Abstract: Featured herein is a surgical airway device (10) that is constructed and arranged to be placed into the mouth of a patient to maintain a surgical airway in the patient. Also featured is a method of using such a surgical airway device (10). The surgical airway device (10) has a flange (20) that is constructed and arranged to be located outside of the mouth, an inner tube (21) that defines a working channel (22) defining an anterior opening in the flange (20) and located proximate the lips, and a posterior end (26) located in the back of the mouth. There is an outer tube (70) that is generally coaxial with, spaced from and fully or partially surrounds the inner tube (21), wherein a coaxial gap (80) is located between at least part of the outer tube (70) and the inner tube (21). There is a first lumen (30) that is in fluid communication with the working channel (22) and a second lumen (40) that is in fluid communication with the coaxial gap (80).

Abstract: An interface for positive pressure therapy includes a mask assembly. The mask assembly comprises a mask seal that is adapted to underlie the nose. The mask seal extends up the lateral sides of the nose. The mask seal has a primary seal below the nose and a secondary seal alongside the nose. The mask seal comprises a rolling hinge that permits one portion of the mask seal to deform relative to another portion of the mask seal. In one configuration, the portion of the mask seal that underlies the nose is configured to deform relative to a lower portion of the mask seal.

Abstract: A breathing arrangement includes a patient interface, at least one inlet conduit, and a headgear assembly. The patient interface includes a mouth covering assembly including a cushion structured to sealingly engage around exterior of a patient's mouth in use, a nozzle assembly including a pair of nozzles structured to sealingly engage within nasal passages of a patient's nose in use, and a flexible element connecting the mouth covering assembly and the nozzle assembly. The at least one inlet conduit is structured to deliver breathable gas into at least one of the mouth covering assembly and the nozzle assembly for breathing by the patient. The headgear assembly is removably connected to at least one of the mouth covering assembly and the nozzle assembly so as to maintain the mouth covering assembly and the nozzle assembly in a desired position on the patient's face.

Abstract: Headgear for a respiratory interface comprising multiple separate sections of material joined to form the headgear and different levels of resilient extensibility or stretchability in at least four different parts or straps of the headgear.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a filter apparatus for filtering liquid from a gas, the apparatus having a first housing having a gas inlet and a gas outlet; a first filter media disposed in the first housing; a second filter media disposed in the housing; and a second housing forming a first collection basin disposed in the flow path between the first filter media and the second filter media, so that a path is defined for the gas flowing from the inlet, through the first filter media, past the collection basin, through the second filter media, and to the outlet. The present disclosure also relates to a method of passing a gas through a coalescing filter media and through a hydrophobic filter media.

Abstract: An anesthetic vaporizer system includes a reservoir containing anesthetic agent, an agent level sensor measuring an agent level of the anesthetic agent in the reservoir, a display, and a controller. The controller is configured to receive agent level measurements from the agent level sensor over a time period, and determine the anesthetic agent is being added to the reservoir from an agent source based on the agent level measurements over the time period. A filling status is determined based on the agent level measurements and a filling status indicator is displayed based on the determined filling status.

Abstract: A stress relieving device for vehicles includes a supply unit that sprays cedrol into a vehicle cabin, a detection unit that detects an irritation level and a sleepiness level of a passenger in the vehicle cabin, and a controller that operates the supply unit based on the irritation level detected by the detection unit to cause the cedrol to be volatilized into the vehicle cabin and operates the supply unit to reduce a volatilization amount of the cedrol when the detection unit detects sleepiness. When cedrol is volatilized to suppress irritation in the passenger, a relaxation effect is exhibited, but when relaxation is exceed to promote sleepiness, the volatilization amount of cedrol is reduced to suppress sleepiness.

Abstract: Methods for obtaining a sample from a subject include providing a sample collection room within a retail store or physician's office; and obtaining a sample. Methods for analyzing a sample include providing a sample collection room within a retail store or physician's office; obtaining a sample; and analyzing it. A waiting room; a bathroom; and a pass-through from bathroom to sample collection room may be provided. Sample collection rooms may include a warming table; a warming plate; a finger warmer; a fingertip warmer; an air-warmer; a reclining chair; a calming feature; and adjustable lighting. Samples may be analyzed at the collection location or sent to elsewhere for analysis. Sample collection rooms may house a sample analysis device or system. Samples may be small, e.g., a finger-stick, and may be analyzed in a short period of time, e.g., in less than five hours, or less than four hours.

Abstract: A pull wire can be retracted from a catheter by using a retraction system having an opening sized to pass through the pull wire and engage the catheter, two clamps positioned around the pull wire, a shuttle on which the clamps are mounted, and a slider having at least one contact for contacting and moving one or both clamps. To retract the pull wire, the slider can be moved proximally, the contact(s) can engage one or both clamps on the shuttle, the clamps can move so that the clamps come together and grip the pull wire, and the slider can then be moved further proximally to translate the shuttle, clamps, and pull wire proximally thereby extracting the pull wire from the catheter. The shuttle and slider can subsequently be moved distally without translating the pull wire.

Abstract: The invention features is an embodiment of methods and devices that comprise a multilumen portal vein access device, comprising at least a lumen for passage of a needle or needle-tipped guide wire that is used for piercing the liver from a hepatic vein position to a branch of the portal vein through the substance of the liver, and at least one other lumen that is use for passage of a guide wire, said other lumen and guide wire serving the function of preserving the position of the portal vein access device within the hepatic vein, thereby facilitating multiple attempts at puncturing the portal vein without the need to select the hepatic vein with separate maneuvers between needle advancement attempts.

Abstract: The invention provides a catheter including: a first lumen adapted for draining a first fluid from a subject; a second lumen adapted for passing a second fluid through the second lumen; and a third lumen adapted for passing a third fluid through the third lumen such that the third fluid can exit the third lumen to bathe at least a part of an outside surface of the catheter. The invention further provides a kit and/or system including said catheter and method of use for said catheter.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a catheter tip sized and configured to fit onto a distal end of a catheter shaft, the catheter shaft having a shaft outer diameter. The catheter tip includes a base, a tip having an arcuate shape, an outer surface extending from the base to the tip along a longitudinal axis, the outer surface having a diameter at the base that is substantially equal to the shaft outer diameter, and an inner surface extending from the base, wherein the inner surface defines a first region having a first diameter and a second region having a second diameter, wherein the second diameter is less than the first diameter, and wherein the second region is distal of the first region and configured to receive at least one component extending beyond the distal end of the catheter shaft.

Abstract: An implantable medical device is provided for controlled drug delivery within the bladder, or other body vesicle. The device may include at least one drug reservoir component comprising a drug; and a vesicle retention frame which comprises an elastic wire having a first end, an opposing second end, and an intermediate region therebetween, wherein the drug reservoir component is attached to the intermediate region of the vesicle retention frame. The retention frame prevents accidental voiding of the device from the bladder, and it preferably has a spring constant selected for the device to effectively stay in the bladder during urination while minimizing the irritation of the bladder.

Abstract: Disclosed is a module including: a base; a first drive member; and a second drive member. The second drive member is also mounted so as to be movable relative to the first drive member, in a degree of freedom other than rotational about the second axis, between a first and a second configuration. A motion transmission system transmits the driving movement generated by the drive motor to the second drive member in order to rotate the second drive member about the second axis between the first and second configurations.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods relate to a catheter manipulation handle with user interface controls for steering a catheter in situ while providing an augmented (e.g., motorized, powered and tunable precision steering, and perforation safeguards) control and feedback user experience. In an illustrative example, the catheter manipulation handle may provide motor assisted operation to automatically rotate and/or deflect a distal tip of the catheter to steer and guide the distal tip to a target location in the patient's vasculature system. The augmented feedback may include, for example, haptic feedback via the handle. Haptic, audible, and/or visual feedback via the handle may indicate, for example, proximity or engagement of the distal tip with sensitive tissue. In some examples, the handle's augmented operation may advantageously amplify feedback signals to enhance the user's perception of the patient's safety with respect to the safe passage of the distal tip through the patient's vasculature.

Abstract: A catheter includes a tip electrode with a shell and a support member to provide a plenum chamber. The plug is formed with a U-shaped passage for a safety line to wrap around and secure the support member (with the shell affixed thereto) to the catheter. Additional passages are formed in the plug to accommodate components such as irrigation tubing, lead wire and thermocouple wire pair. A method of manufacture provides distal installation and/or anchoring of the safety line, lead wire and thermocouple wire pair in the support member prior to sealing the support member and mounting the shell.

Abstract: A drain tube immobilization device includes a clasp having a top body section and a bottom body section that are pivotally connected via a hinge along a first end. The clasp transitions between an open position and a closed position, and is secured in the closed position by a locking mechanism. Each of the body sections include a plurality of complimentary-oriented semicircular recesses, that form individual channels when the clasp is in the closed and locked position. Each of the channels including a shape and size that is complementary to the cross-sectional shape and size of a surgical drain tube. A malleable base member is permanently secured along the bottom of the clasp, and medical grade skin adhesive is positioned along the bottom surface of the base member.

Abstract: Fixation devices are disclosed herein that can be used to secure to a catheter. The fixation devices include a body having a central bore extending therethrough to receive a catheter and at least one end having a tapered profile tapering inwardly a distal edge thereof. The body can include an expanded intermediate portion, such as one or more bulbous portions. The fixation devices can also include suture openings or grooves to secure the devices to tissue.

Abstract: A robotic system comprises an instrument including a proximal section and a distal section. The distal section comprises a steerable segment and a distal tip. The instrument also includes a main lumen and a pull wire. The system also comprises a sensor to detect a position of the distal tip of the instrument and a computing device that causes the system to determine, based on a sensor signal, a movement of the distal tip of the instrument in response to insertion of a probe into the main lumen and to generate a control signal based on the determined movement. The system also comprises a drive interface connected to the pull wire at the proximal section of the instrument. The drive interface adjusts a tensioning of the pull wire based on the control signal. The tensioning returns the distal tip of the instrument towards a working configuration before the movement occurred.

Abstract: The invention provides design, material, manufacturing method, and use alternatives for medical devices. An example medical device includes an elongate shaft having a distal region and a coil disposed along the distal region. The coil is formed from a winding member having a first filar region and a second filar region. The winding member has a first cross-sectional diameter along the first filar region, a second cross-sectional diameter different from the first cross-sectional diameter along the second filar region, a first centroid at a first position along the first filar region and a second centroid at a second position along the second filar region. The first centroid and the second centroid are axially-aligned.

Abstract: Devices, systems for localized delivery of a chemotherapy, hormonal therapy or targeted drug/biologic therapy to a target tissue area of an internal body organ of a patient. A catheter 10 forms a sealed treatment chamber in a natural lumen extending through the target tissue area. Air is purged from the chamber, which is then filled with a liquid drug solution for an adequate treatment session time, solution volume and drug concentration to saturate the target tissue area, thereby providing the treatment. The liquid drug solution may be circulated or recirculated through the chamber or maintained stationary therewithin. The drug may saturate the target tissue area and pass therethrough into the lymphatic system or interstitial space, which may serve as a reservoir of the drug for continued therapeutic treatment after withdrawal of the catheter. The chamber is evacuated at the end of the treatment session.

Abstract: An pressure attenuation device for use in a body can include a balloon comprising an outer wall and defining an interior chamber therein. The balloon can be configured to elastically deform up to at least to an internal pressure of 90 cm H2O. A high vapor pressure media having a vapor pressure of between 155 cm-185 cm H2O at 37 degrees Celsius can be positioned within the interior chamber. The balloon can have a minimum wall thickness of between 0.001 inches-0.00175 inches.

Abstract: A catheter device and method are disclosed for transvascular delivery of a medical device to a cardiac valve region of a patient. The catheter device comprises an elongate sheath with a lumen and a distal end for positioning at a target site e.g. a heart valve.

Abstract: A shunt is described that expands to an hourglass shape. As the shunt expands, both of its ends radially flare outwards relative to its middle section and the length of the shunt foreshortens, which causes the flared ends to engage the tissue surrounding a puncture or aperture within a patient's tissue.

Abstract: This invention relates to an airway dilation device comprising a catheter; an inflation tube within the catheter, and having a lumen defined by its inner wall; a duct within the catheter, for the insufflation of a fluid, the duct being sealed against any fluid flow between it and the tube; a cluster of balloons, arranged about the catheter, the balloons being manipulated between a stowed condition, in which the balloons are deflated, and a deployed condition, in which the balloons are inflated; and inflating means, for inflating the balloons; characterised in that, when stowed, each balloon is folded and staggered relative to each adjacent balloon, and such that continuous insufflation remains possible, even when deployed. This invention relates, further, to corresponding methods of deployment of devices.

Abstract: a dilatable balloon catheter, comprising: a guide wire inserted and disposed in the inside of the catheter, an operation portion is fixedly connected to one end of the catheter, a balloon is disposed at the outer side of the catheter remote from the operation portion, the lumen of the catheter and the inner cavity of the balloon are connected by a communication structure provided on the catheter, the guide wire includes a first guide wire and a second guide wire which are separated from each other, the rear end of the first guide wire is connected to insertion-extraction structure in the rear end of the operation portion, the second guide wire is fixed to the inside of the catheter by a fixing process.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of an anal medicinal applicator that have a non-circular shaped shaft provide enhanced medicinal cream efficacy when applied to a pathologic anal canal. The oblong or non-primarily circular shaped shaft enhances the ability of the shaft to more easily be made to move into the folds and contours in the anal canal thereby more evenly spreading medicinal cream on the full surface of the anal canal. Other envision a generally circular (in cross-section) enlarged dome that helps to keep the medicinal cream in the anal canal. Other embodiments include a medicine blocking ring on the shaft near the handle that prevents the medicinal cream from flowing out of the anus when the anal medicinal applicator is being used.

Abstract: A percutaneous access device (PAD) is provided with a reduced likelihood of dislodgment that requires a reduced implantation incision so as to increase the rate of healing and reducing related infection. The PAD has a transdermal anchor in the form of flanged wings that are deployed following the implantation of the device in a patient. A deployment tool is provided to insert the PAD into the subject, and to actuate the flanges. The deployment tool protects the surface of the PAD with an outer cylindrical wall during insertion. The deployment tool has a stabilizer handle that is keyed with a key for insertion into the body or channel of the PAD. The stabilizer key stabilizes the PAD and prevents the PAD from rotating when the outer cylinder is rotated to turn an intermediate disc ring to actuate the flanges outward.

Abstract: A retrograde disposable intravenous (IV) set is disclosed. The IV set includes a diverter housing between upper and lower portions of a fluid line, the diverter housing including a lower end and an upper end extending away from the lower end and the fluid line to a syringe port located in the upper end, and a diverter member within the diverter housing and configured to move within the diverter housing from a first position, at which a first opening through the diverter member forms a first fluid pathway between the upper portion and the lower portion of the fluid line, to a second position, at which the first fluid pathway is blocked and a second fluid pathway is formed between the upper portion of the fluid line and a syringe port. Retrograde infusion may occur when the diverter member is in the second position.

Abstract: A peelable lid system includes a peelable lid, a seal configured to seal the peelable lid to a container, a handle coupled to the peelable lid, and a lifting mechanism coupled to handle. The lifting mechanism can be coupled to the peelable lid at a plurality of attachment points, including at least one attachment point coupled to the peelable lid away from the handle. The lifting mechanism can be configured to lift at least one portion of the peelable lid near each of the plurality of attachment points.

Abstract: An implantable electrode includes an outer tube, which has a distal end and a proximal end, wherein the implantable electrode is connectable in the region of the proximal end to an active device. At least one electrode line is arranged in the outer tube. At least one electrode pole, which is electrically connected to the at least one electrode line, for electrically contacting tissue surrounding the electrode in the implanted state of the electrode is arranged in the region of the distal end. A stub line for extending the electrical length of the at least one electrode line is connected to the at least one electrode line in the region of the distal end or the proximal end.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally pertain to devices and methods for use in conjunction with implanting a baroreflex therapy system which includes an implantable pulse generator and associated circuitry contained within a hermetically sealed housing, an elongate flexible electrical lead connectable to the housing, and a monopolar electrode structure coupled with the electrical lead. More specifically, the devices and methods of the present invention allow for a mapping procedure to be conducted as part of the implant procedure prior to fully implanting the baroreflex therapy system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a single surgical method, procedure and/or system that creates open visual and physical access to an identified spinal treatment site that comprises both targeted vertebral and spinal levels to be treated, wherein the spinal levels comprise at least one dorsal root ganglion. A spinal treatment procedure is performed generally in combination with implantation of a neuromodulation system that may comprise placement of electrical lead(s) on the at least one dorsal root ganglion, wherein each lead is in operative connection with a pulse generator that may also be implanted during the surgical method. Electrical stimulation may be generated with the pulse generator through the electrical leads to the at least one dorsal root ganglion during and/or after the closure of the identified spinal treatment site.

Abstract: Methods for implanting a pulse generator (PG) within a pectoral region of a chest of a patient and devices having the PG. The PG has a housing that includes a PG electrode. Methods also include implanting at least one lead having first and second electrode segments with the first electrode segment positioned along an anterior of the chest of the patient and the second electrode segment positioned along at least one of a posterior of the patient or a side of the patient. The first and second electrode segments are positioned subcutaneously at or below an apex of a heart of the patient, wherein the PG electrode and the first and second electrode segments are configured to provide electrical shocks for antiarrhythmic therapy.

Abstract: A patch for a therapeutic electrical stimulation device includes a shoe connected to the first side of the patch, the shoe including a body extending in a longitudinal direction from a first end to a second end, and having first and second surfaces, the first end of the shoe defining at least two ports, and the first surface of the shoe defining a connection member. The patch also includes at least one conductor positioned in the ports of the first end of the shoe. The shoe is configured for sliding insertion into a receptacle defined by a controller so that the conductor is connected to the controller to deliver electrical current from the controller, through the conductor, and to the electrodes, and the connection member is at least partially captured by a detent defined by the controller in the receptacle to retain the shoe within the receptacle.

Abstract: A device and method for the manual delivery of a therapeutic intervention in response to a physiological state of a user is disclosed herein. The device comprises a sensor, an infusion system, and a singular body-worn component. The sensor is configured to penetrate the stratum corneum to access the viable epidermis or dermis and measure the presence of an analyte. The infusion system is configured to deliver a solution-phase therapeutic agent based on an action of the user or a control algorithm.

Abstract: An electrical method of delivering hyaluronic acid through the skin that includes applying a selected electroporation pulsatile current stimulus, from any device and/or support comprising at least one electrode, the electroporation pulsatile current stimulus being of a character and for a duration sufficient to transdermally deliver hyaluronic acid, for example an aqueous composition, to a biological subject, and transporting different rates of hyaluronic acid across the skin in accordance to the selected current mode.

Abstract: Certain substances (e.g., large molecules) that ordinarily cannot traverse the cell membrane of cells can be introduced into cells by applying an alternating electric field to the cell for a period of time, wherein the frequency of the alternating electric field is selected so that application of the alternating electric field increases permeability of the cell membrane. Once the permeability of the cell membrane has been increased, the substance is able to cross the cell membrane. This approach is particularly useful in the context of cancer cells (e.g., glioblastoma).

Abstract: A facial skin care device and a method of operating the same are disclosed. The facial skin care device comprises an oral insertion module configured to have a structure inserted in an oral cavity and include one or more oral electrodes contacted with a skin in the oral cavity, and a main body configured to include a main electrode connected electrically to at least one of the oral electrode on an outer surface of a facial skin and a current generation unit which is connected to the main electrode and generates current for applying electrical stimulation to the facial skin.

Abstract: This document describes methods and devices for using electrical stimulation to control physiological functions such as breathing of patients suffering from respiratory impairment. For example, this document describes methods and devices for generating effective breaths and airway protection by determining times and depths of breaths in accordance with physiological demand, and coordinating respiratory muscle stimulation with the breaths to control breathing.

Abstract: An implantable neurostimulation system comprises a stimulation delivery lead and a neurostimulator. The stimulation delivery lead is coupled to an electrode. The neurostimulator is adapted to deliver a neurostimulation signal to the subject and comprises a microprocessor. The microprocessor is programmed to identify a stimulation operating window for the therapy including a first threshold and a second threshold. The second threshold comprises an awake level and an asleep level. Identifying the stimulation operating window comprises titrating a stimulation setting of the neurostimulator while the subject is awake until the first threshold and the awake level of the second threshold are identified. Identifying the stimulation operating window further comprises subsequently repeating the step of titrating the stimulation setting of the neurostimulator while the subject is asleep until the asleep level of the second threshold is identified.

Abstract: Provided are devices and methods for providing a flexible implantable tissue stimulator. A flexible implantable tissue stimulator can be use in a variety of medical/surgical procedures, and therapeutic interventions, such as musculoskeletal stimulation therapy. The flexible implantable tissue stimulator can be implanted via a minimally invasive procedure and comprises a biocompatible flexible construction that enables it to conform to a variety of implantation orientations and biological conditions. The flexible implantable tissue can provide programmable biphasic electrical stimulation to impaired tissue, such as a gluteal muscle.

Abstract: A non-invasive method and device for promoting a localized change in a flow of blood through a blood vessel in a limb segment of a body by a series of electrically stimulated contractions of muscle tissue in the limb segment, the method including the steps of: (a) providing a device including: (i) first, second and third electrodes, each adapted to operatively contact the limb segment; (ii) a signal generator, operatively connected to the electrodes, adapted to produce a series of electrical impulses to the limb segment via the electrodes, and (iii) a control unit adapted to control the signal generator to produce the series of electrical impulses; (b) positioning the electrodes on the limb segment, wherein the first electrode is positioned on a lower end of the lower leg, the second electrode is positioned on the lower leg, and the third electrode is positioned on an upper end of the lower leg, whereby the first and third electrodes are disposed on opposite ends of the lower leg, and the second electrode and

Abstract: Systems and methods for selecting, positioning, and controlling cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) electrodes are disclosed. According to an aspect, a CRT system includes one or more electrodes configured to be positioned on or in proximity to a subject's heart for receiving electrical signals carrying EGM data. The system also includes a CRT device operatively connected to the electrode(s). The CRT device is configured to receive the electrical signals from the electrode(s) when the one or more electrodes are positioned in a first arrangement with respect to the subject's heart. Further, the CRT device is configured to determine a second arrangement of the electrode(s) with respect to the subject's heart based on the carried EGM data. The CRT device is configured to present the second arrangement of the electrode(s).

Abstract: An apparatus includes an implantable stimulator to treat sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and at least one electrode associated with the stimulator.

Abstract: A method for treating episodes of apnoea and/or hypopnea is provided. The method has the steps of: a) detecting or predicting an episode of apnoea and/or hypopnea by means of at least one sensor selected from a respiratory pressure sensor, a pulse oximeter, an acoustic sensor and/or a respiratory temperature sensor; and b) emitting an electrical signal by means of an electrical actuator connected to at least one submental nerve and/or muscle, the electrical signal having a bipolar waveform and a frequency between 5 and 100 Hz.

Abstract: A peripheral nerve stimulator can be used to stimulate a peripheral nerve to treat essential tremor, Parkinsonian tremor, and other forms of tremor. The stimulator can have electrodes that are placed circumferentially around the patient's wrist or arm. Specific nerves in the wrist or arm can be targeted by appropriate spacing of the electrodes. Positioning the electrodes on generally opposing sides of the target nerve can result in improved stimulation of the nerve. The stimulation pattern may alternate between the nerves. Improved stimulation algorithms can incorporate tremor feedback, external data, predictive adaptation, and long-term monitoring data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treatment of hypertension and heart failure by increasing vagal tone and secretion of endogenous atrial hormones by excitory pacing of the heart atria. Atrial pacing is done during the ventricular refractory period resulting in atrial contraction against closed AV valves, and atrial contraction rate that is higher than the ventricular contraction rate. Pacing results in the increased atrial wall stress. An implantable device is used to monitor ECG and pace the atria in a nonphysiologic manner.

Abstract: An electrical treatment device (200) includes a treatment content setting unit (302), a treatment execution unit (306), and an output control unit (304) that outputs a pulse voltage at a first frequency within a predetermined frequency range before treatment of a site is performed by the treatment execution unit (306). When the pulse voltage is output at the first frequency, the treatment content setting unit (302) receives input of an electrical stimulation intensity desired by a user. The treatment execution unit (306) executes the treatment of the site by varying the pulse voltage corresponding to the electrical stimulation intensity desired by the user within the predetermined frequency range.

Abstract: A stapedius reflex threshold determination system directs a cochlear implant and a loudspeaker to apply a first electro-acoustic stimulation event to a patient, and determines that a first evoked response that occurs within the patient in response to the first electro-acoustic stimulation event has a level within a predetermined threshold amount of a baseline evoked response level. Based on that determination, the system detects that a stapedius reflex within the patient is not triggered. The system also directs the cochlear implant and the loudspeaker to apply a second electro-acoustic stimulation event to the patient, and determines that a second evoked response that occurs within the patient in response to the second electro-acoustic stimulation event has a level at least the predetermined threshold amount lower than the baseline evoked response level. Based on this determination, the system detects that the stapedius reflex within the patient is triggered.