Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for pupil tracking and eye-markers extracting using an image acquisition device such as a visible-light camera shooting a non-static head. In an embodiment of the present invention eye-markers are extracted from one eye or from both eyes. The extraction from both eyes uses for averaging the results of the two eyes when abnormalities are detected in one of the eyes. In addition, the invention relates to a computerized application, which interacts with a user (for example trough a game or movie, usually in a context of biofeedback), and takes video shooting of the users face and eyes during said interaction.

Abstract: Computer aided visualization and diagnosis by volume analysis of optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiographic data. In one embodiment, such analysis comprises acquiring an OCT dataset using a processor in conjunction with an imaging system; evaluating the dataset, with the processor, for flow information using amplitude or phase information; generating a matrix of voxel values, with the processor, representing flow occurring in vessels in the volume of tissue; performing volume rendering of these values, the volume rendering comprising deriving three dimensional position and vector information of the vessels with the processor; displaying the volume rendering information on a computer monitor; and assessing the vascularity, vascular density, and vascular flow parameters as derived from the volume rendered images.

Abstract: An ophthalmic machine is provided for obtaining and diagnosing fluorescence images of the retina. An excitation light having first wavelengths (e.g., between 430 nm and 490 nm) is scanned onto the retina. Light emitted by the retina, when illuminated thereby, is filtered to block light of the first wavelengths and to pass light of second (higher) wavelengths. A second filter selects a component of the passed light having second (e.g., green) wavelengths, and a third filter selects a component of the passed light having third (e.g., red) wavelengths. First and second detection means receive light transmitted by the first and second filters, respectively, and provide detection signals indicative thereof. The detection signals are processed to provide one or more images of the retina, said images of the retina comprising at least a color fluorescence image of the retina.

Abstract: Systems, devices and methods are provided for the integration of an analyte data reader and a medication delivery device. The integrated device can include a medication delivery portion, wireless communications circuitry configured to receive data indicative of an analyte level, and electronics. The integrated device can also include one or more near-field communication (NFC) antennas. Example embodiments of adverse condition protection features of the integrated device are also provided.

Abstract: A method for image processing medical self-test results receives a digital image of a visual indication of a test result. A digital image is generated of the visual indication of the test result that includes noise and distortions therein. The digital image is processed using generalized curve field transforms to extract relevant features of the digital image in a presence of the noise and distortions to create a transformed image. A diagnosis is generated based upon the transformed image to the plurality of images of the test results.

Abstract: A physiological information processing method includes: acquiring electrocardiogram data from a subject; acquiring pulse wave data from the subject; measuring a plurality of RR intervals based on the acquired electrocardiogram data; measuring a plurality of pulse wave transit times based on the acquired electrocardiogram data and the acquired pulse wave data; calculating, based on the measured RR intervals and the measured pulse wave transit times during a given time period, a parameter related to correlation between the measured RR intervals and the measured pulse wave transit times; and outputting the calculated parameter.

Abstract: An implantable device for deployment inside a human or animal body, the device comprising at least one sensing component arranged to respond to an electrical signal having a known frequency band and at least one antenna comprising at least one antenna pole connected to the at least one sensing component, the antenna pole comprising at least one helical coil and a connecting stem.

Abstract: Disclosed is a computer-implemented medical data processing method for planning a position of an electric stimulation device for neurostimulation of at least two target regions (TV1, . . . , TVN) disposed in an anatomical body part of a patient's body, the electric stimulation device (7) comprising at least two electric contacts, the method comprising executing, on at least one processor of at least one computer (3), steps of: a) acquiring (S1.1), at the at least one processor, medical image data describing a digital image of the anatomical body part, wherein the anatomical body part contains at least two target regions (TV1, . . . , TVN); b) determining (S1.2), by the at least one processor and based on the medical image data, target position data describing a position of each target region (TV1, . . . , TVN) in the anatomical body part; c) acquiring (S1.

Abstract: A detector for characterizing at least one of a middle ear fluid and a middle ear biofilm includes a handheld probe outputting near-infrared and visible light, an OCT system to obtain A-scans at a plurality of positions on a tympanic membrane, and a camera to obtain surface sub-images at the plurality of positions. A-scans and surface sub-images are synchronized and the surface sub-images are mosaicked to generate a surface image of the tympanic membrane. Cross-sectional scan images or a thickness map are generated from the synchronized A-scans and segmented to extract a plurality of specified features. The specified features are then classified to characterize at least one of the middle ear fluid and the middle ear biofilm. The detector, including handheld probe with camera, OCT system, and a laptop computer, is sized to fit into a handheld, portable, compact, foam-padded briefcase weighing less than 10 kg.

Abstract: In general aspect, a white excitation light generating device can include a fluorescent excitation light source that generates fluorescent excitation light, a first light source that generates first monochromatic light of a first wavelength different from a wavelength of the fluorescent excitation light, a second light source that generates second monochromatic light of a second wavelength different from the wavelength of the fluorescent excitation light and the first wavelength, a spectrophoto sensor that measures tristimulus values of at least one of the fluorescent excitation light, the first monochromatic light, and the second monochromatic light, and a controller that adjusts an output of at least one of the fluorescent excitation light source, the first light source, and the second light source on the basis of the measured tristimulus values.

Abstract: A fluorescence imaging device detects fluorescence in parts of the visible and invisible spectrum, and projects the fluorescence image directly on the human body, as well as on a monitor, with improved sensitivity, video frame rate and depth of focus, and enhanced capabilities of detecting distribution and properties of multiple fluorophores. Direct projection of three-dimensional visible representations of fluorescence on three-dimensional body areas advantageously permits view of it during surgical procedures, including during cancer removal, reconstructive surgery and wound care, etc. A NIR laser and a human visible laser (HVL) are aligned coaxially and scanned over the operating field of view. When the NIR laser passes over the area where the fluorescent dye is present, it energizes the dye which emits at a shifted NIR frequency detected by a photo diode. The HVL is turned on when emission is detected, providing visual indication of those positions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a removable optical imaging device cap for use with a near infrared (NIR) light optical imaging device for detecting intracranial hematoma.

Abstract: A cartilage-tissue analysis device includes: an illuminating fiber that emits, from a light-emission surface thereof, laser light coming from a laser light source; two light-collecting fibers that receives scattered light at respective light-receiving surfaces the distances from which to the light-emission surface differ from each other; and detector that detects Raman spectra from the scattered light received by the light-collecting fibers. The cartilage-tissue analysis device is configure to: calculate an intensity ratio between two Raman bands originating from cartilage tissue and subchondral bone tissue, respectively, from each of the two Raman spectra; and evaluate a state of the cartilage tissue by selecting, from among the two Raman spectra, a Raman spectrum the intensity ratio of which is within a prescribed range and that analyzes the selected Raman spectrum, to analyze the selected Raman spectrum.

Abstract: A physiological sensor for near-infrared spectroscopy at various depths includes elementary modules, each provided with at least one element chosen among transmitters of near infrared beams and receivers that are photosensitive in near- infrared, wherein each elementary module is connected to an adjacent elementary module by means of an articulation coupled to an angle sensor configured to measure the angle of inclination between the two elementary modules, wherein the elementary modules are assembled in order to form an optoelectronic layer that can be configured between a planar configuration in a main plane in which each articulation has an angle of inclination that is zero with respect to the main plane, and a plurality of curved configurations in which at least one of the articulations has an angle of inclination that is not zero with respect to the main plane.

Abstract: An apparatus for skin imaging is provided. The apparatus is used in conjunction with a mobile device to obtain digital images using a digital camera and a light source provided by the mobile device. The apparatus includes an optical system for illuminating an object to be imaged with uniform ambient light and a light conduit for delivering reflected light to the mobile device digital camera. The apparatus is removably attachable to the mobile device and/or a mobile device case. One or more optical elements, such as lenses, films, filters, and light caps may be used to improve image quality and/or acquire magnified images.

Abstract: A system and method for continuous readout is provided. The object of the invention is achieved by a contact surface for attaching to a surface of an organism, a sensor in thermal contact with the contact surface, a radiochip operatively connected to the sensor, wherein the radio chip will respond to an induced signal from a reader by reading data from the sensor and transmit said data, and method for operating the sensor wherein the data from the sensor is compensated for environmental effects using comprising a second sensor for detecting at least one property from the group comprising ambient temperature, pressure, flow, level, proximity, displacement, bio, image, gas, chemical, acceleration, orientation, humidity, moisture, impedance, capacitance, force, electric, magnetic and mass, thus forming compensated data.

Abstract: For the continuous, non-invasive measurement of temperatures in a tissue, a current is supplied to the tissue by means of at least one feed electrode. A voltage (U) caused by the current (I) is measured by means of at least one measuring electrode and from this the resistance or the magnitude of the impedance of the tissue through which the current flows is determined. The temperature in the tissue is determined directly from the resistance and/or the magnitude of the impedance.

Abstract: The apparatus for calculating blood pressure using a digital ECG voltage coordinate value comprising an X coordinate of a time axis and a Y coordinate of a heart voltage signal intensity axis, the apparatus comprising an acquiring unit for acquiring a target digital ECG voltage coordinate value of the measurement subject, and an arithmetic unit for calculating a systolic blood pressure and a diastolic blood pressure by comparing previously stored reference digital ECG voltage coordinate values and acquired digital ECG voltage coordinate values, respectively.

Abstract: A wearable patch and method for automatically monitoring, screening, and/or reporting events related to one or more health conditions (e.g., sleeping or breathing disorders, physical activity, arrhythmias) of a subject and/or one or more breathing conditions (e.g., ventilatory threshold) of a subject.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices, systems, and methods for determining the dipole densities on heart walls. In particular, a triangularization of the heart wall is performed in which the dipole density of each of multiple regions correlate to the potential measured at various located within the associated chamber of the heart. To create a database of dipole densities, mapping information recorded by multiple electrodes located on one or more catheters and anatomical information is used. In addition, skin electrodes may be implemented. Additionally, one or more ultrasound elements are provided, such as on a clamp assembly or integral to a mapping electrode, to produce real time images of device components and surrounding structures.

Abstract: A device for lowering the risk of cancer and/or the risk of a cancer relapse and/or other diseases includes an internet portal, for detecting a user's physical activities, which are carried out using a connected database and corresponding algorithms relating to a recommended daily dose of physical movement and on the basis of which recommendations to the user for additional physical activities are automatically generated and transmitted to the user so that the user is capable of performing the daily or weekly user-individual physical activities that are suitable for significantly lowering the risk of cancer or the risk of a cancer relapse. The system is designed as a self-learning unit designed such that the recommendations which are vocalized by the device are adapted constantly and are improved while taking into consideration the accumulated data.

Abstract: An implantable intravascular device for deployment inside a human or animal, the apparatus comprising a body of crystalline material and a membrane of crystalline material fixed to the body by a hermetic bond an assembly of components carried on said crystalline material and arranged for responding to electrical signals wherein the body and the membrane at least partially encapsulate the assembly.

Abstract: A pressure-measuring guidewire system includes a hollow guidewire (110) in sealed interconnection with a contained volume (102) of a connector (101). The contained volume is bordered on at least one side by a septum (103). A pressure sensor unit (122) includes a transducer (130) associated with a hollow needle (131) which can be inserted to penetrate the septum (103), thereby connecting the transducer with a column of fluid within an inner lumen of the guidewire (102). Priming of the guidewire is performed prior to use, typically by use of a syringe, prior to connection of the sensor unit, thereby protecting the transducer from damage from the priming pressure. Also disclosed is a guidewire tip configuration which provides effective fluid connection for pressure measurement while maintaining the properties of a conventional guidewire.

Abstract: A fluid control device (101) includes a pump (20), a container (70) that is pressurized or decompressed by the pump (20), a valve (60) that allows communication between the container (70) and an outside of the container (70) when the valve (60) is in an opened state, and a controller (90) that controls the pump (20) and the valve (60). The controller (90) pressurizes or decompresses the container (70) by closing the valve (60) and driving the pump (20) and then cools down the pump (20) by opening the valve (60) and driving the pump (20). Accordingly, an increase in the temperature of the pump can be reduced, and convenience of the fluid control device can be improved.

Abstract: A method for non-invasively measuring cardiac output, stroke volume, or both comprises collecting plethysmographic waveform data of a patient, providing the plethysmographic waveform to a data processor, and calculating measured values for SV, CO, or both. Software of the data processor comprises a mathematical model of the cardiovascular system integrated in a dynamic state space model (DSSM).

Abstract: According to an aspect there is provided a method of determining a calibration parameter for a first blood pressure, BP, measurement device, the method comprising obtaining a first physiological characteristic measurement of a subject using the first BP measurement device, wherein the first BP measurement device is for obtaining physiological characteristic measurements of a physiological characteristic of the subject and for determining a BP measurement of the subject from the physiological characteristic measurements using the calibration parameter, wherein the first physiological characteristic measurement is obtained when a torso of the subject is in a first posture; obtaining a second physiological characteristic measurement of the subject using the first BP measurement device, wherein the second physiological characteristic measurement is obtained when the torso of the subject is in a second, different, posture; determining the change in the posture of the torso from the first posture to the second post

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for monitoring patient hemodynamic status, systemic vascular resistance, reversal of cardiac and respiratory rates, and patient respiratory volume or effort are disclosed. A peripheral venous pressure is measured and used to detect levels, changes, or problems relating to patient blood volume. The peripheral venous pressure measurement is transformed from the time domain to the frequency domain for analysis. A heart rate frequency is identified, and harmonics of the heart rate frequency are detected and evaluated to determine, among other things, hypovolemia or hypervolemia, systemic vascular resistance, and of cardiac and respiratory rates, and patient respiratory volume or effort.

Abstract: An optical coherence tomography system and method with integrated pressure measurement. In one embodiment the system includes an interferometer including: a wavelength swept laser; a source arm in communication with the wavelength swept laser; a reference arm in communication with a reference reflector, a first photodetector having a signal output; a detector arm in communication with the first photodetector, a probe interlace; a sample arm in communication with a first optical connector of the probe interface; an acquisition and display system comprising: an A/D converter having a signal input in communication with the first photodetector signal output and a signal output; a processor system in communication with the A/D converter signal output; and a display in communication with the processor system; and a probe comprising a pressure sensor and configured for connection to the first optical connector of the probe interface, wherein the pressure transducer comprises an optical pressure transducer.

Abstract: An implantable intravascular pressure sensor comprising a first transducer arranged to provide a pressure dependent signal in response to alternating electrical signals of a first frequency band, a second transducer arranged to provide a reference signal in response to alternating electrical signals of a second frequency band different from the first frequency band and an antenna coupling for sending and receiving said signals.

Abstract: A biosensor includes: a flexible base, a first sensor includes a first sensor main body, and a second sensor includes a second sensor main body that is detachably installed on the side face of the flexible base installed with the first sensor main body, and is arranged at intervals on the first sensor main body. The second sensor is detachably installed on the flexible base installed with the first sensor, and does not overlap with the first sensor, thereby allowing the second sensor to work together with the first sensor, thereby obtaining different physiological parameters. The second sensor can also be detached from the flexible base and used independently to increase user convenience.

Abstract: A portable medical device having improved ECG trace display and reporting. Embodiments implement features to ameliorate artifacts created by virtue of attempting to eliminate compression artifacts due to mechanical compression devices. Other embodiments additionally implement features to seek to detect the occurrence of ROSC while chest compressions are ongoing.

Abstract: Techniques for using multiple physiological parameters to provide an early warning for worsening heart failure are described. A medical device monitors a primary diagnostic parameter that is indicative of worsening heart failure, such as intrathoracic impedance or pressure, and one or more secondary diagnostic parameters. The medical device detects worsening heart failure in the patient based on the primary diagnostic parameter when an index that is changed over time based on the primary diagnostic parameter value is outside a range of values, termed the threshold zone. When the index is within the threshold zone, the medical device detects worsening heart failure in the patient based on the one or more secondary diagnostic parameters. Upon detecting worsening heart failure, the medical device may, for example, provide an alert that enables the patient to seek medical attention before experiencing a heart failure event.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus, and methods are disclosed for conveying signals between a patient and monitoring and treatment devices. An EP system provides large-signal input protection and RF ablation signal noise suppression while preserving the integrity of relevant components of small signals. The EP system has a low-noise amplifier topology with minimal hardware filtering. An input protection circuit shunts to ground signals with amplitude above an ablation voltage. An RF filter circuit linearly attenuates the signals between 300 kHz and 600 kHz. A low-frequency feedback circuit drives a common mode node of the RF filter circuit for additional attenuation. A signal amplification circuit amplifies the signals between 0.01 Hz and 1000 Hz. A fast recovery circuit feeds back a low-frequency voltage signal to the signal amplification circuit to gradually reduce offset voltage of the signals. A high-resolution A/D converter converts the signals from the signal amplification circuit to clean digital signals.

Abstract: Systems and methods for ambulatory detection of medical events such as cardiac arrhythmia are described herein. An embodiment of an arrhythmia detection system may include a detection criterion circuit that determines a patient-specific detection criterion using a baseline cardiac characteristic when the patient is free of cardiac arrhythmias. The detection criterion circuit generates a patient-specific threshold of a signal metric by adjusting a population-based threshold of the signal metric, where the manner and the amount of adjustment is based on information about patient baseline cardiac characteristic. The arrhythmia detection system detects an arrhythmia episode using a physiologic signal sensed from the patient and the patient-specific arrhythmia detection threshold.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method, apparatus and neuro-feedback system for processing neuro-signals of a user's brain to derive mean brain frequency that correspond to a homeostasis condition of the user's Autonomic Nervous System (ANS). The derived mean brain frequency from the neuro-signals or bio signals of the user's brain correspond to Brain Frequency Variability (BFV) index that also correspond to a homeostasis condition of the user's ANS like the mean brain frequency. The disclosed system can be used to train the user's brain using one or more guided interventions in response to the derived mean brain frequency or the BFV index to correct thoughts, perceptions, and stimuli that influences state of the user's neuro-signals.

Abstract: The invention provides a magnetic inductive sensing device (30) comprising a loop antenna (10) for inductively coupling with electromagnetic (EM) signals emitted from a medium in response to stimulation of the medium with electromagnetic excitation signals. The device includes an electromagnetic shield (36) element which is arranged such as to intercept electromagnetic signals travelling to or from the antenna. The shield element is formed of conductive material such as to block electrical field components of incident signals but further incorporates a non-conductive gap in the material so as to prevent the formation of eddy currents. A loop of the antenna is broken by an opening, the opening being bridged by a capacitor, and the device comprises a signal processing means which is electrically coupled to the antenna via only a single point of the antenna, located to one side of the opening.

Abstract: A method of visualizing spinal nerves includes receiving a 3D image volume depicting a spinal cord and a plurality of spinal nerves. For each spinal nerve, a 2D spinal nerve image is generated by defining a surface within the 3D volume comprising the spinal nerve. The surface is curved such that it passes through the spinal cord while encompassing the spinal nerve. Then, the 2D spinal nerve images are generated based on voxels on the surface included in the 3D volume. A visualization of the 2D spinal images is presented in a graphical user interface that allows each 2D spinal image to be viewed simultaneously.

Abstract: A discrete bioelectrical impedance identification device, comprising a control module (1) and a detection module (2), wherein the control module (1) comprises a control shell (20) and a control processing circuit (21) provided inside the control shell (20); the control shell (20) is provided with conducting strips (201) which are partially exposed out of the control shell (20); the conducting strips (201) are electrically connected to the control processing circuit (21), wherein the detection module (2) comprises a detection shell (23), a probe (231) embedded in one end of the detection shell (23), a power supply (232) embedded in the other end of the detection shell (23), and a conducting needle group (233) partially exposed out of the shell; the control shell (20) is detachably connected to the detection shell (23); when the control shell (20) is firmly connected to the detection shell (23), the conducting needle group (233) abuts against the conducting strips (201); and when the control shell (20) is separ

Abstract: A magnetic resonance coil frame includes a frame structure, forming in between a receiving space for at least a body portion of a recumbent patient located in a lying plane, wherein at least a first air-operated body-fixation means having a variable shape for immobilizing the body portion is arranged outside the lying plane at a side of the frame structure facing the receiving space. Thus, immobilizing a patient during magnetic resonance imaging and/or treatment can be improved.

Abstract: An example system includes a distortion reference sensor (DRS) device attachable to a surface adjacent a region of interest within the patient. The DRS device includes at least two sensor coils arranged at a predetermined angle relative to each other and at a predetermined spatial position in a three-dimensional space relative to each other. The system also includes a computing device to determine a sensed angle and a sensed spatial position of the at least two sensor coils in the three-dimensional coordinate system in response to application of an electromagnetic field. Electromagnetic field distortion is indicated based on a difference between the predetermined angle and the sensed angle and/or the predetermined spatial position and the sensed spatial position exceeding an expected difference value.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to an apparatus for generating a magnetic field for tracking of an object. The apparatus may include transmitting elements that generate a desired magnetic field (when combined) in an area of interest, and a rapid decaying magnetic field in a separate area. The separate area can be adjacent to the area of interest and can include a magnetic field-disrupting component.

Abstract: Catheterization is carried out by inserting a sheath into a human patient and moving a catheter having an electrode through the sheath lumen. A variation between a first threshold value and a second threshold value in electrical current through the electrode is identified. Responsively to the variation, it is reported that a portion of the catheter has transitioned between an in-sheath condition and an out-of-sheath condition. The sheath is defined and identified by the historical data of the readings of the magnetic sensor during its movements.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an instrument that comprises an elongated, flexible body including an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the inner surface is shaped to define a lumen extending through at least a portion of the elongated, flexible body. The instrument further comprises a plurality of portions extending along a length of the elongated, flexible body. The apparatus further comprises a radiopaque material incorporated into a first portion of the plurality of portions and a second portion of the plurality of portions, wherein the radiopaque material is incorporated into the first portion such that the first portion has a first radiopacity, and the radiopaque material is incorporated into the second portion such that the second portion has a second radiopacity, wherein the first radiopacity is different from the second radiopacity.

Abstract: This disclosure features methods and compositions for treating diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with a TNF inhibitor.

Abstract: The invention relates to diagnosis in general and more specifically a system and a method for determining the presence of jaundice in newborn babies, also known as neonatal jaundice. A main objective of the present invention is to provide a simple system and method for determining the presence of jaundice. Particularly since most deaths due to jaundice occur in low-income countries, there is a large unmet need of simple, reliable and affordable technologies able to identify at-risk newborn. The objective is accomplished through receiving a depiction of skin from an RGB sensor, and then using either an optical diffusion model of the skin or Monte Carlo simulations to calculate the bilirubin concentration. A meta model of the optical diffusion model or Monte Carlo simulations can also be used. Colour calibration is also performed by e.g. thin-plate spline interpolation.

Abstract: A self-powered sensor to produce an output signal corresponding to physiologic change.

Abstract: According to an aspect there is provided an apparatus for determining a measure of the physical fitness of a subject, the apparatus comprising a processing unit that is configured to receive a first measurement signal from a first sensor that measures the force or pressure exerted on an object by the subject over time, the first measurement signal comprising measurements representing the force or pressure exerted on the object during a first movement in which the subject sits down on the object and/or during a second movement in which the subject stands up after sitting on the object; and analyze the first measurement signal to determine the measure of the physical fitness of the subject.

Abstract: Methods and systems for monitoring workplace safety and evaluating risks is provided, the method comprising receiving signals from at least one wearable device, identifying portions of the signals corresponding to physical activities, excerpting the portions of the signals corresponding to the physical activities, and calculating risk metrics based on measurements extracted from the excerpted portions of the signals, the risk metric indicative of high risk lifting activities.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quantifying differences in human sensorimotor performance useful for diagnosing, assessing, and/or detecting brain injury and/or a neurological disorder, or identifying exceptional performance in a subject. In a task a subject's limb movement is restricted to a limited workspace and an object moves towards the limb. The objective of the task is for the subject to contact the object with the limb within a set time period. During the task a perturbation directed to the object and/or limb, or other feature of the environment, may occur on some trials, requiring a rapid motor correction in order to contact the object, or the subject may receive an alternative instruction on whether to interact with the object. Position data and/or motion data and/or kinetic data of the limb or portions thereof with respect to a presented object are obtained, and a data set is acquired for a plurality of trials.

Abstract: Provided is a method for hearing performance assessment of a user wearing a hearing system (10) comprising at least one hearing aid. Said method comprises the steps of picking up (12; 12?, 12?) sound from the environment thus providing a signal, processing (16; 16?, 16?) the signal thus obtaining a processed signal, and presenting (14; 14?, 14?) the processed signal to the user by a speaker of the bearing aid. Said processing comprises applying at least one type of modulation to the signal.