Abstract: A power tool is provided. The power tool includes an internal combustion engine including a flywheel, a cover, and an Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity device. The cover is coupled to the internal combustion engine, and includes a recessed portion. The IoT connectivity device is coupled to the cover within the recessed portion, and receives power wirelessly from the flywheel only when the internal combustion engine is operating.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure includes, among other possible things, a fan including a plurality of fan blades rotatable about an axis, a plurality of inlet guide vanes mounted forward of the plurality of fan blades, the plurality of inlet guide vanes selectively rotatable about the axis independent of the plurality of fan blades; and a motor for controlling rotation of the plurality of inlet guide vanes about the axis.

Abstract: The compressed air energy storage power generation device includes a third heat exchanger and fourth heat exchangers. The third heat exchanger performs heat exchange between the air exhausted from the expander and the second heating medium to cool the second heating medium. The fourth heat exchanger performs heat exchange between the second heating medium cooled by the third heat exchanger and at least one of the lubricating oil to be supplied to the compressor or the first heating medium to be supplied to the first heat exchanger to cool the lubricating oil or the first heating medium.

Abstract: An air intake scoop intended to be fastened on a panel of an aircraft includes an air inlet mouth having a wall, a peripheral collar intended to be fastened to the panel, and a bearing element intended to support the air circulation duct. The air inlet mouth is made of a thermoplastic material and the bearing element is fastened on the peripheral collar so as to achieve a pressure barrier in case of breakage of the wall of the air inlet mouth.

Abstract: An aircraft engine system has a turbofan engine with a lubricating oil system. An oil pump is connected to pump oil from the oil tank through a cooling circuit to the turbofan engine. The cooling circuit has a bleed air boosted engine oil cooler assembly with a liquid/air heat exchanger (LAHEX) connected to an oil inlet conduit and receiving fan air from a high bypass fan of the turbofan engine as the cooling working fluid. The LAHEX is connected to an oil exit conduit. An ejector downstream of the LAHEX receives bleed air from a compressor section of the turbofan engine. The ejector draws the fan air through the LAHEX.

Abstract: An auxiliary oil distribution system of a geared turbofan engine, with at least one part of the oil transport device driveably connected with at least one rotating part of an epicyclic gearbox of the geared turbofan engine, at least one oil guiding device to collect oil in the gearbox and/or outside the gearbox and to direct the oil to an oil target location.

Abstract: A first fuel flow rate command value indicating a command value CSO of a fuel input amount is calculated so that the output of a gas turbine matches a target output. An upper limit value of the first fuel flow rate command value is calculated. The upper limit value of the first fuel flow rate command value is calculated on the basis of a deviation obtained by subtracting from an estimated value of the turbine inlet temperature of the gas turbine a second limit value relating to the estimated value set such that the estimated value does not exceed the first limit value of the turbine inlet temperature.

Abstract: An electronic throttle valve apparatus including a suction pressure sensor provided on the upstream of a throttle valve to measure pressure of an intake air that flows into the throttle valve is provided. The electronic throttle valve apparatus includes a throttle housing having one side installed in an intake manifold of an engine. Within an inside of the throttle housing, a throttle valve is rotatably provided. The electronic throttle valve apparatus further includes an air tube fastened to the other side of the throttle housing and fastened to an intake flow line, and a suction pressure sensor provided in the air tube and configured to measure pressure of an intake air that flows through the intake flow line. Accordingly, the suction pressure sensor is provided in the air tube that is fastened to the throttle housing, and thus the pressure of the intake air that flows into the throttle valve is easily measured.

Abstract: In an engine exhaust control valve of a saddle-riding vehicle in which an engine exhaust pipe has a main pipe portion and a branch pipe portion which are connected to an exhaust muffler at downstream sides thereof, a branching portion is provided at which the branch pipe portion is branched sideward from the main pipe portion, and a full-open to full-closed control of the main pipe portion at a downstream side of the branching portion is performed. The exhaust control valve includes: a valve shaft disposed in an intersecting manner with a center line of the main pipe portion; a valve plate mounted on the valve shaft and rotatably positioned within an inner peripheral surface of the main pipe portion; a valve rotational drive portion mounted on one shaft end of the valve shaft; a drive motor for driving the valve rotational drive portion; and a control unit for controlling the drive motor.

Abstract: An aero-engine full flight envelope model adaptive modification method based on a deep learning algorithm. A dynamic parallel compensator based on a recursive neural network is adopted to compensate the error of the original nonlinear model within the full flight envelope under the condition without aero-engine performance deterioration. A modifier based on a genetic algorithm is also adopted to conduct adaptive adjustment on correction coefficients of health parameters to be modified in the original nonlinear component-level model. The health parameters to be modified are determined by a multi-attribute decision algorithm based on integrated evaluation. The sum of the modified nonlinear component-level model output and the compensator output is consistent with the aero-engine operation test output data. This provides powerful support for the design of aero-engine control systems and fault diagnosis systems.

Abstract: A blowback air amount is an amount of air that is part of the air that has flowed into a combustion chamber and is blown back into an intake passage before an intake valve closes. If the blowback air amount increases, a controller causes a fuel injection valve to inject fuel by an amount increased with respect to a fuel amount for a case in which the blowback air amount remains constant. The controller sets an increase amount of fuel injected from the fuel injection valve to a greater value when the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve is small than when the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve is great.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for determining the temperature of an engine oil in an internal combustion engine comprising: acquiring a value of a parameter characterizing a current operating point of the internal combustion engine; and calculating the temperature of the engine oil using an oil temperature model. The oil temperature model depends at least in part on dilution of the engine oil caused by different components in the engine oil and accounts for modified heating behavior of the engine oil based on the dilution.

Abstract: A system for inhibiting seizure of a bearing may include: a knocking sensor provided at one side of an engine to measure vibration transmitted from the engine and detect knocking of the engine, and a controller for controlling operation of the engine. In particular, the controller determines that a bearing of the engine is damaged when a magnitude of vibration of the engine inputted from the knocking sensor is greater than a damaged-bearing judging threshold value while the engine is operated in a damaged-bearing detecting region which is a region where knocking does not occur.

Abstract: A control system and method relating to operation of an internal combustion engine, particularly an engine for powering an unmanned aerial vehicle. The engine has a combustion chamber and a throttle for regulating fluid flow to the combustion chamber, the throttle being operable under the control of an electronic control unit. With the control system and method there are first and second modes optionally available for operation of the engine. In the first mode the engine is operable at a throttle setting set by a request from a first remote controller (e.g. a ground-based controller) via a second on-board controller. In the second mode the engine is operable at a prescribed minimum throttle setting asserted by the electronic control unit which limits the authority of the on-board controller. The engine is caused to operate in the second mode if a particular throttle setting determined from a request of the remote controller is less than the prescribed minimum throttle setting.

Abstract: An evaporated fuel processing device that includes a pump configured to supply purge gas, which includes evaporated fuel in a fuel tank, to an intake passage of an engine through a purge passage; a controller configured to control the pump; and a detecting unit configured to acquire a gas amount introduced to the intake passage while the pump is being driven in a stable state where an air amount introduced from open air to the intake passage is stable, and configured to detect, by using change in the acquired gas amount, a state where the purge gas is unable to be normally supplied from the purge passage to the intake passage.

Abstract: An engine system for a hybrid vehicle includes an intake passage, an injector, a vaporized-fuel treating apparatus, a vapor concentration sensor, an airflow meter, and an ECU. The vaporized-fuel treating apparatus is configured to collect vapor generated in a fuel tank into a canister, and purge the vaporized fuel into the intake passage through a purge passage provided with a purge valve and a purge pump. The ECU causes an injector to regulate an amount of fuel to be supplied to an engine during steady operation, and opens the purge valve. When an intake amount increases above an upper-limit intake amount, the ECU limits an upper limit of the detected intake amount to the upper-limit intake amount, calculates a request pump rotation number based on the upper-limit intake amount and a vapor concentration, and controls the purge pump based on the calculated request pump rotation number.

Abstract: A method for venting the tank of a vehicle, a device for venting the tank of a vehicle, as well as a vehicle are provided. In this context, the vehicle in which the method is employed has an internal combustion engine that can be operated with a fuel, an air supply system, an exhaust gas system comprising at least an exhaust gas turbocharger, a fuel tank that is designed to supply the internal combustion engine with fuel, and a fuel vapor sorption system. It is provided that, in the method or by means of the device, a drive flow in the air supply system is regulated as a function of an altitude reserve of the exhaust gas turbocharger and as a function of an engine load point, so that the flushing air volume flow of the tank venting system that ensues is determined and can be supplied as a function of an altitude rotational speed of the exhaust gas turbocharger and as a function of the engine load point.

Abstract: The engine system includes: an engine equipped with a supercharger; an electronic throttle device; a low-pressure loop EGR device including an EGR valve; a fresh air introduction device; and an electronic control unit (ECU). The fresh air introduction device includes a fresh air introduction passage and a fresh air introduction valve for introducing fresh air to an intake passage disposed downstream of the electronic throttle device. The electronic throttle device is configured with a DC motor type, and the fresh air introduction valve is configured with a step motor type. Upon determining that the engine is decelerating, the ECU causes the EGR valve to close fully and the fresh air introduction valve to open to a predetermined degree, while also controlling the electronic throttle device to close to a predetermined opening degree, thereby adjusting the total intake amount to the engine.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for detecting deviations occurring in the valve drive of an internal combustion engine comprising: measuring dynamic pressure oscillations of intake air in an air intake tract of respective internal combustion engine during operation; calculating an inlet valve stroke phase difference and/or an outlet valve stroke phase difference based on the measured dynamic pressure oscillation; calculating a valve stroke phase deviation value with respect to a valve stroke phase reference value based on the calculated phase difference; and calculating a first valve drive deviation value based on the valve stroke phase deviation value.

Abstract: A control device for an internal combustion engine includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to execute a purging process that draws the fuel vapor trapped in the canister into the intake passage by controlling the purge valve, a fuel feeding process that feeds the air-fuel mixture, which includes the fuel supplied to the cylinder, to the exhaust passage without burning the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder, and a fuel supply process that supplies fuel to the cylinder when the fuel feeding process is being performed. The processing circuitry is further configured to perform the fuel supply process by performing the purging process.

Abstract: An engine system includes an air handling control unit which controls a plurality of air handling actuators responsible for maintaining flow of air and exhaust gas within the engine system. The engine system has a plurality of sensors whose sensor signals at least partially define a current state of the engine system. The air handling control unit includes a controller which controls the air handling actuators of the engine system as well as a processing unit coupled to the sensors and the controller. The processing unit includes an agent which learns a policy function that is trained to process the current state, determines a control signal to send to the controller by using the policy function after receiving the current state as an input, and outputs the control signal to the controller. Then, the agent receives a next state and a reward value from the processing unit and updates the policy function using a policy evaluation algorithm and a policy improvement algorithm based on the received reward value.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a valve opening control apparatus and method of a gasoline EGR system. The valve opening control apparatus includes a gasoline engine generating driving power through combustion, an intake line through which an intake gas flows into a combustion chamber of the gasoline engine, an exhaust line through which an exhaust gas is discharged from the combustion chamber, a recirculation line branched off from the exhaust line and connected to the intake line, an EGR cooler, positioned in the recirculation line, cooling the exhaust gas flowing in the intake line, an EGR valve configured to control an amount of the exhaust gas flowing in the intake line, an emergency (EM) filter positioned in one end of the EGR valve, and a flow rate regulator configured to control an opening amount of the EGR valve according to a clogging state of the EM filter.

Abstract: A diagnosis device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine having an exhaust turbocharger, the device configured to diagnose a fuel combustion state in each one of cylinders in the internal combustion engine. The diagnosis device includes: a rotational speed detector configured to output a signal corresponding to a rotational speed of the exhaust turbocharger or a signal correlated to fluctuation in the rotational speed of the exhaust turbocharger, and a fuel combustion state diagnosis unit configured to diagnose unevenness in the fuel combustion states of the cylinders through a frequency analysis involving a fast Fourier transformation of a frequency characteristic of a signal output from the rotational speed detector.

Abstract: An exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine comprises an HC adsorbent 20 arranged adsorbing HC in exhaust gas, an NOx adsorbent 20 adsorbing NOx in exhaust gas, a catalyst 24 removing HC and NOx at a predetermined air-fuel ratio, an air-fuel ratio control part 31 configured to control an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas, and an HC concentration calculating part 32 configured to calculate a concentration of HC desorbed from the HC adsorbent. A peak of a desorption temperature of HC at the HC adsorbent and a peak of a desorption temperature of NOx at the NOx adsorbent are substantially the same. The air-fuel ratio control part is configured to control an air-fuel ratio of inflowing exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst to the predetermined air-fuel ratio based on the concentration of HC calculated by the HC concentration calculating part when HC is desorbed from the HC adsorbent.

Abstract: An exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine 50 comprises: an adsorbent 20 adsorbing HC and NOx in exhaust gas, a catalyst 24 removing HC and NOx, an air-fuel ratio control part 31 configured to control an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas discharged from an engine body of the internal combustion engine to the exhaust passage, and a temperature calculating part 32 configured to calculate a temperature of the adsorbent. At the adsorbent, a desorption temperature of HC is higher than a desorption temperature of NOx. The air-fuel ratio control part is configured to make the air-fuel ratio a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio when a temperature of the adsorbent is in the vicinity of the desorption temperature of NOx, then make the air-fuel ratio leaner than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio when the temperature of the adsorbent reaches the vicinity of the desorption temperature of HC.

Abstract: An engine system includes an air handling and fuel system whose states are managed by a reference managing unit. The engine system has a plurality of sensors whose sensor signals at least partially define a current state of the engine system. The reference managing unit includes a controller which controls the air handling and fuel system of the engine system as well as a processing unit coupled to the sensors and the controller. The processing unit includes an agent which learns a policy function that is trained to process the current state, determines air handling references and fuel system references by using the policy function after receiving the current state as an input, and outputs the air handling references and fuel system references to the controller. Then, the agent receives a next state and a reward value from the processing unit and updates the policy function using a policy evaluation algorithm and a policy improvement algorithm based on the received reward value.

Abstract: A system includes a heating element, a signal injector, and a signal receiver. The heating element is coupled between a first node and a second node. The signal injector is communicatively coupled the heating element via the first node. The signal generator is configured to provide a test signal to the heating element. The signal receiver is communicatively coupled to the heating element via the second node. The signal receiver is configured to receive the test signal from the heating element and to determine a capacitance of the heating element based upon the received test signal.

Abstract: A method using compensation learning strategy for a diagnostic of an internal combustion engine component includes operating the component via an actuator command to establish a first operating parameter representative of a first mode of component operation. The method also includes identifying a drift in the first parameter negatively affecting the first mode of operation. The method additionally includes determining compensation to the actuator command to counteract the first parameter drift during the first mode of operation. The method also includes determining compensation to the first parameter using the determined actuator command compensation. The method additionally includes applying the determined parameter compensation directly to the first parameter. The method also includes operating the component using the actuator command to establish a second operating parameter representative of a second mode of component operation.

Abstract: A cylinder liner that is casted in a block and defines a cylinder bore for one cylinder includes: a cylindrical liner body; a projection part including a plurality of projections on an outer peripheral surface of a part of the liner body; and a bore adjacent part inclined at a predetermined angle to an axial direction of the body and extending in the inclination direction, at a predetermined part between an upper side end and a lower side end of the body, of the outer peripheral surface of the body, which faces another cylinder bore to be adjacent when casted in the block. The outer peripheral surface of the bore adjacent part is positioned more on an inner side of the body than the outer peripheral surface above and below, and is formed such that the projections are absent on at least a part of the outer peripheral surface.

Abstract: A cylinder liner that is casted in a block and defines a cylinder bore corresponding to one cylinder includes: a cylindrical liner body; a projection part provided so as to include a plurality of projections on an outer peripheral surface of a part of the liner body; and a bore adjacent part formed such that the outer peripheral surface at an upper side end of the liner body is positioned more on an inner side of the liner body than the outer peripheral surface below the upper side end, and the projections are absent on at least a part of the outer peripheral surface at the upper side end, in a predetermined range of the outer peripheral surface of the liner body, which faces another cylinder bore to be adjacent when casted in the block.

Abstract: An engine block for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle has a cylinder within which a piston can be movably accommodated between a top dead center and a bottom dead center and has a cylinder bore, the internal cylinder diameter of which expands in the direction of the bottom dead center. The internal cylinder diameter expands only below the region in which a piston system change takes place during operation of the internal combustion engine. The internal cylinder diameter tapers from the top dead center to the region.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a spark plug of an internal combustion engine. In one example, a spark plug includes a housing section having a first groove and an opposing, second groove. A tool including a first protrusion and second protrusion may couple with the first and second grooves of the spark plug in order to drive the spark plug to either of only two coupled positions with a cylinder head.

Abstract: A problem is to provide a sliding member capable of improving friction characteristics under an environment of a lubricant containing Mo, and a production method therefor. A solution is a sliding member 10, wherein a sliding portion 11 is formed of a metallic material, and the sliding member 10 has, at a surface layer part of the sliding portion 11, a Ti-containing thermally sprayed coating 12 formed by thermally spraying, as a thermal spraying material, a metallic material containing Ti as a composition. The sliding member 10 slides under the environment of the lubricant containing Mo as an additive, in which active Ti exposed on a surface by sliding accelerates decomposition reaction of the additive contained in the lubricant to form a molybdenum disulfide-containing low-friction coating having low friction on the surface of the sliding portion 11.

Abstract: An installation tool installs a camshaft to a lower supporting portion. A cylinder head of an internal combustion engine includes the lower supporting portion, a cam holder, and a half-thrust washer. The camshaft is sandwiched between the cam holder and the lower supporting portion via a bearing. The half-thrust washer is inserted into respective annular groove disposed in an outer peripheral surface of the bearing and half annular groove disposed in the cam holder. The installation tool includes a bearing holder that holds the bearing, a head abutting portion abutted against a reference surface of the lower supporting portion with the bearing held, and an opposed concave knock portion into which a knock collar disposed in the cam holder is inserted to adjust a position of the half annular groove with respect to the half-thrust washer.

Abstract: A cylinder head assembly for an engine assembly is provided herein. The cylinder head assembly may include a head framework, an exhaust liner include a thermal barrier material, an intake liner, and a polymeric housing disposed around at least a portion of the metal head framework and the exhaust liner. The cylinder head assembly may further include a plurality of channels for heating and/or cooling the cylinder head assembly, which can be defined in one or more of: the metal head framework, the exhaust liner, and the polymeric housing. Methods of making the cylinder head assembly are also provided herein.

Abstract: An acoustic panel includes a first skin, a second skin and a cellular core vertically between and connected to the first skin and the second skin. The cellular core includes a plurality of cavities, a plurality of sidewalls and a plurality of septums. Each of the plurality of cavities extends vertically through the cellular core between the first skin and the second skin. Each of the plurality of cavities extends laterally within the cellular core between a respective laterally adjacent pair of the plurality of sidewalls. Each of the plurality of septums vertically divides a respective one of the plurality of cavities into a set of fluidly coupled sub-cavities. A set of the plurality of septums is formed by a ply of folded material. Each of the set of the plurality of septums have a four-sided polygonal shape when viewed in a plane that is parallel to the first skin.

Abstract: A hybrid rocket engine with a vortex flow field injection system that produces a high-speed sustained vortex flow field is described. The hybrid rocket engine includes a generally cylindrical injection chamber with an inner circumference to comprise an outer edge of a solid propellant grain in the hybrid rocket engine. The engine also includes an injection system that has a throttle valve and an injector that injects injection fluid into the engine and produces a vortex flow-field for the injected fluid. The injector includes at least one primary feed line that distributes the injection fluid throughout a pre-swirl chamber and multiple orifices along an inner edge of the injection chamber. The pre-swirl chamber connects to the injection chamber and at least one of the primary feed lines and redirects a primary fluid flow of the injected fluid from a primary axial direction to a centrifugal direction.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring liquid tanks that includes a submersible sensor within the tank below liquid surface. The system may also include a secondary sensor to determine ambient conditions, and a controller to determine when changes in liquid level are due to ambient events, or potential breach of system. A calibration rod may be used to monitor displacement of liquid in the tank and calibrate system to determine changes in height of liquid level.

Abstract: A method for activating an injector for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine, in which a nozzle needle of the injector moves from a closed position in the direction of an open position as long as an activation signal is applied to the injector. The nozzle needle of the injector moves from the open position into the closed position when the activation signal is absent. The duration of the activation signal is selected in such a way that the nozzle needle does not reach its completely open position. In specific operating states, a second activation signal is applied to the injector before reaching the closed position of the injector, which has the result that the nozzle needle of the injector moves back in the direction of the open position.

Abstract: A diagnostic apparatus includes a fuel tank; a canister adsorbing evaporative fuel; an upstream purge line allowing the canister and an engine intake system to communicate upstream of a pressure charger; an upstream purge valve that opens and closes the upstream purge line; a pressure detector detecting pressure in the upstream purge line; a valve controller that opens and closes the upstream purge valve during pressure-charging and non-pressure-charging; a timekeeper measuring an accumulative time in which a diagnosis execution condition is satisfied after a purge-flow diagnosis starts; and a determiner determining whether evaporative fuel processing system operates normally or abnormally depending on whether the pressure decreases by a predetermined pressure or more from the start of the diagnosis. Every time the upstream purge valve opens after the condition is satisfied, the timekeeper measures the accumulative time after a predetermined delay time elapses from when a valve opening command is output.

Abstract: A diagnostic apparatus for an evaporative fuel processing system includes a fuel tank retaining fuel to be fed to a pressure-charger-equipped engine, a canister communicating with the fuel tank and adsorbing evaporative fuel generated therein, an upstream purge line allowing the canister and an engine intake system to communicate at an upstream side of the pressure charger, an upstream purge valve that opens and closes the upstream purge line, a pressure detector detecting pressure in the upstream purge line; a valve controller that opens and closes the upstream purge valve during pressure-charging and non-pressure-charging, respectively, a first timekeeper measuring an accumulative time in which a diagnosis execution condition is satisfied after a purge-flow diagnosis is started, and a determiner determining that the system operates normally or abnormally depending on whether the pressure decreases or not by a predetermined pressure or more from the start of the diagnosis.

Abstract: Systems and method for determining a Reid vapor pressure of a fuel system using a bi-directional pump of the fuel system. The determined Reid vapor pressure is compared to reference Reid vapor pressures to identify the presence of, and size of, a leak in the fuel system.

Abstract: An environmentally friendly energy saving device includes a hollow metal inner pipe inserted in a hollow metal outer pipe, and the inner pipe includes: a middle portion defining a receiving chamber with respect to the hollow metal outer pipe, two connecting portions located at two ends of the middle portion and extended out from two ends of the hollow metal outer pipe, and a thinning groove formed in the middle portion and in communication with the receiving chamber. Far infrared powder are filled into the receiving chamber and the thinning groove and pressurized into a block. Two ends of the receiving chamber are sealed. By thinning the part of the outer wall of the inner pipe that is connected to the receiving chamber, the energy-saving efficiency of the environmentally friendly energy saving device is improved.

Abstract: An intake manifold may include a manifold inlet connected with an intake line into which fresh air flows and a recirculation line into which exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) gas flows; a manifold pressure sensor for measuring pressure of fluid flowing through the manifold inlet; and a sensor housing fluidly communicating with the manifold inlet and including a mounting space in which the manifold pressure sensor is mounted.

Abstract: A vehicle charge air cooler of a vehicle engine air induction system. The vehicle engine air induction system could also be equipped with a turbocharger or a supercharger located upstream of the vehicle charge air cooler. The vehicle charge air cooler has an inlet housing. The inlet housing includes an inlet chamber and a resonator chamber. The inlet chamber and resonator chamber are partitioned from each other by way of a wall of the inlet housing. One or more additional walls define the inlet chamber and define the resonator chamber. The vehicle charge air cooler further has a heat exchanger.

Abstract: Operating an engine includes injecting a first charge of liquid fuel using a first set of nozzle outlets in a fuel injector, and injecting a second charge of liquid fuel using a second set of nozzle outlets in a fuel injector. The first charge is autoignited in a first engine cycle, and the second charge is autoignited in a second engine cycle, and may be used to pilot ignite a charge of gaseous fuel. Operating the engine further includes limiting errors in targeting of the second charge of liquid fuel caused by transitioning the engine from a first combination to a second combination of speed, load, and boost, by varying an injection pressure of the liquid fuel from the first engine cycle to the second engine cycle.

Abstract: Provided is a fuel distribution pipe connected to a fuel pipe and distributes and supplies fuel to a plurality of fuel injection devices, comprising: a tubular base material forming a body of the fuel distribution pipe; and a plating layer formed on a surface of the base material, wherein the base material includes a sealing surface formed on an inner peripheral surface thereof and comes into press-contact with the fuel pipe, and wherein a thickness of the plating layer on the sealing surface is thinner than that of the plating layer on an outer peripheral surface of the fuel distribution pipe.

Abstract: A shuttle valve for a control valve coupled to an electronic fuel injector is disclosed. The shuttle valve may include a shuttle valve first end including an armature attachment portion operably coupled to an armature of the control valve and a shuttle valve second end opposite the shuttle valve first end defining a sealing portion of the control valve including an annular sealing surface. A valve guide portion may extend axially along a portion of the shuttle valve between the first and second ends. Furthermore, an engagement surface portion may be defined along the valve guide portion that is slidably engaged with a valve bore. Moreover, the shuttle valve may include a non-engagement surface portion defined along the valve guide portion, wherein the non-engagement surface is a non-continuous surface around a circumference of the valve guide portion and wherein the non-engagement surface is interspersed between portions of the engagement surface.

Abstract: A liquid fuel injector for a fuel system in an internal combustion engine includes two injection control valves for controlling two outlet checks. A common nozzle supply cavity is fluidly connected to an inlet passage and supplies each of the two sets of nozzle outlets opened and closed by the outlet checks. A first nozzle outlet set forms a narrower spray angle and has a first combination of outlet number and outlet size, and a second nozzle outlet set forms a wider spray angle and has a second combination of outlet number and outlet size. The first nozzle outlet set has a greater steady flow than the second nozzle outlet set.

Abstract: A battery system for a vehicle is provided. The battery system includes a supercapacitor device that is configured to supply power to one or more components of the vehicle in response to various conditions.