Abstract: A method of operating an electrochemical device includes periodically discharging a volume of concentrate reject in a timed batch cycle and replacing the concentrate reject with feed water. An electrochemical water treatment system includes a recycle line having a valve controlled by a control module. The control module periodically opens the valve to discharge concentrate reject from the recycle line in a batch timed cycle. The recycle line is fed with feed water to replace the discharged concentrate reject.

Abstract: A filter medium including: a porous first support; nanofiber webs respectively stacked at the upper and lower parts of the first support, and made of a plurality of nanofibers of which the diameters have a standard deviation of 300 nm or less; and a porous second support interposed between the first support and the nanofiber web. The filter medium is implemented by fibers having uniform diameters, and thus is easily manufactured to have a predetermined pore diameter and simultaneously has excellent uniformity of the pore diameters, thereby having excellent filtering efficiency and being more suitable when selectively separating specific objects. Backwashing is enabled at uniform pressure during backwashing such that high cleaning power is obtained. The filter medium has excellent water permeability and excellent mechanical strength so as to minimize the shape and structural deformation and damage of the filter medium.

Abstract: Provided is a filtration device including: a flow path that meanders; a filtration membrane that separates a supply side and a permeation side of the flow path; a first distribution port that is provided at one end of the supply side of the flow path; a second distribution port that is provided at the other end of the supply side of the flow path; a first discharge port that is provided on the permeation side of the flow path; and a second discharge port that is provided at a position different from that of the first discharge port on the permeation side of the flow path. First liquid feeding for allowing a liquid flowed in from the first distribution port to flow out from the second distribution port, and second liquid feeding for allowing a liquid flowed in from the second distribution port to flow out from the first distribution port are alternately performed.

Abstract: Provided is a filtration method that includes a cleaning step and involves the use of a porous membrane, wherein the filtration method offers exceptional resistance to cleaning solutions (chemicals) (chemical liquid resistance) and exceptional filtration performance, and has a long service life. A filtration method includes the following steps: a filtration step in which a liquid to be processed that contains a material to be filtered is passed through a porous membrane configured from a resin having a three-dimensional mesh structure, and a filtrate is separated from the material to be filtered; and a cleaning step in which the porous membrane has a cleaning solution passed therethrough or is immersed in the cleaning solution so that the interior of the porous membrane is cleaned.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for testing the integrity of membranes in a filter module. Specifically, the process is applied to filters for extracorporeal blood treatment, in particular, filters comprising both filter membranes and particulate material.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to a chitosan-graphene oxide membrane and process of making the same. The nanocomposite membrane can filter water and remove contaminants without fouling like other commercially-available polymer-based water filters. The membrane can be used as a flat sheet filter or can be engineered in a spiral filtration module. The membrane is scalable and tunable for many water contaminants including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, herbicides, and other organic chemicals. The membrane uses chitosan, which is low-cost, renewable biopolymer typically considered to be a waste product and the second most abundant biopolymer on Earth, thus making the membrane an environmentally-friendly product choice.

Abstract: A composition of five parts by mass of chitosan and one part graphene oxide is suspended in water. The composition may be used to form filtration layers of any size or shape and may be reinforced by additional layers. The composition may be used to construct a large filtration apparatus of any size or shape and may be used to form highly resilient, antimicrobial structures and surfaces for a variety of applications.

Abstract: This invention relates to barrier materials comprising reduced graphene oxide, methods of making said materials and their uses. The reduced graphene oxide is preferably formed from the reduction of graphene oxide by HI, HBr or ascorbic acid.

Abstract: A filtration filter is suitable for performing cross-flow filtration by using a metallic porous membrane. A metallic porous membrane has a membrane portion for filtering filtration objects contained in a fluid and a held portion provided at its outer periphery. A first frame member and a second frame member hold the held portion of the metallic porous membrane there between. The held portion has a bent portion bent to a second principal surface side opposing a first principal surface of the membrane portion. The first frame member is in contact with the held portion at the first principal surface side of the metallic porous membrane. The second frame member is disposed at an inner side portion of the first frame member and is in contact with the held portion at the second principal surface side of the metallic porous membrane.

Abstract: In certain examples, a beverage dispenser includes a gas system configured to collect ambient air, pressurize the ambient air, and dispense the pressurized ambient air, a valve configured to dispense a base fluid, and a concentrate system configured to dispense a concentrate. A manifold is configured to form a gas-injected mixed beverage comprising the base fluid, the concentrate, and the pressurized ambient air, and a nozzle is configured to apply a back-pressure upstream on the gas-injected mixed beverage and dispense the gas-injected mixed beverage.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system for producing carbon dioxide (CO2)-dissolved deionized water (DIW), the system comprising: a DIW source for providing DIW; a CO2 source for providing CO2; a pressurized tank, coupled to the DIW source and the CO2 source, the pressurized tank being arranged for generating CO2-dissolved DIW with a first concentration according to the DIW of the DIW source and the CO2 of the CO2 source; a mixer, coupled to the DIW source and the pressurized tank, the mixer being arranged for generating CO2-dissolved DIW with a second concentration according to the CO2-dissolved DIW with the first concentration and the DIW of the DIW source; and wherein the second concentration is lower than the first concentration.

Abstract: A water aeration system powers an air pump held in an encasement with a solar panel mounted directly or indirectly to the encasement or to the mounting pole supporting the encasement above a ground surface. An air conduit directs pumped air to one or more disc diffusers submerged in the body of water to be aerated. The disc diffuser(s) are supported by a floating platform that is suspended from a buoy or float so that the disc diffuser(s) are held at a desired depth below the water surface.

Abstract: A powder transfer bag includes a balloon or a membrane sealing its mouth. A connector to be used with the bags allows the bag to connect to a hydration device. A method of hydrating material in a powder transfer bag is provided.

Abstract: A technique facilitates mixing of cement slurry for use in a cementing application. At least one cement mixer is provided with a tank, e.g. a conical tank, having a powder cement blend inlet and a mixing liquid inlet. A cement slurry discharge may be positioned generally beneath the tank. A mixing assembly also is positioned below the tank and driven by a shaft. The mixing assembly is exposed to an interior of the tank and is used to mix the cement slurry when rotated by the shaft and to direct the cement slurry out through the cement slurry discharge. Additionally, a recirculation system comprises an inlet positioned to receive a portion of the cement slurry mixed in the mixing assembly. The recirculation system also comprises an outlet positioned to direct the portion back into the mixer to enhance mixing effects.

Abstract: A method and system are used to enhance a marker material to include a plurality of air bubbles. The method of manufacturing a marker includes enhancing a marker material to include a plurality of air bubbles using at least a first EFD and a second EFD. The method may include cycling repeatedly through a transfer process between a first container and a second container. A system for enhancing a marker material includes a transfer apparatus configured to receive a marker material and a selected amount of air. The system comprises a first EFD coupled to a first end of the transfer apparatus and a second EFD coupled to a second end of the transfer apparatus.

Abstract: Viscosity and other properties are determined at desired temperatures in drilling mud and other fluids by using a versatile cavitation device which, operating in the cavitation mode, mixes and heats the fluid to a specified temperature, and, operating in the shear mode, acts as a spindle for application of Couette principles to determine viscosity as a function of shear stress and shear rate. The invention obviates the practice of adjusting rheology of a drilling fluid by passing it through the drill bit. Drilling fluid may be managed by a “straight-through” method to the well, or by placing the cavitation device in a loop which isolates an aliquot of known volume and circulating the fluid through the loop including the cavitation device.

Abstract: Viscosity and other properties are determined at desired temperatures in drilling mud and other fluids by using a versatile cavitation device which, operating in the cavitation mode, mixes and heats the fluid to a specified temperature, and, operating in the shear mode, acts as a spindle for application of Couette principles to determine viscosity as a function of shear stress and shear rate. The invention obviates the practice of adjusting rheology of a drilling fluid by passing it through the drill bit. Drilling fluid may be managed by a “straight-through” method to the well, or by placing the cavitation device in a loop which isolates an aliquot of known volume and circulating the fluid through the loop including the cavitation device.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing hot mix asphalt from 100% recycled pavement aggregates includes a rotatable inclined drum having a central axis and having a first and second end. A heat source spaced from one of the ends introduces hot gas into the drum via one of the first and second ends. An aggregate supply introduces aggregate into the drum through one of the first and second ends. A RAP collar spaced from the ends and positioned around the drum is used to introduce sand through openings beneath the collar into the drum as the drum is rotated. The RAP collar has an annular heat and smoke shield fastened around the drum for minimizing escape of hot gas from the drum openings beneath the RAP collar. The drum has replaceable buckets within the openings for receiving, holding and distributing sand into the drum as the drum rotates about its axis.

Abstract: Method for producing solid urea by granulation, wherein the granulation is fed with liquid urea having a purity greater than 98% by weight and not containing formaldehyde.

Abstract: A device for distribution of solid particles for loading a vessel with solid particles, comprising: a solid particle feed hopper, a rotating member and a drive member coupled to said rotating member to drive in rotation said rotating member, a set of at least one deflector element, each deflector element extending in its longitudinal direction between a first end and a second end, and being carried by said rotating member at its first end, where, at least one deflector element of said set is rigid and mounted to pivot on the rotating member at its first end, the device further comprises remotely actuatable deployment means adapted to drive at least one deflector element mounted to pivot on the rotating member so as to cause it to pivot from a position for introduction into the vessel to an erected, particle deviation position independent of the rotation speed of the rotating member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing an aqueous or hydro-alcoholic colloidal solution of metal chalcogenide amorphous nanoparticles notably of the Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) type and to the obtained colloidal solution. The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a film of large-grain crystallized semi-conducting metal chalcogenide film notably of CZTS obtained from an aqueous or hydro-alcoholic colloidal solution according to the invention, said film being useful as an absorption layer deposited on a substrate applied in a solid photovoltaic device.

Abstract: Provided is a conductive particle including a core-shell particle having superior elasticity. The core-shell particle is provided with a core part and a shell part that covers the surface of the core part, wherein the core part is formed by an elastic body, and the shell part is formed by the cured product of a composition including a curing agent and a polyimide.

Abstract: Reactive diluent fluid (22) is introduced into a stream of synthesis gas (or “syngas”) produced in a heat-generating unit such as a partial oxidation (“POX”) reactor (12) to cool the syngas and form a mixture of cooled syngas and reactive diluent fluid. Carbon dioxide and/or carbon components and/or hydrogen in the mixture of cooled syngas and reactive diluent fluid is reacted (26) with at least a portion of the reactive diluent fluid in the mixture to produce carbon monoxide-enriched and/or solid carbon depleted syngas which is fed into a secondary reformer unit (30) such as an enhanced heat transfer reformer in a heat exchange reformer process. An advantage of the invention is that problems with the mechanical integrity of the secondary unit arising from the high temperature of the syngas from the heat-generating unit are avoided.

Abstract: The invention relates to an integrated tubular reaction device, which comprises a reaction vessel, a reaction vessel including at least two tubular chambers, a channel connecting at least two tubular chambers and an opening; a cover body, which can be worked with the opening, and a cover body including a through hole; a seal, which includes a sealing plug which can be worked with the through hole. The integrated tubular reaction device solves the problem of contamination of reaction products in the process of multiple or multi-step biological enzyme reaction, and can realize multiple or multi-step biological enzyme reactions in the same device.

Abstract: A carbonate apatite highly containing carbonate groups, having excellent heavy metal adsorption capacity is provided. The carbonate apatite contains not less than 15.6% by weight carbonate groups, preferably contains at least one of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), strontium (Sr), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), iron (Fe), and sodium (Na), and preferably has a Ca/P molar ratio of not less than 1.5.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a monolithic stationary phase in the interior volume of a chromatography column made of thermoplastic polymer. This method comprises the following steps: (i) modifying the inner wall of the chromatography column by implementing the following steps: (a) preparing a polymerizable anchoring composition comprising at least one particular methacrylate monomer, one or more solvents and 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, (b) depositing, on the inner wall of the column, the polymerizable anchoring composition prepared in step (a), and (c) polymerizing the polymerizable anchoring composition by irradiation with ultraviolet radiation; (ii) introducing, into the interior volume of the column, a polymerizable monolith synthesis composition comprising first and second particular (meth)acrylate monomers, one or more pore-forming agents and a free-radical polymerization initiator; and (iii) polymerizing the polymerizable monolith synthesis composition.

Abstract: Redox catalysts having surface medication, methods of making redox catalysts with surface modification, and uses of the surface modified redox catalysts are provided. In some aspects, the redox catalysts include a core oxygen carrier region such as CaMnO3, BaMnO3-?, SrMnO3-?, Mn2SiO4, Mn2MgO4-?, La0.8Sr0.2O3-?, La0.8Sr0.2FeO3-?, Ca9Ti0.1Mn0.9O3-?, Pr6O11-?, manganese ore, or a combination thereof; and an outer shell having an average thickness of about 1-100 monolayers surrounding the outer surface of the core region. The outer shell can include, for example a salt selected such as Li2WO4, Na2WO4, K2WO4, SrWO4, Li2MoO4, Na2MoO4, K2MoO4, CsMoO4, Li2CO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A novel coated catalyst having an outer shell which is composed of a catalyst material having high surface area and contains molybdenum, vanadium, tellurium and niobium, and the use of this catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethene or the oxidation of propane to acrylic acid and also a process for producing the catalyst is disclosed.

Abstract: A novel catalyst composition and its use in the dehydrogenation of alkanes to olefins. The catalyst comprises a Group VIII noble metal and a metal selected from the group consisting of manganese, vanadium, chromium, titanium, and combinations thereof, on a support. The Group VIII noble metal can be platinum, palladium, osmium, rhodium, rubidium, iridium, and combinations thereof. The support can be silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, silica-alumina, cerium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, magnesium oxide, metal modified silica, silica-pillared clays, silica-pillared micas, metal oxide modified silica-pillared mica, silica-pillared tetrasilicic mica, silica-pillared taeniolite, zeolite, molecular sieve, and combinations thereof. The catalyst composition is an active and selective catalyst for the catalytic dehydrogenation of alkanes to olefins.

Abstract: Provided is a nitrogen oxide (NOX) reduction catalyst including an active site including at least one of a metal vanadate expressed by [Chemical Formula 1] and a metal vanadate expressed by [Chemical Formula 2], and a support for loading the active site thereon. (M1)XV2OX+5??[Chemical Formula 1] (where M1 denotes one selected from among manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni), and X denotes a real number having a value between 1 and 3.) (M2)YVO4??[Chemical Formula 2] (where M2 denotes one selected from among lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu), and Y denotes a real number having a value between 0.5 and 1.5.

Abstract: An acid-resistant alloy catalyst, comprising nickel, one or more rare earth element, tin, aluminum and molybdenum. The catalyst is cheap and stable, does not need a carrier, can be stably applied in industrial continuous production, and can lower the production cost.

Abstract: A catalytic article for treating an exhaust gas stream containing particulate matter, hydrocarbons, CO, and ammonia, the article may include: (a) a substrate having an inlet end and an outlet end defining an axial length; (b) a first catalyst coating including: 1) a platinum group metal distributed on a molecular sieve, and 2) a base metal distributed on a molecular sieve; and (c) a second catalyst coating including: 1) a platinum group metal distributed on a molecular sieve, and 2) a base metal distributed on a molecular sieve.

Abstract: A method for making catalyst materials is disclosed in which active metal ingredients of the final catalyst are added to a mixture for extruding the catalyst material that includes a binder, one or more precursors of one or more base metals and/or one or more noble metals, and a crystal of a zeolite. The extruded catalyst material is then pre-calcined and ion-exchanged and then a final calcining step is applied. The catalyst materials made by such a method are also disclosed as is a method for treating a hydrocarbon stream using the catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an apparatus and a respective process, which can be used in the production of exhaust catalysts. In particular, the present apparatus is used in a process to supply the liquid coating slurry to substrates, like honeycomb monoliths.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process and an apparatus for coating substrates of motor vehicle exhaust gas catalysts. The invention particularly describes an improvement in such coating processes in which a suspension (washcoat) containing the catalytic material is applied to such a substrate (monolithic substrate) from above (metered charge process).

Abstract: A method for removing contaminants from a process stream that includes the use of reticulated material to filter the process stream. The reticulated material also facilitate process stream flow distribution in process units. The reticulated material can be packed with a void space between a substantial number of the reticulated material that can be varied to enhance filtration and flow distribution. The method of filtering also provides a method of removing contaminants leaving process equipment. The methods can be used on a variety of process streams and process equipment. The reticulated material can include ceramics, metallic materials, and chemical vapor deposition elements. The reticulated material can be of various shapes and sizes, and can also be catalytically active.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of cooling a regenerated catalyst and a device thereof, which employs low-line-speed operation, wherein a range of the superficial gas velocity is 0.005-0.7 m/s, wherein at least one fluidization wind distributor is provided, wherein the main fluidization wind enters the dense bed layer of the catalyst cooler from the distributor, and the heat removal load of the catalyst cooler and/or the temperature of the cold catalyst is controlled by adjusting the fluidization wind quantity. The method and a device thereof of the present invention has an extensive application range, and can be extensively used for various fluid catalytic cracking processes, including heavy oil catalytic cracking, wax oil catalytic cracking, light hydrocarbon catalytic conversion and the like, or used for other gas-solid fluidization reaction charring processes, including residual oil pretreating, methanol to olefin, methanol to aromatics, fluid coking, flexicoking and the like.

Abstract: Methods of treating hydroconversion catalysts used for cracking of hydrocarbons are described. A method can include mixing an inactive hydroconversion catalyst with a solid hydrocarbon containing material having a melting point of 50° C. or greater. The inactive hydroconversion catalyst/solid hydrocarbon containing material mixture can be contacted with a gaseous stream that includes hydrogen (H2) and a sulfur-containing compound under conditions sufficient to sulfide the catalyst and carbonize at least a portion of the hydrocarbon containing material on the sulfided catalyst to obtain a treated sulfided hydroconversion catalyst.

Abstract: A controlled environment enclosure comprises a robotic arm manipulation system used to protect and unprotect a fluid path within the controlled environment enclosure. The apparatus allows the fluid path to be protected against dangerous decontamination vapors and chemicals before the controlled environment enclosure is decontaminated, the method not requiring the use of gloves or other means that degrade the integrity of the controlled environment enclosure. The apparatus similarly allows the fluid path to be unprotected for use without the use of gloves, the method not requiring the use of gloves or other means that degrade the integrity of the controlled environment enclosure when decontaminated is completed.

Abstract: A pipette for use with a pipette tip includes a housing, a pin on the bottom end of the housing holding a pipette tip having first means for form-fit connection and a second means for form-fit connection which can be shoved onto the pin, constricting the pin, and/or expanding the tip before form-fit connection with the pin, a drive apparatus, at least one locking sleeve arranged concentric to the pin which is guided toward the pin in the housing, wherein the locking sleeve has a locked position having a pin in the inside constricted by shoving on a pipette tip, and/or is bordered on the outside by a tip shoved onto the pin, preventing a release from the pin, and the locking sleeve is upwardly displaceable out of the locked position so that the pin, and/or the tip is released, and the tip is removable from the pin.

Abstract: A pipette comprises a pipette housing comprising an upper end and a lower end, a nipple configured to contact and retain a pipette tip, a drive apparatus configured to aspirate a liquid specimen into the pipette tip and expel the liquid specimen from the pipette tip, and an ejection apparatus. The ejection apparatus comprises a curved support rotatably mounted within the pipette housing, an ejection rod, a first sensing element positioned on the ejection rod and configured to be guided on a first curve on a perimeter of the curved support, and an operating element coupled to the curved support and configured to rotate relative to the pipette housing. The ejection apparatus is configured to rotate the curved support out of a start position by rotating the operating element. The first curve displaces the first sensing element downward a the ejection rod moves the pipette tip off of the nipple.

Abstract: A multiple-antenna positioning system with a single drive element, providing reduced weight and complexity over systems that have a drive element for each antenna. In certain examples, each antenna can be coupled with a rotating spindle, with each antenna spindle being coupled with a pair of link arms. By driving a single drive spindle, each of the antenna spindles in the system can be rotated by the associated pair of link arms. The link arms can have an adjustable length, such as through a turnbuckle mechanism, to reduce backlash in the system, and in some examples can apply a preload to the system. By reducing backlash, the multiple antenna positioning system can have improved responsiveness to a rotation of the single drive element, as well as improved stability of the positioning of each antenna when the drive element is held in a fixed position.

Abstract: A digital dispense system for preparing and analyzing a plurality of samples. The system includes two or more fluid droplet ejection devices. Each fluid droplet ejection device contains a fluid droplet ejection cartridge containing at least one fluid to be dispensed. The fluid droplet ejection cartridge is attached to a translation mechanism for moving the fluid droplet ejection cartridge back and forth over a sample holder in an x direction. A sample tray translation mechanism is provided for moving a sample tray along a production path in a y direction orthogonal to the x direction through the two or more fluid droplet ejection devices.

Abstract: A system and method for ejecting one or more fluids from a digital dispense device. The method includes a) inputting to a memory a volume per unit area for each of the one or more fluids to be ejected from the digital dispense device; b) matching the volume per unit area to a device resolution for the digital dispense device; c) formatting fluid ejectors for the digital dispense device for the device resolution; and d) ejecting fluid from the digital dispense device to provide the volume per area for each of the one or more fluids.

Abstract: A vial and system are configured to simplify fluid input and extraction therefrom. The vial has a first end opposite a second end and with a collapsible sidewall. The sidewall can be collapsed, such as by imparting a differential pressure between an interior and exterior of the vial, for simplified fluid extraction and smooth extraction without disturbing boundaries between separated components. The vial typically has a bulb at a first end and a neck extending away from the bulb and toward the second end. An inlet spaced from the first end can be configured to attach to various different interfaces or processing elements for input and output of fluids. A support cup can be provided for use with the vial during centrifugation to allow the vial to withstand any centrifugation forces. Various fluid processing methodologies are supported by the collapsible vial, especially including methods of separation of components of blood.

Abstract: An apparatus for isolating bubbles from a liquid comprises at least a main body; an inlet tube and an outlet tube disposed at a side of the main body which includes an accommodation chamber and a column disposed atop, the inlet tube is formed with an aperture within the accommodation chamber, and the outlet tube is disposed at a position below the inlet tube; and a coupling tube disposed within the accommodation chamber, and includes a first end connected to the inlet tube and a second end corresponding to and separating from the outlet tube by a gap. During use, a liquid dispersed with bubbles is introduced through the inlet tube. The bubbles pass through the aperture along with a small portion of the liquid and ascend toward a top of the accommodation chamber and are then collected by the column.

Abstract: An assay preparation device is an apparatus that is used to contain a variety of reagents and samples, to combine these fluids in a desirable order, to agitate the fluids through rotation of adsorbent petals, to contain the resulting waste products, and to allow for wavelength analysis of the results. The apparatus includes a reaction chamber, an intake port, a sample-retaining spinner, a first reading slit, a plurality of fluid-retaining receptacles, a plurality of input valves, and a waste valve. The plurality of input valves is connected to the plurality of fluid-retaining receptacles, allowing the user to control fluid flow into the reaction chamber. The sample-retaining spinner collects the fluids in the reaction chamber. Upon reaction completion, the waste valve is opened to allow for removal of fluids from the reaction chamber. The first reading slit provides a window for wavelength examination tools to examine and analyze the reaction results.

Abstract: This patent application describes an integrated apparatus for processing polynucleotide-containing samples, and for providing a diagnostic result thereon. The apparatus is configured to receive a microfluidic cartridge that contains reagents and a network for processing a sample. Also described are methods of using the apparatus.

Abstract: The invention refers to a cantilever sensor comprising: a silicon layer having at least two surfaces and at least two end regions, wherein at least one surface is coated with a coating comprising Au, and one end region is anchored to a support, thereby forming a hinge region between the silicon layer and the support, wherein the at least one Au-coated surface is further coated with a self-assembled monolayer network of probe molecules that covers at least 30% of the Au-coated layer surface and is arranged along the longitudinal length of the cantilever in a continuous connectivity between the probe molecules of the network and between the network and the hinge region of the cantilever. The continuous connectivity is obtained when the distance between a self-assembled monolayer network of probe molecules and a hinge region of the cantilever is equal or less than 50 ?m and when the distance between the plurality of probe molecules is equal or less than 50 ?m.

Abstract: A self-driven microfluidic chip for rapid influenza A detection is provided. The chip includes: a substrate, a hydrophobic layer, a hydrophilic film layer, and a channel structure layer laminated sequentially. The structure of the channel structure layer includes a plurality of channels, a plurality of valves and reaction chambers in the channels, and a plurality of openings, wherein the hydrophilic film layer includes a pattern corresponding to the structure of the channel structure layer, and forms a disconnected area corresponding to the location of the valves to make the valves hydrophobic; the channel structure layer is formed of a flexible material, and heights of the valves are higher than those of the channels in a thickness direction of the channel structure layer in order to control liquid flow by pressing the valves.