Abstract: A computer-implemented method can include the following. Seismic vibratory waves through the Earth along a selected vector path are received. An initial value is selected for a first arrival for each of the seismic vibratory waves. Initial values are determined for travel times and velocities of the seismic vibratory waves. Reversed signs of amplitudes of the seismic vibratory waves are determined and corrected. Time intervals are determined based on the initial values of the travel times. Time windowing and filtering in a frequency domain are performed. Final values are determined for first arrivals and travel times for each of the seismic vibratory waves based on the time windowing and filtering. Final values are determined for velocities of the seismic vibratory waves.

Abstract: A method for determining a position of a geological feature in a formation includes acquiring a seismic dataset, wherein the seismic dataset is based on signals of one or more seismic sensors and determining a set of indicators of candidate discontinuities in the formation based on the seismic dataset. The method also includes labeling a subset of the set of indicators of candidate discontinuities using a neural network with a label based on the set of indicators of candidate discontinuities, wherein the label distinguishes an indicator of a candidate discontinuity between being an indicator of a target discontinuity or being an indicator of a non-target discontinuity and determining the position of the geological feature in the formation, wherein the geological feature in the formation is associated with at least one target discontinuity based on the subset of the set of indicators of candidate discontinuities.

Abstract: There is described apparatus for orienting at least one electromagnetic field sensor, a related receiver unit and method of use. The apparatus has an orientation detector having an output which is dependent upon an orientation of the electromagnetic field sensor, an actuator and a controller which is arranged in communication with the orientation detector and the actuator, the controller being configured to be operable to generate at least one instruction for operating the actuator for moving the electromagnetic field sensor into a predefined orientation, in dependence upon the output from the orientation detector.

Abstract: A detection device includes a spiral structure, a proximity sensor, a via element, an electrostatic-field enhancement element, and a nonconductive substrate. The spiral element has a first end and a second end. The proximity sensor is coupled to the first end of the spiral element. The electrostatic-field enhancement element is disposed adjacent to the spiral structure. The first end of the spiral structure is coupled through the via element to the electrostatic-field enhancement element. The second end of the spiral structure is an open end. The electrostatic-field enhancement element is configured to increase the directivity of the detection device. The nonconductive substrate is disposed between the spiral structure and the electrostatic-field enhancement element. The via element penetrates the nonconductive substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to an inductive proximity switch having a primary coil for generating an alternating magnetic field, with an oscillator for driving the primary coil, with a control and evaluation unit, which is operatively connected to the oscillator and is equipped to acquire and evaluate an amplitude and a phase position of a current in the primary coil and for outputting a detection signal depending on the acquired current in the primary coil, with at least one compensation coil for manipulation of the alternating magnetic field generated by the primary coil. The inductive proximity switch is characterized in that a separate controllable current source is present for controlling the at least one compensation coil.

Abstract: A detecting system for protection of equipment is provided. The equipment is disposed on a working surface, which is defined with a working space. The detecting system comprises a first diverting element, a detecting apparatus, and a three-dimensional first safety wave curtain. The diverting element approximately surrounds the equipment and is disposed away from the working surface with respect to the equipment. The detecting apparatus includes an electronic control device and a first detector, and the first detector has a transmitter, a receiver, and a controller. The controller controls the transmitter and the receiver to synchronously rotate about an axis, N detection waves are sequentially transmitted with N times of time detections correspondingly during every rotation. The detection waves cooperate with the diverting surface of the first diverting element and the working surface to form the first safety wave curtain.

Abstract: A method and system for operating a frequency comb. The method may comprise operating an electro-optic (EO) frequency comb with two phase-locked microwave signals to produce an optical output, detecting the optical output with an optical receiver as one or more beat notes, and detecting the one or more beat notes with a radio-frequency spectrum analyzer. The system may comprise an EO frequency comb and an EO phase modulator disposed in the bulk nonlinear crystal resonator. The EO frequency comb may further comprise a continuous-wave laser and a bulk nonlinear crystal resonator connected to the continuous-wave laser.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed relating to an apparatus with scraping members for cleaning a geophysical equipment (e.g., a streamer) being towed behind a survey vessel. The apparatus may, in one embodiment, include a housing and a plurality of scraping members that are disposed at least partially outside of the housing. In another embodiment, when the geophysical equipment is being towed behind a survey vessel, portions of the geophysical equipment may be flattened or compressed due to the towing force exerted on the geophysical equipment, and the apparatus of this disclosure may still be used to clean the geophysical equipment. A method is disclosed related to operating an apparatus with a plurality of scraping members and removing debris from a geophysical equipment.

Abstract: A cloud water resource detecting system and method, the system includes a computing device, and Raman lidar, microwave radiometer, millimeter wave cloud radar, wind profile radar and Doppler wind lidar in communication connection with the computing device. The Raman lidar and the microwave radiometer are configured to obtain temperature and humidity data of a cloud system. The millimeter wave cloud radar and the microwave radiometer are configured to obtain cloud water content profiles. The wind profile radar is configured to obtain a horizontal wind speed of the cloud system. The Doppler wind lidar is configured to obtain the vertical motion speed of a cloud bottom. The computing device is configured to calculate the total amount of cloud water according to the temperature and humidity data of the cloud system, the cloud water content profiles, the horizontal wind speed of the cloud system and the vertical motion speed of the cloud bottom.

Abstract: A sunset prediction system performs the steps of determining a location of interest, and collecting weather forecast data at or around the time of either sunrise or sunset, at the location and a surrounding area adjacent the location. The collected weather forecast data includes cloud density and cloud altitude. The sun prediction system then determines from the collected weather forecast data whether there will be clouds at the location that are advantageous for photography at or around the time of sunrise or sunset, and whether the sunlight will be obstructed by obstructing clouds in the surrounding area. A forecast rating is then reported so that the user can determine whether to plan photography at the location.

Abstract: A quantum dot (QD) lightning detection and warning (LDW) system and method. This LDW system and method find broader applicability to spark and other transient optical event detection as well. The QDs are operable for receiving ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), visible, x-ray, and/or gamma ray radiation emanating from lightning or the like and generating visible radiation that may be detected and utilized to generate topological event information, such that property, human life, and the like may be safeguarded.

Abstract: The invention provides a bright white refractory roofing granule, comprising a ceramic material formed from a substantially homogenous mixture of a ceramic-forming clay, sintering material, and optionally comprising silica particles, and other potential additives, said bright white refractory roofing granule having a total solar reflectance of at least 0.80 and a Hunter Color Lvalue of at least 85.0, together with processes for making and using the same.

Abstract: Provided is a hard coating film in which a hard coating layer having a water contact angle of 90° or less, a high refractive index layer, and a low refractive index layer are laminated on a substrate, the film having suppressed curling, and excellent hardness and antireflection performance.

Abstract: Provided is a hard coating film in which a hard coating layer having a water contact angle of 90° or less, a conductive layer, and a low refractive index layer are laminated on a substrate, the film having excellent hardness, anti-curling property, antireflection performance, antifouling performance, and antistatic performance.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices to inhibit sensing reduction in imperfect sensing conditions are described. A multifunctional coating superposing a lens includes a self-cleaning layer and a heating layer. The self-cleaning layer defines an external surface configured to be exposed to an exterior environment. The external surface defines three-dimensional surface features thereon. The three-dimensional surface features are adjacently disposed arcuate features that inhibit adhering of solid particles to the external surface and wetting of the external surface. The heating layer is in thermal communication with the external surface. The heating layer is selectively actuated to provide thermal energy to the external surface through resistive heating. Each of the self-cleaning layer and the heating layer is transparent to a predetermined wavelength of light.

Abstract: An illumination module for generating a patterned illumination with minimal ambiguity includes an array of light sources having different respective near-field intensity profiles. The illumination module also includes an optical assembly. The optical assembly and the array of light sources can be operable to substantially replicate the different respective near-field intensity profiles of the light sources in the far-field thereby generating a patterned illumination. The patterned illumination can exhibit reduced ambiguity in some instances.

Abstract: A microlens array that corrects the problems caused by aberrations and non-paraxiality of microlenses is provided. The microlens array has a plurality of microlenses tilted a tilting degree (?,?) depending on the position of the microlens in the microlens array. Simultaneously, or alternatively, the distances Pul(i) between optical centres (Pi,Pi?1) of adjacent microlenses depend on their positions in the microlens array. Both these distances Pul(i) and the tilting degrees (?,?) are dependent normally increasing upon the distance to the center of the microlens array. The size of the microlenses may also increase with the distance to the center of the microlens array. An opaque layer may also be applied covering the edges of adjacent microlenses.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to systems and methods useful for providing a metasurface lens formed by a plurality of multi-piece optical structures disposed on, about, or across at least a portion of the surface of substrate member. Each of the plurality of multi-piece optical structures includes a solid cylindrical core structure surrounded by a hollow cylindrical core structure such that a gap having a defined width forms between the solid cylindrical core structure and the hollow cylindrical structure surrounding the solid core. The width of the gap determines the optical performance of the metasurface lens. The multi-component optical structures forming the metasurface lens advantageously produce little or no phase shift in the electromagnetic energy passing through the metasurface lens, thereby beneficially providing an optical device having minimal or no dispersion and/or chromatic aberration.

Abstract: A circuit for controlling liquid lens includes a liquid lens including a common electrode and a plurality of individual electrodes including first to fourth individual electrodes, a voltage generator configured to supply a voltage to the plurality of individual electrodes and the common electrode in the liquid lens, and a controller configured to control timing to sequentially supply the voltage to each of the individual electrodes, wherein the controller applies the voltage to the second individual electrode after applying the voltage to the first individual electrode, applies the voltage to the third individual electrode after applying the voltage to the second individual electrode, and applies the voltage to the fourth individual electrode after applying the voltage to the third individual electrode, and wherein the first to fourth individual electrodes are disposed at the same angular interval from each other with respect to a center of the liquid lens.

Abstract: An optical film (210) includes a microstructured surface (211) comprising a plurality of prismatic structures (230), the microstructured surface (211) defining a reference plane (241-242) and a thickness direction (243) perpendicular to the reference plane; wherein the plurality of prismatic structures includes a plurality of facets (231), each facet having a facet normal direction forming a polar angle with respect to the thickness direction and an azimuthal angle along the reference plane, and wherein the microstructured surface has a surface azimuthal distribution of the plurality of facets that is substantially uniform, and wherein the microstructured surface has a surface polar distribution of the plurality of facets that has an off-axis peak polar distribution.

Abstract: A diffuser includes a glass material and a plurality of scattering particles. The scattering particles are spread in the glass material, where the scattering particles are inorganic materials. The haze of the diffuser is larger than 99%, whereas the thickness of the diffuser ranges between 100 ?m and 350 ?m.

Abstract: An optical prism that includes an interlock structure that precisely couples to a complementary structure of a refractive lens. For precision, the interlock structure may be formed at the same time and using the same technique as the optical surface of the prism. The interlock structure provides high accuracy when assembling a folded lens system by precisely aligning the object side optical surface of the lens with the image side optical surface of the prism so that the optical axis is centered in the lens. The prism may have refractive power. A portion of the object side surface may be coated with an opaque material to provide an aperture stop at that surface.

Abstract: A light source unit is provided which makes an excellent contrast between the black display portions and the white display portions if mounted on a display, while having a high frontal luminance. The light source unit includes: a light source; a color conversion material that converts incident light from the light source into light having a longer wavelength than the incident light; and a reflective film that exists between the light source and the color conversion material and that transmits light from the light source incident perpendicularly on the film surface and reflects light from the color conversion material incident perpendicularly on the film surface; wherein the P-Polarized light of the light incident from the light source on the reflective film surface at an angle of 20°, 40°, and 60° is reflected at a reflectance of R20(%), R40(%), and R60(%) respectively, which satisfy R20<R40<R60.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a polarizer, a phase retardation film, a touch member, and a display panel. The polarizer has a transmitting axis and is configured to linearly polarize external light to be parallel to the transmitting axis. The phase retardation film is on the polarizer and has a first optical axis. The touch member has a second optical axis and comprises a touch substrate on the polarizer and touch electrodes on the touch substrate. The display panel is on the polarizer. When a first in-plane retardation value of the phase retardation film is Rp1, a second in-plane retardation value of the touch member is Rp2, a phase retardation value within a target surface is Rpg, and a is a constant, an equation Rp1=Rpg?a*Rp2 is satisfied.

Abstract: A waveguide, in particular an optical fiber, is coated and is of flexible configuration so that the waveguide can be laid in an adaptable manner, wherein the coating includes a light-frequency-converting substance so that in the event of UV light or IR light being coupled into the waveguide and an overbent waveguide, visible light escapes from the waveguide at a bend point.

Abstract: An optical connection device includes an optical fiber, a first connection member which includes an inlet to which the optical fiber is connected and an outlet, a second connection member which includes an aperture connected to the outlet of the first connection member and to which light from the optical fiber is transmitted through the first connection member, and a first light transmission protection part which protects a tip of the optical fiber in the first connection member.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a display panel and a display device. The display panel includes an upper substrate (001) and a lower substrate (002) arranged opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer (003), a waveguide layer (004), a plurality of grating coupling structures (005), and a plurality of electrode structures (006).

Abstract: A surface light source device includes a light source; a light guide plate that has a light entrance surface through which light enters, and that emits the light entering through the light entrance surface from a light exit surface; a wiring board; and a metal frame. The metal frame includes a bottom portion having a bottom surface that faces a surface on an opposite side to the light exit surface, a side wall erected on an outer periphery of the bottom surface, and a projecting portion provided on the side wall so as to project toward the bottom surface side. The metal frame houses the light source, the light guide plate, and the wiring board. At least a part of the light source is disposed between the bottom portion and the projecting portion, and the wiring board is disposed between the light source and the bottom portion.

Abstract: An optical chamber, an optical system, and a display device are provided. The optical chamber includes: a plurality of sidewalls, including a first sidewall having at least one opening, configured to reflect light in the optical chamber; and a light path adjusting element connected with the first sidewall, wherein the orthographic projection of the light path adjusting element onto the plane where the first sidewall lies at least partially lies in the area where the opening is located, and the light path adjusting element is configured to uniformly emit the light reflected by the plurality of sidewalls to the outside.

Abstract: A backlight unit suitable for use as an illuminator for liquid crystal display devices. The backlight unit comprises a glass light guide plate with a glass sheet including a first glass surface comprising a plurality of channels separated by peaks and arranged periodically therein, and a plurality of light emitting diodes arranged in an array along at least one edge surface of the glass sheet.

Abstract: A light guide plate, a backlight module and a display device are provided. The light guide plate includes a main body and optical structures. The main body has a light-incident surface, an opposite light-incident surface, and an optical surface. The optical structures are disposed on the optical surface. Each of the optical structures has a first optical active surface and a second optical active surface, and the first optical active surface and the second optical active surface are inclined towards different directions and formed in a non-symmetrical shape. A first inclined angle is formed between the first optical active surface and the optical surface. A second inclined angle is formed between the second optical active surface and the optical surface. The first included angle is greater than the second included angle, and a light-emitting angle of the light guide plate decreases exponentially with the first inclined angle.

Abstract: A molded component assembly includes a printed circuit board with a first face and an oppositely facing second face. Multiple light emitting diodes are mounted on a first portion of the first face. Multiple electronics components are mounted on a second portion of the first face. A light guide of a light translucent polymeric material has a contact surface directly contacting the first portion of the first face and multiple light outlets defining cavities in the light guide. The light guide is seated over the light emitting diodes and directly receives visible light from the light emitting diodes and transmits the visible light to the light outlets. A reflector plate directly contacts the light guide and extends over the second portion including the electronics components, and includes filler members extending into the light guide. The reflector plate reflects visible light back into the light guide.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a light guide plate and its fabricating method, as well as a backlight module. The light guide plate comprises a light-transmitting plate body provided with a plurality of light guide dots on a light-exiting surface thereof, and further provided with a plurality of dimming pits, wherein a plurality of light guide dots are provided around each of the dimming pits; an inner wall of each of the dimming pits sequentially includes multiple levels of dimming surfaces along a depth direction of the dimming pits, for reflecting light incident thereon to the light guide dots. The backlight module comprises the light guide plate provided in the above-described technical solution.

Abstract: A waveguide and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed herein. In an embodiment, the waveguide includes a waveguide tube and a light-shielding film disposed on a cutsurface of the rim side of the waveguide tube. The light-shielding film has a thickness of 2 to 120 ?m, an optical density (OD) of 0.01 to 0.7 on the basis of a light-shielding film thickness of 1.0 ?m, and a hardness of 3H or more in accordance with ASTM D3363 standard.

Abstract: A film-based lightguide comprises a major sheet area comprising a light extracting region and a minor sheet area positioned between the major sheet area and an array of strips extended from the minor sheet area. Each strip of the array of strips is bent and stacked such that stacked ends of the array of strips define an input surface. The lightguide further comprises a bend in the minor sheet area that positions the array of strips behind the major sheet area in a thickness direction of the film in the major sheet area. In one embodiment, the bend in the minor sheet area bends the film by an angle of 180 degrees. In another embodiment, the bend in the minor sheet area positions the light input surface behind the major sheet area in the thickness direction of the film in the major sheet area.

Abstract: A display device is disclosed. The display device includes a light guide plate having a through hole, an optical module disposed in the through hole, a liquid crystal panel disposed on the light guide plate, a guide panel disposed adjacent to the light guide plate, the guide panel supporting the liquid crystal panel, and a reflection enhancement structure provided on at least a surface of the light guide plate or a surface of the guide panel that faces the surface of the light guide plate, wherein reflection enhancement structure may include a plurality of reflective prisms disposed adjacent to a peripheral portion of the through hole of the light guide plate.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a backlight module, a display device and a terminal, in the field of display technology. The backlight module includes a back plate, a light guide plate and at least one elastic mechanism. The back plate includes a base plate and a lateral plate. The light guide plate is stacked on the base plate. The elastic mechanism is between a side surface of the light guide plate and the lateral plate, and the elastic mechanism is connected to the side surface of the light guide plate and the lateral plate.

Abstract: A display device of which an entire thickness in front and rear directions can be reduced and in which temperature of a lower portion can be prevented from being high is provided. A television device (display device) (100) includes a light source part (2), an optical sheet (5), and a rear frame (6). The light source part (2) is disposed in the upper portion of the television device (television device) (100) and a hollow light-guiding region (7) is provided between the reflection sheet (4) and the optical sheet (5). In the reflection sheet (4), a distance to the optical sheet (5) is less in the lower portion than in the upper portion.

Abstract: A molded component assembly includes a printed circuit board with a first face and an oppositely facing second face. Multiple light emitting diodes are mounted on a first portion of the first face. Multiple electronics components are mounted on a second portion of the first face. A light guide of a light translucent polymeric material is positioned over the light emitting diodes and the electronic components. The light guide includes: a contact surface directly contacting the first portion of the first face except at locations of the light emitting diodes; a cavity created in the contact surface, the electronics components located within the cavity when the contact surface directly contacts the first portion of the first face; and a through hole extending through a body of the light guide and opening into the cavity.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a preparation method of an optical fiber device having a polymer micronano structure integrated in an optical fiber, the method comprising: welding a hollow optical fiber so that the hollow optical fiber is welded between two solid optical fibers, ablating the welded hollow optical fiber utilizing a femtosecond laser ablation technology so that a channel vertical to an inner wall is ablated on the hollow optical fiber, filling a colorless and transparent liquid photoresist material inside the hollow optical fiber which has been ablated so that the inside of the hollow optical fiber is filled with the photoresist material, and polymerizing on the photoresist material inside the hollow optical fiber utilizing a femtosecond laser two-photon polymerization technology.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes an outer diameter less than 220 ?m, a glass fiber that includes a glass core and a glass cladding, a primary coating, and a secondary coating. The glass cladding surrounds and is in direct contact with the glass core. The primary coating surrounds and is in direct contact with the glass fiber. The primary coating can have a Young's modulus less than 0.5 MPa and a thickness less than 30.0 ?m. The secondary coating surrounds and is in direct contact with the primary coating. The secondary coating can have a thickness less than 27.5 m. A pullout force of the optical fiber can be less than a predetermined threshold when in an as-drawn state. The pullout force may increase by less than a factor of 2.0 upon aging the primary and secondary coatings on the glass fiber for at least 60 days.

Abstract: A photonic integrated circuit is provided that is adapted to compensate for an unintentional manufactured refractive index profile, such as a gradient, that arises due to manufacturing variance. The photonic integrated circuit including at least a thermal source and a spaced thermal sink to induce a thermal gradient in the photonic integrated circuit between the thermal source and the spaced thermal sink, the thermal gradient imparts an opposing thermal refractive index profile to correct for the manufactured refractive index profile. In some embodiments the photonic integrated circuit may be constructed with features that have an intentional structured refractive index profile that ensures any unintentional manufactured refractive index profile is correctable by the opposing thermal refractive index profile induced by the thermal source.

Abstract: An electro-optic waveguide device may include a slot waveguide including a lower high-refractive-index layer with a first refractive index and an upper high-refractive-index layer with a second refractive index, wherein the lower high-refractive-index layer and the upper high-refractive-index layer have conductivity and are disposed to face each other with a gap; and a slot part formed as a low-refractive-index layer, wherein the low-refractive-index layer is formed of a material producing an electro-optic effect and has a third refractive index lower than the first refractive index and the second refractive index, wherein the low-refractive-index layer is formed in the gap to come into contact with the lower high-refractive-index layer and the upper high-refractive-index layer, and wherein one of the lower high-refractive-index layer or the upper high-refractive-index layer includes a stretch stretching on both sides of a contact portion with the slot part in a width direction intersecting a transmission dir

Abstract: Brightness profile data having a number of dimensions is extracted based on image data in a radial direction of an optical fiber, the brightness profile data representing features for each rotation angle of the optical fiber. Machine learning uses training data to create a prediction model that based on the brightness profile data determines a rotation angle of each pair of optical fibers is. The pair of optical fibers are rotated to the determined rotation angle and then fusion spliced. The training data indicates a correspondence relationship between the rotation angle of the optical fiber and brightness profile in the radial direction for each rotation angle of the optical fiber. The prediction model can determine a rotation angle of an arbitrary optical fiber based on brightness profile data of the arbitrary optical fiber.

Abstract: An intermittently-coupled type optical fiber ribbon in which a plurality of ribbon type paired optical fibers each of which is integrally formed by bringing two optical fibers into contact with each other are arranged in parallel, and a coupling part in which adjacent ribbon type paired optical fibers are connected to each other and a non-coupling part in which ribbon type paired optical fibers are not connected are intermittently provided in a longitudinal direction, wherein an outer diameter dimension of the optical fiber is 0.22 mm or less, and a center distance of optical fibers adjacent with the coupling part interposed therebetween between the adjacent ribbon type paired optical fibers is 0.28±0.03 mm.

Abstract: A light source assembly having N outputs is disclosed. The assembly comprising: a light source arrangement arranged for supplying light to M inputs, where M an N independently of each other are integers and where M?2 and M?N; at least one optical couplers, each having at least one input arm and a plurality of output arms; and an integer number, P, of mode scramblers; The light source arrangement may comprise a broadband light source and a multimode coupler configured for receiving one or more light beams from the light source arrangement, wherein the one or more light beams being derived from the broadband light source and wherein a mode scrambler is arranged for mode scrambling one of said light beams before it enters the multimode coupler.

Abstract: Grating-based backlighting includes a light guide and a plurality of reflective grating islands spaced apart from one another and optically coupled to the light guide. The light guide is to guide a light beam at a non-zero propagation angle and a reflective grating island includes a reflection mode diffraction grating that is configured to diffractively couple out a portion of the guided light beam as a coupled-out light beam at a predetermined principal angular direction.

Abstract: A structure for coupling an optical signal between an integrated circuit photonic structure and an external optical fiber is disclosed as in a method of formation. The coupling structure is sloped relative to a horizontal surface of the photonic structure such that light entering or leaving the photonic structure is substantially normal to its upper surface.

Abstract: An adiabatic optical coupler can include: a top tapered region that includes a top taper having two top tapered sides that taper from a first end region to a top tip region, the top taper having a first length; and a bottom tapered region under the top tapered region, wherein the bottom tapered region includes a bottom taper having two bottom tapered sides that taper from the first end region to a bottom tip region, the bottom taper having a second length that is longer than the first length. Another adiabatic optical coupler can include: a tapered region that includes a taper having two tapered sides that taper from an end region to a tip region; and a sub-wavelength grating (SWG) optically coupled with the tip region. Another adiabatic optical coupler can include a combination of these two adiabatic optical couplers.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include an optical routing device that includes an organic substrate. According to an embodiment, an array of cavities are formed into the organic substrate and an array of piezoelectrically actuated mirrors may be anchored to the organic substrate with each piezoelectrically actuated mirror extending over a cavity. In order to properly rout incoming optical signals, the optical routing device may also include a routing die mounted on the organic substrate. The routing die may be electrically coupled to each of the piezoelectrically actuated mirrors and is able to generated a voltage across the first and second electrodes of each piezoelectrically actuated mirror. Additionally, a photodetector may be electrically coupled to the routing die. According to an embodiment, an array of fiber optic cables may be optically coupled with one of the piezoelectrically actuated mirrors and optically coupled with the photodetector.