Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and systems for nucleic acid sequencing. Such systems and methods may achieve context-independent incorporation, have reduced context-dependence or have context-dependence that is amenable to calibration and modeling. Such systems and methods may also reduce misincorporation.

Abstract: A method for sequencing a template polynucleotide, comprising the steps of: a) Providing a sensor comprising: an active region comprising a source region, a drain region, and a channel region, a dielectric region on the channel region, a polymerase coupled to the dielectric region, the polymerase having an active site, the polymerase being separated from the dielectric region by a gap, one or more sensitizing means, a fluidic gate region to which the polymerase is exposed, a template polynucleotide bound to a primer, the template polynucleotide being bound to the polymerase; b) Exposing the polymerase to one or more nucleotide polyphosphates; and c) Electrically monitoring changes in the channel region electrical properties.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to nucleotide and nucleoside molecules with acetal or thiocarbamate 3?-OH blocking groups. Also provided herein are methods to prepare such nucleotide and nucleoside molecules, and the uses of fully functionalized nucleotides containing the 3?-OH blocking group for sequencing applications.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for determining internal structural properties of a polymer molecule by measuring the force required to translocate the molecule through the interface between two fluids. In some cases, the fluid interface may have a well-defined curvature, which may be held constant or otherwise controlled during translocation. In some cases, the translocating force may be modulated at one or more frequencies. In some cases, attachment of the molecule to a manipulator may be detected before or during translocation.

Abstract: A sensor apparatus includes a substrate, a semiconductor device disposed over the substrate, the semiconductor device having a surface electrode structure, and a saccharide coating formed over the surface electrode structure. The saccharide coating can be removed prior to use. The semiconductor device can further include a well and optionally a bead disposed in the well.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compounds comprising a negatively-charged polymer moiety which is capable of entering a nanopore and upon entering a nanopore in the presence of positive ions results in an increased flow of the positive ions through the nanopore. The present disclosure provides methods of preparing the compounds and for their use as nanopore-detectable tags, in particular, for nanopore-based nucleic acid detection and sequencing.

Abstract: Implementations of a method for seeding sequence libraries on a surface of a sequencing flow cell that allow for spatial segregation of the libraries on the surface are provided. The spatial segregation can be used to index sequence reads from individual sequencing libraries to increase efficiency of subsequent data analysis. In some examples, hydrogel beads containing encapsulated sequencing libraries are captured on a sequencing flow cell and degraded in the presence of a liquid diffusion barrier to allow for the spatial segregation and seeding of the sequencing libraries on the surface of the flow cell. Additionally, examples of systems, methods and compositions are provided relating to flow cell devices configured for nucleic acid library preparation and single cell sequencing. Some examples include flow cell devices having a hydrogel with genetic material disposed therein, and which is retained within the hydrogel during nucleic acid processing.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for pairwise sequencing of a double-stranded polynucleotide template, which permit the sequential determination of nucleotide sequences in two distinct and separate regions on complementary strands of the double-stranded polynucleotide template. The two regions for sequence determination may or may not be complementary to each other.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions, methods, systems, and devices for polynucleotide processing and analyte characterization. Such polynucleotide processing may be useful for a variety of applications, including analyte characterization by polynucleotide sequencing. The compositions, methods, systems, and devices disclosed herein generally describe barcoded oligonucleotides, which can be bound to a bead, such as a gel bead, useful for characterizing one or more analytes including, for example, protein (e.g., cell surface or intracellular proteins), genomic DNA, and RNA (e.g., mRNA or CRISPR guide RNAs). Also described herein, are barcoded labelling agents and oligonucleotide molecules useful for “tagging” analytes for characterization.

Abstract: A kit for use with a nucleic acid sequencing instrument can include a plurality of combinatorial barcodes sequences meeting the following criteria: each of the combinatorial barcode sequences comprise a plurality of iterations of a sequence motif, where the sequence motif comprises a first nucleotide base from a first group of nucleotide bases followed by a second nucleotide base from a second group of nucleotide bases, the first group and the second group differing from each other; and the plurality of combinatorial barcode sequences is at least 1,000,000 different barcode sequences.

Abstract: Multivalent binding compositions including a particle-nucleotide conjugate having a plurality of copies of a nucleotide attached to the particle are described. The multivalent binding compositions allow one to localize detectable signals to active regions of biochemical interaction, e.g., sites of protein-protein interaction, protein-nucleic acid interaction, nucleic acid hybridization, or enzymatic reaction, and can be used to identify sites of base incorporation in elongating nucleic acid chains during polymerase reactions and to provide improved base discrimination for sequencing and array based applications.

Abstract: Asthma is a common, under-diagnosed disease affecting all ages. Mild to moderate asthma is particularly difficult to diagnose given currently available tools. A nasal biomarker of asthma is of high interest given the accessibility of the nose and shared airway biology between the upper and lower respiratory tract. A machine learning pipeline identified an asthma gene panel of 275 unique nasally-expressed genes interpreted via different classification models. This asthma gene panel can be utilized to reliably diagnose asthma in patients, including mild to moderate asthma, in a non-invasive manner and to distinguish asthma from other respiratory disorders, allowing appropriate treatment of the patient's asthma.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel non-invasive method for the diagnosis of a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, in particular non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and/or liver fibrosis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the early diagnosis and prognosis of an inflammatory state of the brain, caused by neurological, neurodegenerative, and/or aging diseases. Said method is based on the qualitative- quantitative evaluation of microglia microvesicles in a subject's plasma.

Abstract: Mitochondrial disease genetic diagnostics and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of diagnosis of a pathogen-associated disease. These methods comprise: providing a biological sample from a human subject; determining presence, absence and/or quantity of a bacterial pathogen, a viral pathogen, or a combination thereof, by a pathogen culture, a serum antibody detection test, a pathogen antigen detection test, a pathogen DNA and/or RNA detection test, or a combination thereof; determining in the sample, expression levels of at least one endogenous gene in which aberrant expression levels are associated with infection with a pathogen, by a microarray hybridization assay, RNA-seq assay, polymerase chain reaction assay, a LAMP assay, a ligase chain reaction assay, a Southern, Northern, or Western blot assay, an ELISA or a combination thereof. The subject can be diagnosed with the disease if the subject comprises the pathogen and an aberrant level of expression of an endogenous gene.

Abstract: Methods are provided for assessing a clinical response to a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist (GRA) in a human subject and for diagnosing Cushing's syndrome.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and compositions relating to the treatment of cancer, e.g., methods which account for a subject's Hippo pathway activity/mutational status or which relate to combination treatments that influence the subject's Hippo pathway activity in order to enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapeutics.

Abstract: A method for using bodily fluids in determining the cell-specific potency of drugs is provided. A composition comprising a plurality of types of carriers, wherein each carrier comprises a single-cell lethal amount of a therapeutic agent and a unique barcode identifying that agent and wherein the composition comprises equal numbers of each carrier type, equal concentrations of the agent and equal concentrations of each barcode is also provided. Further, methods useful for studying the therapeutic profile of one or more drugs within a cell microenvironment, including but not limited to a tumor, are provided.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for determining a subtype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) of an individual by detecting the expression level of at least one classifier biomarker selected from a group of gene signatures for HNSCC. Also provided herein are methods and compositions for determining the response of an individual with a HNSCC subtype to a therapy such as immunotherapy.

Abstract: It is intended to provide highly sensitive and specific, rapid, and convenient method for evaluating a risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The method for evaluating a risk of hepatocellular carcinoma comprises: (1) amplifying bisulfite-treated DNA derived from a liver tissue of a subject, wherein the DNA comprises a CpG site of an exon region of MGRN1 gene; (2) subjecting the obtained amplification product to ion exchange chromatography; and (3) determining whether or not the DNA is DNA obtained from a subject having a high risk of development of hepatocellular carcinoma on the basis of a peak shape of a detection signal of the chromatography.

Abstract: Methods for detecting and analyzing low abundance and fragmented nucleic acids are provided, for example for amplifying and analyzing cancer cell DNA having a known pattern of DNA methylation. The example method includes a linear amplification step for targeting an area of interest and creating a complementary strand of the particular area of interest.

Abstract: Methods for the determination of the risk of developing neoplasia in a tissue, preferably anogenital tissue, showing no histopathological indications of neoplasia are described. The method is based on the determination of the methylation status of genomic DNA sequences associated with the genes ZNF671, ZNF154, ZNF776, ASTN1, BRINP2, DLX1, METAP1D and/or DLX2.

Abstract: A method for suppressing brain metastasis includes administering an miR-181c expression inhibitor, an miR-181c activity inhibitor, or an exosome secretion inhibitor as an active ingredient.

Abstract: Provided herein is technology relating compositions and methods for detecting tissue cell-specific DNA, such as epithelial cell-specific DNA, in blood or blood products from a subject. The technology also relates to use of tissue cell-specific DNAs as internal controls for methylation assays.

Abstract: The present invention provides a kit or device for the detection of biliary tract cancer, and a method for detecting biliary tract cancer. The present invention relates to a kit or device for the detection of biliary tract cancer, comprising a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to miRNA in a sample of a subject, and a method for detecting biliary tract cancer, comprising measuring the miRNA in vitro.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for testing the DNA of the source of the parasite in a sample, a method for diagnosing, using the testing method, whether a host object is suffered with a parasitic infection, a method for determining a treatment effect on a parasitic infection, and a method for screening a candidate treatment of a parasitic infection. Also provided is a kit for the methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of plant molecular breeding, and provides methods for estimating additive and dominant genetic effects of single methylation polymorphisms (SMPs) on quantitative traits. The method comprises the following steps: 1) collecting samples and measuring phenotype in a natural population, and extracting genomic DNA from the samples; 2) constructing MethylC-seq libraries using the sample genomic DNA, and sequencing; 3) identifying the SMPs from the DNA methylation sequencing reads, and performing genotyping; and 4) performing epigenome-wide association study on the SMPs and the phenotypic data using a Mixed Linear Model (MLM), identifying SMPs that are significantly associated with the phenotype, and estimating the additive and dominant genetic effects. The method can provide a new technical guidance for gene marker-assisted breeding, and has important theoretical and breeding values.

Abstract: The invention provides a transgenic Glycine max event MON87751, plants, plant cells, seeds, plant parts, progeny plants, and commodity products comprising event MON87751. The invention also provides polynucleotides specific for event MON87751, plants, plant cells, seeds, plant parts, and commodity products comprising polynucleotides for event MON87751. The invention also provides methods related to event MON87751.

Abstract: Described herein are uses of fluorescent enveloped virus particles as standards in nanoscale flow cytometry applications. The virus particles comprise a fluorescent dye or a fluorescent protein. A standard ladder comprising a plurality of fluorescent enveloped virus particles of different sizes is also provided. The standards may also comprise marker(s) of interest, and may be used as controls for detection of other viruses or extracellular vesicle, e.g. in diagnostic applications. Methods of producing controls for such applications are provided, including those having desired profiles. The controls may be used for enumeration of markers on microparticles (e.g. extracellular vesicles or viruses). Also described is a modified gammaretrovirus comprising a mutation that abolishes expression of the viral glyco-Gag protein, and having a fluorescent protein inserted in-frame into the proline-rich region (PRR) of the viral env protein.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for determining whether a human immunodeficiency virus is likely to be more resistant to a viral entry inhibitor than a reference HIV. In certain aspects, the methods comprise comparing the length of one or more variable regions of an envelope protein of the HIV or a number of glycosylation sites on the envelope protein of the HIV to a length of one or more corresponding variable regions of an envelope protein of the reference HIV or a number of glycosylation sites on the envelope protein of the reference HIV, wherein the HIV is likely to be more resistant to the CD4 binding site entry inhibitor than the reference HIV when the HIV has longer variable regions than the reference HIV or the HIV has more glycosylation sites than the reference HIV.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling the carbon feed to a fed-batch fermenter based on the disturbance of the pH signal following the addition or a limiting substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for reducing metal oxides to metallized material by means of contact with reduction gas, wherein an accumulated top gas is dry dedusted and reformed in a raw gas mixture together with gaseous hydrocarbons. The water vapor content of the dry dedusted top gas designated for the preparation of the raw gas mixture is adjusted in a saturator in the countercurrent by means of saturation water, wherein the temperature of the saturation water is adjusted, by mixing cold water with a hot water having a higher temperature than the cold water, in order to produce the saturation water at a target value. The invention further relates to a device for carrying out such a method, having corresponding conduits.

Abstract: A method of treating a blank is provided. The method includes moving a blank through a first section of a furnace at an inter-critical temperature and through a second section of the furnace at a critical temperature greater than the inter-critical temperature before hot stamping the blank. Movement of the blank from the first section to the second section of the furnace is delayed during a hot stamping line stoppage. The blank is in the first section of the furnace for a first time period and in the second section of the furnace a second time period less than the first time period. Also, the first section of the furnace may have a first length and in the second section of the furnace may have a second length that is less than the first length.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for heat-treating a surface of a spheroidal graphite cast iron, particularly, heat-treating an uppermost surface of spheroidal graphite cast iron, and spheroidal graphite cast iron heat-treated by the same. The method may include first heat treating for forming ferrite and second heat treating for oxy-nitriding. The spheroidal graphite cast iron heat-treated includes an oxidation layer and a compound layer having a thickness of about 15 to 30 ?m, which may be uniform. The method of the heat-treating may decrease the pearlite fraction in the uppermost surface of spheroidal graphite cast iron and increase the ferrite fraction by forming ferrite, thereby forming a compound layer having a thickness of about 15 to 30 ?m during an oxy-nitriding heat treatment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for work-hardening a crankshaft (4) comprising connecting rod journals (5), main bearing journals (6) and crank webs (7), the connecting rod journals (5) and the main bearing journals (6) being provided with oil holes (31). According to the invention, at least one end (30) of one of the oil holes (31) and/or at least one cylindrical portion (38) of the oil holes (31) is/are work-hardened.

Abstract: A method for producing a steel component from a flat steel sheet is provided. The produced steel component includes a substrate and a coating. The method ensures that the steel component has an Hdiff content below a certain level. The low Hdiff content minimizes the risk of hydrogen-induced cracking of the steel component after hot forming, including during subsequent use of the steel component. The Hdiff content in the hot-formed steel component is ensured to be below a certain level by selecting furnace parameters depending on the rolling degree and the sheet thickness of the flat steel sheet.

Abstract: A method of producing an amorphous alloy having a composition of Fe100-a-bBaSibCc (13.0 atom %?a?16.0 atom %, 2.5 atom %?b?5.0 atom %, 0.20 atom %?c?0.35 atom %, and 79.0 atom %?(100?a?b)?83.0 atom %) includes: preparing an alloy ribbon; and, in a state in which the alloy ribbon is tensioned with a tensile stress of from 20 MPa to 80 MPa, increasing a temperature of the alloy ribbon to from 410° C. to 480° C., at an average temperature increase rate of from 50° C./sec to less than 800° C./sec, and decreasing a temperature of the thus heated alloy ribbon to a temperature of a heat transfer medium for temperature-decreasing, at an average temperature decrease rate of from 120° C./sec to less than 600° C./sec.

Abstract: A hot dipped high manganese steel and a manufacturing method therefor. The high manganese steel comprises a steel base plate and a coating on the surface of the steel base plate. The core of the steel base plate is austenite. The surface layer of the steel base plate is a ferrite fine grain layer. The ferrite fine grain layer comprises an oxide of Al. Furthermore, the steel base plate of the hot dipped high manganese steel comprises, in mass percentages, 10 to 30% of Mn element, 1 to 2% of Al element, and 0.4 to 0.8% of C element. The manufacturing method comprises: 1) manufacturing strip steel; 2) primary annealing and acid washing; 3) secondary annealing and hot dipping.

Abstract: A method of making a composite compact or briquette may include mixing a first particulate material with at most 15% by weight of a powder coating material to obtain a mixture, and compacting the mixture into a compact. Either the first particulate material, the powder coating material, or both are advantageously waste materials. The first particulate material has a metal content of at least 50% by weight. The compact can be cured at temperatures between 50° C. and 300° C. to obtain the composite briquette. The composite briquette may include a binding phase formed of the cured waste powder coating material, and a dispersed phase formed of the first particulate. The composite briquettes can be used as a secondary ore material.

Abstract: Provided is a method for separating copper from nickel and cobalt, which is capable of efficiently and selectively separating copper, and nickel and cobalt from an alloy containing copper, nickel and cobalt such as a highly anticorrosive alloy that is obtained by subjecting a waste lithium ion battery to a dry treatment and contains copper, nickel and cobalt. According to the present invention, an alloy containing copper, nickel and cobalt is brought into contact with an acid in the coexistence of a sulfurization agent, thereby obtaining a solid that contains copper and a leachate that contains nickel and cobalt.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for producing feedstock in piece form from metal, in particular aluminium and/or aluminium alloys, for a metal-casting installation, in particular aluminium-casting installation, in which scrap parts of metal, in particular of aluminium and/or aluminium alloys, are sorted on the basis of their alloying constituents and/or alloy contents and subsequently, on the basis of an alloy to be produced in the feedstock, the scrap parts are mixed into a composition having a homogeneous distribution of the alloy and fed to a press, in which the scrap parts of the composition are subjected to a pressure that compresses the scrap parts while generating a temperature, wherein, as a result of the application of pressure, the scrap parts are heated up to the transition temperature between solid and liquid of at least some of the scrap parts and/or the alloys and/or alloying constituents thereof before the feedstock is discharged in a specific geometrical form.

Abstract: A high purity gold alloy alloyed with a combination of metals or at least two metals out of zirconium, Titanium and Magnesium for jewelry manufacture and containing 75-99.5% of Gold, 0.01-1.5% of Zirconium, 0.01-1.5% of Magnesium, 0.01-1.5% of Titanium, 0-24.98% of Copper, and 0-24.98% of Zinc and 0-24.98% of Silver by weight. Gold-Zirconium, Magnesium, Titanium Gold alloy has 75-260 Vickers hardness and specific gravity 14-19 g/cc. It has more than 1.25-2 times high springiness at applied load/pressure and is compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof by human eye, when compared with the conventional gold alloys. The 3-metal combination (Zr+Ti+Mg) Gold alloy has RICH YELLOW colour, while out of the 2-metal combinations, (Zr+Ti) Gold alloy has a WHITISH YELLOW colour, (Zr+Mg) Gold alloy has a GREENISH YELLOW colour and (Mg+Ti) Gold alloy has a “PALE YELLOW” colour. Gold alloy shows lower wear during polishing.

Abstract: A nickel-based alloy is disclosed which is suitable for casting gas turbine components having improved strength and comparative lower density while utilizing commercially available heat treatment cycles. The nickel-based alloy is suitable for providing equiaxed, directionally solidified, and single crystal castings. Methods of providing a cast article of the nickel-based alloy and subjecting the article to heat treatment cycles are also disclosed.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy foil has a composition containing 1.0% by mass or more and 1.8% by mass or less of Fe, more than 0.10% by mass and 0.20% by mass or less of Si, 0.005% by mass or more and 0.05% by mass or less of Cu, and Mn regulated to be 0.01% by mass or less, with the balance consisting of Al and incidental impurities, wherein, with regard to crystal grains surrounded by high inclination angle grain boundaries which are grain boundaries having a misorientation of 15° or more in analysis of crystal orientation per unit area using electron backscatter diffraction, an average grain size of the crystal grains is 10 ?m or less, and a maximum grain size of the crystal grains/the average grain size of the crystal grains?3.0, and when a thickness of the foil is 30 ?m, elongations in directions making 0°, 45° and 90° with respect to a rolling direction are each 25% or more respectively.

Abstract: Intended is to provide an aluminum alloy for die casting having a high strength as well as capable of achieving excellent elongation properties and a functional component using the aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy comprises, by mass, 6 to 9% of Si, 0.30 to 0.60% of Mg, 0.30 to 0.60% of Cu, 0.25% or less of Fe, 0.60% or less of Mn, 0.2% or less of Ti, 200 ppm or less of Sr, and 5 ppm or less of P, with the balance being Al and inevitable impurities, and wherein Sr (ppm)?4.2×P (ppm)?50.

Abstract: A powder metal material and sintered component formed of the powder metal material is provided. The powder metal material comprises a plurality of particles including copper in an amount of 10 wt. % to 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the particles. The particles also include at least one of iron, nickel, an cobalt. The particles further include at least one of boron, carbon, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, nitrogen, niobium, phosphorous, sulfur, aluminum, bismuth, silicon, tin, tantalum, titanium, vanadium, tungsten, hafnium, and zirconium. The particles are formed by atomizing and optionally heat treating. The particles consist of a first area and a second area, wherein the first area is copper-rich and the second area includes hard phases. The hard phases being present in an amount of at least 33 wt. %, based on the total weight of the second area.

Abstract: The invention is intended to provide a high-strength stainless steel seamless pipe for oil country tubular goods having high strength with a yield strength of 862 MPa (125 ksi) or more, excellent low-temperature toughness, and excellent corrosion resistance. The invention is also intended to provide a method for manufacturing such a high-strength stainless steel seamless pipe. The high-strength stainless steel seamless pipe has a microstructure that is at least 45% tempered martensite phase, 20 to 40% ferrite phase, and more than 10% and 25% or less retained austenite phase by volume. The high-strength stainless steel seamless pipe has a yield strength of 862 MPa or more, and a maximum crystal grain diameter of 500 ?m or less for ferrite crystal grains when crystal grains with a crystal orientation difference of within 15° are defined as the same crystal grains.

Abstract: A steel material excellent in rolling fatigue property, the steel material including, in mass %: C: 0.10% to 1.50%, Si: 0.01% to 0.80%, Mn: 0.10% to 1.50%, Cr: 0.02% to 2.50%, Al: 0.002% to less than 0.010%, Ce+La+Nd: 0.0001% to 0.0025%, Mg: 0.0005% to 0.0050%, O: 0.0001% to 0.0020%, Ti: 0.000% to less than 0.005%, N: 0.0180% or less, P: 0.030% or less, S: 0.005% or less, Ca: 0.0000% to 0.0010%, V: 0.00 to 0.40%, Mo: 0.00 to 0.60%, Cu: 0.00 to 0.50%, Nb: 0.000 to less than 0.050%, Ni: 0.00 to 2.50%, Pb: 0.00 to 0.10%, Bi: 0.00 to 0.10%, B: 0.0000 to 0.0050%, and the balance being Fe and an impurity, wherein a fatigue-initiating inclusion detected by an ultrasonic fatigue test contains one or more of Ce, La, and Nd, and Mg, Al, and O, and a composition ratio in the fatigue-initiating inclusion satisfies Formula (1).

Abstract: A rolled 6xxx-series aluminium alloy sheet product including, in wt. %: Mg 0.10-1.3%, Si 0.25-1.4%, Cu up to 0.45%, Mn up to 0.50%, Fe 0.10-0.45%, Sr 0.01-0.05%, and wherein the ratio Fe/Sr is in a range of 4 to 40, Ti up to 0.20%, Cr up to 0.30%, Zr up to 0.20%, V up to 0.20%, Zn up to 0.35%, Sn up to 0.075%, impurities and balance aluminium. A method of manufacturing the 6xxx-series aluminium alloy sheet product.