Abstract: A transmission assembly includes a ring gear configured to receive an input torque from a power source, a carrier assembly coupled to the ring gear, the carrier assembly configured to rotate about a first axis and including a housing, and a spider gear rotatably coupled to the housing, a carrier outlet shaft including a carrier outlet gear in meshed engagement with the spider gear, wherein the carrier outlet shaft is configured to transmit an output torque to a driveshaft, a control shaft including a control gear in meshed engagement with the spider gear, and a load applicator coupled to the control shaft, wherein the load applicator is configured to provide a resistive torque to the control shaft to resist rotation of the control shaft and vary a gear ratio between the driveshaft and the input shaft.

Abstract: An apparatus for advancement along a predetermined curved trajectory, comprising: a conduit having a conduit distal end; an elongated member having a main axis, at least partially extending within said conduit and movable therein along its length, said elongated member comprising a segmented assembly formed of a plurality of segments hingedly connected with each other, each having an orientation axis perpendicular to the main axis; and a deflecting member extending along said main axis so as to have a first state with a first extension along at least a part of the segmented assembly including its most distal segment, and a second state with a second extension along said part of the segmented assembly, the second extension exceeding the first extension.

Abstract: Provided is an aperture-plate moving mechanism, including: a drive block 308 fixed to an aperture plate 301; a linear motion guide 306 for allowing the drive block to move along an axis while preventing the drive block from moving in other directions; a feed screw 302 laid in a direction of the axis; a nut member 305 having a threaded hole engaged with the feed screw, the nut member being prevented from rotating due to a rotation of the feed screw; and an urging member 309 for pressing the drive block onto the nut member in the direction of the axis. With respect to the direction of the axis, the contact portion of either the drive block or the nut member is a convex surface, while the contact portion of the other member is a concave surface having a larger radius of curvature than the convex surface.

Abstract: There is provided an electric actuator including: a motor that has a motor shaft, a speed reduction mechanism, an output portion that has an output shaft portion, a rotation detection device, and a first bearing. The output shaft portion extends in an axial direction and is disposed on one side in the axial direction of the motor shaft. The output portion has a first recessed portion recessed from the other side to the one side in the axial direction. An end portion of the motor shaft on the one side in the axial direction is accommodated in the first recessed portion. The first bearing is fixed to an inside surface of the first recessed portion in a radial direction. At least a portion of the rotation detection device is disposed at a position overlapping the first recessed portion in the radial direction.

Abstract: A medical device drive system including a lever body having portions defining a lever body cavity, a nut housing in the lever body cavity, and a first nut at least partially in the first nut cavity. The first nut is slideable in the first nut cavity between an engaged position in which the lead screw interface is engaged with the engagement portion of the lead screw, and a disengaged position in which the lead screw interface is not engaged with the engagement portion of the lead screw. The lead screw interface of the first nut is selectively engageable with the engagement portion of the lead screw by sliding the lever body and pin relative to the first nut housing.

Abstract: A ball screw nut having a tubular sheet metal body with a thread profile and being optionally encapsulated in plastic. This sheet metal body is formed of a sheet metal part that includes the thread profile and a ball-returning piece inserted therein, which is designed as an additional sheet metal part.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuously variable transmission. The continuously variable transmission comprises an outer rotary part, an inner rotary part which is arranged in the outer rotary part such that the inner and/or the outer rotary part are rotatable relative to one another, several coupling mechanisms for coupling the inner and outer rotary part with one another, an adjustment device for eccentric adjustment of the inner and outer rotary part relative to one another, a pump for delivering a lubricant into the transmission along a shell surface of the inner rotary part, and sealing elements which are arranged on the inner rotary part in the coupling mechanisms, or nozzles for delivering a predetermined amount of lubricant to the particular coupling mechanism.

Abstract: A dual clutch transmission includes a first and second concentric input shafts, a dual clutch assembly, a mainshaft coaxial with the first input shaft, a first countershaft, a second countershaft, and planetary range gearing with high and low ratios. The dual clutch transmission has six forward gear meshes and the high and low range ratios of the range gearing to provide ten forward gear ratios for the transmission. The transmission is powershiftable between consecutive gear ratios of the ten forward gear ratios such that no torque interrupt occurs during sequential shifts.

Abstract: A compact transaxle is provided with a multi-speed transmission mechanism having transmission shafts extended in a longitudinal direction so that the transaxle can be combined with an engine having a crankshaft in the longitudinal direction. A bevel gear serving as an output member of the multi-speed transmission mechanism having the transmission shafts meshes with a bevel gear provided on a speed-reduction intermediate shaft extended parallel to a pair of differential yoke shafts of a differential mechanism extended in a lateral direction. A single transaxle casing incorporates the multi-speed transmission mechanism, the differential mechanism, and a speed-reduction mechanism including the speed-reduction intermediate shaft, thereby constituting the transaxle.

Abstract: A drive axle system having a planetary interaxle differential unit. A shift collar may be movable along an axis between a first position and a second position. The shift collar may operatively connect a sun gear to a drive pinion when in the first position. The shift collar may operatively connect the sun gear to a planet carrier when in a second position.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission (CVT) is provided, where the CVT has an input shaft drivable by an engine, and an output shaft connectable to a load. A variator has an input side connected to the input shaft, and an output side. The variator is adjustable so as to vary a transmission ratio between the input and output sides. A differential transmission has a first differential input element connected to the input shaft, a second differential input element connected to the output side of the variator, and first and second differential output elements. A range transmission has a first range input element, and at least one range output element connected to the output shaft. A first connecting component selectively connects the first differential output element to the first range input element. A second connecting component selectively connects the second differential output element to the first range input element.

Abstract: A net-shaped composite plenum housing body for a differential assembly having a pump is disclosed. The plenum housing body can include a low pressure inlet and a high pressure outlet configured to receive a control valve. The plenum housing body can also define a fluid inlet channel in fluid communication with the low pressure inlet via a first internal port and can be configured to be in fluid communication with an inlet side of the pump when the plenum housing body is assembled onto the differential assembly. The plenum housing body can also define a fluid outlet channel in fluid communication with the high pressure outlet via a second internal port and can be configured to be in fluid communication with an outlet side of the pump when the plenum housing body is assembled onto the differential assembly. The plenum housing body can also be formed as a net-shape fiber reinforced plastic material including chopped fibers, for example, chopped fiberglass fibers, and an epoxy resin.

Abstract: In a differential device including a differential case having a case main body with an access window, a flange part includes: a first flange part outside a region sandwiched by paired imaginary straight lines passing through an axis and inner ends, on one and another sides in a peripheral direction of the case, of the window when viewed on a projection plane orthogonal to the axis; and the second flange part in the region. The second flange part includes a predetermined region spaced in the peripheral direction from a border part with the first flange part and capable of avoiding stress concentration around a degassing passage in the predetermined region when a thrust load acts on the flange part so as to generate stress resisting inclination thereof. The degassing passage is disposed only in the first flange part, only in the predetermined region, or only in both of them.

Abstract: A laminated sprocket assembly is provided formed of a plurality of layers that are connected together. Each of the layers is a stamped sheet metal layer having a plurality of spaced apart teeth located around a periphery thereof. The teeth in the plurality of connected layers are aligned. At least one of voids, channels, openings, or recesses are located in or between at least some of the layers for receiving and holding lubricating oil. This reduces noise and wear.

Abstract: A damper pulley assembly for a vehicle engine is provided wherein the damper pulley assembly includes a hub, a pulley and a hybrid shield affixed to the hub. The hub may be affixed to the crankshaft. The hub includes a pulley contact surface. The pulley may be mounted on the hub at the pulley contact surface of the hub. The hybrid shield may be affixed to the hub. The hybrid shield may be configured to attenuate an axial flow of noise and vibration from the crank shaft when the crankshaft, the hub, and the pulley are rotating.

Abstract: A variable transmission system for a vehicle is configured such that, when a magnitude of a hydraulic pressure detected by an hydraulic pressure sensor is a first predetermined value or more, a chord portion of a chain belt is pressed such that a raceway length of the chain belt is extended by at least a circumferential extension amount of the chain belt at the time when the magnitude of the hydraulic pressure is the first predetermined value. Hereby, it is possible to restrain the chain belt from coming off from a sheave even in a low vehicle speed range, at a low cost, without causing a fuel efficiency decrease and a driving torque decrease of the vehicle.

Abstract: Methods and systems for monitoring belt tension and determining belt lifespan in a TRS are disclosed. An embodiment of a self-tensioner can include a sensor connected to a self-tensioner in a belt driven system and a magnet that passes over the sensor to generate a signal. The sensor detects the signal, and the signal in conjunction with an angle of the magnet is converted into a voltage value. The method can include a controller connected to the self-tensioner, the controller converts the voltage value into a tension value, and stores the tension value among a plurality of premeasured tension values in a memory, where the controller compares the tension value and the plurality of premeasured tension values to determine a belt tension condition of the belt in the belt-driven system.

Abstract: A gear housing for a bevel gear having a surface which is made up of sections and attachment faces. The sections are convexly curved along at least one surface curve.

Abstract: An epicyclic gear train for a gas turbine engine according to an example of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a gutter having an annular channel, a sun gear rotatable about an axis, intermediary gears arranged circumferentially about and meshing with the sun gear, and a carrier supporting the intermediary gears, and a ring gear arranged about and intermeshing with the intermediary gears, the ring gear having an aperture axially aligned with the annular channel. The ring gear includes axially spaced apart walls that extend radially outward to define a passageway, and the passageway is arranged radially between the aperture and the annular channel such that the walls inhibit an axial flow of an oil passing from the aperture toward the annular channel.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission pedal control system includes a forward pedal connected to a forward pivoting bracket, a reverse pedal connected to a reverse pivoting bracket, a first spring connecting the forward pivoting bracket to a linkage such as a bell crank at a first attachment point, and a second spring connecting the reverse pivoting bracket to the linkage at a second attachment point. The linkage may be connected by a motion control rod to a continuously variable transmission that provides a variable forward traction drive speed based on a position of the forward pedal and a variable reverse traction drive speed based on a position of the reverse pedal.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a vehicle provided with a step-variable transmission including a one-way clutch to be placed in an engaged state to establish a predetermined one of gear positions of the step-variable transmission, and a coupling device disposed parallel with the one-way clutch, includes a control portion configured to control a shift-up action of the step-variable transmission from the above-indicated predetermined one gear position in which the coupling device is placed in its engaged state, the control portion controlling the shift-up action so as to delay a releasing action of the coupling device where a required torque of the vehicle prior to a moment of initiation of an inertia phase of the shift-up action is larger than a predetermined value, with respect to the releasing action where the required torque is not larger than the predetermined value.

Abstract: In a transmission controller for the open-loop and/or closed-loop control of the operation of an automatic or automated manual transmission of a motor vehicle, a shifting strategy of the transmission control unit controls the operation of the transmission in an open-loop and/or closed-loop manner based on driving status data and/or driver intention data. The shifting strategy of the transmission control unit influences a gear change from a current actual gear into a target gear based on available environmental data. In the event of a required down-shift from a current actual gear into a lower target gear, the transmission control unit is configured to take into account available information relating to a traffic light status, in particular relating to a change of a traffic light status of a relevant traffic light.

Abstract: A sensor mounting may include an accommodation unit; a sensor case; and a screw member. A flow passage body may include the accommodation unit, and a flow passage opening. The fluid pressure sensor may include a sensor main body, and the sensor case. The sensor case may include a sensing hole. The sensor case may include a columnar portion disposed along a center axis, and a flange portion which protrudes from the columnar portion. The accommodation unit may include a female screw provided in a radially inside surface of the accommodation unit. The screw member may include the screw member may include a hole portion, and a male screw. The screw member may be disposed to be opposed to an upper side of the flange portion.

Abstract: A shift control device includes: a hydraulic circuit, an actuation valve, a control unit, and a pressure holding valve. The hydraulic circuit is provided with a supply oil passage coupled to a hydraulic oil supply source, a drain oil passage coupled to a tank, and an actuator oil passage coupled to a travel actuator. The actuation valve is provided in the hydraulic circuit and couples the actuator oil passage to the supply oil passage or the drain oil passage. The control unit switches the actuation valve in accordance with a shift position command of a shift operation device. The pressure holding valve is provided in the drain oil passage and holds a pressure of the drain oil passage at a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: A failure judgment device of an automatic transmission includes: a first abnormality judging section configured to judge a power supply fault abnormality or a breaking abnormality of the solenoid, from a selected shift stage and a state of the transmission mechanism, after the detection of the electric abnormality; and a second abnormality judging section configured to judge the power supply abnormality or the breaking abnormality of the solenoid, from the monitor current value when the solenoid valve is switched to an OFF state, after the detection of the electric abnormality, when one of the first abnormality judging section and the second abnormality judging section judges the power supply fault abnormality or the breaking abnormality, the judgement result being outputted.

Abstract: A torque converter transmits a torque from a drive source to an input shaft of a transmission. The torque converter includes a front cover, an impeller, a turbine and a lock-up device. The torque is inputted to the front cover. The impeller is fixed to the front cover. The turbine is disposed in opposition to the impeller, and is coupled to the input shaft of the transmission. The lock-up device mechanically transmits the torque from the front cover to the turbine. The lock-up device includes a piston, a damper mechanism and a friction generating mechanism. The piston is disposed between the front cover and the turbine so as to be axially movable, and is capable of being engaged by friction with the turbine. The damper mechanism transmits the torque from the front cover to the piston. The friction generating mechanism generates a hysteresis torque on the piston by frictional resistance.

Abstract: An electronic transmission range select actuator (ETRSA) includes two independent drive systems that are each able to actuate a common shaft, for example an output shaft of the ETRSA, via a coupling device disposed between and connecting the gear trains of each system. The first drive system of the two independent drive systems is used during normal vehicle operation to change the transmission gear range to a desired gear range. The second drive system is used in case of abnormal operation of the first drive system to return the vehicle transmission to the park transmission range.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a vehicle drive-force transmitting apparatus that includes a gear mechanism and a continuously-variable transmission mechanism including a primary pulley, a secondary pulley, a transfer element that is looped over the primary and secondary pulleys, and an actuator configured to apply, to the primary pulley, a thrust, based on which the transfer element is to be clamped by the primary pulley. The vehicle drive-force transmitting apparatus defines a first drive-force transmitting path for transmitting a drive force through the gear mechanism and a second drive-force transmitting path for transmitting the drive force through the continuously-variable transmission mechanism.

Abstract: An assembly (12) for actuating a transmission brake (1) that has a transmission brake cylinder (7), at least one control valve (16, 17) for controlling pressurizing and/or exhausting of the transmission brake cylinder (7), and at least one pressure line (14) via which the at least one control valve (16, 17) is connected to the transmission brake cylinder (7) to supply a pressure medium (10) to and discharge the pressure medium (10) from a pressure chamber (9) of the transmission brake cylinder (7). The assembly (12) includes a quick-exhaust valve (15), which is arranged in the pressure line (14) between the transmission brake cylinder (7), and the at least one control valve (16, 17).

Abstract: A shifter assembly having a housing supporting a detent locking wheel with a biasing return spring. A plunger housing subassembly is rotatably supported within the locking wheel and operating in response to an external input to be rotated between each of Park, Reverse, Neutral and Drive gear shift positions. A solenoid is supported by the housing and is linked to a lock lever assembly pivotally engaged in the housing in proximity to the locking wheel, an extending portion of the lock lever assembly engaging the locking wheel. A PCB board is integrated into the housing and is communicable with at least one external sensor associated with a driver exit condition. Upon a triggering of the exit condition with the shifter in other than a Park position, the solenoid being energized to retract the lock lever assembly to permit the return spring to rotate said wheel to the Park position.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine has a piston head, a pin boss with pin bores, and a piston skirt. The piston head has a combustion bowl, a ring belt with ring grooves, a circumferential cooling channel, and at least one diverter rod connected to the ring belt and extending into the cooling channel. The diverter rod diverts the spray of cooling oil within the cooling channel to achieve more uniform and efficient cooling of the piston during operation.

Abstract: Low-friction sealing assembly for a vehicle wheel-hub unit inserted inside an annular interspace defined between a flanged rotating element and a stationary element, coaxial with each other, of the wheel-hub unit to protect at least one ring of revolving bodies arranged between the stationary element and the rotating element, and having a first annular screen and a second annular screen during use integral with the rotating element and with the stationary element; and an annular seal having lips that extend axially and radially projecting from the first screen towards the second screen inside an annular chamber defined by the first and second screens; the sealing assembly being a multi-stage sealing assembly provided with a first inner collecting stage designed to collect and expel some of the contaminants.

Abstract: Provided is a gasket being interposed between the flanges which are the connecting portions of the pipes. The gasket includes: a first jacket; a kammprofile provided in the first jacket; an O-ring member provided at the inner side of the kammprofile; and a second jacket encasing a portion of the first jacket, the kammprofile, and the O-ring member. A method of manufacturing the gasket is provided.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a gasket capable of maintaining a surface pressure for a long period of time while securing sealing performance and improving durability and a manufacturing method thereof. A gasket includes a first annular portion which is formed by a metal wire woven fabric and has a seal target hole and a main body portion which is formed by a metal wire woven fabric and is in contact with an outer peripheral edge of the first annular portion, in which a metal wire of the metal wire woven fabric and a metal wire of the metal wire woven fabric are entangled so that the first annular portion and the main body portion are joined to each other and a gap between the metal wires forming the first annular portion is sealed by a resin.

Abstract: Provided is a spiral wound gasket that has improved conformability and that is capable of exhibiting sufficient sealability for flanges provided at joints, irrespective of the state of a gap between the flanges. The present invention provides a spiral wound gasket in which a laminate of a hoop member made of metal and a filler member is wound and integrated so as to have an opening at the center, wherein the hoop member has a cross-sectional shape with a bent portion, and V expressed by an equation (I) below is 0.5 to 2.4: V = 1 r ? cos ? ( ? 2 ) , ( I ) where a bending angle constituting the bent portion is ? (°), and a radius of curvature of the bent portion is r (mm).

Abstract: Provided is a spiral wound gasket that makes it less likely that gaps that are in communication with each other in a spiral shape will remain between layers of a filler member exposed at a gasket face in a state before the gasket is clamped and that is capable of exhibiting sufficient sealability for flanges provided at pipe joints. The present invention provides a spiral wound gasket in which a laminate of a hoop member made of metal and a filler member is wound around an opening and integrated, and which has gasket faces at respective end portions, wherein, at each of the gasket faces, an end portion of the filler member protrudes past an end portion of the hoop member, and the gasket faces have a surface roughness Rz of 30 ?m to 200 ?m.

Abstract: A seal for sealing a circumferential gap between two machine components, one of the machine components being mounted such that it can be rotated in the axial direction relative to the other machine component, having a main seal with at least one shoe for establishing a contact-free sealing action between the machine components, and with at least one spring element which supports the shoe on one of the machine components in such a way that a radial movement of the shoe is possible as a reaction to the exertion of fluid pressure on the shoe, and an auxiliary seal which seals the spring element in the axial direction, the auxiliary seal having at least two layers which adjoin one another in the axial direction.

Abstract: A pressure regulator comprising a housing containing a channel arranged to communicate a fluid from a fluid inlet to a fluid outlet, said channel comprising a valve seat and closure member with said closure member operable with valve seat to control fluid flow through the channel and; wherein the housing comprises a resilient diaphragm in fluid communication with the fluid and in physical communication with the closure member such that the diaphragm is operable to deform in response to a change in pressure of the fluid and such that deformation of the diaphragm causes the closure member to change position and; wherein a hollow member is located in the channel and the stem of said hollow member defines a narrow path between the channel and outside of said stem in a region proximate to the fluid outlet such that fluid passing through the channel is communicated from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet via said narrow path such that the pressure of the fluid emerging from said narrow path into the channel is com

Abstract: A ceramic valve unit for a beverage machine including a housing, a water inlet pipe for receiving hot water, an outflow opening, and first and second ceramic elements within the housing. The first and second ceramic elements each have mutually abutting surfaces and are relatively movable in a plane common to the abutting surfaces. The plane common to the abutting surfaces is downstream of the water inlet pipe and the first ceramic element, but upstream of the second ceramic element and the outflow opening. The first ceramic element has at least differently sized first and second openings for allowing a liquid flow there through. The second ceramic element has only a single liquid flow opening permanently aligned with the outflow opening. The first ceramic element is selectively slidable between at least first and second different positions preferably in a path of movement about a centre of rotation beyond the boundaries of the first ceramic element.

Abstract: A ball and seat valve for high temperature and pressure applications, such as those used in isolation barrier valves in subterranean wells, is disclosed. The valve incorporates thermally fitted sleeve into the ball and/or the seat to allow for greater pressures and temperatures due to resultant stresses left with the parts due to interference. Additionally, the materials making up the sleeves may be chosen to allow for greater resistance to corrosive and erosive wellbore fluids.

Abstract: A coolant control valve is provided that has an outer housing, an actuator, and a fluid flow metering rotary valve body actuated by the actuator. The rotary valve body includes a rotational axis and at least one lobe having a fluid opening. The fluid opening has a first width and a first end. The first width is configured for a first contact face having a first sealing diameter. At least one first support land extends from the first end. The at least one first support land is configured to support a second contact face having a second sealing diameter, the second sealing diameter smaller than the first width.

Abstract: Apparatus and method contemplating a high pressure fluid end assembly having a body defining a body bore and defining a recess in the body intersecting the body bore. A closure is joined to the body and forms a sealing surface. A seal is mounted to the body in the recess and configured to extend from the recess beyond the body bore to seal against the sealing surface formed by the closure.

Abstract: A manifold that allows replaceable pressure relief components to be installed and replaced without requiring a system shut down. The manifold allows two pressure relief valves to be installed in separate pressure relief ports. The manifold also includes a valve switch that isolates each valve independently, while allowing the system to remain in operation. For example, in a first position, the manifold directs fluid flow to a first pressure relief valve, while a second pressure relief valve is isolated.

Abstract: A sewer back-up prevention device for a recreational vehicle utilizes a T-shaped unit of tubing having a recreational vehicle sewer line hook-up on a first end, a sewer hose hook-up on a second end, and a trap cleanout access point disposed therebetween. Disposed within the T-shaped unit is a one-way flapper valve.

Abstract: A relief valve structure (20) attached to a pump body (10) includes: a first discharge portion (31) for discharging oil when a discharge pressure is a first predetermined pressure; a second discharge portion (32) for discharging the oil when the discharge pressure reaches a second predetermined pressure higher than the first predetermined pressure; a third discharge portion (33) for discharging the oil when the discharge pressure exceeds the first predetermined pressure and reaches the second predetermined pressure or a pressure lower than the second predetermined pressure; and a pressure relief hole (34) for releasing the oil from an area around a valve spring (23). The second discharge portion, the first discharge portion, the third discharge portion, and the pressure release hole are provided in this order between an introduction portion (29) and a spring retaining member (24) when viewed from the introduction portion (29).

Abstract: A suction dampening device comprises a housing with an inlet port formed therein and a valve case disposed adjacent the inlet port. The valve case includes at least one opening formed therein. A valve core is slidably disposed within the valve case. A lever having an axis of rotation fixed to a portion of the valve case includes a first lever arm disposed to a first side of the axis of rotation and a second lever arm disposed to a second side of the axis of rotation. The second lever arm abuts an outer circumferential surface of the valve core. A spring element is disposed between the first lever arm and the valve core. The spring element is configured to apply a force to the first lever arm to cause the second lever arm to apply a lateral force to the valve core to dampen vibrations of the spring element.

Abstract: A check valve includes a ball and a seat. The seat includes a body and a hole extending through the body. The hole is smaller in diameter than the ball. The body of the seat is formed from ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene. The ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene of the seat has an ASTM D648 heat deflection temperature of 46.7° C. at 1.8 MPa.

Abstract: A hydraulic control circuit component such as a valve is configured which sliding surfaces. At least one of the sliding surfaces is configured as a single crystal material, such as ruby or sapphire.

Abstract: The invention provides a control valve which makes the downsizing and the weight reduction possible and a method of manufacturing the same. The control valve is provided with a valve main body in which a valve chamber is formed in its inner portion, a connection member which is firmly fixed to the valve main body, and a can which is firmly fixed to the valve main body. The valve main body and the can include the same metal material. The connection member is made of a resin. The connection member is provided with a fastening portion for connecting piping parts.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a flow control device. The flow control device comprises a sheet made from a shape memory alloy. The flow control device also comprises at least one slit through the sheet. At least the one slit defines at least one flap in the sheet. The flow control device further comprises at least one electrically-resistive trace printed on the sheet at least one of on or adjacent at least the one flap. Upon receipt of an electrical current, at least the one electrically-resistive trace configured to generate heat for deforming at least the one flap relative to the sheet and opening an aperture formed in the sheet.