Abstract: An electrode for a sensor element 1 that detects a specific substance in a gas to be measured, wherein the electrode is embedded in an insulating substrate having a detection face to which the specific substance adheres, the electrode being embedded in such a manner that a part of the electrode is exposed at the detection face, the electrode comprises an alloy of Pt and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Rh, Ru, Ir, Os, and Pd, and granular voids dispersed among the alloy, and the content of the metal in the alloy is 40 mass % or less, and the number of the granular voids per unit volume of the electrode for a sensor element is 3/100 ?m3 to 50/100 ?m3.

Abstract: A hydrogen detection method using a gas sensor, in which the gas sensor includes a first conductive layer; a second conductive layer including a first region having a first thickness and a second region having a second thickness larger than the first thickness; a metal oxide layer disposed between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer; and an insulation layer covering the first conductive layer, the second region of the second conductive layer, and the metal oxide layer and not covering the first region of the second conductive layer. The hydrogen detection method includes allowing a gas to come into contact with the first region of the second conductive layer; and detecting a hydrogen gas contained in the gas by detecting a decrease in resistance between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer.

Abstract: A gas sensor, having: a substrate; a heatable membrane configured on a substrate front side of the substrate; at least three electrodes disposed on a membrane surface of the membrane; a first coating configured on an area of the membrane surface, at least two of the at least three electrodes contacting the first coating; a second coating configured on the first coating and on an area of the membrane surface, at least two of the at least three electrodes contacting the second coating, and at least one of the at least two electrodes that contact the second coating being different from the at least two electrodes that contact the first coating.

Abstract: The invention provides a bio-detection device, including a carrier, a plurality of spacers, an electronic circuit, and a package layer, wherein an open platform is formed. The carrier includes a test region and a signal transmission wiring, wherein the test region is configured to carry a fluid under test. The spacers are located on the test region and electrically connected to two different voltage levels to form a capacitor for sensing a capacitance of the fluid. The spacers are connected to the signal transmission wiring. The electronic circuit receives and processes a sensing signal corresponding to the capacitance of the fluid. The package layer covers a portion of the carrier but does not cover the test region. The open platform is formed whereby a user can easily put in the fluid. The open platform has a bottom which includes the test region, and an area of the open platform is defined by the spacers and the package layer.

Abstract: Electropolymerized polymer or copolymer films on a conducting substrate (e.g., graphene) and methods of making such films. The films may be part of multilayer structures. The films can be formed by anodic or cathodic electropolymerization of monomers. The films and structures (e.g., multilayer structures) can be used in devices such as, for example, electrochromic devices, electrical-energy storage devices, photo-voltaic devices, field-effect transistor devices, electrical devices, electronic devices, energy-generation devices, and microfluidic devices.

Abstract: A biosensor system determines analyte concentration from an output signal generated from a light-identifiable species or a redox reaction of the analyte. The biosensor system compensates at least 50% of the total error in the output signal with a primary function and compensates a portion of the remaining error with a residual function. The amount of error compensation provided by the primary and residual functions may be adjusted with a weighing coefficient. The compensation method including a primary function and a residual function may be used to determine analyte concentrations having improved accuracy from output signals including components attributable to error.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte-type CO2 sensor having a reduced influence from volatile organic compounds (VOCs), includes: a solid electrolyte; a reference electrode which is formed at one side of the solid electrolyte; a detecting electrode of which one side is joined and which is formed at the other side of the solid electrolyte; a substrate which is formed at the other side of the reference electrode; and an oxidation catalyst which is formed at the other side of the detecting electrode.

Abstract: A gas sensor element with excellent sensor output reliability and durability and a manufacturing method thereof is provided. The gas sensor element is provided with an oxygen-ion conductive solid electrolyte body, a measuring electrode and a reference electrode provided respectively on surface and another surface of the solid electrolyte body, a signal lead part 5 connected to the measuring electrode, which also extends to a base end side thereof, a first ceramic layer covering the signal lead part from an opposing side to the solid electrolyte body, and a second ceramic layer intervening between the signal lead part and the solid electrolyte body. The signal lead part is formed from one metal or an alloy of more than one metal selected from a group consisting of Pt, Au, Ag, Pd, Rh, Ni and Ir. On the second ceramic layer, a dyeing section which is the metal or an alloy of more than one metal dyed thereon, is formed from the signal lead part side.

Abstract: A gel electrophoresis apparatus for single cell gel electrophoresis, including a chamber for receiving a gel electrophoresis buffer, a functional cover for closing the chamber, at least one pair of electrodes for generating a homogeneous electric field in the chamber and at least one retaining element for receiving and positioning at least one support plate. The at least one retaining element positions the at least one support plate in the homogeneous electric field generated by the at least one pair of electrodes.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present technology include a system for analyzing a molecule. The system may include a device. The device includes a first conductive element, a second conductive element, and an insulating layer. The insulating layer may be tapered in a direction to reach a minimum thickness at a first end of the device. The insulating layer is disposed between the first conductive element and the second conductive element. The device may include a voltage source in electrical communication with the first conductive element and the second conductive element. The device may also include an electrical meter in electrical communication with the voltage source, the first conductive element, and the second conductive element.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for measuring oil/water content in oil-water mixtures, regardless of the salinity of the mixture and regardless of air in the sensor pipe. In some embodiments, the oil content is measured using a dielectric sensor. It is determined whether the oil content is above or below a threshold. If the oil content is above the threshold, the oil content is reported using the measurement from the dielectric sensor. If the oil content is below the threshold, the oil content is reported using the measurement from the eddy current sensor. In some embodiments, which improve performance when there is air in the sensor pipe, two dielectric sensors with different geometries are used instead of the one dielectric sensor.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of checking defects of a rail for a vehicle with a high SN ratio. A detection device (2) for generating check data related to the defects of a railway rail RR (rail for a vehicle) is provided with an oscillating coil C1 (211) and an oscillating coil C2 (211) that are disposed on the surface opposite the railway rail RR and generate AC magnetic fields whose directions are opposite to each other, and a receiving coil (212) that is positioned between or in the vicinity the oscillation coils and that outputs a magnetic field waveform based on the magnetic fields received from the oscillating coils as the check data.

Abstract: A vibration sensor comprising an oscillatable unit, which is composed of a membrane with an inner surface and an outer surface and, in given cases, at least one oscillatory element secured on the outer surface of the membrane. A transmitting/receiving unit is provided, which with a predetermined exciter frequency excites the oscillatable unit to execute oscillations and which receives oscillations of the oscillatable unit. A control/evaluation unit is provided, which signals reaching of the predetermined fill level or ascertains the density, respectively the viscosity, of the medium. In order to be able to apply the vibration sensor in high temperature applications, a disc shaped element of a magnetostrictive material is provided, which has a force transmitting connection with the inner surface of the membrane. The transmitting/receiving unit is an electromagnetic drive.

Abstract: A system for detecting rodent activity in an area. A series of detectors that calibrated to detect rodent vocalizations are placed in a geographic area. One or more of the detectors detect rodent vocalizations and transmits data notifying a central computer of detected vocalizations. The computer is provided with a program that generates a report of incidences and locations of detected vocalizations.

Abstract: An improved analytical method for analysis of dianhydrogalactitol preparations provides a method for determining the purity of dianhydrogalactitol and detecting impurities in preparations of dianhydrogalactitol, as well as identifying any such impurities. The method employs high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), in particular, HPLC employing a reverse phase amide column with ELSD detection; the HPLC can be followed by tandem mass spectroscopy. The method can further comprise the step of performing preparative HPLC collection of at least one specific substance peak present in a preparation of dianhydrogalactitol.

Abstract: A piston member for a high-pressure pump for pumping fluid in a sample separation apparatus, wherein the piston member comprises a piston configured for being mountable to reciprocate in a piston chamber for displacing fluid, and a sealing for sealing between the piston member and the piston chamber when the piston member is mounted in the piston chamber to reciprocate, wherein the sealing is mounted on the piston so as to reciprocate together with the piston.

Abstract: An analysis system for analysing the constituents of a sample of material is provided. A reference supply conduit supplies a source of a first gas. A carrier supply conduit supplies a source of the first or a second gas. First and second reactors are included. A first auto-sampler provides one or more samples of material, the first auto-sampler having an inlet for receiving gas and an outlet for providing the received gas and a sample to the first reactor. A second auto-sampler provides one or more samples of material, the second auto-sampler having an inlet for receiving gas and an outlet for providing the received gas and a sample to the second reactor. A thermal conductivity detector has first and second channels for identifying the relative conductivity of the gases in each channel. A valve system controls the flow of gas from the supply conduits to the auto-samplers.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to structural elucidation of isotopically labeled analytes using chromatography-MS and data-independent acquisition. The present disclosure can be used for rapid screening of analytes, such as the metabolome, including the simultaneous collection of both qualitative and quantitative information of known and unknown analytes.

Abstract: A wearable device for sensing airborne narcotics. In embodiments, the wearable device may comprise an air intake; an ionization apparatus for ionization of molecules of airborne narcotics, wherein the apparatus may comprise a heated surface in fluid communication with the intake for heating molecules of airborne narcotics to ionize said molecules; at least one collector for receiving ions resulting from said ionization, and generating a signal; an apparatus for creating electrical potential to draw said ions to said at least one collector; and an alarm generator for generating an alarm if a time gap between said creation of ions and said signal indicates a presence of an airborne narcotic.

Abstract: A liquid sample introduction system for an ion source which ionizes a liquid sample by supplying the liquid sample to an ionization probe in an ion source and blowing an atomization-promoting gas at the liquid sample exiting from the tip of the ionization probe, the system including: a hermetically closable liquid sample container for holding a liquid sample; a liquid-supply-gas passage having one end connected to a point in a passage for an atomization-promoting gas leading to the ion source, and the other end connected to a space above a liquid level in the liquid sample container; a sample supply passage having one end connected to a space below the liquid level in the liquid sample container and the other end connected to the ionization probe; and a passage-switching unit in the sample supply passage for switching the sample supply passage between the communicating state and the closed state.

Abstract: A new electrospray emitter capable of cone-jet mode spray for liquid flow-rates from sub-microliter/minute to 10's of microliters/minute is provided. The high efficiency of ionization and vaporization enabled by the disclosed spray emitter provides improved sensitivity for mass spectrometer detection. The disclosed spray emitter sprays consistently and robustly a liquid buffer having a large range of compositions of aqueous and organic solvents, and is not sensitive to the polarity of the electric field used to induce spray. The fluidic channel leading to the spray emitter opening does not have an internal taper rendering the spray emitter clog-resistant.

Abstract: A gas chromatograph is provided which is capable of effectively reducing the amount consumed of a carrier gas, reducing the time and effort required for an operator to manually set parameters, and preventing damages to a column and a detector due to a setting mistake. In a case where a stop operation for the power supply of the gas chromatograph is performed (Yes in step S101), the flow rate of a carrier gas to be supplied to a sample vaporization chamber is decreased and the temperatures of the column and the detector are sufficiently lowered (steps S102 to S104), and then the power supply of the gas chromatograph is switched over from an ON state to an OFF state (step S106).

Abstract: A test bench for a control system for controlling a wideband lambda sensor, which is configured to calculate an actual value, which represents an oxygen concentration in a measuring gap of a wideband lambda sensor or an indicator value from which the oxygen concentration can be derived, with consideration of a current generated by a pump voltage in an electrical circuit. In order to simulate the electrical response of a pump cell of the wideband lambda sensor, a first diode and a second diode are connected in parallel in the electrical circuit such that a current flows through the first diode at a first polarity of the pump voltage and a current flows through the second diode at a second polarity of the pump voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gas sensing material for methylbenzene detection. Specifically, the gas sensing material includes a nanocomposite of Cr2O3 and ZnCr2O4. The content of Cr in the nanocomposite is from 67.0 at. % to 90.0 at. %, based on the sum of the contents of Cr and Zn atoms. The gas sensing material is highly selective to methylbenzenes over other gases and is highly sensitive to methylbenzenes. Also disclosed are methods for preparing the gas sensing material. The methods facilitate control over the composition of the gas sensing material and enable rapid synthesis of the gas sensing material at low temperature. Also disclosed is a gas sensor including the gas sensing material.

Abstract: An embodiment provides a method, including: operating a motor to position sample fluid within a fluid channel of a cuvette; transmitting light through an optical chamber of the cuvette; measuring a value of received light that has been transmitted through the optical chamber; comparing the measured value of light to one or more thresholds; determining a position of the sample fluid within the fluid channel based on a comparison from the comparing step; and generating a response based upon the position of the sample fluid with the fluid channel. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Abstract: Methods and systems for in situ monitoring of coke morphology in a delayed coking unit. At least one transmitting electrode and at least one receiving electrode are utilized to transmit AC current across coke being formed within the delayed coking unit. An impedance analyzer can be used to measure the impedance encountered between the transmitting electrode and the receiving electrode. This measure impedance is compared to an impedance curve comprising known impedance values for different coke morphologies to determine the morphology of coke being formed in the delayed coking unit.

Abstract: A system includes at least one sensing device located within a structure being built as part of a construction project. The sensing device obtains measurements relating to a first characteristic of concrete of the structure and transmits the data wirelessly. The system also includes a memory, and a processor adapted to receive the data from the sensing devices, determine a second characteristic of the concrete based on the data, and generate a schedule of activities based on the second characteristic. The schedule may be a project schedule specifying tasks associated with the construction project. The processor is also adapted to cause at least one activity to be performed based on the schedule of activities.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein are directed to devices for supporting growth of anisotropic muscle tissue layers and in vitro readout and quantification of force generated by the tissue layers using one or more strain-sensing elements integrated into the device. Embodiments also include multiplexed apparatuses of multiple independent devices, methods of fabricating the devices and apparatuses, and methods of using the devices and apparatuses.

Abstract: Provided are a measuring apparatus and method for obtaining a measurement value from a response to a signal applied to a sample, wherein the measuring apparatus includes a first measuring unit that measures a first electric response to a first signal that is input to a first pair of electrodes that can come into contact with a sample, a second measuring unit that measures a second electric response to a second signal that is input to a second pair of electrodes that can come into contact with the sample, the second signal changing its value from a first level to a second level and thereafter maintaining the second level for a certain period of time, as a peak value of a response signal with respect to the change in the second signal, and a control unit that corrects a value indicating the amount of a measuring target component of the sample, the value being obtained from the first electric response, based on the peak value of the response signal.

Abstract: Various devices are disclosed for measuring the concentration of an analyte, such as acetone, in a breath sample. The disclosed devices include a disposable cartridge containing a reactive material that extracts the analyte from a breath sample passed through the cartridge. In some embodiments, the cartridge contains a solid, porous structure (such as a disk, bowl or puck) that contains the reactive material. To induce a chemical reaction for measuring the quantity of the extracted analyte, the porous structure may be brought into contact with a sponge or pad that dispenses developer solution to the porous structure. Also disclosed are devices for routing a breath sample through the cartridge during exhalation, and for analyzing a reaction in the cartridge to measure a concentration of the analyte.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of designing or optimizing a drug candidate by making stereodynamic derivatives as well as novel derivatives of Glyx-13 with improved biological and pharmacological properties.

Abstract: An electrochemical method for detecting effect of an anticancer drug on cancer cells, including: culturing a plurality of cancer cells to form cultured cells, attaching the cultured cells onto an array of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) electrodes, measuring a first electrochemical response of the attached cells onto the array of electrodes, adding an anticancer drug to the attached cells onto the array of electrodes to form drug-treated cells, measuring a second electrochemical response of the drug-treated cells, and determining the effect of the anticancer drug on the cancer cells based on a comparison of the first and the second electrochemical responses.

Abstract: A method for predicting the phenotypic stability of a cell line comprises the steps of culturing the cell line over an assay period, and generating an environmental response fingerprint for the cell line at a plurality of different time points over the assay period, wherein each environmental response fingerprint is generated by determining the environmental response of the cells in the presence of each of a plurality of chemical cell stressors. The plurality of environmental response fingerprints are compared to detect change in the environmental response fingerprint over the assay period. The level of change in the environmental response fingerprint over the assay period is indicative of the level of predicted phenotypic instability in the cell line. The environmental response may be growth response, productivity response, or another detectable environmental response.

Abstract: Newly identified mammalian taste-cell-specific G protein-coupled receptors which function as hetero-oligomeric complexes in the sweet taste transduction pathway, and the genes and cDNA encoding said receptors are described. Specifically, T1R G protein-coupled receptors active in sweet taste signaling as hetero-oligomeric complexes, and the genes and cDNA encoding the same, are described, along with methods for isolating such genes and for isolating and expressing such receptors. Methods for identifying putative taste modulating compounds using such hetero-oligomeric complexes also described, as is a novel surface expression facilitating peptide useful for targeting integral plasma membrane proteins to the surface of a cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for labeling, detecting and/or isolating Foxp3+ Treg cells from a biological sample containing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) or lymphocytes including the following steps of: (i) coupling the surface of PBMC or lymphocytes to a capture moiety which binds to the cell through a cell surface molecule and to interleukin-34 (IL34), (ii) culturing the lymphocytes under conditions wherein IL34 is secreted, released and specifically captured by the capture moiety, (iii) labeling the IL34 expressing lymphocytes with a label moiety, and (iv) optionally detecting and/or isolating the IL34 expressing lymphocytes which are Foxp3+ Treg cells. Also disclosed is an isolated population of Foxp3+ Treg cells obtainable by the method and uses thereof.

Abstract: The invention is in the domain of delivery of molecules to brain cells across the blood-brain barrier. The invention relates to a novel polypeptide-based carrier that allows the efficient delivery of an effector peptide, to neuron cells across the blood-brain barrier, and to methods for the production and testing of such carrier, including a model for testing the capacity of such molecule to cross the blood-brain barrier and/or the toxicity of molecules on the blood brain barrier and/or the capacity of molecules that have crossed to target human brain cells (e/g. neurons, astrocytes and microglial cells).

Abstract: The present invention is in the field of plant breeding and genetics, particularly as it pertains to the genus, Glycine. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for screening soybean plants containing one or more quantitative trait loci for disease resistance, species of Glycine having such loci and methods for breeding for and screening of Glycine with such loci. The invention further relates to the use of exotic germplasm in a breeding program.

Abstract: In various embodiments methods are provided for identifying a mammal having an elevated risk for an adverse cardiac event (e.g. an MI) and/or determining the prognosis for the mammal. In certain embodiments the methods comprise determining, or causing to be determined, the presence and/or level of antibodies that bind a malondialdehyde-acetaldheyde adduct (MAA adduct) in a biological sample from the mammal, where an elevated level of anti-MAA adduct antibodies, as compared to the level found in a normal healthy mammal is an indicator that that said mammal has one or more atherosclerotic lesions and/or is at elevated risk for a myocardial infarction.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide an immunoassay method that enables an immunoassay with high sensitivity at a high development rate without causing aggregation of insoluble carriers or non-specific reaction while improving test efficiency and reducing labor. The present invention relates to an immunoassay method that uses a test device, and the method includes: extracting an antigen of a detection target in an analyte with an extraction agent; and detecting the detection target with a detection reagent capable of binding the antigen. The extraction agent is a nitrous acid generated on the test device by a contact reaction between a nitrite salt and a heterocyclic compound having at least one skeleton selected from the group consisting of a cyclic ester, a cyclic amide, and a cyclic imide.

Abstract: An object is to provide an immunochromatographic analysis method capable of shortening the developing time without decreasing the detection sensitivity, and also capable of reducing the return of the liquid of a developed component, and a method for detecting a detection target contained in an analyte using an immunochromatographic analysis device including an absorption part composed of glass fiber, wherein the analyte and a labeling substance are developed in a chromatography medium part as a mobile phase in the presence of a nonionic surfactant, and the detection target is detected in a detection part is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery that a secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA) plays an active role in mediating cellular signaling leading to an inflammatory response or cell proliferation by way of its specific binding with integrin ? at site 2 of integrin ?. More specifically, the invention provides a method for identifying inhibitors of inflammatory or proliferative signaling by screening for compounds that interrupt the specific binding of sPLA2 and integrin ? at site 2. The invention also provides the novel use of a substance that suppresses the specific binding between sPLA2 and site 2 of integrin? for the purpose of treating or preventing a condition involving an undesired inflammatory response or cell proliferation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for detection of at least one target molecule in a blood sample comprising at least the following steps: (a) providing a blood sample; (b1) contacting said sample with an antioxidant and applying said sample to a filter to separate the blood cells from said sample; and/or (b2) applying said sample to a filter to separate the blood cells from said sample, wherein said filter comprises an antioxidant; (c) contacting said sample with a first binding molecule in the cartridge, wherein said first binding molecule is attached to a magnetic particle, and wherein said first binding molecule is capable of specifically binding to said at least one target molecule; (d) contacting said sample with a second binding molecule, wherein said second binding molecule is attached to a sensor surface, and wherein said second binding molecule is capable of specifically binding to said at least one target molecule; and (e) detecting the magnetic particles on the sensor surface.

Abstract: An antigen detection method using sandwich immunoassay includes a first reaction step of preparing a sensor chip, which includes a fine flow channel in which a reaction zone having an antigen-capturing antibody immobilized thereon is arranged, a liquid discharge/suction section and a liquid-mixing section, and subsequently feeding thereto a sample liquid so as to allow the antigen-capturing antibody to capture a target; and a second reaction step of allowing a labeling liquid containing a labeling antibody to flow into the fine flow channel so as to label the target. In the antigen detection method, the labeling liquid does not reach the liquid-mixing section. According to the antigen detection method, the accuracy and the repeatability of the target measurement can be improved.

Abstract: Systems and methods for low-cost point-of-care immunoassay are provided. The system comprises an emitter, two optical interference filters, a microscope slide, a photodiode detector, a circuit, and a measuring unit. The detector is placed upon the second filter, the slide, the first filter, and then the emitter. The emitter comprises non-organic light emitting diodes (LEDs) or organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) that emits light of a first color. The slide is spotted with biofluid from a patient. Biomarkers in the biofluid is bound with immobilized fluorophores that emit light of a second color when stimulated by the light of the first color. The first and second filters band-pass the light of the first and second colors, respectively. The detector detects light of the second color. The current outputted from the detector is converted into a relatively-large output voltage by a circuit. A measuring unit measures the ramp time of the output voltage.

Abstract: A resonator sensor module is disclosed. The resonator sensor module includes one or more sensing resonators that includes binding sites for an analyte material; one or more reference resonators that lacks any binding sites for the analyte material; a module interface; and one or more switches each including a first position that operatively couples at least one of the one or more sensing resonators and the module interface and a second position that operatively couples at least one of the one or more reference resonators and the module interface.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a multiplex microarray having serially attached non-functionalized biomolecules attached to a polymer coating covering each electrode of an array of electrodes for assays and a method of making the multiplex microarray. The method comprises serially blocking the electrodes of the microarray with a blocking protein, electropolymerizing pyrrole or a functionalized pyrrole on the electrodes where the biomolecule is not present during polymerization, exposing the microarray to a biomolecular solution containing a non-functionalized biomolecule for attachment to the polymer coating, and then repeating the steps to form the multiplex microarray.

Abstract: Lateral flow devices, methods and kits for performing lateral flow western blot assays are provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards methods for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a patient and determining prognosis of NAFLD in a patient.

Abstract: Cell surface Raman spectroscopy and a quantitative measure of cell surface integrin from monocytes isolated from peripheral blood provide a measure of active inflammation. Patients with elevated lipid profiles and inflammatory status are at high risk for plaque producing atherosclerosis and candidates for aggressive treatment and clinical follow-up.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the detection of an IgM antibody specific for a flavivirus in a sample, comprising the steps of (a) contacting the sample with a solid support comprising immobilised IgM-binding molecules, (b) allowing binding of IgM antibodies in the sample to the IgM binding molecules on the solid support so that the IgM antibodies are also immobilised on the solid support, and (c) detecting IgM antibodies specific for a flavivirus by allowing binding of a complex comprising (i) an antiparallel dimer of soluble flavivirus Protein E (sE) and (ii) a marker and identifying the binding of the complex to the specific flavivirus IgM antibody by detecting the marker; and a kit suitable for performing the method.