Abstract: A clinching machine and method for using a clinching machine are provided. In another aspect, a hand-held clinching machine and method employ a movable jaw, a cam wedge, and a rocker arm to control opening and closing movement of the clinching jaw. Another aspect of a clinching machine and method includes a movable clinching jaw, a fluid activated piston, a manually actuated switch which causes fluid actuated rotation of a lever, a manually actuated trigger to fluidically advance a piston and a block attached to a forward end of a piston rod, and an abutting stop surface movable with the movable jaw, where the stop surface abuts against the lever in an operating condition to limit opening rotation of the movable jaw to an intermediate position between a fully open position and a fully closed and clinching position.

Abstract: A crimping system for crimping fittings on hoses is disclosed and include an interface and a crimper machine. The crimper machine is configured to analyze collected information based on identified hose and fitting properties; perform a crimping operation based on the collected information and the identified hose and fitting properties; measure crimping characteristics for the crimping operation; generate an alert based on the measured crimping characteristics and the collected information; and provide the alert to the interface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a forged crankshaft. This production method includes: a pressing step of pressing a part in a longitudinal direction (first region) of a bar-like member with a pair of first dies, thereby decreasing a cross sectional area of the first region; and a decentering step of decentering a second region of the bar-like member with a second die with the first region being held. The second region is at least a part of the region of the bar-like member excepting the first region. The decentering direction by the second die is a direction perpendicular to each of the pressing direction by the first dies and the longitudinal direction of the bar-like member.

Abstract: A foundry media pellet includes a sintered ceramic material having a size from about 10 AFS GFN to about 110 AFS GFN, and a surface roughness of less than about 4 microns.

Abstract: A component is provided and includes a core including a ceramic matrix composite material, one or more cooling channels formed about the core, an outer metal shell disposed about the core and the one or more cooling channels and a protective material between the core and the outer metal shell. The one or more cooling channels are formed about the core as an array of cooling channels in the protective material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for shooting a foundry core which surrounds a free inner space on its outer boundaries, with the device having a mould cavity representing the foundry core, which circulates around an inner slider extending along a longitudinal axis and is delimited on its outer side by an outer slider circulating around the mould cavity, with the clear width of the mould cavity being determined by the distance of the inner surface of the outer slider, assigned to the mould cavity, to the outer surface of the inner slider. The device according to the invention allows for operationally-safe manufacture of foundry cores that are tubular in their base form, but finely-structured in their walls and also on a large scale.

Abstract: A device and process for quickly and reliably determining and recording the configuration of multiple spray nozzles on a spray head assembly used for lubricating a die cast mold reduces trial and error associated with maintenance and repair of the spray head assembly. The device includes an adaptor configured to attach to a spray nozzle and an inertial measurement unit fixed to the adaptor to determine the orientation of the spray nozzle relative to a reference. The method involves using the device to determine the orientation of each of a plurality of spray nozzles on a spray head assembly relative to the reference and recording the relative orientation of each nozzle.

Abstract: A cover for a mold system comprises a baseplate, a top plate fastened to the baseplate, and a strap tab disposed between the baseplate and the top plate. The baseplate extends in a longitudinal direction and has a base protrusion protruding beyond the baseplate in a width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The top plate extends in the longitudinal direction and has a top protrusion protruding beyond the top plate in the width direction. The strap tab is held between the base protrusion and the top protrusion in a height direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the width direction and is movable along the base protrusion in the width direction.

Abstract: Provided are methods of producing cobalt nanoparticles (Co NPs). The methods include combining a cobalt salt, a capping agent, and a reducing agent, under Co NP synthesis conditions including a temperature selected to produce cobalt nanoparticles of a pre-selected diameter, where the temperature and pre-selected diameter are inversely related. In certain aspects, the methods further include producing hollow gold nano spheres (HGNs) using the cobalt nanoparticles as scaffolds. Also provided are cobalt nanoparticles and hollow gold nano spheres (HGNs) produced according to the present methods. Kits that find use in practicing the methods of the present disclosure are also provided.

Abstract: A method of forming one of a plurality of encapsulated crystalline particles includes feeding a coaxial feed wire downwardly such that a first wire end of the coaxial feed wire is positioned at a heating source. The coaxial feed wire includes a crystalline wire core, and an amorphous shell surrounding the crystalline wire core. The first end of the coaxial feed wire is heated at the heating source, thereby forming a molten pendant drop at the first wire end. The plurality of encapsulated crystalline particles are emitted from the molten pendant drop onto a collector located below the molten pendant drop.

Abstract: A method for printing three-dimensional parts includes building a three-dimensional part by printing counter-wound slices. By winding adjacent slices in alternating directions, offsetting stored torques can be produced for each printed slice. The stored torques then neutralize one another during the debinding and sintering process, reducing part twists and deformations.

Abstract: A method for producing a thin-walled metal part with complex geometry includes mixing a metal powder with a polymer binder in order to obtain a composite mixture, producing a flexible composite sheet from the composite mixture, cutting, in the flexible composite sheet, a preform based on a contour of the metal part, applying the preform in a mold having a surface configured with a relief of the metal part, and debinding and sintering the preform in order to obtain the metal part.

Abstract: Application unit (1) for applying, in particular powdery, build material in a build plane (2) in a process chamber (3) of an apparatus (4) for additively manufacturing three-dimensional objects, which application unit (1) comprises an application element (5) carried by an application element carrier (6), characterized in that the application element (5) is coupled to the application element carrier (6) via at least one deflection unit (9).

Abstract: A device for guiding a protective gas over a powder bed for the purpose of additive production. The device includes a gas inlet for introducing the protective gas to the powder bed and a stationary gas outlet for removing the protective gas, wherein the device is furthermore designed to guide the protective gas over the powder bed in a laminar manner, and wherein the device furthermore has an outlet opening, configured parallel to a powder bed plane, for suctioning the protective gas out of a construction chamber during additive production of a component. A method for guiding a protective gas flow over a powder bed for the purpose of additive production is provided.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing technique, wherein a first layer of powdered material is spread on a build platform, with or without a workpiece positioned therein, the build platform is in a part building module of an additive manufacturing apparatus, the powdered material is a precipitation-hardened superalloy such as a Nickel-based superalloy, for example, a Nickel-based superalloy having a percentage by volume of gamma prime phase equal to or greater than 45 percentage by volume, the first layer forms at least a part of a powder bed formed of the powdered material on the build platform, the powdered material of the first layer is heated to a temperature between 65 percent and 70 percent of a liquidus temperature of the precipitation-hardened superalloy and, after the aforementioned pre-heating, portions of a surface of the first layer are selectively scanned by using an energy beam arrangement to melt or sinter the selectively scanned portions.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for a method of making a part using powder metallurgy and material extrusion. The method includes forming a mold of a first material using material extrusion. The method includes depositing a second material within the mold. The second material is deposited as a powder. The method includes compacting the second material within the mold, and heating the mold and the second material within the mold. During the heating, the mold is separated from the material by melting, evaporating, or burning of the first material, and the second material is sintered. Also provided for are parts made by the method and a system for making such parts. The system includes a material extrusion head and a powder deposition head. Each head is articulable along three axes.

Abstract: A method of repairing an air data probe includes assessing an air data probe for a damaged portion. The method includes depositing a material on the air data probe to repair the damaged portion of the air data probe. An air data probe includes a probe body including a sense port inlet defined through a wall of the probe body. At least a portion of the wall surrounding the sense port inlet is defined by a deposited material having a different microstructure than a material defining another portion of the wall.

Abstract: Provided is a method of making colloidal platinum nanoparticles. The method includes three consecutive steps: dissolving platinum powders by a halogen-containing oxidizing agent in HCl to obtain an inorganic platinum solution containing an inorganic platinum compound; adding a reducing agent into the same reaction vessel to form a mixture solution and heating the mixture solution to undergo a reduction reaction and produce a composition containing platinum nanoparticles, residues and a gas, and guiding the gas out of the reaction vessel, wherein the amount of the residues is less than 15% by volume of the mixture solution; and adding a medium into the same reaction vessel to disperse the platinum nanoparticles to obtain colloidal platinum nanoparticles. The method is simple, safe, time-effective, cost-effective, and has the advantage of high yield.

Abstract: The present invention provides a preparation method for gold nanoparticles based on functionalized ionic liquid. The method comprises synthesizing a functionalized ionic liquid, 3-(12-bromo-dodecyl)-1-(3-pyrrole propyl)-imidazole bromide, as a stabilizer for synthesizing gold nanoparticles, adjusting the concentration of the ionic liquid and the dosage of the reducing agent, thereby successfully preparing the icosahedral gold nanoparticles, and characterizing the morphology thereof by TEM, XRD and SEM. In the present invention, the method employed for preparing the stabilizer is simple, non-toxic, harmless and pollution-free, moreover the preparation of gold nanoparticles by aqueous phase has the advantages of mild conditions, short reaction time, simple operation, green and pollution-free, and belongs to the environment-friendly preparation.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating film that coats the substrate, wherein the coating film includes a WC1-x layer composed of a compound represented by WC1-x, where x is more than or equal to 0.54 and less than or equal to 0.58, and the compound represented by WC1-x includes a hexagonal crystal structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for assembling a tool system module, having a main body (G3C), which comprises a standard shank, such as a hollow-shank-taper (HSK) shank, and having a functional section (F5Y), such as a tool holder. In order to produce such tool system modules particularly economically, the functional section (F5Y) is paired with a main body (G3C) that is produced on separate production line, which is independent of the design or the production line of the functional section.

Abstract: A tool device has a deceleration unit, a tip tool, and a reaction bar. The deceleration unit increases a torque that is input to the deceleration unit. The tip tool is rotated when receiving a motive force from the deceleration unit. The reaction bar is fixed to the deceleration unit. An external force can be made to act on the reaction bar to receive a reaction force that is generated during rotation of the tip tool.

Abstract: A rotary tool according to a non-limiting aspect includes a body having a rotation axis and extending from a first end to a second end. The body including: a first part including the first end; a second part located closer to a second end than the first part and having a larger outside diameter than the first part; a cutting edge located at a side of the first end; a ridge portion located in the first part and the second part, connected to the cutting edge and helically extending from the cutting edge toward the second end; and a flute located along the ridge portion. The flute includes: a first flute located at the first part and having a first helix angle; and a second flute located at the second part and having a second helix angle. The second helix angle is smaller than the first helix angle.

Abstract: A hole cutter has a cylindrical blade body including a cutting edge and one or more axially-elongated apertures formed within a side wall of the blade body. The axially-elongated aperture is configured to receive a lever, such as a screwdriver, therethrough. Each axially-elongated aperture includes a first fulcrum axially spaced adjacent to the cutting edge, a second fulcrum axially spaced further away from the cutting edge than the first fulcrum, and optionally a third fulcrum axially spaced between the first and second fulcrums. A lever, such as a screwdriver, can be inserted into the aperture and placed against each of the fulcrums to lever slugs out of the interior of the blade body.

Abstract: A device for cutting a sink opening in a countertop is described. The device includes a base for receiving and securing the countertop. It also includes a cutting assembly that has a rotating cutting tool and a servomotor for controlling a depth of the rotating cutting tool, multiple sets of guide rails attached to said base wherein said cutting assembly moves along said rails; a position controller which controls the position of said cutting assembly and the depth of the rotating cutting tool. The controller uses digital templates of sink openings to position the cutting assembly along the guide rails and sets the depth of the cutting tool.

Abstract: Dual cutting milling tools for removing material from a workpiece include two cutting portions, with one cutting portion being configured for ruled milling, and the other cutting portion being configured for hemstitch milling. In this manner, the number of tool changes for a given manufacturing process may be reduced. Dual cutting milling tools include a first cutting portion and a second cutting portion both formed in a shank, with the first cutting portion being configured to perform hemstitch milling on the workpiece, and the second cutting portion being configured to perform ruled milling on the workpiece. Methods of removing material from a workpiece may include both hemstitch milling the workpiece with the first cutting portion of the dual cutting milling tool and performing ruled milling of the workpiece with the second cutting portion of the dual cutting milling tool, without changing tools in the milling machine.

Abstract: A shearing device and a method for an aluminum material are provided. The shearing device includes an upper pad die, a lower pad die, a first electrode provided on each of the upper pad die and the lower pad die, a heating device provided on the first portion of the upper pad die and the lower pad die, respectively as surface parts; and a shearing die provided on the upper pad die to move up and down with respect to a surface to which the aluminum material is discharged and including a second electrode. In addition, the shearing method for the aluminum material is provided for reducing chips generated during the shearing process.

Abstract: A machine tool that generates internal teeth or external teeth on a cylindrical workpiece includes a workpiece holder, a column which is relatively movable to the workpiece holder, a rotary main spindle which is rotatable with respect to the column, a working tool which is held by the rotary main spindle, and a phase detecting unit which detects a phase of the working tool with respect to the rotary main spindle. The working tool includes a cutter portion which has cutters, a holder portion, and a detected portion which is formed on the holder portion. The phase detecting unit includes a detecting section which detects the detected portion, and a calculating section which calculates a phase angle of the detected portion with respect to a reference position of the rotary main spindle, based on a result detected by the detecting section.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for machining a rack and to a rack (1) machined according to said method, for example a steering rack. In said method, the stress pattern that is present after hardening and/or straightening the rack and that has a chaotic internal stress distribution of tensile and compressive stresses is converted into a stress pattern that optimizes the strength and the use of the material and also the diameter of the rack, such that, without altering the structure, at least the region of the gear teeth (2) is pre-stressed, in a functionally combined series of steps of a machining pass, with a deliberately introduced internal compressive stress without tensile stress and with a predominantly uniform stress distribution or stress plane.

Abstract: The present disclosure comprises a gear manufacturing machine comprising a workpiece holder and a tool holder, which can each be caused to rotate by means of a drive, wherein the tool holder is arranged on a machining head, which can be moved relative to the workpiece holder by one or a plurality of motion axes of the gear manufacturing machine for gear manufacturing machining a workpiece held in the workpiece holder by means of a tool held in the tool holder, the tool holder having a counterholder. According to the present disclosure the counterholder is movable by a motion axis from its working position to an inactive position and/or is arranged on the machining head of the gear manufacturing machine in a releasably connectable manner.

Abstract: Method for monitoring a bar blade chucking and/or a blade slot of a bar blade cutter head for bevel gear production, having the following method steps: providing a main body (26) of a bar blade cutter head (4), wherein the main body (26) comprises blade slots (30) for accommodating bar blades (10), and wherein a component (10), such as a bar blade (10), a test specimen, or the like, is chucked in a detachable and replaceable manner in at least one blade slot (30) of the main body (26) of the bar blade cutter head (4); exciting oscillations of the component (10); measuring the displacement and/or velocity and/or acceleration of the component (10); analyzing the measurement.

Abstract: A tap 1 has a threaded portion 2 including a cutting blade 5 on an outer circumferential surface, a flute portion 3 that divides the threaded portion 2 in a circumferential direction, and a shank portion 4 formed continuously from the threaded portion 2 and the flute portion 3 along a central axis O. The flute portion 3 includes, in a cross-sectional view, a first flute 31 formed continuously from the cutting blade 5 of the threaded portion 2, a second flute 32 formed continuously from the first flute 31, and a ridge line portion 33 being a boundary between the first and second flutes 31, 32. A distance “e” from the central axis O to the ridge line portion 33 is longer than a distance d1 and a distance d2, respectively.

Abstract: A core moving device is provided, including a core adsorption holding part for adsorbing and moving a core cut out of a workpiece with a magnetic force of a magnet. The core adsorption holding part includes: a rod member, a distal end portion of which is constituted of the magnet; a bottomed cylindrical member which has a bottom surface on a distal end portion side and into which the rod member is inserted from a base end portion side; and a cylindrical member drive part which moves the bottomed cylindrical member forward, wherein the bottomed cylindrical member, on one hand, moves backward to adsorb the core to the magnet and, on the other hand, moves forward to remove the core adsorbed to the magnet.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a deburring device and method for a metal workpiece. The deburring device for the metal workpiece includes a power source, an insulating tube, a tank and an electrolyte contained in the tank. A first end of the insulating tube communicates with the electrolyte, and a second end thereof projects into a hole with burrs to be removed in the workpiece. A first pole of the power source is conductive with the workpiece, and a second pole thereof is configured to be conductive with the electrolyte. A gas layer can be formed when the power source is turned on and the electrolyte is introduced into the burr location in the hole through the insulating tube, and the gas layer is broken down under the action of a voltage to remove the burrs.

Abstract: A heating apparatus for induction heating is disclosed. The heating apparatus may comprise a bearing ring, at least one bearing element disposed in the bearing ring, and a braze material adjacent to the at least one bearing element and the bearing ring. The heating apparatus may additionally comprise an inductor positioned radially adjacent to at least a portion of the bearing ring. A current source may be electrically coupled to the inductor. A bearing orienting member may also abut a surface of the at least one bearing element. The bearing orienting member may orient a surface of the at least one bearing element. A heating method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A fixation apparatus includes a base, a wire fixing device mounted on the base, and a pressing device mounted on the base. The wire fixing device positions and fixes a wire on a circuit board and includes a fixing frame mounted on the base and a moving unit received in a receiving chamber of the fixing frame. The fixing frame has a first positioning groove. The moving unit is movable between a clamping position and a release position and has a second positioning groove coupled with the first positioning groove. The wire is inserted into a wire insertion hole in the circuit board between the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove when the mobile unit is moved to the release position. The wire is clamped and fixed between the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove when the moving unit is moved to the clamping position.

Abstract: A welding or additive manufacturing wire drive system includes a first spindle for a first welding wire spool, a second spindle for a second welding wire spool, a first drive roll, and a second drive roll. One or both of the drive rolls has a circumferential groove. A first welding wire and a second welding wire are located between the first drive roll and the second drive roll in the circumferential groove. The first welding wire contacts the second welding wire between the first drive roll and the second drive roll. The first welding wire further contacts a first sidewall portion of the circumferential groove. The second welding wire further contacts a second sidewall portion of the circumferential groove. Both of the first welding wire and the second welding wire are radially offset from a central portion of the circumferential groove.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards a robotic system and method. The system may include a robot and a three dimensional sensor device associated with the robot configured to scan a welding area and generate a scanned welding area. The system may include a processor configured to receive the scanned welding area and to generate a three dimensional point cloud based upon, at least in part the scanned welding area. The processor may be further configured to perform processing on the three dimensional point cloud in a two-dimensional domain. The processor may be further configured to generate one or more three dimensional welding paths and to simulate the one or more three dimensional welding paths.

Abstract: A method for visually communicating material processing parameters to an operator of a torch system. The method includes receiving data related to a material processing operation from at least one sensor of a torch system and at least one camera disposed on a protective helmet. The method further includes processing the data into information relating to a set of material processing parameters and converting the information into visual data compatible with a display disposed on or within the protective helmet. The method also includes providing the visual data to a region of the display for viewing by an operator of the torch system. The region of the display is within a field of view of the operator in order to visually communicate the information to the operator of the torch system.

Abstract: Various welding systems including a welding torch assembly are provided. The welding torch assemblies may include a welding torch adapted to be utilized in a welding operation to establish a welding arc between the welding torch and a workpiece. The welding torch assemblies may also include a temperature sensing system integral with the welding torch and adapted to sense a temperature of the workpiece.

Abstract: A welding or additive manufacturing wire drive system includes a first drive roll having a first annular groove, a second drive roll having a second annular groove, a first welding wire located between the drive rolls in the annular grooves, and a second welding wire located between the drive rolls in the annular grooves. A biasing member biases the first drive roll toward the second drive roll to force the first welding wire to contact the second welding wire. The first welding wire contacts each of a first sidewall portion of the first annular groove, a first sidewall portion of the second annular groove, and the second welding wire. The second welding wire contacts each of a second sidewall portion of the first annular groove, a second sidewall portion of the second annular groove, and the first welding wire. The drive rolls rotate in opposite directions thereby moving the welding wires through the wire drive system.

Abstract: An arc welding method includes performing welding by using a gas and a solid wire. The gas contains Ar. The solid wire includes a steel core wire and a copper plating film formed on a surface of the steel core wire, and the copper plating film has an average grain diameter of 600 nm or less.

Abstract: A tube assembly includes at least first and second tubes configured for coupling at respective ends. The first and second tubes each include a base material, and a weld interface at the respective end. The weld interface is proximate to an inner diameter and an outer diameter of the first and second tubes, and includes a weld interface segment extending therebetween. A work hardened weld assembly couples the base material of each of the first and second tubes. The work hardened weld assembly includes a weld fusion zone between the weld interfaces of the first and second tubes and the weld interface segments of the first and second tubes. The weld fusion zone is work hardened and at least the weld interface segments of the first and second tubes are work hardened between the work hardened weld fusion zone and the base material of the first and second tubes.

Abstract: The disclosure includes a welding cup system comprising a tube having an open top, an open bottom, a sidewall extending between the open top and the open bottom, and an open channel. The open channel may extend through an interior portion of the tube from the open top to the open bottom. The open top may be arranged and configured to slideably couple to at least a portion of a torch assembly. The open channel may be arranged and configured to allow gas to flow from the open top to the open bottom, and allow a welding electrode to extend through the open channel from open top towards the open bottom. The welding cup system may have a side profile that may define an asymmetrical shape.

Abstract: Embodiments of systems and methods related to the automatic adjustment of auto-darkening filter device parameters in response to settings of a welding system are disclosed. One embodiment includes a head-mounted device having a wireless receiver, an auto-darkening device, and a selection device. The wireless receiver is configured to receive wirelessly transmitted communication signals from an arc welding system which represent a present welding current setting and a present welding mode setting of the arc welding system. The selection device is configured to automatically select a shade and a sensitivity of the auto-darkening device in response to the present welding current setting and the present welding mode setting. The auto-darkening device is configured to sense the presence of an arc, transition from an un-darkened state to a darkened state in response to the arc, and transition from the darkened state to the un-darkened state when the arc is no longer present.

Abstract: Provided is a spatter scattering prevention apparatus that eliminates the necessity to, for example, remove scattered spatters and thus makes it possible to facilitate maintenance work, and also provided is a flash butt welder including the spatter scattering prevention apparatus. The spatter scattering prevention apparatus 1 according to the present invention is characterized by being configured to form a water screen in midair in the vicinity of a welding spot, at which welding is performed, wherein the water screen is for preventing spatters, generated during the welding, from scattering. The spatter scattering prevention apparatus is also characterized by being configured to form the water screen on one side in a lateral direction of the welding spot and form the water screen on the other side, laterally opposite to the one side, of the welding spot.

Abstract: A highly corrosion-resistant spot weldment can be produced at low cost without occurrence of prominent protrusions and the like on the surface. The spot weldment is joined by a nugget formed inside stacked sheet materials through bringing a pair of electrodes arranged opposite to each other into pressure contact with the stacked sheet materials from outside and energizing the stacked sheet materials from the electrodes. The nugget has a diameter that is ?4?t (t: thickness of sheet material) and a flattening level of 3.5 to 8, which is a ratio of diameter to thickness. Both outer surface parts of the sheet materials are free from protrusions formed due to bulging of molten metal. Even when the electrodes are made of a copper alloy, the increased amount of Cu in the outer surface parts is 0.2 mass % or less with respect to the component composition before spot welding.

Abstract: A method of resistance spot welding and a spot-welded workpiece assembly are provided. First and second metallic workpieces are provided, each having faying surfaces including interface portions. The workpieces are disposed with the interface portions of their faying interfaces spaced apart from each other by a predetermined spacing distance. A set of opposed welding electrodes including a first electrode and a second electrode are provided, the first electrode being disposed on a side of the first workpiece, and the second electrode being disposed on a side of the second workpiece. Pressure is applied to the workpieces via the weld faces of the electrodes, and the workpieces are heated via the electrodes to form a spot weld joint between the interfaces of the faying surfaces. The faying surfaces may be spaced apart with shim material, a raised or folded-over portion of a workpiece, and/or a filler material having spacing particles.

Abstract: A resistance welding apparatus includes a welding controller configured to control a welding tool. The welding controller has an assignment device including a parametrization device. The assignment device is configured to read out a current point to be welded from a list of points to be welded, to read out a first setpoint curve from a record of a database assigned to the current point to be welded, and to assign the first setpoint curve to the first regulator and the parametrization device is configured to read out the first value from the record of the point to be currently welded and to parametrize a first parameter of the first regulator with the first value. The welding controller further includes the first regulator configured, using a first parameter, to regulate a temporal profile of an electric current at the current point to be welded in accordance with the first setpoint curve.

Abstract: An electrode tip for resistance spot welding includes a main body with tip and base portions. The tip portion has a bottomed and substantially cylindrical shape. The base portion has a substantially cylindrical shape and merges into the tip portion. The main body is made of a copper alloy such as chromium copper. The tip portion has a bottom part and a barrel part. The bottom part has a pressure-contact surface that is not recessed with respect to a workpiece to be pressed. The barrel part has a substantially cylindrical shape and merges into the bottom part. The electrode tip may have an inner diameter ratio (inner diameter of the barrel part to an outer diameter of the base portion) of 0.4 to 0.6, and may also have a bottom thickness ratio (thickness of the bottom part to the outer diameter of the base portion) of 0.15 to 0.5.