Abstract: A method that may include obtaining environmental parameters related to one or more routes of a trip for a first vehicle system, and determining one or more expenditure sections and one or more charging sections of the one or more routes by predicting where the first vehicle system will consume energy and where the first vehicle system will generate the energy, respectively, during the trip based on the environmental parameters. A first trip plan may be obtained for the trip based on the one or more expenditure sections and the one or more charging sections, the trip plan designating one or more operational settings for the first vehicle system for travel during the trip.

Abstract: A method for measuring a level of wear of a tire of a vehicle, the tire comprising a tread in which are hollowed out furrows. The method comprises: positioning a system, called tire inspection system, at a predefined position with respect to the tire; acquiring at least two images of the tread by using at least one image acquisition system included in the system, each image representing a different point of view on the tread; calculating a three-dimensional representation of the tread from each image acquired; determining at least one profile of the tread representative of depth variations on the tread; calculating a value representative of a depth of the furrows of the tread; determining information representative of a level of wear of the tire as a function of the value.

Abstract: Present disclosure discloses a method and system for detecting anomalies in waveforms in an industrial plant. During a learning stage, one or more training waveforms are received from a plurality of sensors monitoring a plurality of equipment in the industrial plant. The one or more training waveforms are used to generate a representative waveform and deviations of the one or more training waveforms from the representative waveform is determined. Based on the deviations, a plurality of groups is created. A model may be associated with each group for building an expected waveform pattern (reference waveform pattern). In real-time a plurality of test waveforms is received. Based on the electrical and physical properties of the plurality of test waveforms, each test waveform is classified into one of the plurality of groups. Thereafter, each waveform is compared with the reference waveform pattern associated with the group to which the respective test waveform belongs, to detect the anomaly.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a tissue slice selection method and an embedded block-preparing cassette which are capable of suppressing occurrence of errors in inspection results. The present invention makes it possible to suppress the occurrence of errors in inspection results by including: an embedded block-preparing process of preparing an embedded block by embedding both a biological tissue fragment and a standard substance in the same embedding agent; an embedded tissue slice preparing step of slicing the embedded block to prepare a sheet-like embedded tissue slice having a tissue slice and standard substance slices appearing on a surface thereof; and a tissue slice selecting step of selecting the tissue slice to be inspected, based on a light signal from the standard substance slice.

Abstract: An apparatus for the collection of multiple samples of a fluid stream. The apparatus includes a plurality fluid collection containers arranged to receive separate portions of the fluid stream in a temporal sequence and a sealing mechanism provided on each fluid collection container configured to close the fluid collection containers when filled by a portion of the fluid stream and to cause the fluid stream to flow to the next fluid collection container in the sequence. The fluid collection containers separately collect at least a beginning portion of the fluid stream, a mid-portion of the fluid stream and an end-portion of the fluid stream. Each of the fluid collection containers may be detachably connected to tubing held in a housing having a sloped upper surface for receiving the fluid stream and an inlet for directing the fluid stream to the tubing. The housing may be a fluid collection cup.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically separating and collecting a fluid stream into multiple portions, including a tubing to receive the fluid stream, a plurality of valves attached to the tubing in spaced relation along the length of the tubing and a plurality fluid collection containers attached to the valves. A controller controls the activation of the plurality of valves to collect and separate portions of the fluid stream in the plurality of the fluid collection containers. A flow meter detects the flow of the fluid stream in the tubing and measures a flow rate of the fluid stream. The controller activates the valves based on the detection of the fluid and the flow rate. The controller also activates the valves based on the timing of the fluid stream. The controller also monitors the flow rate over time and activates the valves in sequence based on the flow rate.

Abstract: A gas monitoring and control system including a gas sampling chamber, sampling inlet and outlet valves, a pump and a controller. Sensors are disposed within the interior chamber that sense characteristics of a gas from a gas source and generate representative signals. The sampling inlet and outlet valves i) allow the gas into the gas sampling chamber while operating in a gas sampling state, and ii) allow ambient air into the gas sampling chamber while operating in a purge state. The pump i) causes the gas to flow through the gas sampling chamber while operating in the gas sampling state or ii) causes ambient air to flow through the gas sampling chamber while operating in the purge state. The controller causes the sampling inlet and outlet valves, and the pump to alternate operating in the gas sampling or purge state to selectively expose the sensors to the gas.

Abstract: A method includes receiving, from an imaging device associated with a robotic apparatus, an image signal including an object of interest represented in the image signal; receiving, by the robotic apparatus from an external agent, a task indication related to the object of interest, the task indication representative of a task to be performed by the robotic apparatus with respect to the object of interest; and responsive to receipt of the task indication: detecting salient features of the object of interest within the image; storing, by the robotic apparatus, a task context, the task context comprising data pertaining to the salient features and data pertaining to the task indication; and commencing, by the robotic apparatus, the task with respect to the object of interest.

Abstract: Air-sampling devices for obtaining airborne microbial samples from an environment are provided. A weathershield is also described which may be used to shield an airsampling device from the weather, moisture, animals, and other potential contaminants. These components may be provided as part of an air-sampling kit.

Abstract: A bead beater homogenizer includes a shaft having a main body extending along a main axis and a distal connection body extending along a connection axis that is acutely angled with respect to the main axis, a motor configured to rotate the shaft about the main axis, a head rotatably connected to the distal connection body of the shaft, and a clamp secured to the head and configured to secure a sample vial holder configured to hold one or more sample vials therein, wherein rotational motion of the shaft about the main axis is translated into motion of the head in directions normal to the main axis. A sample vial holder having an internal network of channels defined within the housing through which a coolant can be passed to control a temperature of a vial disposed therein is also provided.

Abstract: Device for collecting lymph nodes from fatty tissue, which includes a fenestrated sample chamber configured to receive a sample of fatty tissue having lymph nodes; a lockable gate that regulates passage of tissue out of the sample chamber longitudinally; and a pusher that moves longitudinally through the chamber. After treating a sample of resected fatty tissue with a solvent that dissolves fat, the sample is pushed through the fenestrated sample chamber, where the dissolved fat is eluted transversely through the fenestrations. Remaining lymph nodes, arteries, veins, nerves and connective tissue are packed to form a tissue block, which is sized for use with histology cassettes.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a smear plate, a smear method, and a smear device. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the smear plate is for smearing a biological sample on an external substrate, the smear plate including: a body having a plate shape with a length, a width, and a pair of main surfaces, the body having a predetermined angle with respect to the external substrate; a support portion located on a side of the body and spaced apart from the external substrate by a predetermined distance; and a contact portion located on an opposite side of the body and including a pattern surface which is recessed inward of the body to induce fine particles included in the biological sample to move toward a midpoint in a width direction of the body for preventing the fine particles from being relatively densely distributed in outer regions in a width direction of the external substrate.

Abstract: An efficient manual method for preparing a cytology sample for staining. According to the method, a biological sample is provided, wherein the biological sample is a liquid-based cytology sample. A slide is placed in a holder adapted for receiving the slide. The slide is pre-coated with a composition that will cause cells to adhere to the slide. A settling chamber is placed over said slide and the settling chamber is locked onto the holder. The settling chamber has openings in both proximate and distal ends. The opening in the distal end of the settling chamber is positioned over the slide such that the slide is interposed between the holder and the settling chamber and the slide is in fluid communication with the settling chamber. A density reagent is then dispensed into the settling chamber. The liquid-based cytology sample is then dispensed into the settling chamber over the reagent. The assembly formed by the holder, slide and settling chamber (and its liquid contents) is placed in a centrifuge.

Abstract: A method of separating an analyte from a biological sample is described. The method comprises providing particles capable of binding said analyte when present in a solution in a container, said container comprising walls, wherein at least a part of said walls is flexible. The particles are suspended in the solution by exerting a force on the flexible part of the walls of the container more than one time. An aliquot of the suspended particles is then removed from the container. The removed aliquot is dispensed into a sample, and the sample is incubated under conditions suitable to immobilize said analyte on the particles. The particles with the bound analyte are then separated from other material and at least part of the biological sample is removed.

Abstract: A filtration apparatus and methods of installing, using, and retracting the same. A filtration apparatus includes a compression gland, a ball valve, and a filter pipe. A distal portion of the filter pipe has one or more filtration holes. The filtration apparatus may be installed in a process pipe and the distal portion of the filter pipe may be disposed within the process pipe. The filter pipe can be easily retracted from the process pipe without interruption of the industrial process. The filtration apparatus can be automatically cleaned by compressed air or water.

Abstract: The present invention corresponds to a machine for testing mechanical properties of hollow cylinders. The machine comprises an open container in which the hollow cylinder is arranged. Inside the hollow cylinder there is an expanding cylindrical membrane, which is connected to a pressure unit that supplies a pressurized fluid to the expanding membrane. A valve and a pressure sensor are located between the pressure unit and the expanding cylindrical membrane. A control and data capture system is connected to the pressure unit, the valve and the pressure sensor. The machine performs tensile and compression tests on hollow cylinders.

Abstract: A method for testing the strength of a sheet-like element having two opposite faces and made of hard brittle material under tensile stress is provided. The method includes passing each of the faces of the element over a roller and thereby bending the element so that each of the faces is subjected to a first tensile stress in a portion in which the opposite face is in contact with a surface of the roller; exerting a second tensile force on the element in the direction of advancement so that both faces are subjected to the second tensile stress of at least 2 MPa so that the first and second tensile stresses add up to define a resultant tensile stress; and monitoring the element and determining whether the element has a defined breaking strength equal to the resultant tensile stress or whether the element breaks under the resultant tensile stress.

Abstract: A method for quantifying viscoelasticity of a medium includes: obtaining a position-time graph of vibration propagation after the medium is subjected to a vibration excitation, determining an angle with maximum signal energy in the position-time graph by using angle projection, where the angle with the maximum signal energy corresponds to a slope of the position-time graph and the slope of the position-time graph is the propagation velocity of the vibration in the medium. Since the propagation velocity of the vibration in the medium is related to the viscoelasticity of the medium, a viscoelasticity parameter of the medium can be quantitatively calculated after the slope of the position-time graph is obtained. The method does not need to select a feature point from the position-time graph to calculate the slope of the position-time graph, and can efficiently and accurately quantifies viscoelasticity of the medium.

Abstract: A gas diffusion simulation method for simulating diffusion of a gas in a porous material having many pores, the method includes: calculating, in the pores, a Knudsen diffusion coefficient based on the mean square displacement of first gas particles in spaces surrounded by wall surfaces and a Knudsen diffusion term using the Knudsen diffusion coefficient, calculating an interdiffusion term using an interdiffusion coefficient between the first gas particles and second gas particles different therefrom, and performing simulation of the gas diffusion of the first gas particles by using a diffusion equation of the first gas particles represented by the sum of the Knudsen diffusion term and the interdiffusion term.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of determining the properties of a fluid body in the form of a surface-attached droplet/bubble. A data set is stored describing a plurality of droplets/bubbles of different shapes, in which each shape is captured as a combination of two or more linear dimensional measurements. For each shape the data set includes one or more parameters describing the relationship between the physical properties of a pair of fluids capable of forming that shape as a surface-attached droplet/bubble disposed in a surrounding fluid medium. A fluid body is provided in the form of a surface-attached droplet/bubble and a plurality of linear dimensional measurements are taken and are provided as an input to a processing apparatus. The processing apparatus determines from the data set the one or more parameters associated with the shape described by said linear dimensional measurements. In particular the surface tension of a fluid can be found in this way based on simple dimensional measurements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for measuring and detecting brake dust particles that have been removed from the brake (3). Said device can comprise a particle measuring device (8) for measuring the number of brake dust particles. The particle measuring device (8) can measure the size of the brake dust particles. A removal device (6) for removing or receiving brake dust particles is mounted in an exhaust air duct (10) which conducts an air stream away from a housing (11) surrounding the brake (3). A device (7) is used to guide the brake dust particles from the removal device to the particle measuring device (8). A fan system with a fresh air channel (9) and the exhaust air channel (10) is used to guide an air stream over the brake (3). The device can be an integral component of a brake test level.

Abstract: Provided are particle analyzers and related methods for verifying calibration status of the particle analyzer. The method includes the steps of providing an optical particle analyzer and modulating a power applied to a source of EMR. The method includes the steps of, in response to the modulating step, inducing a detector signal waveform and analyzing the detector signal waveform to determine a value of at least one diagnostic parameter associated with one or more of the source of EMR, an optical assembly, a chamber, a detector, and an optical collection system of the optical particle analyzer. The method includes the step of determining a calibration status of the optical particle analyzer based on the one or more determined values of the at least one diagnostic parameter.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method of particle size and concentration measurement that comprises the steps of: providing a focused, synthesized, structured laser beam, causing the beam to interact with the particles, measuring the interaction signal and the number of interactions per unit time of the beam with the particles, and using algorithms to map the interaction signals to the particle size and the number of interactions per unit time to the concentration.

Abstract: A moisture permeability measuring device includes a first body member including a seating part, a flexible bottom plate to be arranged on the seating part, a flexible top plate to be arranged on the bottom plate, a holder part to fix a lower edge portion of the bottom plate and an upper edge portion of the top plate, and a second body member to be arranged on the holder part and having a through-hole defined in a region overlapping the top plate, and an area of the seating part on a plane is smaller than an area of the bottom plate on the plane.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions comprising a hydrogel particle with optical properties substantially similar to the optical properties of a target cell, and methods for their use.

Abstract: Disclosed is a computer-implemented method of analyzing bone marrow fluid, including counting the number of nucleated cells and the number of lipid particles in a bone marrow fluid; and obtaining an index related to bone marrow nucleated cell density, on the basis of the number of nucleated cells and the number of lipid particles.

Abstract: A cell evaluation system includes physical measurement unit, a database, and evaluation unit. The evaluation unit refers to a relevance stored in the database, searches reference measurement information based on measurement information of a cell newly measured via the physical measurement unit, and evaluates the cell with biological measurement information associated with the searched reference measurement information.

Abstract: Devices for detecting particle sizes and distributions using focused light scattering techniques, by passing a sample through a focused beam of light, are disclosed. In one embodiment, the devices include one or more lasers, whose light is focused into a narrow beam and into a flow cell, and dispersions are passed through the flow cell using hydrodynamic sample injection. In another embodiment, a plurality of lasers is used, optionally with hydrodynamic sample injection. Particles pass through and scatter the light. The scattered light is then detected using scatter and extinction detectors, and, optionally, fluorescence detectors, and the number and size of the particles is determined. Particles in the size range of 0.1 to 10 ??? can be measured. Using the device, significantly smaller particles can be detected than if techniques such as EQELS, flow cytometry, and other conventional devices for measuring biological particles.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include methods and systems for detecting light from a sample in a flow stream by multi-photon counting. Methods according to certain embodiments include irradiating a sample in a flow stream with a light source and detecting light from the sample in the flow stream and counting photons of the detected light by integrating photo-electron charge over a time interval. Methods also include irradiating a sample in a flow stream with a light source, detecting light from the sample in the flow stream and outputting a digital output signal and an analog output signal produced by the detected light. Systems for detecting light from a sample in a flow stream with a detector and counting photons by integrating photo-electron charge over a time interval are also described. Kits having a detector, a photon counter and a flow cell configured to propagate a sample in flow stream are also provided.

Abstract: Carbon steels are desirable for many applications due to their hardness and low cost. Susceptibility toward corrosion can complicate the use of carbon steels, and there is presently no ready way to predict susceptibility toward corrosion for a given carbon steel under a particular set of corrosive conditions. Methods for predicting susceptibility toward corrosion and determining the suitability of a carbon steel may comprise: obtaining a group of carbon steel samples, each carbon steel sample having an unknown rate of corrosion and a microstructure; measuring a quantity of carbides within the microstructure of each carbon steel sample having an unknown rate of corrosion; and determining a relative order of susceptibility toward corrosion within the group of carbon steel samples based upon the quantity of carbides within the microstructure of each carbon steel sample.

Abstract: A twin-disc tribometer assembly includes a first sample drive shaft arranged to receive a first sample disc and a second sample drive shaft arranged to receive a second sample disc; a first drive motor configured to rotate the first drive shaft and a second motor arranged to rotate the second drive shaft. The first and second drive shafts are configured to be positioned relative to each other such that a sample disc mounted on the first drive shaft will make a point contact with a sample disc on the second drive shaft as the drive shafts rotate. The assembly is configured to allow the shafts to rotate relative to each other in a non-continuous reciprocating motion or a non-collinear motion where one sample disc is tilted with respect to the other.

Abstract: A measurement system and a method for measuring a coefficient of friction on a slidable conveyor belt in a direction of movement are provided. The system includes a disk floatingly placed on the conveyor belt and having a bottom surface, wherefrom projects at least one rounded element that rests on the conveyor belt, having a shape that, regardless of the relative orientation of the disk and the conveyor belt, at least one rounded element extends along a direction not parallel to the direction of movement, a pair of abutment elements maintaining the disk fixed with respect to the direction of movement of the conveyor belt, and a pair of load cells operatively associated with the abutment elements and with the disk, to measure a thrust force exerted by the disk on each load cell by effect of the relative sliding of the conveyor belt with respect to the disk.

Abstract: An imaging system uses polarized light to illuminate the target and then uses a polarization filter to remove the light that is reflected from the target without modification. The target can include one or more anisotropic objects that scatter the light and alter the polarization state of the reflected light and causing it to be selectively transmitted to the imaging device which can record the transmitted light through the filter. The illuminating light can be circularly polarized and the filter can remove the circularly polarized light. The target can include asymmetric nanoparticles, such as nanorods that alter the amplitude or phase of the scattered light enabling pass through the filter to be detected by the imaging device.

Abstract: A method for visualizing a data set as an image on a display having an x-axis and a y-axis is described. The data set comprises a plurality of values, each value of the plurality of values being associated to a respective point in a first dimension and a respective point in a second dimension, wherein the first dimension and the second dimension are assigned to the x-axis and the y-axis, respectively. A first resolution value for the image in the direction of the x-axis, and a second resolution value for the image in the direction of the y-axis are provided, wherein the first resolution value and the second resolution value are independent from each other. Based on the first resolution value and the second resolution value, the image is calculated as a representation of the data set. Further, a data processing device and a computer-readable storage medium are described.

Abstract: The invention provides a smart toilet seat having an occult blood detecting module, the occult blood detecting module further including: a case, a power unit, a light source, a photo sensor, and a first processor; wherein the occult blood detecting module being able to be lowered to slightly above water seal inside a toilet; the light source emitting the emitted light onto an excrement solution below surface of the water seal, the photo sensor receiving a reflected light reflected by the excrement solution and the toilet to generate a detection signal; the first processor receiving and processing the detection signal from the photo sensor to generate a detection result. Alternatively, the case includes an extension section disposed with a reflector and a filter, which can be lowered below the water seal for detection.

Abstract: A method and system for detecting sulfur fires that comprises a remote infrared or microwave sensor to detect sulfur dioxide gas and provide an unsupervised remote daytime and nighttime sulfur fire-watch, hot spot detection, early sulfur fire prevention, sulfur fire detection, or sulfur fire control of unattended combustible sulfur blocks, sulfur stockpiles, sulfur plants, or equipment using remote sensing devices that includes detection, measurement and analysis of electromagnetic radiation to determine the presence of sulfur dioxide gas.

Abstract: An imaging device and method for evaluating and/or imaging material or chemical constituents of a sample. In one configuration, the imaging device includes a scanner having a terahertz wave transmitter configured to determine the amount of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) in the core of disposable hygiene product such as baby diapers, adult diapers and feminine hygiene pads, during the fabrication process.

Abstract: The concentration of a targeted molecule (such as glucose) in a liquid medium having at least one interfering molecule coexisting with the targeted molecule is detected by use of NDIR and a sampling technique in which an imposed location of a pulse beam from a signal source, an interference source and a reference source is varied over a plurality of sites of a sampling area.

Abstract: A referencing method for an optical biosensor system using a single sensing region is provided. The method involves limiting the ligand immobilized in a single sensing region to only a portion thereof. In one embodiment, this is accomplished by selectively deactivating a portion of the sensing surface to prevent immobilization of ligand to that portion. As a result, a reference response can be recorded in the same sensing region as a molecular interaction response. Thus, the bulk refractive index can be accurately accounted for in measuring the kinetics of a molecular interaction.

Abstract: A measurement device is for measuring a sample arranged on a thick film transparent medium. In the measurement device, a light projecting surface, a light receiving surface, the thick film transparent medium, and a sample are set so as to satisfy the following formula (?) for eliminating noise light reflected from a back surface of the thick film transparent medium: h<(L/n3)·?((2H/D2)·(2H/D2)?n3·n3+1) . . . Formula (?). In formula (?), h denotes a distance from the light receiving surface to the sample, L denotes a half of an interval between the light projecting surface and the light receiving surface, n3 denotes a refractive index of the thick film transparent medium, H denotes a thickness of the thick film transparent medium, and D2 denotes an aperture of the light receiving surface.

Abstract: A method is provided for measuring time varying particle fluxes with improved temporal resolution and signal to noise ratio. The particles can be photons, neutrons, electrons or electrically charged particles. The method includes a set of electronic and/or optical components and a set of algorithms that implement N-fold temporal multiplexing of the input flux. The system can be used to measure other types of flux by using a transducer to convert the flux into a compatible form. The system can include a transducer such as a scintillator that operates to convert particle flux incident into a photon flux proportional to the amplitude of particle flux. The invention can be used with multiplexing methods known to those skilled in the art, for example Hadamard and Fourier methods.

Abstract: Plasmonic optical fibers, plasmonic optical sensors and methods of manufacturing the same. A fiber core conveys an optical signal therewithin and provides a plasmonic sensing area exposed to a fluid. The plasmonic sensing area is formed only on a section of an external surface of the fiber core. The plasmonic sensing area provides an interface within the section of the external surface for the conveyed signal to at least partially exit the fiber core and cause a modified optical signal to be conveyed in the fiber core. An optical signal generator may provide the optical signal to the plasmonic optical fiber, an optical signal receiver may discriminate the conveyed optical signal from the modified optical signal and a processor module may analyze the modified optical signal and identifies physical characteristics of the fluid present at the sensing area.

Abstract: A method of detecting a Facet region includes: a fluorescence luminance detecting step of detecting fluorescence luminance unique to SiC by irradiating a SiC ingot with exciting light having a predetermined wavelength from a top surface of the SiC ingot; and a coordinate setting step of setting a region in which the fluorescence luminance is equal to or higher than a predetermined value in the fluorescence luminance detecting step as a non-Facet region, setting a region in which the fluorescence luminance is lower than the predetermined value in the fluorescence luminance detecting step as a Facet region, and setting coordinates of a boundary between the Facet region and the non-Facet region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new cell based assay for determining antibody or ligand binding and function using lipid-like compounds capable of spontaneous integration into cell membranes

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a device consisting of a portable hand-held and battery operated multi-band UVABC light that uses a combination of UVA, UVB, and UVC wavelength band of UV LED emitters. All three types of UV LEDs are energized at the same time or individually to the same at least one target object being at least one smoke collection holder and capturing device having a coated surface that will fluoresce and glow when there is the presence of a wide range of smoke chemical particulates that have been collected, captured, and held in the at least one smoke collection holder and capturing device. This positive detection and confirmation indicates an act of smoking had recently occurred in the space where the at least one smoke collection holder and capturing device was installed, necessitating additional affirmation testing and recovery costs charged back to the smoker or occupant of the space where the act of smoking had taken place.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are ratiometric fluorescence imaging reagents, and image processing methods for using fluorescence ratio and intensity thresholds to detect and visualize regions of biological activity in biological specimens with improved accuracy.

Abstract: During operation of the system, a sample of the biological material is placed against a surface of a waveguide, which is comprised of a UV-transparent waveguide material. Then, the system launches UV light from a UV light source via side-illumination into an input end of the waveguide, wherein a launch angle for components of the UV light is greater than a critical angle between the waveguide material and air, so that the UV light propagates through the waveguide via total internal reflection to reach the sample. The launch angle is also less than a critical angle between the waveguide material and the sample, so that when the UV light reaches the sample, the UV light escapes the waveguide through refraction to illuminate the sample. Finally, an imaging mechanism located on an opposite side of the waveguide from the sample captures an image of the illuminated sample.

Abstract: Accelerated methods and apparatuses for three-dimensional microscopy with structured illumination, in which focal planes of the sample are focused and each focal plane is illuminated in a plurality of phases sequentially with structured illumination light and the sample light emitted by the sample is recorded in a respective individual image. A resulting image having a resolution that is increased with respect to the individual images is reconstructed from the individual images to produce a super-resolved image stack. By reconstructing a resulting image from individual images of two different focal planes by approximation methods, said resulting image represents a sample plane that is situated between said focal planes, an image stack can be produced in a shorter period with less stress on the sample.

Abstract: A fluctuation-based fluorescence microscopy method, comprising influencing a point-spread function of the imaging of a sample emitting fluorescence radiation using an optical device in dependence on a parameter such that a point emitter is imaged into a representation with two image lobes. The relative positions of the lobes depend on the position of the point emitter relative to the focal plane. Synthetic pixels, smaller than detector pixels, are generated; for each synthetic pixel, pairs of pixel groups are defined among pixels of the detector based on the influencing of the point spread function. Each pair is assigned to an individual value of the parameter. In each frame and for each synthetic pixel, a signal correlation is ascertained and allocated as image brightness to the synthetic pixel for the parameter specification. Subframes for each frame are produced from the synthetic pixels, and a high-resolution sample image is produced from the subframes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the contactless determining of the speed of a fluid flow and the concentration of at least one analyte therein, wherein a) the flow speed is measured by means of laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) using tracer particles which pass through an interference fringe pattern in the intersection region of two coherent monochromatic light beams and thereby generate a scattered light signal; and b) the concentration of the at least one analyte is measured by means of Raman spectroscopy, wherein a monochromatic light beam is radiated in and the Raman spectrum of the light inelastically scattered on the analyte molecules in the flow is recorded; wherein c) a single light source is used for both the LDA and the Raman spectroscopy, such that both measurements are carried out in the intersection region of two two coherent light beams coming from the light source, wherein the speed is measured by photons elastically scattered onto the tracer particles, and the concentration is measured by p