contact for the first layer of one or more molecular components.

Abstract: A method and system for producing a synthesis gas in an oxygen transport membrane based reforming system that utilizes a combined feed stream having a steam to carbon ratio between about 1.6 and 3.0 and a temperature between about 500° C. and 750° C. The combined feed stream is comprised a pre-reformed hydrocarbon feed, superheated steam, and a reaction product stream created by the reaction of a hydrogen containing stream reacted with the permeated oxygen at the permeate side of the oxygen transport membrane elements.

Abstract: An ozone generator of a gas blow-through type, especially to produce a gas mixture of ozone/air or ozone/oxygen. An ozone producing structural unit in the path of the blown air or oxygen is used as ozone source. The ozone producing structural unit is operated on the principle of alternating current auxiliary electrode cold arc discharge with its capacity increased by limited arc discharge, with an alternating voltage voltage source. This solution does not result in high-temperature arc discharges, thus the fire hazard may be eliminated, and at the same time the device is capable of producing extremely large quantities of ozone. The ozone producing structural unit of the ozone generator is placed in one or more insulating housings/air ducts, placed in a direction parallel to or coaxial to the air blowing direction. Further details of the apparatus are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A method of producing a boron nitride polycrystal includes: a first step of obtaining a thermally treated powder by thermally treating a powder of a high pressure phase boron nitride at more than or equal to 1300° C.; and a second step of obtaining a boron nitride polycrystal by sintering the thermally treated powder under a condition of 8 to 20 GPa and 1200 to 2300° C.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of a carbon composite comprises compressing a combination comprising carbon and a binder at a temperature of about 350° C. to about 1200° C. and a pressure of about 500 psi to about 30,000 psi to form the carbon composite; wherein the binder comprises a nonmetal, metal, alloy of the metal, or a combination thereof wherein the nonmetal is selected from the group consisting of SiO2, Si, B, B2O3, and a combination thereof; and the metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, copper, titanium, nickel, tungsten, chromium, iron, manganese, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, tin, bismuth, antimony, lead, cadmium, selenium, and a combination thereof.

Abstract: A membrane is electrically charged to a polarity. A surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in a solution is caused to acquire a charge of the polarity. The solution is filtered through the membrane. An electromagnetic repulsion between the membrane of the polarity and the CNTs of the polarity causes the CNTs to spontaneously align to form a crystalline structure.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the production of the bi-dimensional crystalline structure of carbon known as graphene. The purpose of this invention is to provide an aqueous, organic method for producing the atomic-scale substance. The invention is declared to enable the low-cost scalable production of large quantities of graphene.

Abstract: A method of making a carbon foam comprises subjecting a precursor composition comprising an amount of at least partially decomposed lignin to a first pressure for a first time, optionally, while heating the precursor composition to a first temperature; heating the compressed precursor composition to a second temperature for a second period of time while subjecting the compressed precursor composition to a second pressure to further decompose the at least partially decomposed lignin and to generate pores within the compressed precursor composition, thereby providing a porous, decomposed precursor composition; and heating the porous, decomposed precursor composition to a third temperature for a third time to carbonize, and optionally, to graphitize, the porous, decomposed precursor composition to provide the carbon foam. Also provided are the carbon foams and composites made from the carbon foams.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polycrystalline silicon rod whose rod surface portion has a phosphorus concentration of 0.015 ppba or less, in which the ratio (P2/P1) of the phosphorus concentration (P2) of the rod center portion to the phosphorus concentration (P1) of the rod surface portion is within the range of 2 or lower. The present invention also provides a method for producing a polycrystalline silicon rod by the Siemens method that assembles a polycrystalline silicon seed rod in a reactor, then heats the seed rod up to a temperature of 1000° C. or more and less than the melting point of silicon by energization heating, and supplies a raw material gas including trichlorosilane gas and hydrogen gas as the main components to the reactor at the heating temperature to deposit and grow silicon on the seed rod surface.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing polycrystalline silicon at a lighter environmental load and at low production cost. A method in accordance with the present invention for producing polycrystalline silicon includes: a silicon deposition step; a separation step; a hydrogen chloride removal step; a hydrogen refining step; an activated carbon regeneration step; and a circulation step.

Abstract: Realized is a solid substance concentration managing method which allows quick detection of an abnormality in a chemical reactor. The present invention is an invention of a solid substance concentration managing method of managing a concentration of a solid substance which is contained in a residue that is discharged in a reaction product gas processing step included in a trichlorosilane producing method, the solid substance concentration managing method including a concentration measuring step of measuring the concentration of the solid substance which is contained in an after-crystallization residue that is obtained by crystallizing part of aluminum chloride.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to anti-corrosion sol-gel material. In particular, the disclosure relates to a cross-linked sol-gel material comprising a first colloidal sol gel made from silanols having an epoxy functionality and a second colloidal sol gel made from silanols having a thiol functionality.

Abstract: A process for preparing a nanometric zeolite Y of FAU structural type with a crystal size of less than 100 nm and an A/B ratio of greater than 2, by mixing, in aqueous medium, of at least one source AO2 of at least one tetravalent element A chosen from silicon, germanium and titanium, of at least one source BOb of at least one trivalent element B chosen from aluminum, boron, iron, indium and gallium, of at least one source C2/mO of an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal C chosen from lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, where source C2/mO also includes at least one source of hydroxide ions, to obtain a gel, maturation and hydrothermal treatment of the gel.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a molecular sieve belonging to the ABC-6 framework family with disorder in the ABC stacking sequence essentially composed of double-six-ring periodic building units and having a mole ratio of silicon oxide to aluminum oxide from about 8 to about 60.

Abstract: Disclosed is a synthesis process of a crystalline material with the CHA structure, which comprises the following steps: i) Preparation of a mixture that comprises one source of water, one source of a tetravalent element Y, one source of an alkaline or alkaline earth cation (A), one source of a trivalent element X, and one organic molecule (OSDA1) with the structure [R1R2R3R4N+]Q?, being the molar composition: n X2O3:YO2:a A:m OSDA1:z H2O, ii) crystallisation of the mixture obtained in i) in a reactor, iii) recovery of the crystalline material obtained in ii).

Abstract: Disclosed is a synthesis process of a crystalline material with the CHA structure, which comprises the following steps: i) Preparation of a mixture that comprises one source of water, one source of a tetravalent element Y, one source of an alkaline or alkaline earth cation (A), one source of a trivalent element X, and one organic molecule (OSDA1) with the structure [R1R2R3R4N+]Q?, being the molar composition: n X2O3:YO2:a A:m OSDA:z H2O, ii) crystallisation of the mixture obtained in i) in a reactor, iii) recovery of the crystalline material obtained in ii).

Abstract: Disclosed is a synthesis process of a crystalline material with the CHA structure, which comprises the following steps: i) Preparation of a mixture that comprises one source of water, one source of a tetravalent element Y, one source of an alkaline or alkaline earth cation (A), one source of a trivalent element X, and one organic molecule (OSDA1) with the structure [R1R2R3R4N+]Q?, being the molar composition: n X2O3:YO2:a A:m OSDA1:z H2O, ii) crystallisation of the mixture obtained in i) in a reactor, iii) recovery of the crystalline material obtained in ii).

Abstract: Disclosed is a synthesis process of a crystalline material with the CHA structure, which comprises the following steps: i) Preparation of a mixture that comprises one source of water, one source of a tetravalent element Y, one source of an alkaline or alkaline earth cation (A), one source of a trivalent element X, and one organic molecule (OSDA1) with the structure [R1R2R3R4N+]Q?, being the molar composition: n X2O3:YO2:a A:m OSDA1:z H2O, ii) crystallisation of the mixture obtained in i) in a reactor, iii) recovery of the crystalline material obtained in ii).

Abstract: This invention relates generally to a system and process for recovery of select minerals and lithium from a geothermal brine. The system and process are configured for the sequential recovery of zinc, manganese, and lithium from a Salton Sea Known Geothermal Resource Area brine. The system and process includes: 1) an impurity removal circuit; then 2) a continuous counter-current ion exchange (CCIX) circuit for selectively recovering lithium chloride from the brine flow and concentrating it using a CCIX unit; and then 3) a lithium chloride conversion circuit for converting lithium chloride to lithium carbonate or lithium hydroxide product.

Abstract: A ceria composite particle dispersion has ceria composite particles having an average particle size of 50 to 350 nm and having the features described below. Each ceria composite particle has a mother particle, a cerium-containing silica layer on the surface thereof, and child particles dispersed inside the cerium-containing silica layer, the mother particles being amorphous silica-based and the child particles being crystalline ceria-based. The child particles have a coefficient of variation (CV value) in a particle size distribution of 14 to 40%. The ceria composite particles have a mass ratio of silica to ceria of 100:11-316. Only the crystal phase of ceria is detected when the ceria composite particles are subjected to X-ray diffraction. The average crystallite size of the crystalline ceria measured by subjecting the ceria composite particles to X-ray diffraction is 10 to 25 nm.

Abstract: A fine particle in which a surface of a copper oxide fine particle (a) is coated with a coating layer (b) containing a monovalent copper compound, in which the fine particle has a specific surface area of 100 m2/g or greater, an average primary particle diameter in a range of 5 to 20 nm, and an average secondary particle diameter in a range of 5 to 50 nm, is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a zinc nitride compound suitable for electronic devices such as high-speed transistors, high-efficiency visible light-emitting devices, high-efficiency solar cells, and high-sensitivity visible light sensors. The zinc nitride compound is represented, for example, by the chemical formula CaZn2N2 or the chemical formula X12ZnN2 wherein X1 is Be or Mg. The zinc nitride compound is preferably synthesized at a high pressure of 1 GPa or more.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing potassium titanate, and the present invention provides a method for producing potassium titanate which uses anatase-phased titanium dioxide to simplify the process by a hydrothermal method, and thus may improve economical efficiency and productivity, and in which the reaction temperature, the reaction time and the molar ratio of a precursor may be controlled to produce a high-purity potassium titanate whisker having a nano size of an uniform shape.

Abstract: A particulate TiO2 includes a TiO2 content of at least 99 wt.-%, an anatase content of at least 98 wt.-%, a primary crystallite size X50 of at least 200 nm, a numerical fraction of TiO2 with a primary crystallite size of at most 100 nm of at most 10%, a specific surface area of at most 8 m2/g as determined by BET measurements, 1200 ppm to 2400 ppm of alkali with respect to the TiO2 content, an Al content of 1 ppm to 1000 ppm, expressed as Al and with respect to the TiO2 content, a weight ratio of Al2O3 to Nb2O5 of from 0.17 to 0.74, and 0.1 wt.-% to 0.3 wt.-% of P, expressed as phosphorus and with respect to the TiO2 content.

Abstract: Provided are a positive electrode active material with which a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a high energy density can be obtained, a nickel-manganese composite hydroxide suitable as a precursor of the positive electrode active material, and production methods capable of easily producing these in an industrial scale. Provided is a nickel-manganese composite hydroxide represented by General Formula (1): NixMnyMz(OH)2+? and containing a secondary particle formed of a plurality of flocculated primary particles. The nickel-manganese composite hydroxide has a half width of a diffraction peak of a (001) plane obtained by X-ray diffraction measurement of at least 0.10° and up to 0.40° and has a degree of sparsity/density represented by [(void area within secondary particle/cross section of secondary particle)×100](%) of at least 0.5% and up to 10%. Also provided is a production method of the nickel-manganese composite hydroxide.

Abstract: High-quality non-stoichiometric NiOx nanoparticles are synthesized by a facile chemical precipitation method. The NiOx film can function as an effective p-type semiconductor or hole transport layer (HTL) without any post-treatments, while offering wide temperature applicability from room-temperature to 150° C. For demonstrating the potential applications, high efficiency is achieved in organic solar cells using NiOx HTL. Better performance in NiOx based organic light emitting diodes is obtained as compared to devices using PEDOT:PSS. The solution-processed NiOx semiconductors at room temperature can favor a wide-range of applications of large-area and flexible optoelectronics.

Abstract: A sewage treatment system includes a main box and a can-type filter arranged on a side of the main box. A power source, a controller, a data memory, a temperature and humidity sensor, a wireless communication transmission unit, a BLUETOOTH transmission unit and an alertor are arranged inside the main box. The data memory, the temperature and humidity sensor, the wireless communication transmission unit, the BLUETOOTH transmission unit, and the alertor are electrically connected with the controller. The main box is externally connected with a conveying pipeline to convey the sewage into an interior of the main box. A primary filter, a secondary filter and a tertiary filter are sequentially arranged in an interior of the main box from top to bottom.

Abstract: A process for continuously treating a stream of water (for example, a stream of oil and gas well wastewater) to remove contaminants therefrom is provided. The process comprises: a) testing the stream of water to determine if it contains biological matter and, if necessary, removing biological matter from the stream; b) testing the pH level of the stream and, if necessary, adjusting the pH level of the stream; c) separating the stream of water into a sludge discharge stream and a separator unit effluent stream; d) separating the separator unit effluent stream into a steam discharge stream and a concentrated brine stream; and e) separating the concentrated brine stream into a chlorine gas stream and at least one of a sodium stream and a calcium stream. A corresponding system is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods method of treating wastewater. The method comprises measuring total organic carbons (TOC) in a stream of wastewater (202) from a processing plant (204), wherein the TOCs are measured in the stream of wastewater (202) at an inlet to a flotation thickener (208), providing the measured TOC's to a processing device (210), determining, based on the measured TOCs in the stream of wastewater (202), a treatment protocol for the stream of wastewater (202), and treating the wastewater stream (202) by controlling a feed control unit (212) in accordance with the determined treatment protocol.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide metal ligand nanoparticles, particles including the metal ligand nanoparticles, filters including the metal ligand nanoparticles and/or particles, devices and systems for filtering a fluid, compositions including the metal ligand nanoparticles, and the like.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for reducing the level of a cyanotoxin in cyanotoxin contaminated-water. The electrolytic destruction methods can include contacting the contaminated water with an electrochemical cell in the presence of a magnesium salt and applying an electrical current to the water for a time and in an amount sufficient to oxidize the cyanotoxin. The methods are useful for treatment of lake water, reservoir water, pond water, river water, or irrigation water and any water that serves as a source of drinking water.

Abstract: A salt cell chlorinator adapted to run a self-cleaning program by scraping off residual buildup, the salt cell chlorinator having: electrodes arranged a line within a housing, each electrode having: a round shape; a first face; and a second face; rotary wipers arranged within the line of the electrodes, such that each rotary wiper is adapted to make contact with at least one electrode of the electrodes, wherein each rotary wiper is adapted to rotate on the first face or the second face of the electrodes; a drive motor adapted to cause a rotation of the rotary wipers; a control panel adapted to customize the self-cleaning program to run at a predetermined time interval; wherein the rotation of the rotary wipers removes the residual buildup from the electrodes; and wherein the predetermined time interval occurs between occurrences of the chlorination program.

Abstract: A system and method for advanced oxidation (10) of treated sewage effluent provide additional treatment to treated sewage effluent (TSE) for reuse thereof. The method includes exposing TSE to ozone and hydrogen peroxide to oxidize contaminants; coagulating remaining waste in the TSE; flocculating the coagulated TSE; holding the flocculated treated sewage effluent in a settling tank for sedimentation; removing coarse suspended particles from the flocculated TSE by filtration after sedimentation; and removing fine suspended particles by ultrafiltration of the TSE after removing the coarse suspended particles. The system includes a chemical mixing tank (16); a homogenizing tank (22); an advanced oxidation process system (24); a rapid mixer; a flocculation tank (28); a sedimentation tank (32); a sand filter (34); and at least one ultrafiltration system (38), (36).

Abstract: The invention provides a method for removing a dissolved heavy metal from an aqueous solution. The method comprises dissolving in the aqueous solution a foaming agent of formula (I) or a salt thereof. The method further comprises passing a gas through the aqueous solution to form a foam and separating the foam from the aqueous solution.

Abstract: The present tourmaline treatment device includes a housing, and a container disposed in the housing so as to partition the inside of the housing into an upstream space and a downstream space and contain tourmaline granules. The container includes an upstream partition wall facing the upstream space and a downstream partition wall facing the downstream space. The upstream partition wall is provided with a plurality of inflow holes for introducing cooling water into the container from the upstream space, and the downstream partition wall is provided with a plurality of outflow holes for allowing cooling water to flow out from the container into the downstream space. The container further includes flow velocity control means for increasing flow velocity of cooling water passing through the inside of the container.

Abstract: A method for treating sulfide in an aqueous fluid comprises contacting the fluid with an oxidizer in the presence of a sulfur dye or sulfurized vat dye. In one embodiment, the method comprises treating sulfide contaminated water by contacting the contaminated water with air in the presence of a sulfur dye or a sulfurized vat dye. The method is useful for remediating industrial, agricultural, and municipal waste water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment. In the present invention, the reactor is provided with a double-shell reactor, a coaxial nozzle, an inner shell structure, evaporated water injection pipes and the like, so it is assured that the wastewater is inject into the reactor at a room temperature and is degraded thoroughly; moreover, with the evaporated water, the corrosion, salt deposition and local overheating in the reactor are prevented, so that the reaction process is guaranteed to be stable and reliable. and through a fuel system, a hydrothermal flame is formed in the reactor, so that the concentrated waste liquid injected into the reactor at the room temperature can be preheated to a supercritical reaction temperature, and the waste liquid is prevented from coking, scaling and the like in a preheating stage.

Abstract: An anaerobic purification device for purification of wastewater, the anaerobic purification device comprising: a reactor tank (10) configured to, when in operation, have a sludge blanket formed at the bottom part; a fluid inlet (12) for, in operation, introducing influent into the reactor tank, the fluid inlet located in the lower section of the reactor tank (10); at least one gas-collecting system (13); at least one gas-liquid separation device (30); at least one riser pipe (22) connected to the at least one gas-collecting system (13) and discharging into the gas-liquid separation device (30); a downer pipe (24) connected to the gas-liquid separation device (30) and discharging into the bottom of the reactor tank (10); and a fluid outlet (16) comprising means for, in operation, varying the height of the fluid level (19) in the reactor tank within a predetermined range, the fluid outlet arranged at the upper section of the reactor tank (10); wherein the fluid level control means comprises: a fluid valve

Abstract: A system and method for combined microorganism degradation and air sparging-soil vapor extraction (AS-AVE) of oil-containing sludge can include a microorganism-adding unit, an AS-SVE unit, a metering-feeding layer, a mixing layer, a material discharging layer and a crawler-type conveyor. In some embodiments the microorganism-adding unit and the AS-SVE unit can include a microorganism storage tank and an AS-SVE storage tank. In some embodiments, the metering-feeding layer can include a valve, a pressure gauge, a flowmeter, a feeding chamber. In some embodiments, the mixing layer can include pipeline connectors and a stirrer. In some embodiments, the material discharging layer is mainly for transporting the treated soil away.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating wastewater. The method includes treating an influent flow of raw wastewater from one or more sources in a harvestable algae biofilm treatment system. The treated wastewater is then delivered to one or more wastewater treatment lagoons or a mechanized biological treatment system for additional treatment. Also disclosed is a system for treating wastewater.

Abstract: A method for treating wastewater is disclosed. The method is useful in particular for treating wastewater that is generated from the process of drilling, hydraulic fracturing and/or cleaning a bore of an oil or natural gas well bore. The method may include performing cold lime softening of the wastewater to form waste salt flocs, filtration of waste salt flocs, ozonation of the filtrate from the filtration, and reverse osmosis of the filtrate to produce a purified permeate.

Abstract: The present disclosure of a sewage treatment device includes a compression tank that is cylinderically shaped, a stirring structure communicated with the compression tank by a first intermediate pipe, and a detection box communicated with the stirring structure by a second intermediate pipe. A telescopic driving cylinder is arranged on an upper portion of the compression tank and a conveying pipe is connected to a top surface of the compression tank to deliver external sewage to an interior of the compression tank. A diameter of the conveying pipe ranges from 8-15 cm; A filter interlayer is arranged in an interior of the compression tank and the filter interlayer is annular. An end of a driving shaft of the telescopic drive cylinder is connected with a compression body. An outer periphery of the compression body is contacted with an inner wall of the filter interlayer.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for utilizing lead-tag configuration with ion exchange systems to increase process efficiency, increase media utilization, and reduce system downtime.

Abstract: A method of molding a window for a display device includes: forming curved side surfaces and curved corners of the window, by pressing a heated preliminary window glass to a mold. The mold includes: a flat portion corresponding to a flat display portion of the display device; a window side surface bending portion corresponding to the side surfaces of the display device; and a window corner bending portion corresponding to the corners of the display device. The forming the curved side surfaces of the window includes pressing the heated preliminary window glass against the window side surface bending portion of the mold; and after the forming of the curved side surfaces, forming the curved corners and a flat portion of the window by further pressing the heated preliminary window glass respectively against the window corner bending portion and the flat portion of the mold.

Abstract: A device for the shaping of glass bodies, in particular of pharmaceutical vials, comprises a clamping chuck for holding a glass body, a rotary drive for driving the clamping chuck rotatingly, further at least one heat source for heating a glass body held within the clamping chuck, and further a controller which is coupled to the rotary drive so that the clamping chuck can be driven at variable rotational speed.

Abstract: A glass plate bend-breaking machine 1 includes: a flexible endless belt 3; a supporting member 4 for supporting the endless belt 3; two glass plate receiving devices 7 and 7a respectively having glass plate receiving surfaces 6 and 6a; moving devices 8 and 8a for respectively moving the glass plate receiving devices 7 and 7a in an X direction and a Y direction perpendicular to the X direction; two press-breaking devices 9 and 9a; and moving devices 10 and 10a for respectively moving the press-breaking devices 9 and 9a in the X direction and the Y direction perpendicular to the X direction.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an optical fiber preform used to produce an optical fiber includes: etching a surface of a core preform that forms a core of the optical fiber with a plasma flame in a chamber; obtaining a porous preform by depositing glass particles on an etched surface of the core preform to form an outside vapor-deposited layer that forms a cladding of the optical fiber in a state where the core preform is put into the chamber; and heating and sintering the porous preform. When obtaining the porous preform, the outside vapor-deposited layer is formed by repeatedly performing the deposition of the glass particles multiple times through supply of source material gas. In a first deposition among the multiple times of deposition of the glass particles, a flow rate of the source material gas is less than or equal to 50% of a stable value.