Abstract: Methods and systems are providing for improving engine coolant level estimation to reduce engine overheating. The level of fluid in a coolant overflow reservoir is inferred based on the fluid level in a hollow vertical standpipe fluidically coupled to the reservoir at top and bottom locations, while the fluid level in the standpipe is estimated based on echo times of an ultrasonic signal transmitted by a sensor positioned in a recess at the bottom of the vertical standpipe. Engine power is limited differently based on distinct coolant level states determined based on a change in level of coolant in the reservoir over a duration.

Abstract: A supercharger intercooler includes three sequential Anti-Reversion Plenums (ARPs) separated by heat exchangers, in right and left air paths between the supercharger and intake ports. The intercooler resides above and beside the supercharger and has paths for each bank of a V8 engine. An air flow from the supercharger is up and into a first ARP, is split into right and left flows into right and left first heat exchangers, passes into second ARPs and turns down, flows though right and left second heat exchangers into third ARPs and then into the engine. Reversion pulses from the engine are reduced by each ARP, increasing air flow into the engine, and reducing pulsations in the air flow, thereby increasing power, improving fuel economy, throttle response, driveability, and reducing emissions.

Abstract: A radial compressor has an iris diaphragm mechanism for a pressure-charging device of an internal combustion engine. The radial compressor has a bearing assembly, in which a rotor shaft is rotatably mounted, having a compressor impeller arranged in a compressor housing for conjoint rotation on the rotor shaft and having a fresh air supply channel for carrying a fresh air mass flow to the compressor impeller. The iris diaphragm mechanism is upstream of the compressor impeller, allowing variable adjustment of a flow cross section for the fresh air mass flow for admission to the compressor impeller, at least over a partial region. For this purpose, the iris diaphragm mechanism has multiple lamellae which each have a plate style lamella main body and a pin style actuating element as integral constituent parts of the respective lamella.

Abstract: An object is to provide a supercharging system capable of actively and easily controlling a rotational speed of a turbine generator. A supercharging system includes a compressor driven by an electric motor to pump fluid to an engine, a turbine generator rotated by exhaust from the engine, and a drive device that drives the electric motor by electricity generated by the turbine generator, wherein the drive device includes a rectifying unit that rectifies the electricity generated by the turbine generator, a converter unit that steps up or down a voltage value of a DC voltage rectified by the rectifying unit and outputs the DC voltage, an inverter unit that drives the electric motor using the DC voltage output from the converter unit, and a control unit that controls a change amount of the DC voltage in the converter unit.

Abstract: An exhaust turbocharger includes an exhaust control device provided with an exhaust flap for adjusting an exhaust gas flow flowing through a turbine stage of the exhaust turbocharger during the operation thereof, a control gear coupled to the exhaust flap, and a servomotor via which the exhaust flap can be moved in a regulated and/or controlled manner by operation of the control gear at least between a closing position, in which the exhaust flap closes an exhaust gas opening in a turbocharger housing of the turbocharger, through which exhaust gas flows during the operation of the exhaust turbocharger, and at least one other position in which the exhaust flap allows exhaust gas to flow through the exhaust gas opening. The control gear is a self-locking gear via which the exhaust flap can be prestressed in the closing position thereof in relation to the turbocharger housing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine arrangement for a vehicle, said internal combustion engine arrangement comprising a combustion cylinder housing a reciprocating combustion piston, and an expansion cylinder housing a reciprocating expansion piston, said expansion cylinder being arranged in downstream fluid communication with the combustion cylinder for receiving combustion gases exhausted from the combustion cylinder, wherein the internal combustion engine arrangement further comprises a pressure tank arranged in fluid communication with the expansion cylinder, wherein the internal combustion engine arrangement is further arranged to be operated in a first operating mode in which compressed gas generated in the expansion cylinder is delivered to the pressure tank, and a second operating mode in which compressed gas contained in the pressure tank is delivered from the pressure tank to the expansion cylinder.

Abstract: An engine (5) with a gas supply unit (10) that supplies combustion gas for driving purposes with linear reciprocal movement of a piston (12) is provided. The gas supply unit (10) includes a first combustion chamber (31) provided on a first side of the piston, a first gas outlet (17) that supplies high pressure combustion gas generated in the first combustion chamber for driving purposes, and a second combustion chamber (32) that is provided on a second side on the other side of the piston and generates a second force that moves the piston toward the first side. The engine (5) further includes a piston control unit (60) that controls the position of the piston against a first force of the piston that moves due to combustion in the first combustion chamber and the second force described above.

Abstract: The invention relates to a length-adjustable connecting rod for a reciprocating piston engine, to a reciprocating piston engine, and to a vehicle having a reciprocating piston engine, wherein the connecting rod has a second connecting rod part with a guide cylinder, and a first connecting rod part with a guide shank, wherein the guide shank is accommodated by the guide cylinder and is movable relative thereto for adjustment of an effective connecting rod length, wherein the first connecting rod part has a first stop surface and the second connecting rod part has a second stop surface, wherein lying of the first stop surface against the second stop surface restricts a relative movement between the first connecting rod part and the second connecting rod part in a first direction, and wherein, when the first stop surface lies against the second stop surface, at least a portion of a compressive force acting on the connecting rod along the longitudinal axis of the connecting rod is transferred past the guide shank

Abstract: A gas turbine engine comprising: an engine core; an annular flow passage arranged around the engine core; and a bifurcation extending below the engine core and having a length dimension spanning the annular flow passage. The bifurcation comprises a housing that houses a conduit. The conduit has an inlet at an engine core end of the bifurcation and extends along the length of the bifurcation. The conduit comprises a fire-resistant material and is configured to drain fluid from the engine core and through the bifurcation to an outlet.

Abstract: A turbofan engine assembly including a compressor, an intermittent internal combustion engine having an inlet in fluid communication with an outlet of the compressor through at least one first passage of an intercooler, a turbine having an inlet in fluid communication with an outlet of the intermittent internal combustion engine, the turbine compounded with the intermittent internal combustion engine, a bypass duct surrounding the intermittent internal combustion engine, compressor and turbine, and a fan configured to propel air through the bypass duct and through an inlet of the compressor, wherein the intercooler is located in the bypass duct, the intercooler having at least one second passage in heat exchange relationship with the at least one first passage, the at least one second passage in fluid communication with the bypass duct.

Abstract: A system for regulating a thermal parameter associated with a heat exchange assembly of a turbomachine includes at least one device for measuring or estimating the thermal parameter, a controlled valve acting on the flow rate of a fluid in the assembly, and a regulator including a comparator determining the sign of an error signal relating to the difference between the thermal parameter and a setpoint. The regulator further includes a switch configured to deliver, based on the sign, to a valve control system, a maximum control current switching the valve in a closed state or a minimum control current switching the valve in an open state, and a phase-shifter configured to apply on the error signal a phase advance determined from an estimate of a time constant of the control system.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for a generator for generating power having a rotary union between a rotor and a stator, the rotary union comprising a first fluid passage having a converging nozzle and located within the stator having a first inlet and a first outlet, a second fluid passage having a diverging nozzle and located within the rotor and having a second inlet and a second outlet, the second inlet is aligned with the first outlet and at least one gap located between the rotor and stator.

Abstract: An example arrangement for cooling a gas turbine engine includes an air turbine starter having a turbine section for rotationally driving a compressor through rotation of a shaft. An starter air valve is configured to control a flow of pressurized air that flows downstream towards turbine blades of the air turbine starter. An airflow adjustment device (AAD) is configured to adjust the flow when a manual override feature of the starter air valve is engaged based on a rotational speed of one of the shaft and an additional shaft that is driven by the compressor. A governor is configured to control a degree to which the AAD adjusts the flow. The governor is mechanically linked to the shaft through one or more gears and configured to adjust the AAD such that a rotational speed of said one the shafts does not exceed a predefined threshold during a particular operating mode.

Abstract: A flow rate per unit time of fuel fed to a gas turbine is calculated. A flow rate per unit time of air fed to the gas turbine is calculated. A turbine inlet temperature is calculated through use of a physical model formula expressing a relationship of input and output of thermal energy relating to a combustor of the gas turbine. A fuel distribution ratio for each of a plurality of fuel supply systems connected to the combustor is calculated based on the turbine inlet temperature.

Abstract: Provided are systems and methods of controlling load share in a multi-engine propulsion system. A load share participation value indicative of a load share participation regime for a first engine may be received and a load sharing requirement control command for the first engine may be output. The load share participation value may depend or be based at least in part on one or more operating conditions of a second engine. The load sharing requirement control command for the first engine may depend on whether the load share participation value indicates a full-participation load share regime for the first engine, a partial-participation load share regime for the first engine, or a non-participation load share regime for the first engine.

Abstract: An actuator is provided for driving a turbocharging pressure control valve of a turbocharger. The actuator comprises a motor, an output shaft and a speed reduction mechanism for transmitting rotation of the motor to the output shaft by reducing a rotation speed. The speed reduction mechanism includes at least one gear having a shaft hole, a support shaft inserted into the shaft hole and holding the gear rotatably, and wall portions provided at both ends of the support shaft in a manner sandwiching the gear. The speed reduction mechanism further includes a wear powder holding portion provided radially outside an outer periphery of the support shaft and in at least one of two end portions of the shaft hole and the wall portions in a manner to hold wear powder or foreign substance without scattering.

Abstract: An actuator is configured to drive a boost pressure control valve of a supercharger. The actuator includes: an electric motor; an output shaft; and a speed reducer that is configured to transmit rotation, which is outputted from the electric motor, to the output shaft after reducing a speed of the rotation outputted from the electric motor. The speed reducer has a plurality of gears that include an output gear joined to the output shaft. The plurality of gears further includes a metal gear and a resin gear of a compound gear, which are respectively formed as a large diameter gear and a small diameter gear and are integrated together in one piece. The output gear is a resin gear.

Abstract: An output gear includes a fixing portion, which is joined to a surface-processed portion of an output shaft, and a connecting portion that connects between a toothed portion of the output gear and the fixing portion. A length, which is measured from a center of a boundary surface between the connecting portion and the fixing portion in an axial direction of an axis of the output shaft to one end part of a joint between the surface-processed portion and the fixing portion on a linkage mechanism side along the joint, is indicated by L1. A length, which is measured from the center of the boundary surface to an opposite end part of the joint that is opposite to the linkage mechanism in the axial direction, is indicated by L2. A relationship of L1>L2 is satisfied.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting and mitigating belt slip of an engine front end accessory drive are described. In one example, three different signals are input to a weighted average filter to determine the presence or absence of belt slip so that quality of an indication of belt slip may be improved.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control apparatus includes: a fuel injection valve configured to inject fuel into an internal combustion engine; a catalyst provided in an exhaust passage and configured to clean exhaust gas; a filter provided on a downstream side of the catalyst; a fuel introducing unit configured to introduce the fuel, which is injected from the fuel injection valve, into the exhaust passage from the internal combustion engine in an unburnt state; and a load control unit configured to control an upper limit of a load on the internal combustion engine. In the exhaust gas control apparatus, the load control unit is configured to set, when the fuel is supplied to the exhaust passage in the unburnt state, the upper limit of the load to a second limit value lower than a first limit value, which is an upper limit of the load before the injection.

Abstract: An injector injection amount control device includes: acquiring a measured value of a crank angle that is a rotation angle of a crankshaft of an engine, determining instruction injection amounts of fuel from respective injectors, the respective injectors corresponding to a plurality of cylinders of the engine, estimating a torque arising in each of the plurality of cylinders of the engine based on a non-linear Kalman filter employing an error between the acquired measured value of the crank angle and an estimate value of the crank angle, and correcting the instruction injection amounts for the respective injectors corresponding to the plurality of cylinders such that each of the plurality of estimated torques falls within the same range.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for increasing an efficiency of a purging operation of a fuel vapor storage canister of a vehicle, the fuel vapor storage canister configured to capture and store fuel vapors stemming from a fuel tank of the vehicle. As one example, a method comprises reactivating one or more cylinders of an engine during a purging operation, in response to an indication that the purging of stored fuel vapors from the fuel vapor storage canister is compromised as a result of fuel vaporization stemming from the fuel tank. In this way, the canister may be effectively cleaned even under high fuel vaporization circumstances, which may improve fuel economy and may reduce release of undesired evaporative emissions to atmosphere.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle control system capable of controlling the behavior of a vehicle, in conformity to a tire longitudinal spring constant, to improve responsivity and linear feeling of the vehicle behavior with respect to a steering manipulation. The vehicle control system comprises a steering angle sensor (8) and a PCM (14). The PCM is configured to set, based on a detection value of the steering angle sensor, an additional deceleration to be added to a vehicle (1), and control the vehicle to generate the set additional deceleration in the vehicle, wherein the additional deceleration is set to be larger when a tire longitudinal spring constant (Kt) of each road wheel of the vehicle is relatively small than when it is not relatively small.

Abstract: This engine system is provided with: an engine; an injector; a super charger (including a compressor); an electronic throttle device provided in an air intake passage, the compressor being provided in the air intake passage upstream of the electronic throttle device; an evaporated fuel treatment apparatus (including a canister, a purge passage, and a purge valve), an outlet of the purge passage being connected to the air intake passage upstream of the compressor; and an electronic control unit (ECU). The ECU controls the purge valve in order to perform a purge cut of the vapor from the purge passage toward the air intake passage when determining that the engine has started to decelerate, and thereafter controls the injector in order to perform fuel cut to the engine.

Abstract: An agricultural work vehicle according to an aspect of the invention that can monitor a state of the agricultural work vehicle when the agricultural work vehicle performs agricultural work using a working machine which is attached thereto includes: a vehicle body; a working machine that is attached to the front or rear of the vehicle body and performs agricultural work; an engine that generates a driving force for movement of the vehicle body and work of the working machine; and a monitoring device that determines at least one of whether there is an abnormality in a temperature of a coolant for cooling the engine, whether there is an abnormality in a pressure of an engine oil supplied to the engine, and whether there is an abnormality in the engine when the working machine performs work using the driving force.

Abstract: The controller includes a fuel amount control unit adjusting amount of fuel supplied to a cylinder through feedback control with an air-fuel ratio deviation as input, a target air-fuel ratio adjustment unit alternately repeating a lean period process and a rich period process, and a learning value correction unit updating a learning value to compensate for a steady deviation in an air-fuel ratio. If an absolute value of an oxygen amount deviation is less than a determination value, the learning value update unit updates a learning value only when one of the lean period process and the rich period process is switched to the other one. If the absolute value of the oxygen amount deviation is greater than or equal to the determination value, the learning value is updated both when one of the processes is switched to the other one and when the switching is reversed.

Abstract: A fuel injection device includes a first driver for driving a first valve and a second driver for driving a second valve. A control device performs an open control of the first valve multiple times by using the first driver, for enabling multistage fuel injection from an injection hole in one fuel cycle of an internal combustion engine via a high pressure fuel passage. The control device performs an open-close control of the second valve by using the second driver during an open control of the first valve by using the first driver, for controlling an inclination of injection rate of the fuel injection. The control device stops an output of a drive signal to the second driver when detecting an overheat of a drive circuit based on a temperature detection result of a temperature sensor.

Abstract: A method of operating a fuel injector includes determining an actual energizing time correction value for a fuel injector at a first fuel rail pressure, calculating an extrapolated energizing time correction value by performing a mathematical calculation on the actual energizing time correction value, and controlling the operation of the fuel injector based on the actual energizing time correction value and the extrapolated energizing time correction value.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a cylinder for an internal combustion engine having at least one combustion chamber and a squish area disposed at or around a base of the at least one combustion chamber, wherein the at least one combustion chamber comprises a paraboloidal cavity.

Abstract: A combustion engine housing with cylinder cooling includes at least one cylinder. The cylinder cooling channel has a distribution cross-sectional area having a cross-sectional area through which coolant can flow, in a first cross-sectional plane that is perpendicular to the cylinder axis. In a second cross-sectional plane, which is perpendicular to the cylinder axis and which is arranged in relation to the vertical direction between the first cross-sectional plane and the coolant outflow opening, has a throttle cross-sectional area, which is a cross-sectional area through which coolant can flow. The throttle cross-sectional area is smaller than the distribution cross-sectional area.

Abstract: A vehicle internal combustion piston and method of construction thereof are provided. The piston includes piston body extending along a central longitudinal axis, having an upper combustion wall forming an upper combustion surface and an undercrown surface opposite the upper combustion surface. An annular ring belt region depends from the upper combustion surface, a pair of skirt panels depend from the ring belt region, and a pair of pin bosses depend from the undercrown surface to provide laterally spaced pin bores aligned along a pin bore axis for receipt of a wrist pin. The undercrown surface forms a central undercrown region, and a portion of either an open outer cooling gallery, a sealed outer cooling gallery, or an outer galleryless region, wherein an insulating coating including a thermoset resin, such as a phenolic or epoxy resin, with additives is applied to at least one of the portions of the undercrown surface.

Abstract: Systems and compression assemblies thereof are provided. In one example aspect, a system includes a cooling fluid circuit and a piston slidably received within a chamber of a casing. The casing defines an inlet passage and an outlet passage. The inlet passage receives a cooling fluid, e.g. oil or a refrigerant, from the cooling fluid circuit. The cooling fluid flows into the inlet passage and downstream into an inlet groove defined by the piston along its outer surface. The cooling fluid flows downstream to a cooling channel defined by a piston head of the piston and thereafter into an outlet groove defined by piston along its outer surface. The cooling fluid then flows into outlet passage of casing and is returned to cooling fluid circuit. The passage of cooling fluid through the passages, grooves, and channels removes heat from the casing and the piston.

Abstract: Disclosed is a linkage assembly for a gas turbine engine having a link having a first end, a second end, and a rod extending therebetween, the first end having a first sliding bearing disposed within a first sliding bearing housing, a fastener comprising a first flange and a second flange, a pin extending between the first flange and the second flange, wherein the first sliding bearing is pivotally connected to the pin; and a biasing member secured between the first flange and the sliding bearing housing, the biasing member contacting the sliding bearing housing and biasing the link against rotation about a center axis for the rod of the link.

Abstract: An acoustic liner includes a first face sheet, a second face sheet spaced from the first face sheet, and a plurality of sidewalls extending between the first face sheet and the second face sheet. The plurality of sidewalls defines a plurality of cells. Each cell of the plurality of cells defines a cavity between the first face sheet and the second face sheet. A bulk absorber is disposed within at least one cell of the plurality of cells. The bulk absorber further defines the cavity of the at least one cell of the plurality of cells. The first face sheet defines a plurality of apertures extending through a thickness of the first face sheet. Each aperture of the plurality of apertures is aligned with a respective cell of the plurality of cells.

Abstract: An exemplary gas turbine engine includes a fan section including a fan rotor and at least one fan blade. A fan pressure ratio across the at least one fan blade is less than 1.45, noninclusive of the pressure across any fan exit guide vane system. The engine further includes a low-pressure compressor having a low-pressure compressor rotor that rotates together with the fan rotor at a common speed in operation, and a geared architecture that drives the low-pressure compressor rotor and the fan rotor. The geared architecture has a gear reduction ratio of greater than 2.5. The engine further includes a high-pressure compressor having a pressure ratio greater than 20, a low-pressure turbine having a pressure ratio greater than 5, and a bypass ratio greater than 10.

Abstract: A disclosed turbofan engine includes a gas generator section for generating a gas stream flow and a propulsor section for generating propulsive thrust as a mass flow rate of air through a bypass flow path. The propulsor section includes a fan driven by a power turbine through a speed reduction device at a second rotational speed lower than a first rotational speed of the power turbine. An Engine Unit Thrust Parameter (“EUTP”) defined as net engine thrust divided by a product of the mass flow rate of air through the bypass flow path, a tip diameter of the fan and the first rotational speed of the power turbine is between 0.05 and 0.13 during operation of the turbofan engine.

Abstract: A filter medium is provided with a first layer as a support layer and a second layer as a filtration layer arranged downstream of the first layer. The first layer and the second layer both are provided with at least one active agent that is at least antibacterial. The active agent can be applied as a coating or as an impregnation. Examples of active agents are pyrithione, a metal salt of pyrithione, a pyrithione derivative, a metal salt of a pyrithione derivative, and a quaternary ammonium salt. A filter element is provided with such a filter medium in the form of a filter media pack. The filter medium and filter element can be used in a water injection system for internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A leakage detector for a fuel vapor treatment device includes a fuel vapor treatment device that maintains the interior of a treatment system of the fuel vapor treatment device in a sealed state. In addition, the leakage detector includes; a closing valve and shutoff valve that can shut off fluid communication between the fuel tank and the canister to section the interior of the treatment system into a first region including the fuel tank and a second region including the canister. Further, the leakage detector includes an aspirator that applies a negative pressure to the second region.

Abstract: The present invention disclosed a system for generating and supplying hydrogen gas to an internal combustion engine. The system comprises at least one hydrogen generator unit configured to generate hydrogen gas from water received from a primary water tank connected to the hydrogen generating unit. The hydrogen generating unit is also connected to an electrical control unit of the hydrogen generator unit which controls supply of power from a power supply unit for the electrolysis of water at the hydrogen generating unit.

Abstract: A method of providing electrical power to on-board electrical devices of a vehicle. The engine has an EGR (exhaust gas recirculation loop) which may be a high pressure loop, a low pressure loop, or a dedicated cylinder loop. A catalyzed heat exchanger on the EGR loop has a steam reformation catalyst and a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger uses hot exhaust gas from the main exhaust line to heat the catalyst. A methane fuel source adds methane to the recirculated exhaust stream before it enters the catalyst, and the catalytic reaction increases the amount of hydrogen in the recirculated exhaust. The hydrogen is then delivered to a PEM fuel cell.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including a fuel reformation unit that generates reformed fuel based on liquid fuel and higher in octane rating than the liquid fuel and introduces the generated reformed fuel to an output cylinder. The fuel reformation unit includes a first fuel reformer that includes a reciprocal mechanism where a piston reciprocates in a cylinder, a second fuel reformer that includes a reformation catalyst, and a reformed gas passage that connects the first and second fuel reformers together. First reformed gas discharged from the first fuel reformer is introduced to the second fuel reformer through the reformed gas passage.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a vehicle, system, and method for on-board catalytic upgrading of hydrocarbon fuels. In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a vehicle may include, amongst other things, an internal combustion engine configured to provide motive force to the vehicle, an unreformed fuel subsystem, a reformed fuel subsystem, and a fuel system control architecture. The unreformed fuel subsystem may be structurally configured to transfer unreformed hydrocarbon fuel from the on-board point-of-sale fuel tank to the internal combustion engine. The reformed fuel subsystem may be structurally configured to reform hydrocarbon fuel from the on-board point-of-sale fuel tank and transfer reformed fuel to the internal combustion engine along a reformed fuel supply pathway separated from the unreformed fuel supply pathway. The fuel system control architecture may include a reformate flow control device and a cetane rating controller.

Abstract: Vehicles, systems, and methods for the on-board, electrochemical upgrading of hydrocarbon fuels are provided. In one embodiment, a vehicle is provided where the reformed fuel subsystem comprises an electrochemical cell, a hydrocarbon fuel inlet, an oxidizing gas inlet, an unreacted gas outlet, and a reformed hydrocarbon fuel outlet. The hydrocarbon fuel inlet is configured to direct at least a portion of hydrocarbon fuel originating from the on-board point-of-sale fuel tank to the electrolyte of the electrochemical cell. The oxidizing gas inlet is configured to direct an oxidizing gas to the positive electrode of the electrochemical cell. The positive electrode of the electrochemical cell is configured to form a reduced mediator species from the oxidizing gas. The electrochemical cell is structurally configured to contact the reduced mediator species and hydrocarbon fuel from the hydrocarbon fuel inlet with the electrolyte of the electrochemical cell to upgrade a native octane rating of the hydrocarbon fuel.

Abstract: A cooling control system for an internal combustion engine, which is capable of efficiently driving an electric water pump, thereby improving fuel economy as much as possible while properly performing cooling of supercharged intake air by an intercooler. The engine to which the present invention is applied includes a turbocharger for supercharging intake air and is configured such that electrical power is generated by a generator using the engine as a motive power source, during a decelerating fuel-cut operation in which fuel supply is stopped. The cooling control system of the present invention includes the intercooler of water-cooled type which cools the intake air supercharged by the turbocharger by using coolant circulating through an intake air cooling circuit and an electric pump for circulating the coolant through the intake air cooling circuit, and drives the electric pump during the decelerating fuel-cut operation.

Abstract: A combined mass airflow sensor and hydrocarbon trap is provided for absorbing evaporative hydrocarbon emissions from an air intake duct of an internal combustion engine. The combined mass airflow sensor and hydrocarbon trap comprises a duct that supports a hydrocarbon absorbing sheet in an unfolded configuration within a housing. The duct communicates an airstream from an air filter to the air intake duct during operation of the internal combustion engine. An opening in the housing receives a mass airflow sensor into the duct, such that the mass airflow sensor is disposed within the airstream. Guide vanes extending across the duct reduce air turbulence within the airstream passing by the mass airflow sensor. Ports disposed along the duct allow the evaporative hydrocarbon emissions to be drawn into the interior and arrested by the hydrocarbon absorbing sheet when the internal combustion engine is not operating.

Abstract: A pressure-regulating device for a fuel consumption measurement system includes a fuel supply line which supplies fuel to a consumer, a fuel return line, a bypass line which branches off from the fuel supply line, a pressure regulator which sets a free flow cross-section in the bypass line, a pressure sensor arranged at the fuel supply line downstream of where the bypass line branches off, a control unit electrically connected to the pressure sensor, and a pressure-reducing element arranged in the fuel supply line upstream of the pressure sensor and downstream of the branch of the bypass line. The bypass line fluidically connects the fuel supply line to the fuel return line and feeds fuel from the fuel supply line to the fuel return line while bypassing the consumer. The pressure sensor provides pressure measurement values. The control unit regulates the pressure regulator depending on the pressure measurement values.

Abstract: A device that is used for the electrical connection of a control cable to a plurality of injection valves includes a connecting plug to which the control cable can be plugged, and a plurality of contact points at each of which an electrical connection to one of the injection valves is enabled. Electrical lines are routed from the connecting plug to the contact points, and, at least in come segments the routing is through a housing. The connecting plug has a connecting plug receptacle and a plug element that, in the installed state, is plugged into the connecting plug receptacle and that receives ends of the electrical lines.

Abstract: An injector is provided, comprising an injector body comprising an inlet passage configured to receive fluid, at least one injection outlet configured to deliver fluid, and a central bore, a needle valve disposed for reciprocal movement within the central bore between a closed position and an opened position; and an actuator configured to move the needle valve between the closed position wherein a first portion of a surface of the valve tip engages a first portion of a surface of the injector body to form a first seal that inhibits flow through the at least one injection outlet, and the opened position wherein a second portion of the surface of the valve tip engages a second portion of the surface of the injector body to form a second seal that inhibits flow through the drain outlet.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a ball and a valve seat for a fuel injector, in which an SiO-DLC functional layer having low friction properties is formed as an outermost layer in order to reduce a friction coefficient, a Mo-based material is applied to a bonding layer and a supporting layer for bonding the SiO-DLC functional layer to a base material and supporting the same to improve the heat resistance thereof, and only Mo particles of a pure ion state are deposited so as to form the bonding layer and the support layer, such that adhesive force and bonding force are increased to thus improve durability; and to a method for coating the same.

Abstract: A vehicle propulsion system comprises a combustion engine with a flywheel secured to a crank shaft of the engine. A starter motor and a generator are combined in one electric machine having a stator rigidly connected to a vehicle frame fixed part and provided with windings connected to an arrangement storing electric energy for being fed with electric energy from the arrangement in motor operation of the electric machine and feeding electric energy to the arrangement in generator operation of the electric machine and a rotor connected to the flywheel so as to make the rotor and flywheel rotating in dependence of each other. At least one of the stator and rotor has a member projecting into a recess portion of the other so as to form air gaps for magnetic flux between the rotor and the stator on both sides of the projecting member.