Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described including a left-ventricular assist device that includes a tube configured to traverse a subject's aortic valve, with a distal portion of the tube within the subject's left ventricle. A frame disposed within the distal portion of the tube defines cells, and a width of each of the cells within a cylindrical portion of the frame is less than 2 mm. An inner lining lines at least some of the cylindrical portion of the frame. An impeller is disposed inside the frame such that a gap between an outer edge of the impeller and the inner lining is less than 1 mm. The impeller is stabilized with respect to the frame, such that, during rotation of the impeller, the gap between the outer edge of the impeller and the inner lining is maintained and is substantially constant. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described including manufacturing an impeller by forming a structure having first and second bushings at proximal and distal ends that are connected to one another by at least one elongate element. The elongate element is made to radially expand and form a helical elongate element. An elastomeric material is coupled to the helical elongate element, such that the helical elongate element with the elastomeric material coupled thereto defines a blade of the impeller. The coupling is performed such that a layer of the material disposed around a radially outer edge of the helical elongate element forms the effective edge of the impeller blade. A step is performed to enhance bonding of the elastomeric material to the helical elongate element in a manner that does not cause a protrusion from the effective edge of the impeller blade. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described including a blood pump that includes an impeller configured to pump blood through a subject's body, and a frame disposed around the impeller. The frame defines struts having a structure that is such that, as the frame transitions from a proximal end of the frame toward a center of the frame, the struts pass through junctions, at which the two struts branch from a single strut, in a Y-shape. The structure of the struts of the frame is configured such that, in response to a distal end of a delivery catheter and the frame being moved into overlapping positions with respect to each other, the frame assumes a radially-constrained configuration by becoming axially elongated, and the frame causes the impeller to assume a radially-constrained configuration by becoming axially elongated. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described including manufacturing a housing for an impeller of a blood pump by placing an inner lining around a mandrel, placing a cylindrical portion of a frame around the inner lining, and placing a distal portion of an elongate tube around a portion of the frame. While the distal portion of the elongate tube is disposed around the portion of the frame, the inner lining, the frame, and the distal portion of the elongate tube are heated, via the mandrel, and pressure is applied from outside the distal portion of the elongate tube, such as to cause the distal portion of the elongate tube to conform with a structure of the struts of the frame, and to cause the inner lining and the distal portion of the elongate tube to become coupled to the frame. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described including coupling a rigid tube to a drive cable that comprises a plurality of coiled wires, by placing ends of the drive cable and the rigid tube at a given location within a butt-welding overtube. The ends of the drive cable and the rigid tube are visible when they are disposed at the given location within the butt-welding overtube, via a window defined by the butt-welding overtube. The placement of the drive cable within the butt-welding overtube is such that a helical groove within a portion of the butt-welding overtube is disposed over the drive cable. Welding rings are formed around the butt-welding overtube. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: Systems and methods for improving kidney function. A first mechanical circulatory support system (MCS) is introduced in a patient's heart, and a second mechanical circulatory support system is introduced in a patient's inferior vena cava or renal vein. The second mechanical circulatory support system is operated while the first mechanical circulatory support system is operating. A renal parameter is monitored during. Combined operation of the two mechanical circulatory support systems results in a change in renal parameter, e.g. pressure drop in the renal vein, indicating an improvement in kidney function. Once the renal parameter is determined to be below a target threshold, operation of the second mechanical circulatory support device is stopped.

Abstract: A blood purification apparatus with a blood circuit that allows a patient's blood to extracorporeally circulate and a blood purifier connected to the blood circuit and that purifies the blood in extracorporeal circulation are attachable, the blood purification apparatus including a dialysate introduction line through which dialysate is introduced into the blood purifier; a dialysate drain line through which waste dialysate resulting from blood purification performed by the blood purifier is drained from the blood purifier; and a concentration-detecting unit that detects a concentration of a predetermined substance in the waste dialysate flowing through the dialysate drain line.

Abstract: A system for calculating cardiac output of a patient on an extracorporeal blood oxygenation circuit includes measuring first oxygenated blood flow rate by a pump in the extracorporeal circuit and a corresponding arterial oxygen saturation and recirculation in the extracorporeal circuit, then changing the pump flow rate, such as decreased, to produce a corresponding change in arterial oxygen saturation (wherein such change is outside of normal operating variances or drift), which change in the arterial oxygen saturation and recirculation are measured. From the first flow rate and the second flow rate along with the corresponding measured recirculation and the arterial oxygen saturation, the CO of the patient can be calculated, without reliance upon a measure of venous oxygen saturation. The system also includes an accommodation of oxygenation by the lungs of the patient during the extracorporeal blood oxygenation.

Abstract: An extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus includes a filtration unit (2) connected to a blood circuit (17) and a dialysate circuit (32), a preparation device (9) for preparing and regulating the composition of the dialysis fluid, and a sensor (11) for measuring conductivity of the dialysate (i.e. spent dialysis fluid); a control unit (12) configured for setting a sodium concentration in the dialysis fluid and after setting the dialysis fluid at the initial set point, circulating the dialysis fluid and blood through the filtration unit (2), measuring an initial conductivity value of the dialysate at the beginning of the treatment, and calculating, based on the measured initial conductivity value and on the corresponding conductivity value of the dialysis fluid, the value of the initial plasma conductivity, said circulating of the dialysis fluid up to the calculating of the initial plasma conductivity performed by maintaining the dialysis fluid conductivity substantially constant.

Abstract: A blood purification apparatus to which a blood circuit that allows a patient's blood to extracorporeally circulate and a blood purifier connected to the blood circuit and that purifies the blood in extracorporeal circulation are attachable, the blood purification apparatus including a dialysate introduction line through which dialysate is introduced into the blood purifier; a dialysate drain line through which waste dialysate resulting from blood purification performed by the blood purifier is drained from the blood purifier; and a concentration-detecting unit that detects a concentration of a predetermined substance in the waste dialysate resulting from the blood purification by the blood purifier and flowing through the dialysate drain line.

Abstract: A system for calculating cardiac output (CO) of a patient undergoing veno-arterial extracorporeal oxygenation includes measuring first oxygenated blood flow rate by a pump in the extracorporeal blood oxygenation circuit as introduced into an arterial portion of the patient circulation system and a corresponding arterial oxygen saturation, then changing the pump flow rate, such as decreasing, to produce a corresponding change in arterial oxygen saturation (wherein such change is outside of normal operating variances, operating errors or drift), which change in the arterial oxygen saturation is measured. From the first flow rate and the second flow rate along with the corresponding measured arterial oxygen saturation, the CO of the patient can be calculated, without reliance upon a measure of venous oxygen saturation.

Abstract: An airtrap for a medical or physiological fluid in one embodiment includes a conical housing having a radius that increases from its top to its bottom when the housing is positioned for operation; a medical or physiological fluid inlet located at an upper portion of the conical housing; a medical or physiological fluid outlet located at a lower portion of the conical housing, the inlet and the outlet positioned and arranged so that medical or physiological fluid spirals in an increasing arc around an inside of the conical housing downwardly from the inlet to the outlet; and a gas collection area located at an upper portion of the conical housing. In another embodiment, the airtrap is shaped like a seahorse having a head section and a tail section. Any of the airtraps herein may be used for example in blood sets, peritoneal dialysis cassette tubing, and drug delivery sets.

Abstract: Described is a blood processing apparatus with a blood flow path and a heat exchanger fluid flow path overlapping the a heat exchanger chamber, in which the blood flows generally from a first end to a second end of the blood processing apparatus, and the heat exchanger fluid flows generally from the second end to the first end. Such “counter” or “countercurrent” flow improves heat transfer between the blood and the heat exchanger fluid. The blood processing apparatus includes a housing, a blood inlet, a heat exchanger fluid inlet and a heat exchanger fluid outlet, a heat exchanger core, a cylindrical shell having an annular shell aperture, a blood flow distributor, and a central chamber in fluid communication to a fluid flow distributor.

Abstract: A device for reducing the size of biological tissue according to an embodiment comprises: a plate; and a thru-hole which penetrates the front and the rear of the plate and is defined by a plurality of edges of the plate, wherein each of the plurality of edges comprises a protruding part protruding toward a center part of the thru-hole, and biological tissue may be reduced in size by being scratched and torn by the protruding parts while passing through the thru-hole.

Abstract: A filter material and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The manufacturing method includes hydrophilizing the filter material by supercritical fluid processing technology, so as to filter out white blood cells in the blood.

Abstract: A pre-filled pharmaceutical package comprising a liquid formulation of a VEGF-antagonist, for example Ranibizumab, inside the package. A nonlimiting example of the package can be a syringe, cartridge, or vial, made in part or in whole of a thermoplastic polymer, coated on the interior with a tie coating or layer, a barrier coating or layer, a pH protective coating or layer, and optionally a lubricity coating or layer. Optionally, the package further comprises a bag, a blister, a pouch or any other vessel. Stability performance of the VEGF-antagonist packaged in the coated COP vessel comparable to or better than glass was obtained. The said pre-filled pharmaceutical package comprising a liquid formulation of a VEGF-antagonist is suitable for sterilization (such as for surface and/or terminal sterilization) with sterilization gas residuals being minimal and/or lower than required by ISO 10993-7.

Abstract: A liquid delivery device contains a liquid saturated with a gas in a pressure chamber pressurized to a selected amount. The liquid delivery device may be removed from the pressure chamber to deliver the saturated liquid to a volume.

Abstract: Packages of sterile needles are described herein. Such packages may include a container, a tray having a plurality of receiving apertures that are sized and shaped to receive a needle hub or a needle shield, a plurality of needles disposed within the plurality of receiving apertures; and a lid being supported by the container. The lid and container form an enclosure for the plurality of needles.

Abstract: A fluid channel module for an infusion set component of a fluid infusion device that delivers a fluid to a patient includes a body section comprising coupling features to mate with a base of the infusion set component. The fluid channel module includes an interior fluid flow channel formed within the body section to receive the fluid from the fluid infusion device. The fluid channel module includes a conduit having a first end in fluid communication with the interior fluid flow channel, and having a second end to deliver the fluid to the patient.

Abstract: In one aspect, a system is provided for administering a formulated food solution. The system includes a syringe body having a collar, a barrel, and at least one protrusion. The system includes a handle configured to be hung on a support and a holder body connected to the handle. The holder body has a central opening sized to receive the syringe body. The holder body includes at least one alignment portion configured to engage at least one protrusion of the syringe body and resist turning of the syringe body in the central opening of the holder body.

Abstract: Presented herein are techniques for clinical-based automated control of the delivery of treatment substances to at least one inner ear of a recipient of an implantable medical device. More specifically, in-vivo biomarkers are analyzed to determine a biological state/status of one or more physiological elements of the inner ear. Subsequent delivery of one or more treatment substances to the inner ear of the recipient are controlled based on the determined biological state of the one or more physiological elements of the inner ear.

Abstract: An injector is configured to receive therein a cartridge containing a substance to be dispensed. The injector includes an injector housing and an injector door movably mounted to the injector housing between a fully closed position and a fully open position. The injector door is initially locked in an at least partially closed position preventing insertion of the cartridge into the injector. The injector further includes a controller configured to conduct an initial self-test on operability of at least one component of the injector. The self-test has a single pass or fail outcome, wherein the injector door is unlocked and enabled to be moved into the fully open position, to enable insertion of the cartridge into the injector, solely upon achievement of the self-test pass outcome.

Abstract: An insertion mechanism for a drug delivery device. The insertion mechanism includes a proximal end, a distal end, a first opening disposed near the proximal end, and a second opening disposed in the distal end. A needle or cannula assembly is disposed within the housing and has a base with a proximal surface and a distal surface and a needle or cannula coupled to the distal surface. A retraction member is disposed within the housing to maintain the needle or cannula assembly in the retracted position before movement to the extended position, the retraction member in contact with the base. Upon supplying pressure through the first opening until an amount of pressure P1 applies an application force to the proximal surface of the base that surpasses a resistive force of the retraction member, the needle assembly is moved from the retracted position to the extended position.

Abstract: Systems and methods for drug delivery with pressure sensitive control are disclosed. A drug delivery system may include a reservoir filled or fillable with a drug, a drug delivery device coupled to the reservoir to deliver the drug from the reservoir to a patient, a pressure sensor, an output device, and a controller. The controller may be configured to determine if the drug delivery device has completed delivering a dose of the drug to the patient, and if delivery of the dose of the drug is complete, to measure tissue back pressure using the pressure sensor. Subsequently, the controller may be configured to determine if the tissue back pressure is below a first predetermined value, and if so, control the output device at least once and/or control a mechanism to retract an administration member from the patient.

Abstract: Systems and methods for injecting a drug and detecting tissue induced back pressure are disclosed. A drug delivery system may include a reservoir filled or fillable with a drug, an administration member connected or connectable in fluid communication with the reservoir, a drive assembly, and a pressure sensor. The administration member may be configured for insertion into and subsequently retraction from a patient. The drive assembly may be configured to urge the drug from the reservoir to deliver a dose of the drug to the patient via the administration member. The pressure sensor may be configured to detect tissue back pressure during use of the drug delivery system, including after dose completion and prior to retraction of the administration member. The drug delivery system may be controlled in a manner that accounts for the tissue back pressure measurement.

Abstract: A patient care system has a medical pump for delivering a medicine to a patient, and a processor in communication with the pump. The pump is configured to receive a first input on whether the medicine is a critical medicine, and a second input on a trigger condition that triggers a fail-operate mode for the critical medicine. The processor controls the medical pump to operate in the fail-operate mode, where the fail-operate mode continues delivery of the critical medicine when the trigger condition is triggered.

Abstract: A safety syringe (100; 700; 1200) comprising: a barrel (104; 704; 1204) having an opening at an end thereof; a syringe plunger (108; 708; 1208) configured to move within the barrel such that an inward stroke of the syringe plunger causes a substance within the barrel to be expelled from the opening; and a sheath (112; 712; 1212) configured to cover at least partially the opening in the barrel after use of the syringe, wherein the sheath is coupled to the syringe plunger and is configured to decouple from the syringe plunger at a point on the inward stroke such that the sheath is moveable independently of the syringe plunger and further movement of the sheath after decoupling at least partially covers the opening in the barrel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sealant syringe assembly.

Abstract: An automatic injection device including an injection syringe equipped with a syringe body and with a piston rod mounted movably in this syringe body so as to cover an injection stroke, a piston control member capable of changing between a configuration in which it is in engagement with the piston rod and a configuration in which it is disengaged from this piston rod, mechanism for moving the piston control member between its two configurations with respect to the piston rod. The mechanism for moving the control member between its two configurations includes a camway carried by a disengagement member and a cam carried by the control member. The disengagement member is movable with respect to the piston rod and the syringe body after the end of the injection stroke, in such a way as to cause the camway to interact with the cam.

Abstract: A drive mechanism suitable for use in drug delivery devices is disclosed. The drive mechanism may be used with injector-type drug delivery devices, such as those permitting a user to set the delivery dose. The drive mechanism may include a housing, a dose dial sleeve, and a drive sleeve. A clutch is configured to permit rotation of the drive sleeve and the dose dial sleeve with respect to the housing when the dose dial sleeve and drive sleeve are coupled through the clutch. Conversely, when the dose dial sleeve and drive sleeve are in a de-coupled state, rotation of the dose dial sleeve with respect to the housing is permitted and rotation of the drive sleeve with respect to the housing is prevented. In the de-coupled state, axial movement of the drive sleeve transfers force in a longitudinal direction for actuation of a drug delivery device.

Abstract: An injector includes an injector housing, an activation button assembly translatable from an unactuated position to an actuated position and a cartridge door movably mounted to the injector housing between an open position and a closed position. A deflectable interference member has a resting position configured to limit an insertion depth of a cartridge into an interior channel of the cartridge door to a sealed position, wherein the cartridge piercing needle does not fully penetrate a pierceable septum of the cartridge. Movement of the activation button assembly from the unactuated position to the actuated position thereof, in the closed position of the cartridge door, deflects the interference element out of the resting position thereof, thereby enabling further advancement of the cartridge into the interior channel of the cartridge door to an unsealed position, wherein the cartridge piercing needle fully penetrates the pierceable septum.

Abstract: A female syringe barrel is disclosed, which includes two protrusions provided on a cylindrical portion. A length (Lp) of the protrusion along a direction, perpendicular to an axis of the cylindrical portion and perpendicular to a direction in which the protrusion protrudes from the cylindrical portion, is 2.0 mm to 4.5 mm. A width of the protrusion along an axial direction of the cylindrical portion is 1.0 mm to 2.1 mm. Each of the two protrusions has an inclined surface, which opposes a trailing flank of the screw when the two protrusions are engaged into the screw of the lock adapter, in an end portion close to the barrel body.

Abstract: An injection system includes a handle assembly with a handle body having an outer surface surrounding a handle body interior and a plunger extending therethrough. A tubular handle collar is telescopically received in the handle body exterior and is axially movable with respect to the handle body. A syringe housing assembly is selectively connectable to the handle assembly and includes a syringe housing and a tubular syringe sleeve telescopically received through a distal end of the syringe housing and axially movable with respect thereto. The syringe housing has an exterior side surface surrounding a syringe housing interior configured to receive at least a portion of a syringe. The syringe sleeve has a proximal end, a distal end with a skin contact surface, and a generally cylindrically-shaped outer surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a medicament delivery device comprising a drive means configured to act on a medicament container for expelling a medicament; a holding means configured to hold said drive means in a pre-tensioned state; an activation means configured to interact with said holding means for releasing said drive means from the pre-tensioned state; wherein the device further comprises feedback means configured to interact both with said holding means and with said drive means for generating an audible and/or tactile and/or visual signal indicating that the medicament has been completely expelled.

Abstract: A medicine injection device includes a header including a first connector configured to receive an electrical signal associated with a target analyte from a needle and configured to be connected to the needle, a medicine storage configured to be connected to the needle when the needle and the header are connected and store a medicine, a driver configured to apply an external force to the medicine storage, a controller configured to control the driver to measure an amount of the target analyte based on the received electrical signal, determine an injection amount in response to the measuring being completed, and inject the determined injection amount, and a notifier configured to receive, from the controller, measurement information associated with the amount of the target analyte and injection information associated with the injection amount and provide a user with the received measurement information and injection information.

Abstract: A drive mechanism for a drug delivery device having a rotationally fixed plunger rod driven by a lead screw. The lead screw engages a free lock which is coupled to a release knob. A dose setting dial cooperates with an inner cylinder using a clutch to establish the axial movement of the plunger rod during dose setting and dispensing.

Abstract: A digital syringe is used with conventional polymer disposable syringe construction to be practical in the medical environment. Errors associated with the larger volumes of the syringes (which exacerbate minor errors in plunger position) and the flexibility and dimensional variations of the polymer plungers are accommodated by direct measurement of the syringe plunger position rather than indirect measurement of motor position and inference of syringe plunger position. This direct measurement eliminates mechanical tolerances (“stack up”) in the motor, gear train, and lead screw on plunger movement, an effect exacerbated by flexibility of the plunger and changes in syringe resistance and medicament viscosity, for example, with different medicaments or when the syringe is refrigerated. The digital syringe may be combined with the motor unit to provide additional versatility.

Abstract: Medicinal fluid delivery devices and methods for advancing and retracting needles are disclosed. According to an aspect, a medicinal fluid delivery device includes a tube that defines an interior space that extends between a first and second openings. The device includes a needle including a proximal end and a distal end that substantially align in a first direction. A portion of the distal end is biased to extend in a second direction different than the first direction. A mechanism is attached to the proximal end and configured to position the distal end between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the portion of the distal end is constrained by the interior wall such that is does not extend in the second direction. In the second position, the distal end is not constrained by the interior wall such that it extends in the second direction.

Abstract: A safety needle device is disclosed having a housing configured to couple to a syringe, the housing having a proximal end, a distal end, and a housing body. A needle hub is disposed on the proximal end of the housing and a needle cannula is attached to the needle hub. The device having a retractable sheath configured to move between an initial position, a retracted position and an extended position with respect to the housing, wherein the initial position partially exposes a distal tip of the needle cannula, the retracted position fully exposes the needle cannula, and the extended position fully covers the distal tip of the needle cannula. The safety needle device may include an activation latch, a lockout latch, a tether and a spring element to bias the retractable sheath to an extended state to cover the distal end of the needle cannula upon completion of an injection. The safety needle device may include a slider element disposed above an activation latch. A method of drug delivery is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides medical devices, particularly medical grade needles with removable tips, as well as methods of needle tip installation and removal, and devices therefor. Needle tip installation and removal devices may include needle tip installation and removal tools and kits, including hand held and manipulated tools that facilitate the installation and removal of needle tips, particularly on vascular access port needles. Such installation and removal devices may provide more expedient hook up of the access port for the therapy. Also, the installation and removal of the needle tips may be conducted in a more sterile manner.

Abstract: A gum numbing system includes a wristband configured to be attached to a user' wrist; an electronics housing; two or more finger coverings; two or more gum stimulation assemblies, the two or more gum stimulation assemblies detachably connected to the two or more finger coverings and the two or more gum stimulation assemblies to stimulate a patient's gum before a needle is inserted into the patient's gum; and two or more cables or wires, the two or more cables or wires connecting the electronics housing to the two or more gum stimulation assemblies. The electronics housing is integrated into the wristband or the top surface of the wristband.

Abstract: A syringe assembly includes a syringe and a tamper evident cap disposed over a Luer connection of the syringe, the tamper evident cap having a main body that defines a proximal end defining an opening, a distal end opposite the proximal end along the axial direction, an outer surface, and an inner surface opposite the outer surface that defines a passage to receive a tip cap and the Luer connection, where the tamper evident cap is spaced from the tip cap. The main body further defines a frangible connection between the proximal and distal ends of the main body. The frangible connection can break under a force applied to the distal end of the tamper evident cap such that the proximal end of the tamper evident cap remains engaged with the syringe when the frangible connection breaks.

Abstract: Provided herein is a delivery system, including: (a) an optical sensor configured to detect data to create a map of a patient bodily surface; and (b) a dispenser operatively associated with the optical sensor and configured to deliver compositions (optionally including cells) to the patient bodily surface based upon the data or map. Methods of forming a tissue on a patient bodily surface of a patient in need thereof are also provided, as are methods, systems and computer program products useful for processing patient bodily surface data.

Abstract: An insufflation and smoke evacuation system for use during laparoscopic surgical procedures in an abdominal cavity of a patient is disclosed that includes a pump for circulating pressurized gas within the system, and a dual lumen cannula configured to provide access to the abdominal cavity of a patient, which includes a first lumen communicating with a source of insufflation fluid and a second lumen communicating with the pump.

Abstract: A blister packaging for a pharmaceutical cartridge or capsule and methods of forming same are disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described for use with a vaporizer that vaporizes at least one active ingredient of a plant material. In response to receiving a first input to the vaporizer, the plant material is heated, in a first heating step. An indication of the temperature of the plant material is detected, and, in response to detecting an indication that the temperature of the plant material is at a first temperature, the first heating step is terminated, by withholding causing further temperature increase of the plant material. The first temperature is less than 95 percent of the vaporization temperature of the active ingredient. Subsequently, a second input is received at the vaporizer. In response thereto, the plant material is heated to the vaporization temperature, in a second heating step. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: A multi-night titration (MNT) process to find an optimal single therapeutic pressure of a CPAP device. This single therapeutic pressure can then be used on an on-going basis by the patient after the titration period. The MNT process differs from current auto adjusting processes used for titration (or ongoing use) in that the MNT process does not respond locally by adjusting pressures to individual events. With existing devices, the continuous adjustment of supplied air pressure always responds to one or a small number of events and thus fails to compensate for a patient's adaptation thereto, resulting in the supply of a less than optimal therapeutic pressure to the patient. While auto adjusting processes often capture and respond well to short-term and transient conditions, the MNT process of the current disclosure seeks to capture long term trends and find the most suitable average single pressure for a patient.

Abstract: A method of ventilating a patient controls an actuator, in accordance with a prescribed value for a respiratory parameter, to compress an inflatable bag to cause air to flow out of an output valve of the bag. The respiratory parameter may include tidal volume, pressure, volume limit, peak pressure, I:E ratio, inspiratory time, and/or breathing rate of the air flowing through the output valve. The method also senses the pressure flowing through the output valve, and sends a pressure signal to the controller. Additionally, the method senses the flow rate through the output valve, and sends a flow rate signal to the controller. The method also adjusts the compression of the actuator as a function of the flow rate signal and/or the pressure signal to adjust the output tidal volume, pressure, volume limit, peak pressure, I:E ratio, inspiratory time, and/or breathing rate to be in accordance with the prescribed value.

Abstract: A bronchoscope for insertion into a patient's airways for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The bronchoscope includes a bronchoscope head configured to be releasably secured and sealed to one tube of a set of interchangeable bronchial and/or tracheal tubes.

Abstract: A bronchoscope for insertion into a patient's airways for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The bronchoscope includes a bronchoscope head configured to be releasably secured and sealed to one tube of a set of interchangeable bronchial and/or tracheal tubes.