Abstract: A high pressure compressor has a downstream most end. A housing surrounds the compressor section and a turbine section. A low pressure turbine has a downstream most end. A first tap selectively taps high pressure cooling air from a location downstream of the downstream most end in the high pressure compressor and passes the high pressure cooling air through a heat exchanger. A second tap taps compressed air from a location upstream of the downstream most end in the high pressure compressor, and passes air over the heat exchanger, cooling the high pressure cooling air. A chamber is defined between the core engine housing and a nacelle airflow wall, and the second tap air flows through the chamber. The second tap air moves from the chamber into a core engine flow at a location downstream of the downstream most end of the low pressure turbine.

Abstract: A case for a gas turbine engine includes a case wall and a boss that extends from the case wall. The boss includes a perimeter step.

Abstract: Mobile power generation systems and methods for minimizing bending forces associated with support include providing a trailer including a rear end, a front end, a bottom end, and a top end, a gas turbine housed inside the trailer, an electrical generator coupled to the gas turbine to generate electricity and housed inside the trailer, and one or more support jacks configured to support a base at the bottom end of the trailer with respect to a ground. The base includes a closed cell base structure, the closed cell base structure including a rigid surface to be mounted on top of the one or more support jacks, the closed cell base structure configured to include a sufficient amount of torsional stiffness to provide torsional stability and assist with distribution of uneven loads due to variance of forces from the one or more support jacks against the rigid surface.

Abstract: A minimum pressure shut-off valve closes off fuel flow responsive fuel pressure being below a predefined pressure. A sleeve includes at least a first flow window and a second flow window. The second window includes a notch providing a flow area based on an axial position of a spool moveable within the sleeve.

Abstract: An apparatus for attenuating sound waves in a gas turbine engine includes a surface at least partially defining a pathway for airflow and a plurality of fins extending from the surface. The plurality of fins are configured to dissipate heat into the airflow. Each fin of the plurality of fins includes a fin surface. The fin surface is configured to direct the sound waves between the plurality of fins such that the plurality of fins attenuate the sound waves. The plurality of fins are arranged such that spacing between adjacent fins of the plurality of fins facilitates sound attenuation.

Abstract: A starter air valve comprising: a housing comprising an inlet at a first end, an outlet at a second end opposite the first end, and a center portion between the first and second end, the outlet being fluidly connected to the inlet through a fluid passage; a first piston located within the housing between first end and center portion, the first piston configured to block airflow through the fluid passage when in a closed position and allow airflow through the fluid passage when in an open position; a second piston located within the housing between second end and center portion, the second piston configured to block airflow through the fluid passage when in a closed position and allow airflow through the fluid passage when in an open position; and a manual override system configured to move from closed to open position at least one of the first and second pistons.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present disclosure is directed to a gas turbine starting system that includes a shaft coupling a compressor and a turbine. An annular housing extends circumferentially around the shaft such that the annular housing defines a compartment. A flange extends radially outward from the annular housing for mounting the annular housing to a stationary wall. A starter is positioned in the compartment. A collar rotatably couples to the annular housing and selectively couples to the starter. The collar includes a radially inner surface having a plurality of splines for engaging the shaft. The starter, when activated, rotates the collar, which rotates the shaft to start the gas turbine.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine component has an engine case structure surrounding an engine center axis. A plurality of holes are formed in the engine case structure, wherein the holes are circumferentially spaced apart from each other about the engine center axis. The plurality of holes includes at least one balance hole and at least one service hole that is configured to allow another engine component to pass through the at least one service hole. At least one cover is configured to cover at least one balance hole such that air is prevented from passing through the at least one balance hole.

Abstract: A multi-spool gas turbine engine comprises a low pressure (LP) spool and a high pressure (HP) spool independently rotatable of one another about an engine axis. The LP spool comprises an LP turbine, an LP compressor and an LP shaft. The HP pressure spool comprises an HP turbine, an HP compressor and an HP shaft. The LP turbine is in fluid flow communication with the HP turbine and disposed downstream therefrom. The HP compressor is in fluid flow communication with the LP compressor and disposed downstream therefrom. The LP shaft has an upstream shaft portion extending upstream of the LP turbine to a location upstream of the LP compressor to provide a first power take-off at an upstream end of the engine and a downstream shaft portion extending downstream of the LP turbine to provide a second power take-off at a downstream end of the engine, thereby allowing mounting of a reduction gear box at either end of the engine.

Abstract: A turboshaft engine includes a casing in which is arranged a gas generator and a free turbine fitted to a power shaft. The power shaft is configured to be mechanically connected to/disconnected from a reduction gearbox. The turboshaft engine includes at least one centralizer movable between an active position, in which the centralizer forms a bearing for the power shaft and which corresponds to a mechanical disconnection between the power shaft and the reduction gearbox, and a passive position, in which the centralizer is distanced from the power shaft and which corresponds to a mechanical connection between the power shaft the reduction gearbox.

Abstract: A system for controlling a gas turbine power plant includes a plurality of sensors configured to transmit signals indicative of one or more operating parameters of the gas turbine, and a control system in electronic communication with each sensor. The control system is configured to compute cumulative wear for one or more hardware components of the gas turbine based at least in part on the signals. Instructions are inputted into the control system which indicates a desired operational mode for the gas turbine. The control system may then compute a hardware consumption rate based at least in part on the cumulative wear. The hardware consumption rate may then be displayed to an operator via a display device. The operator may use the hardware consumption rate to determine potential economic impact of operating the gas turbine at the desired operational mode.

Abstract: An exhaust gas flap, especially for the exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine, includes a flap tube (22) and a flap diaphragm (24) carried in an interior of the flap tube on a pivot shaft (16) rotatable about a pivot axis. A flap wing (28, 30) is mounted on the pivot shaft (16) and a wing stop (32, 34) is associated with the flap wing (28, 30) on an inner circumferential area of the flap tube. The flap wing (28, 30) has a mounting area (56, 58) with uncurved mounting surfaces (60, 64). Opposing mounting surfaces (62, 66) or/and a mounting recess (52, 54) at the pivot shaft (16) provide an opposing mounting area that at least partially receives the flap wing mounting area (56, 58) of the flap wing (28, 30), the opposing mounting area being provided on the outer circumferential area of the pivot shaft (16).

Abstract: A method of filtering a targeted frequency from a pedal input signal is provided. The method includes the steps of sampling the pedal input signal at a sampling frequency, calculating a moving average of the pedal input signal from samples of the pedal input signal, and outputting a filtered signal based on the moving average. A throttle filter system is also provided. The system includes a pedal configured to be actuated to set a desired acceleration of a vehicle, a position sensor configured to convert a position of the pedal into an electrical signal, a vehicle driveline configured to accelerate the vehicle, and a filtering module configured to accept the electrical signal from the position sensor and to filter the electrical signal to remove oscillations at a targeted frequency. In the system, the driveline accelerates the vehicle based on the filtered electrical signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a gasoline-diesel complex combustion engine includes an engine generating driving torque by burning gasoline fuel and diesel fuel, a driving information detector for detecting driving information of the engine, and a controller for controlling a diesel injector such that diesel fuel is injected as a single injection or a split injection based on a driving region and a knock intensity included within the driving information.

Abstract: A system for controlling an internal combustion engine has an in-cylinder pressure sensor, a crank angle sensor and a controller coupled to receive inputs from the pressure sensor and crank angle sensor. The controller is configured to convert the cylinder pressure input into a combustion metric indicative of the combustion occurring in the measured cylinder and control fuel input and timing into the engine based on the combustion metric. The controller samples the in-cylinder pressure sensor at a high frequency during critical combustion events and at a lower frequency during the non-critical cylinder conditions.

Abstract: To provide a novel power train system capable of improving fuel efficiency, reducing harmful components of an exhaust gas, and improving an output by adjusting a composition of a gas component of the exhaust gas in accordance with an operation condition. Therefore, provided is a power train system including a gas component separation unit (2) which extracts a plurality of gas components having different specific heat ratios from an exhaust gas of a spark ignition type internal combustion engine (1), a recirculation unit which recirculates the plurality of gas components to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, and a ratio adjustment unit (3) which adjusts a ratio of the plurality of gas components recirculated to the combustion chamber in response to an operation state of the internal combustion engine. A composition of a gas recirculated to the internal combustion engine can be adjusted depending on various operation conditions.

Abstract: In a control apparatus applied to an internal combustion engine in which when an opening degree of a valve body of a waste gate valve is less than the predetermined opening degree, the extension line intersects a wall surface of an exhaust passage located upstream of the upstream side end face of the exhaust gas purification catalyst, the control apparatus controls the waste gate valve so that at the time of execution of fuel cut off processing, when the temperature of the exhaust gas purification catalyst is less than a predetermined temperature, the valve body is fully closed, whereas when the temperature of the exhaust gas purification catalyst is not less than the predetermined temperature, the opening degree of the valve body is made to a deterioration suppression opening degree which is larger than when the valve body is fully closed and which is smaller than the predetermined opening degree.

Abstract: A method of start/stop engine control based on vehicle location and driving situation includes identifying the location and driving situation of a host vehicle, and classifying the location and the driving situation of the host vehicle based on the identified location and driving situation. The engine start/stop control is based on at least one of the location classification and driving situation classification.

Abstract: A method for ascertaining an accuracy of a torque transmitted by a belt-driven starter generator of an internal combustion engine to the internal combustion engine, the method being similar to a learning operation or a calibration of the actual torque of the starter generator with respect to a setpoint torque, includes: in an idling instance of the internal combustion engine, controlling the belt-driven starter generator to transmit a specified test torque to the internal combustion engine and decreasing the torque of the internal combustion engine by the specified test torque; determining and evaluating a speed variable, which is a function of a speed of the internal combustion engine; and deducing the torque accuracy from the evaluated speed variable.

Abstract: A control system and method for controlling vehicle launch includes receiving a request to enable a launch control feature of a traction control system of the vehicle, the launch control feature being configured to improve torque transfer from an engine of the vehicle to a driveline of the vehicle; and in response to receiving the enable request for the launch control feature, generating a torque reserve at the engine by (i) increasing airflow into the engine to a level greater than a level for achieving a torque request for the engine and (ii) deactivating a predetermined set of cylinders of the engine by disabling their respective fuel injectors; detecting an intent of the driver to launch the vehicle; and in response to detecting the intent of the driver to launch the vehicle, releasing the torque reserve to increase a torque output of the engine based on the engine torque request.

Abstract: A control system for an engine includes an operational data sensor generating signals indicative of operational data of the engine and a controller communicably coupled with the engine and the operational data sensor. The controller operates the engine based on operational parameters defined by a baseline engine model. The controller receives the signals indicative of the operational data of the engine, and generates a dynamic engine model which defines at least one operational parameter of the engine based on the received operational data of the engine. The controller compares the baseline engine model to the dynamic engine model. The controller determines a difference between the baseline engine model and the dynamic engine model based on the comparison. The controller compares the determined difference to a threshold difference value and operates the engine based on the dynamic engine model, if the determined difference exceeds the threshold difference value.

Abstract: A method of controlling an engine includes setting a target torque of the engine, controlling an engine torque based on the target torque, setting an allowable torque that is greater than the target torque, detecting a plurality of differing operating state parameters as indicators indicating an actual operating state of the engine, individually calculating actual torques that are actual engine torques based on the plurality of detected operating state parameters, selecting a largest value among the calculated actual torques as a final actual torque, comparing the selected actual torque to the allowable torque, and generating a control signal according to a result of comparison between the actual torque and the allowable torque.

Abstract: Provided is a knock detecting device capable of ensuring knock detection accuracy irrespective of fuel injection conditions even when a period during which injection-valve noise occurs overlaps with a knock determination period. An ECU 9 subjects signals output from a knock sensor, which detects vibrations of an internal combustion engine, to frequency analysis to calculate frequency components (501). The ECU 9 calculates a background level that indicates the average of the frequency components (503). The ECU 9 stores, in association with each other, the number of fuel injections, which indicates the number of fuel injections in a predetermined time period during one combustion cycle, with a learning value, which indicates a frequency-component correction amount (507).

Abstract: Provided is an engine control device for correcting output characteristics of an oxygen sensor and performing air-fuel ratio feedback control. The engine control device includes various sensors for detecting operating state information of an engine, an oxygen sensor, and air-fuel ratio feedback controller to adjust an amount of fuel injected into the engine, on the basis of the operating state information and an output voltage value of the oxygen sensor, wherein the air-fuel ratio feedback controller calculates, in accordance with the operating state information based on detection results from the various sensors, a coefficient for correcting the output voltage value, implements air-fuel ratio feedback control on the basis of an air-fuel ratio feedback control correction amount calculated using a corrected oxygen sensor output voltage value calculated on the basis of the coefficient, and adjusts the amount of fuel injected into the engine.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus performs an in-excess determination control by monitoring a drive power in-excess indicator at a time when a temporary in-excess state occurs which indicates that a drive power excess amount exceeds a predetermined value. As such, when a vehicle-dynamic safety parameter fulfills a prescribed condition, the vehicle control apparatus lowers an indicator threshold for determining an excess drive power continuation time from an original value to a lowered value. As a result, the excess drive power continuation time is determined as exceeding the indicator threshold, which indicates that a drive power of a vehicle is in excess, and a fail-safe instruction signal output is brought forward from an original timing to an earlier timing. Therefore, when a degree of dangerousness of a vehicle behavior is estimated to be relatively high, a fail-safe action is promptly taken.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for diagnosing and controlling a two-step exhaust variable valve lift (VVL) system, including: a controlling device acquiring an operation state signal of a vehicle; when the vehicle is in the over-run state, the controlling device outputting a mode conversion signal of the two-step exhaust VVL system; an air mass sensor measuring an air mass entering an engine, and the controlling device comparing a predetermined prediction value of the air mass with the measured air mass; when a difference of the compared air mass corresponds to a predetermined mode conversion comparing amount, the controlling device determining that a mode conversion of the two-step exhaust VVL system is completed; and when the difference of the compared air mass does not correspond to the mode conversion comparing amount, the controlling device determining that the two-step exhaust VVL system is faulty and outputting a result thereof.

Abstract: The invention realizes fuel microinjection volume correction with high degrees of accuracy, stability, and reliability regardless of a configuration of a transmission.

Abstract: A method for determining a time at which a fuel injector, for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, is in a predetermined opening state comprises applying a predetermined electrical voltage profile to the solenoid drive, detecting the temporal profile of the current strength of a current flowing through the coil of the solenoid drive, detecting the temporal profile of the voltage across the coil, determining a function based on the temporal profile of the current strength and the temporal profile of the voltage, wherein the function represents the interlinked magnetic flux or a temporal derivative of the interlinked magnetic flux in the solenoid drive, and determining the time as the time at which the function has a characteristic feature.

Abstract: A sliding member includes: a metal substrate; an undercoat primer layer that is formed on a sliding surface of the metal substrate; and a resin layer that is formed on the undercoat primer layer, in which the resin layer is formed by curing a composition layer containing a bifunctional alicyclic epoxy and a polymerization initiator.

Abstract: An abrasion-resistant and friction-reduced coating for metal components is provided. The coating includes an inner layer, an intermediate layer and an outer layer. The inner layer is intended to be applied to the metal component and has at least one layer selected from: a metal layer, a metal-carbide layer, a metal-nitride layer, a metalcarbide- nitride layer and a metal-containing hydrocarbon layer. The intermediate layer includes at least one layer of amorphous carbon and the outer layer includes a W—C:H layer or a a-C:H* layer. A maximum layer thickness of the coating is at most 5 ?m. The coating is suitable in particular as a piston coating for use in internal combustion engines.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a turbofan nacelle including a thrust reverser, the thrust reverser including a movable cover moving back from a closed position in which the thrust is not reversed to an open position for uncovering cascades that reverse the direction of the flow of cold air which is diverted from the annular stream of secondary air, the movable cover including a radially outer portion intended for being adjacent to a leading edge of a wing of an aircraft. The movable cover includes on the radially outer portion at least one cut-out intended for avoiding interference with a movable slat of the leading edge of the wing of the aircraft, as well as a panel for closing the cut-out, the closing panel including a stationary portion at least partially covered by an upstream portion of the movable cover when the movable cover is in the open position.

Abstract: A thrust reverser for a nacelle of an aircraft turbojet engine is provided that includes a thrust reverser cowl movable along a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the nacelle and a variable section outlet nozzle extending from the thrust reverser cowl. The thrust reverser further includes an actuator, a first locking device to lock the thrust reverser cowl, a second locking device to lock the variable section outlet nozzle, and a reset lever. The reset lever is pivotally driven by a locking pin secured to the cowl and pivots from a rest position to a reset position.

Abstract: A power and propulsion system includes an air compressor, a combustor positioned to receive compressed air from the air compressor as a core stream, and a closed-loop system having carbon dioxide as a working fluid that receives heat from the combustor and rejects heat to a cooling stream. The closed-loop system configured to provide power to a fan that provides the cooling stream, and to one or more distributed propulsors that provide thrust to an aircraft.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for a direct-injection engine having at least one cylinder head comprising at least one cylinder, in which each cylinder is assigned an injection nozzle which: is at least connectable to a fuel reservoir which serves for storing fuel, is secured in a nozzle holder, and is fitted with a nozzle needle which is displaceable in the direction of a longitudinal axis in a nozzle needle guide and, opens up at least one nozzle hole in order to introduce fuel. A control piston may be mounted movably on the injection nozzle, is displaceable in a translatory manner along the longitudinal axis of the injection nozzle between an inoperative position and a working position, and closes at least one fluid connection in the inoperative position and opens up same in the working position in order to introduce water into the associated cylinder.

Abstract: A venting apparatus is provided for regulating discharge of fuel vapor from a fuel tank and admission of outside air into the fuel tank.

Abstract: An evaporated fuel treating device includes a fuel tank, a canister containing a fuel adsorbent, a vent pipe, a purge pipe, a purge valve, and a reforming catalyst. The fuel adsorbent captures evaporated fuel that is generated in the fuel tank. The evaporated fuel flows into the canister through the vent pipe. The fuel captured in the canister flows into an intake passage of an engine through the purge pipe. The purge valve is interposed in the purge pipe and opens when the captured fuel is introduced into the intake passage. The reforming catalyst is disposed in a space where the reforming catalyst comes into contact with the evaporated fuel that has not reached the canister. The reforming catalyst is configured to promote a chemical change from unsaturated hydrocarbon to alcohol.

Abstract: An exhaust gas system for a gasoline engine with an exhaust gas pipe connectible to an outlet manifold, with an inlet pipe connectible to an inlet manifold, whereas a main exhaust catalyst is provided within the exhaust gas pipe wherein at least one first exhaust gas recirculation pipe is provided which branches off from the exhaust gas pipe and ends in the inlet pipe, whereas at least one particle filter is positioned within the first exhaust gas recirculation pipe and/or within the exhaust gas pipe upstream of the first exhaust gas recirculation pipe, wherein optionally at least a second exhaust gas recirculation pipe is provided, whereas at least one particle filter is provided which is positioned within the second exhaust gas recirculation pipe and/or which is positioned within the exhaust gas pipe upstream of the second exhaust gas recirculation pipe.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a cooling arrangement. In one example, a method for the cooling arrangement may comprise adjusting exhaust-gas recirculate and/or exhaust gas flow to first and second coolers of the cooling arrangement in response to one or more of an exhaust-gas recirculate demand and an energy recovery demand.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has an exhaust gas recirculation system for recirculating exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine into an intake region of the internal combustion engine. The exhaust gas recirculation system includes the following components: at least one exhaust gas cooler through which a first flow path for recirculating exhaust gas extends, having at least one first cooling stage and at least one additional cooling stage, at least one flap arrangement by which the at least one additional cooling stage can be connected, a bypass line through which a second flow path for recirculating exhaust gas extends and by which the exhaust gas cooler can be bypassed during the recirculation of exhaust gas, and an EGR valve having at least three possible positions.

Abstract: An EGR cooler includes a housing having coolant inlet and outlet, through which coolant flows into and out of the housing, and having gas inlet and outlet through which exhaust gas flows into and out of the housing, a plurality of first tubes provided in the housing while one end of each of the first tubes communicates with the gas inlet and the other end thereof communicates with one end of a connection passage, a plurality of second tubes provided in the housing while one end of each of the second tubes communicates with the gas outlet and the other end thereof communicates with the other end of the connection passage, and first and second cooling fins inserted into the respective first and second tubes, wherein the gas inlet has a larger cross-sectional area than the gas outlet.

Abstract: A method and a device for the dynamic monitoring of an air charging system of an internal combustion engine, subsystems of the air charging system having a low-pass characteristic, and a characteristic state quantity that is to be measured being compared with a modeled, identical state quantity. The measured signal and the modeled signal are filtered using a high-pass filter or bandpass filter, and, given a change in the characteristic state quantity that is to be measured, higher-frequency signal portions are evaluated, which is advantageous with regard to the recognition of so-called slow response errors.

Abstract: An oxygen separation device includes a substrate and an oxygen ion transport membrane supported on the substrate. The substrate has an air inlet end and a retentate outlet end. An intake air passageway extends through the substrate from the air inlet end to the retentate outlet end. The oxygen ion transport membrane is between the substrate and the intake air passageway and is adapted to separate oxygen atoms from the air in the intake air passageway and to transport the oxygen atoms to the substrate. The oxygen separation device collects the oxygen from the substrate for supply to an internal combustion engine for use as the gas of the gas-fuel mixture.

Abstract: A fuel heater and vaporizing system includes a source of fuel, a thermal source from an engine, and a heat exchanger for thermally contacting the source of heated fluid so as to heat fuel flowing through the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has a saddle shape and fits over the thermal source of engine heat. The fuel heater and vaporizing system may also contain a catalyst for causing the heated fuel to crack prior to distribution to an end use device. In an alternative arrangement, the fuel heater and vaporizing system may also extract its heat from the engine's other heated parts including a muffler or an exhaust pipe, exhaust manifold, valve cover, turbo housing, engine block, transmission and the like.

Abstract: An air shutoff valve for use on an internal combustion engine includes a gate that is moveable between armed and triggered positions by springs when a retention pin is retracted and allows a spring loaded retention pin to retract and release the gate, which is also spring loaded, to drop. The retention pin is operated by an actuator through a cam mechanism.

Abstract: An air cleaner for an internal combustion engine includes a first housing having an inlet and an upper opening, a second housing having an outlet and a lower opening, a filter element arranged between the upper opening of the first housing and the lower opening of the second housing. The first housing includes a sound reducing wall portion. The sound reducing wall portion has a sound absorbing layer, which is made of nonwoven fabric, and an inner covering layer, which is fixed to the inner surface of the sound absorbing layer and made of a material having a lower air permeability than that of the sound absorbing layer.

Abstract: A fuel pressure regulator includes a housing having a housing bore and a housing inlet; a piston located within the housing bore such that the piston and the housing bore define an accumulation chamber and such that the piston moves between a first piston position where the accumulation chamber is minimized in volume and a second piston position where the accumulation chamber is maximized in volume, the piston having a piston bore with a piston inlet and a piston outlet and a valve seat defined therebetween; a piston spring which biases the piston toward the first piston position; a valve closure which moves between a seated position which prevents fluid communication from the piston inlet to the piston outlet and an unseated position which provides fluid communication from the piston inlet to the piston outlet; and a valve closure spring which biases the valve closure toward the seated position.

Abstract: A water separator for water contained in fuel or oil, including: a water outlet for the water separated from the fuel or oil; and a water discharge device having an inlet opening; and an outlet opening for the water conveyed out of the water separator; wherein the inlet opening is eccentric to a longitudinal axis of the water separator; wherein an axial direction is a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis and a radial direction is a direction traverse to the longitudinal axis; wherein the inlet opening is arranged on the water separator and spaced axially away from the water outlet; and wherein the outlet opening is arranged on the water separator coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the water separator.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes an injector body with a bore; an injector needle located within the bore and engageable with a needle seat to control fuel injection through an injector outlet; an armature member, the armature member being engageable with an armature seat on the injector needle, the injector needle in part and the armature member in part defining a control chamber; an actuator arrangement arranged to control fuel pressure within the control chamber such that fuel pressure variations within the control chamber controls movement of the injector needle relative to the needle seat wherein the actuator arrangement is arranged to be capable of moving the armature member from a seated position in which it engages the armature seat to an unseated position in which the armature member has moved relative to the armature seat in order to bring the control chamber into fluid communication with a low pressure drain.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a fuel injector. In one example, a system may include forming an annular venturi passage between an outlet surface of the fuel injector and a nozzle. The nozzle may further comprise one or more air entraining features that may work in concert with the annular venturi passage to promote air-fuel mixing.

Abstract: A pneumatic and hydraulic testing and cleaning kit for gasoline type fuel injectors used in electronic fuel injection systems on most cars today. The tester/cleaner apparatus includes a stand with pneumatic quick disconnect for applying air and a solvent in pulses at 35 to 55 psi to clean dirty fuel injectors.