Abstract: Provided is a preparation method of near-infrared silver sulfide quantum dots. The silver sulfide quantum dots have hydrophilic groups derived from a mercapto-containing hydrophilic reagent attached on the surface thereof, and the hydrophilic reagent is any one of mercaptoacetic acid, mercaptopropionic acid, cysteine, cysteamine, thioctic acid and ammonium mercaptoacetate or any combination thereof. The silver sulfide quantum dots have high fluorescence yield, good fluorescence stability, good biocompatibility and uniform sizes. The preparation method has moderate reaction conditions, simple operation, short production cycle, good reproducibility and is easy to control. The silver sulfide quantum dots can be used in the application of cellular imaging and biological tissue imaging.

Abstract: The present application discloses a method of preparing a luminescent nano-sheet. The method includes preparing a precursor emulsion solution containing a metal halide and RNH3X, and having a molar ratio of metal halide to RNH3X in a range of approximately 0.6 to approximately 0.8; demulsifying the precursor emulsion solution to obtain a perovskite quantum dots material and a demulsified solution; and forming the luminescent nano-sheet by allowing the perovskite quantum dots material self-assemble into the luminescent nano-sheet. X is a halide, R is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl.

Abstract: Disclosed is a carrier particle, comprising a sphere and a sub-sphere on the surface of the sphere; the sphere and/or at least one sub-sphere comprise at least one type of quantum dots. Also disclosed is a method for preparing the carrier particle, mainly by connecting at least one nanosphere to a microsphere, and the microsphere and/or the nanosphere are loaded with at least one type of quantum dots.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure and a light-emitting device having a light-emitting diode and a plurality of semiconductor structures are disclosed. In an embodiment, the semiconductor structure includes an elongated seed particle including a first semiconductor material, wherein the seed particle has an aspect ratio of greater than 2.0, and wherein the semiconductor structure is part of or forms a quantum dot.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing concentrated solutions of polymerization inhibitor, that can be used for the production, purification and storage of monomer compositions. This process comprises a step in which at least one polymerization inhibitor in the molten state is mixed with a solvent.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal layer contains a liquid crystal composition between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first common electrode contains a transparent conductive material on the first substrate. The second common electrode contains a transparent conductive material on the second substrate. The pixel electrode contains a transparent conductive material. Distances R between the pixel electrode and the common electrode is smaller than distance G between the first substrate and the second substrate. The common electrode is disposed closer to the first substrate than the pixel electrode over nearly the entire surface of the first substrate. The liquid crystal composition has negative dielectric anisotropy and contains one or two or more compounds selected from the group of compounds represented by General Formula (i), General Formula (ii), and General Formula (iii).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first base substrate, a second base substrate, an electrode part, and a liquid crystal layer. The second base substrate is disposed opposite to the first base substrate. The electrode part is disposed on at least one of the first base substrate and the second base substrate. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first base substrate and the second base substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition includes at least one kind of liquid crystal compounds including a cyclopentadienyl group.

Abstract: The liquid crystal composition contains one or two or more compounds represented by general formula (I): and one or two or more compounds represented by general formula (J).

Abstract: The invention relates to mixed alkali-aluminum phosphites of the formula (I) Al2.00Mz(HPO3)y(OH)vx(H2O)w??(I) in which M represents alkali metal ions, z is 0.01 to 1.5, y is 2.63 to 3.5, v is 0 to 2, w is 0 to 4; to a process for preparation thereof and to the use thereof.

Abstract: A flame-retardant sugar derivative, a process for forming a flame-retardant sugar derivative, and an article of manufacture comprising a flame-retardant sugar derivative are disclosed. The flame-retardant sugar derivative can be synthesized from sorbitol, gluconic acid, or glucaric acid obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety. The process for forming the flame-retardant sugar derivative can include reacting sorbitol, gluconic acid, or glucaric acid and a flame-retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame-retardant sugar derivative.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuous conversion of hydro carbonaceous materials to condensable, non-condensable and solid hydrocarbon products, comprising at least one extruder capable of providing shear force and heat and having three or more treatment zones, a continuous process thermal kiln reactor, said extruder and said kiln reactor being in fluid communication, means for transporting hydro carbonaceous materials through the apparatus, and between said extruder and said kiln reactor, means for feeding said hydrocarbonaceous materials to the apparatus, means for heating said hydrocarbonaceous materials, means for removing vapor products from said apparatus, means for removing solid products from said apparatus, and means whereby said hydrocarbonaceous materials are maintained within the zones for a range of defined temperature and residence times, wherein said extruder has at least three zones, and said kiln reactor comprises at least two zones, whereby said hydrocarbonaceous material is subjected to a plurality o

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing hydrocarbons by operating a Fischer-Tropsch reactor comprising a fixed bed of reduced Fischer-Tropsch catalyst that comprises cobalt as catalytically active metal. Further, the present invention relates to a mixture of hydrocarbons obtainable by said Fischer-Tropsch reaction.

Abstract: A process for the production of synthetically produced methane (57)/gaseous and/or liquid hydrocarbons (114, 115, 116, 117). For this purpose, hydrogen (44, 84, 150) from an electrolytic arrangement (41, 81, 151, 159) which is operated by means of regeneratively generated electric energy and carbon dioxide (19, 46, 86) are synthesized in a methane synthesis (FIGS. 2-48) or Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FIGS. 3-96) or other suitable hydrocarbon synthesis, the carbon dioxide (19, 46, 86) being produced from an air/gas flow (3, 134) by means of a carbon dioxide recovery system (FIG. 1). The carbon dioxide (19, 46, 86) is obtained from the air/gas flow (3, 134) in the carbon dioxide recovery system (FIG. 1) by way of a reversible adsorption process.

Abstract: A method comprising a combination and sequential methods to: a.-)Produce solid vacuum residue, b.-) Melt the solid vacuum residue, and c.-)Heat the melted Solid Vacuum residue. This invention applies to any single or mixture of hydrocarbons including one or more heavy crude oils, extra heavy crude oils, tar sands and/or bitumens, (named heavy feedstocks). The heavy feedstock is processed in the production field or a nearby location using atmospheric, vacuum distillation and a solid forming unit, to produce liquid distillates and a solid vacuum residue resulting from a deep cut point of the heavy vacuum gasoil. The Solid Vacuum Residue is melted and heated at the destination to be used as feedstocks in refineries deep conversion units to optimize operations and economics.This invention reduces the diluent imports at the heavy feedstocks production fields used for its production and/or its transportation.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for pretreatment and upgrading of crude bio oils for further processing and/or use as fuel products. Crude bio oils can be treated by one or more of flash fractionation and thermal cracking to generate fractions suitable for further processing, such as further hydroprocessing. Blending of crude bio oil fractions with mineral feeds can also be used to reduce metals contents to levels suitable for refinery processing.

Abstract: A system for producing an American Petroleum Institute Standards Group III Base Stock from vacuum gas oil, by injecting hydrogen, heating, saturating the mixture through hydrogen reactors connected in series with a liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV)?1 of from 0.5 to 2.5, forming a saturated heated base oil, and coproduct. The system fractionates the saturated heated base oil to while simultaneously refluxing a cooled fuel oil fraction forming an American Petroleum Institute Standards Group III Base Stock with less than 0.03% sulfur, with greater than 90% saturates and a viscosity index greater than 120 as defined by ASTM D-2270, a viscosity from 2 to 10 centistokes as defined by ASTM D-445 a boiling range from 600 degrees F. to 1050 degrees F., and a cold crank viscosity (CCS) between 1200 and 5000 centipoise at ?25 degrees C. and as defined by ASTM D-5293.

Abstract: Non-condensable gas is used as an alternate to steam at hydrocarbon processing facilities removing any steam requirements thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and improving profitability through capital and operating cost reductions. The non-condensable gas serves at least two functions sequentially in heavy hydrocarbon processing; firstly, providing the non-condensable gas as a stripping medium to evolve lighter hydrocarbons from the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock followed by secondly directing the same non-condensable gas and any evolved non-condensable gas at operating conditions for use as at least one of heat through combustion or power through electricity generation.

Abstract: Systems for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock, where the system is operable to selectively reform different sub-components of the hydrocarbon feedstock using at least two structurally-distinct reforming catalysts. Advantages may include a decreased rate of reforming catalyst deactivation and an increased yield of a liquid hydrocarbon reformate product that is characterized by at least one of an increased octane rating and a decreased vapor pressure compared to the liquid hydrocarbon reformate product of conventional one-step reforming systems.

Abstract: A gasifier may include a chamber wall defining a gasification chamber configured to allow gasification of feedstock material. The gasifier may also include an ash grate disposed in the gasification chamber. The gasifier may further include a rotary crusher disposed in the gasification chamber above the ash grate. The rotary crusher may include at least one crushing element. The rotary crusher may be configured to break apart, between the at least one crushing element and an opposing surface, the feedstock material responsive to rotation of the rotary crusher.

Abstract: A biodegradable, non-toxic lubricant is described. Also described are methods of using the composition, and processes of making it.

Abstract: This invention discloses an improved process which employs mixed alpha-olefins as feed over activated metallocene catalyst systems to provide essentially random liquid polymers particularly useful in lubricant components or as functional fluids

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition and method of operating a boosted internal combustion engine. The lubricating oil composition includes greater than 50 wt. % of a base oil, one or more overbased calcium-containing detergents having a TBN greater than 225 mg KOH/g and one or more magnesium-containing detergents. A total amount of calcium from the one or more overbased calcium-containing detergents is from 900 ppm to less than 2400 ppm by weight, and a total amount of magnesium from the one or more magnesium-containing detergents is from 50 ppm to 500 ppm by weight, both based on a total weight of the lubricating oil composition. The lubricating oil composition and the method of using it are effective to reduce low speed pre-ignition events in a boosted internal combustion engine lubricated with the lubricating oil composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricant composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and 0.01 wt % to 15 wt % of a protic acid salt of an N-hydrocarbyl-substituted gamma- (?-) or delta- (?-)amino(thio)ester. The invention further relates to a method of lubricating a mechanical device with the lubricant composition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of using a water-based coolant for quenching or cutting a metal material. The water-based coolant is formed of: water; at least one inorganic acid salt selected from the group consisting of a carbonate, a hydrogen carbonate, a sesquicarbonate, a phosphate, a borate, a molybdate and a tungstate; a metal corrosion inhibitor; and optionally at least one of a bactericide, a water-soluble rust inhibitor, an antioxidant and a detergent dispersant.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for obtaining monocarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids from unsaturated carboxylic acids and/or their derivatives. The said process comprises an oxidative cleavage reaction of vicinal diols into which are fed at least some of the aqueous phase separated out at the end of the reaction itself and at least one base so that the pH of the aqueous solution at the start of the oxidative cleavage reaction is between 4 and 7.

Abstract: The invention discloses synergistic combinations of extended chain surfactants which can form microemulsions without the need for a linker/co-surfactant. In certain embodiments a surfactant system is disclosed which includes extended nonionic surfactants, with an internal PO linker having a chain length of about 5 to 8, may be capped, or include a Guerbet alcohol hydrophobe. This system forms stable emulsions or microemulsions with oils, including non-trans fats proteins, and fatty acids. The invention also includes cleaning compositions, such as hard surface cleaners, warewash detergents, rinse aids and the like which incorporate the same.

Abstract: A neutral or acidic automatic dishwashing detergent composition including a nitrogen containing compound selected from the group consisting of imidazoles, pyrazoles, benzothiazoles, benzimidazoles, indoles, benzotriazoles, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cleaning agent having improved cleaning performance wherein the agent comprises a first protease and a second protease and to a cleaning method, particularly an automatic cleaning method in which this agent is used.

Abstract: A cleaning composition for sanitizing and/or disinfecting hard surfaces, comprising: a cationic biocide, surfactant and low levels of VOC solvents. The cleaning composition is adapted to clean a variety of hard surfaces without leaving behind a visible residue and creates low levels of streaking and filming on the treated surface. The cleaning composition contains less than 5% by weight of VOCs. The cleaning composition may be used alone as a liquid or spray formulation or in combination with a substrate, for example, a pre-loaded cleaning wipe.

Abstract: Detergents useful for cold-water cleaning and mid-chain headgroup and alkylene-bridged surfactants useful therein are disclosed. The mid-chain headgroup surfactant has a C14-C30 alkyl chain and a polar group bonded to a central zone carbon of the alkyl chain. The alkylene-bridged surfactant has a C12-C18 alkyl chain, a polar group, and a C1-C2 alkylene group bonded to the polar group and a central zone carbon of the C12-C18 alkyl chain. Preferred surfactants in these classes are alcohol sulfates, alcohol ethoxylates, ether sulfates, sulfonates, arylsulfonates, alcohol phosphates, amine oxides, quaterniums, betaines, and sulfobetaines. Surprisingly, detergents formulated with the surfactants provide outstanding cold-water performance in removing greasy stains such as bacon grease, butter, cooked beef fat, or beef tallow from soiled articles.

Abstract: Cleaning compositions that include an insoluble cationically-modified cellulose and external structurant. Methods of making and using such cleaning compositions.

Abstract: Cleaning compositions that include an insoluble cationically-modified cellulose and a soluble performance polymer. Methods of making and using such cleaning compositions.

Abstract: The invention includes a solid rinse aid that is particularly designed for pressed or extrusion solid formation and which is effective for spotless surfaces after rinsing, especially rinsing metals without corrosion. According to the invention, a solid acid is combined with a short-chain alkylbenzene and alkyl naphthalene sulfonate. The short-chain alkylbenzene and alkyl naphthalene sulfonate act as a solidification agent as well as a hydrotrope, and total dissolved solid (TDS) active and are combined with at least one nonionic low foaming surfactant.

Abstract: Methods for making soap powder of the current invention using a double boiler system in which the direct heating and boiling of the mixture was avoided. A method for making soap powder of the current invention at room temperature. The soap powders of the current invention of a preferred starting composition of 49 g sodium hydroxide, 250 ml vegetable oil, and 220 g water.

Abstract: Microfluidic devices and methods for perfusing a cell with perfusion fluid are provided herein, wherein the gravitational forces acting on the cell to keep the cell at or near a retainer or a retaining position exceed the hydrodynamic forces acting on the cell to move it toward an outlet. Also provided, are methods for assaying cell products within the microfluidic device.

Abstract: A bio-reactive container and filter assembly to improve flow rates and mass transfer without increased pressure. An inlet filter membrane secured to the container defines a container chamber in combination with the container. An inlet filter membrane element may also be secured to the container to provide structural support to the membrane. An outlet membrane secured to the container defines a container chamber in combination with the container. An outlet filter membrane element may also be secured to the container to provide structural support to the outlet membrane. Inlet and/or outlet filters and/or filter elements are constructed to significantly increase surface area available for fluid and/or gas ingress and/or egress. Single and double layer membranes with mixtures of hydrophobic and hydrophilic characteristics are used to maximize perfusion and gasification/degasification of bio-reactive containers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel plasma induced mutation breeding device which comprises: a sample treatment system including a sterile working compartment free of bioactive contaminant; a plasma generator; a radio frequency (RF) power module connected with the plasma generator; a cooling system for cooling the plasma generator; a detection system including a gas flow controller for controlling the gas flow which generates the plasma jet and a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the jet emitted by the plasma generator; and a control system with an operation panel and a controller for controlling the operation of the mutation breeding device, wherein the controller is connected with the RF power module, gas flow controller, temperature sensor, cooling system as well as the operation panel, respectively, and said plasma generator stably emits the plasma jet at 37±3° C. during the biological sample processing.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to systems and methods for sampling and/or controlling the productivity of a bioreactor.

Abstract: An automated biological sample collection system and methods are disclosed. The system comprises an incubator, an applicator and a sampler. The incubator is configured to control the environment of a plurality of eggs, the applicator is configured to deliver exogenous material to the plurality of eggs, at least one sampler is configured to collect samples from the plurality of eggs, invasively or non-invasively and a system controller is operable to drive the various components of the system automatically according to assay specifications and configuration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for improving the solubility of dry cell culture media. Some dry powder cell culture media show poor dissolving properties and result in turbid solutions when they are dissolved in aqueous solutions. Using a stepwise procedure in which the amino acids present in the non-dissolving part are identified and added to a new batch in other particle sizes significantly reduces that problem.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are cell cultures comprising definitive endoderm cells and methods of producing the same. Also disclosed herein are cell populations comprising substantially purified definitive endoderm cells as well as methods for enriching, isolating and purifying definitive endoderm cells from other cell types.

Abstract: Sperm mobility and impregnation of an oocyte is enhanced by placing sperm in an aqueous solution of phospholipids prior to in vitro fertilization or artificial insemination. The aqueous phospholipid solution can also be used during storage or cryopreservation of the sperm. Also, the motility of sperm produced or ejaculated and the environment into which it is placed is enhanced my ingestion of the phospholipid composition by the male or female, or a vaginal placement of compositions containing the phospholipids.

Abstract: The composition for producing neural stem cells provided by the present invention contains an artificially synthesized synthetic peptide having a neural stem cell-inducing peptide sequence that induces neural stem cells from fibroblasts, and one or two or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. The neural stem cell-inducing peptide sequence is any of (i) an amino acid sequence constituting a signal peptide of any protein belonging to the amyloid precursor protein (APP) family, (ii) a partial amino acid sequence of the amino acid sequence of (i), and (iii) a modified amino acid sequence of the amino acid sequence of (i) or (ii).

Abstract: The invention provides an isolated, purified population of human cells comprising CD8+ T cells with reduced Cbl-b activity. The invention provides uses of such cells in methods for inducing or enhancing an anti-tumor immune response in a subject. These methods comprise: (a) providing a cell population, from a subject or from another source, which comprises CD8+ T cells, (b) reducing Cbl-b activity in the CD8+ T-cells, (c) administering the cells of step (b) to the subject. The invention provides methods for making CD8+ T cells that do not require stimulation through a co-receptor in order for the cell to become activated or proliferated in response to contact via its T cell receptor. Such methods are based upon reducing function of Cbl-b. The invention also provides methods for identifying agents which affect Cbl-b expression or activity.

Abstract: Mesenchymal precursors cells have been isolated from perivascular niches from a range of tissues utilizing a perivascular marker. A new mesenchymal precursor cell phenotype is described characterized by the presence of the perivascular marker 3G5, and preferably also alpha smooth muscle actin together with early developmental markers such as MUC 18, VCAM-1 and STRO-1bri. The perivascular mesenchymal precursor cell is multipotential and is shown to form, vascular tissue, as well as bone marrow dentin and pulp. A method of enriching using cell sorting based on these markers is also described.

Abstract: The invention provides for isolated population of pulp marrow similar cells (DPMSCs) and methods for isolating and using these cells. The population of DPMSCs are highly homogenous for CD10, CD29, CD13, CD44, CD49a, CD49d, CD59, CD73, CDw90, CD105, Oct-4 Isoform A and B, Nanog, Sox-2, and SSEA-4.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for increasing the expression of MAFA in cells expressing markers characteristic of the pancreatic endocrine lineage comprising the steps of culturing the cells expressing markers characteristic of the pancreatic endocrine lineage in medium comprising a sufficient amount of a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor to cause an increase in expression of MAFA.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of culturing an adherent mammalian cell in a shake tube using a plurality of microcarriers and batch re-feed perfusion, and various methods that utilize these culturing methods.

Abstract: Disclosed is a new process for the production of recombinant proteins, by transient transfection of suspension-grown human embryonic kidney cells (293 cell line and its genetic variants) with an expression vector, using polyethylenimine (PEI) as a transfection reagent. In a preferred embodiment, the process uses 293E cells expressing the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) EBNA 1 protein, in combination with an oriP-based episomal expression vector having an improved cytomegalovirus expression cassette comprising the CMV5 promoter. The process combines in a single step the cell growth, transfection and protein expression, is carried out without changing the culture medium, and allows to achieve high expression levels in a short period of time. The process may be carried out in a serum-free, low-protein culture medium, is easily scalable, compatible with continuous production processes, and fully adapted to high-throughput production of milligram quantities of recombinant proteins.

Abstract: Unnatural, mutated thioesterases having an amino acid sequence that is at least 80% identical to SEQ. ID. NO: 1 and having substitutions at one or more of amino acid positions I107, R108, L109, S122, M141, E142, Y145, and L146, gene constructs encoding and configured to express the mutated thioesterases in a transformed host cell and host cells transformed to contain the gene constructs.