Abstract: Systems and methods for using sensory threshold and/or adaptation for neurological therapy screening and/or parameter selection. A representative method for establishing a treatment regimen for a patient includes: in response to a first indication of a characteristic of the patient's sensory response to an electrical stimulus, providing a second indication indicating suitability of an electrical signal for delivery to the patient to address a patient condition, wherein the electrical signal has a frequency in a frequency range from 1.2 kHz to 100 kHz.

Abstract: Software for providing a Graphical User Interface (GUI) for use in a clinician programmer for programming an implantable pulse generator (IPG) or external trial stimulator (ETS) is disclosed. A user may define in the GUI multiple pole configurations (e.g., monopoles, bipoles, etc.) which may be used independently to provide stimulation to a patient via the IPG or ETS's electrode array. Selected of the pole configurations can be linked or associated as a group in the GUI and used to concurrently provide stimulation. The pole configuration group may be steered or moved in the electrode array using a single movement instruction which moves all pole configurations in the group simultaneously. This allows the relative positions of the pole configurations in the group to remain constant as the group is moved.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a portable system and method for modulating targeted neural and non-neural tissue of a nervous system to block nerve conduction for the treatment of pain. A high-efficiency portable electrical stimulation system is provided that allows a user to carry the system and move around freely while continuously receiving therapy. The electronic control system is configured to deliver high-frequency electrical stimulation at a therapeutic level, for an intended duration (e.g., up to 24 hours or more) at a manageable and/or comfortable weight for a person, to the target nerve.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed relating to the stimulating of tissue including nerve tissue based on combinations of capacitors and resistors. Application and removal of voltage to an electrical circuit is taught as part of a method of creating voltage waveforms for nerve and other tissue with such waveforms creating neural signals.

Abstract: A method for assessing a patient's suitability for receiving a vagus nerve stimulation therapy includes receiving a criterion regarding the patient's suitability for receiving a vagus nerve stimulation therapy; controlling a stimulation device to provide stimulation to a vagus nerve of the patient; receiving, from a sensor, response data indicative of a physiological response of the patient to the stimulation of the vagus nerve; and determining the patient's suitability for receiving the vagus nerve stimulation therapy based on the criterion and the physiological response of the patient to the stimulation.

Abstract: Systems and methods for a neuromodulation system are provided. In one example, the neuromodulation system includes a stimulation element, a stimulation controller, and a stimulation feedback acquisition system that includes a reference trigger input module configured such that the temporal relationship between a provided stimulation via the stimulation element and the stimulation controller, and a stimulation response received by the stimulation feedback acquisition system can be characterized.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an apparatus for treating neurological disorders comprising (i) at least one electrode implantable in the brain of a patient and (ii) a processing and stimulation device connected to the at least one electrode, wherein the processing and stimulation device comprises (a) at least one stimulation module adapted to generate a stimulation signal to be sent to the at least one electrode, the stimulation signal being characterised by a plurality of parameters, (b) at least one acquisition module of a signal characteristic of cerebral activity coming from the brain of the patient adapted to determine its power in at least one frequency band, and (c) at least one control module of at least one parameter of the stimulation signal as a function of the power of the signal characteristic of cerebral activity acquired, based on a transfer function having a saturating trend, wherein the transfer function is such as to set the at least one parameter (Va, Vd, Vf) of the stimulation signal (Vsti

Abstract: An implantable medical device is configured determine a numerical value of a variable that is monitored by the implantable medical device and convert the numerical value to a data sequence of modulated electrical stimulation rate intervals. The implantable medical device delivers electrical stimulation pulses according to the data sequence of modulated stimulation rate intervals to cause a modulated rate of activation of excitable tissue of a patient corresponding to the modulated stimulation rate intervals. The modulated rate of activation is detectable by a rate monitor for demodulation to the numerical value of the monitored variable data value. In some examples, the implantable medical device is a pacemaker delivering cardiac pacing pulses according to modulated pacing rate intervals to cause a modulated heart rate of the patient detectable by a heart rate monitor for demodulation to the numerical value of the monitored variable.

Abstract: Implantable medical devices include circuitry positioned adjacent to header-related structures, rather than having the header and related structures sitting atop the position of the circuitry within a device housing. A circuit board within the device housing may be positioned adjacently to a lead bore of the header. Feedthrough conductors may extend from the circuitry to conductors of the header while being positioned adjacently to the circuit board. Lead frame conductors may extend to the electrical connectors of the lead bores while also being adjacent to the upper portion of the circuitry. Device height may be reduced by having the circuitry be positioned adjacent to one or more of the various header-related structures.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to implantable medical devices including a welded joint with reduced residual stress. In a first aspect, an implantable medical device is included having a power subunit comprising a first biocompatible electrically conductive shell, an anode disposed therein, a cathode disposed therein, and a lid. The implantable medical device can further include an electronics control subunit comprising a second biocompatible electrically conductive shell, and a control circuit disposed therein. Both of the first and second biocompatible electrically conductive shells can include first and second opposed wide sides, first and second opposed narrow sides, and four rounded corners. The first shell can be welded to the lid around a perimeter thereof forming a weld line. The weld line can have a weld line terminus and the weld line terminus can be positioned on a narrow side or a rounded corner. Other embodiments are also included herein.

Abstract: Inductive wireless power transfer systems are provided for medical devices, such as implantable medical devices (IMDs). The systems may comprise a transmitter unit and a receiver unit and may be configured for transferring power and/or signals from the transmitter unit to the receiver unit and/or vice versa. The transmitter unit may comprise an energy source, a transmitter antenna, and a supply line connected in between the energy source and the antenna. The receiver unit may comprise a receiver antenna and a rectifier output. The transmitter antenna and the receiver antenna may be configured to provide a wireless power transfer link. The supply line may comprise a virtual resistance unit, which may be configured to provide a virtual resistance, which may be determined such that the rectifier output provides a substantially constant or less varying charge current over a predetermined distance range, for a large range of implant depths.

Abstract: A neurostimulator implant includes an insulating member and an elongate circuitry unit. The circuitry unit includes (a) a first electrode, disposed on an outer surface of a first end portion of the circuitry unit; (b) a second electrode, disposed on an outer surface of a second end portion of the circuitry unit; and (c) circuitry, disposed inside the circuitry unit, and configured to be wirelessly powered to drive an electrical current between the first and second electrodes. The circuitry unit is disposed alongside a medial part of the insulating member, bulging away from the insulating member to define a generally arced portion of the implant. Lateral parts of the insulating member extend laterally outward from the medial part to define lateral zones laterally beyond the circuitry unit. The second side of the insulating member defines a generally flat side of the implant. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing a trial neurostimulation to a patient for assesssing suitability of a permanently implanted neurostimulation are provided herein. In one aspect, a trial neurostimulation system includes an EPG patch adhered to a skin surface of a patient and connected to a lead extending through a percutaneous incision to a target tissue location. The EPG may be a modified version of the IPG used in the permanent system, the EPG may be smaller and/or lighter than the corresponding IPG device. The EPG and a lead extension may be sealed to allow improved patient mobility and reduced risk of infection. The EPG may be compatible with wireless systems used to control and monitor the IPG such that operation and control of the EPG is substantially the same in each system to allow seemless conversion to the permanently implanted system.

Abstract: Transbody communication systems employing communication channels are provided. Various aspects include, for example, an in vivo transmitter to transmit an encoded signal; a transbody functionality module to facilitate communication of the encoded signal; and a receiver to receive the encoded signal. Methods and apparatus are also provided.

Abstract: A biostimulator, such as a leadless cardiac pacemaker, including a fixation element that can be locked to a helix mount, is described. The fixation element includes a fastener that engages a keeper of the helix mount. When engaged with the keeper, the fastener locks the fixation element to the helix mount. Accordingly, the fixation element does not move relative to the helix mount when the biostimulator is delivered into a target tissue. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.

Abstract: A plasma treatment unit having a high-voltage stage (5, 6), arranged in a housing, for generating high-voltage signals suitable for the generation of a plasma, and having a head part (2) which is connectable to the high-voltage stage (5, 6) and in which there is situated an electrode arrangement (13) shielded by a dielectric (9), is suitable for plasma treatments in particular in the body interior by virtue of the fact that the head part (2) has an elongate transition piece (10) which is attachable to the housing and on that end of which which is not connectable to the housing there is arranged a treatment head (16, 16?), the dimensions of which perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the transition piece (10) greatly exceed the dimensions of the transition piece (10), and that, in the treatment head (16, 16?), the electrode arrangement (13) forms a spatially closed flexible sheath (12) around a resiliently elastic core (14) and is covered at its outer lateral surface by a thin layer (15) of the flexib

Abstract: As described herein, the combination of one or more cannabinoids with non-thermal plasma in therapeutically effective amounts synergistically improves the effects of both. A method of treating a condition of a subject using non-thermal plasma includes applying a cannabinoid vehicle comprising at least one cannabinoid topically to skin of the subject, and, using a device that generates the non-thermal plasma, applying a therapeutically effective amount of the non-thermal plasma to the subject and the cannabinoid vehicle applied to the subject. The condition may be insomnia or pain in soft tissue of the subject, and the method can include the cannabinoid vehicle onto an area of the skin near the soft tissue and operating the device to emit the non-thermal plasma at a plasma frequency of between 100 Hz and 10,000 Hz onto the area of the skin for between 20 and 40 minutes.

Abstract: Systems and method for destroying or inhibiting cancer cells and other rapidly-dividing cells include applying AP magnetic fields having a frequency of 0.5-500 kHz and a field strength of 0.5-5 mT to a target body area that includes the cancer or other rapidly-dividing cells.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and components thereof enable stimulating synthesis of new collagen and elastic fibers in superficial tissues, of a human or other living subject by introducing magnetic particles into the superficial tissue and activating the magnetic particles by application of magnetic field to stimulate synthesis of new collagen and elastic fibers.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus is disclosed, comprising: a first light source having a first spectral light distribution with a first light intensity peak about a first peak wavelength, and a second light source having a second spectral light distribution with a second light intensity peak about a second peak wavelength being different from the first peak wavelength, a third light source having a third spectral light distribution with a main light intensity peak about a third peak wavelength being different from the first peak wavelength and from the second peak wavelength, wherein the illumination apparatus is configured to provide adjustment of light intensity of the first light source and of light of the second light source, wherein the illumination apparatus provides an adjustment of light intensity of the third light source to compensate for the adjusting of the relative light intensity between the first light source and the second light source.

Abstract: Systems and methods for automatic, customized radiation treatment plan generation for cancer are disclosed. According to an aspect, a method includes receiving data indicating anatomy information of a patient and radiation beam characteristics of a radiation therapy system. Further, the method includes determining energy levels for application of radiation beams to the patient.

Abstract: A fastener applicator includes a body portion including a handle assembly, a cartridge assembly supported within the body portion, the cartridge assembly including implantable fasteners, a drive assembly supported within the body portion and operatively coupled to the cartridge assembly to engage the implantable fasteners, and an actuation assembly supported within the handle assembly and operatively coupled to the drive assembly to fire a distal-most implantable fastener upon actuation of the actuation assembly. At least one of the implantable fasteners includes a body including a tissue facing surface, a tissue penetrating portion extending from the body, and a capsule affixed to the tissue facing surface of the body, the capsule including radioactive material.

Abstract: Systems and methods for calculating radiotherapy dose distribution are provided. The systems and methods include operations for receiving data representing at least one of particle trajectories or a dose deposition pattern in a simulated delivery of a radiotherapy plan; applying a dose calculation process to the received data to generate a first radiotherapy dose distribution having a first level of detail; and processing the first radiotherapy dose distribution using a trained machine learning technique to generate a second radiotherapy dose distribution having a second level of detail that enhances the first level of detail.

Abstract: Improved radiation therapy with field-in-field multi-leaf collimator, utilizing leaf sequencing Field-in-Field's (FIF) to accurately reproduce the input fluence map or original optimized dose distribution. The number of apertures used is constrained to a user-specified value all the way down to as few as 2 apertures which significantly magnifies the effect of poorly formed apertures. The disclosed invention further includes producing fluence maps with a homogenous dose throughout the treated volume utilizing leaf-sequencing Field-in-Field that reproduces more precise input fluence maps to yield optimized dose distribution.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a radiotherapy support apparatus has processing circuitry. The processing circuitry obtains an activity level distribution representing radiation resistance in a tumor area of a subject, and produces a first treatment plan in which a radiation administered dose to the tumor area changes within the tumor area in accordance with the activity level distribution.

Abstract: A more accurate radiotherapy is implemented by using a vessel marker for radiotherapy having a deformation fixed shape for engaging with the inner wall of a vessel by deformation after being inserted into the vessel, and a position notification shape for notifying an outside of a radiation irradiation position. Also provided are a radiotherapy support method for supporting radiotherapy to be performed by using the vessel marker, a radiation irradiation control apparatus that irradiates, with radiation, a patient in which the vessel marker is indwelled, and a vessel marker indwelling support apparatus to be used when indwelling the vessel marker.

Abstract: A brachytherapy after loader device (100), comprises at least one transmit wire (102) that is suitable for being inserted and driven in an advance or retract motion in an external first delivery channel (103) and for delivering drive energy to a test field source (104), which is arranged at a distal end region of the transmit wire, for generating a magnetic test field; at least one receive wire (106) that is suitable for being inserted and driven in an advance or retract motion in an external second delivery channel (105) for a measurement of the magnetic test field, the receive wire having a transducer (108) that is configured to detect magnetic-field changes in the magnetic test field; and a wire driving unit (110) which is configured to controllably advance or retract the transmit wire and the receive wire in response to a corresponding test drive control signal (112).

Abstract: A neurosurgical ultrasonic focusing assisted three-stage atomization cooling and postoperative wound film forming device has a transducer housing and a nozzle, wherein a horn is arranged in the transducer housing, at least two layers of piezoelectric ceramic sheets are arranged at the top of the horn, an electrode sheet connected with an ultrasonic generator is arranged between two adjacent layers of piezoelectric ceramic sheets, the bottom of the transducer housing is of a hemispherical structure, and a plurality of piezoelectric elements connected with the ultrasonic generator are arranged inside the hemispherical structure; and the nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the horn and connected with a medical nanofluid storage cup, compressed gas can also be introduced into the nozzle, and an electrode is also arranged inside the nozzle.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides implants, sensor modules, networks, and methods configured to establish transcutaneous power and transcutaneous bidirectional data communication using ultrasound signals between two or more medical devices located on and within a body of a patient.

Abstract: An apparatus having an implantable ultrasound generating treating device to induce brain disorder treatment, suitable for implantation in or under the skull bone of a patient, includes several ultrasound generating transducers, which are connectable by a common electrical connection circuit to a generator, and wherein the ultrasound generating transducers each have one or several operating frequencies. The transducers include the group of transducers having several transducers driven by a same electrical drive signal, and connected to the generator system by a common electrical connection circuit, where the electric drive signal serves both as power signal and as a control signal for operating selectively, within said group, at least one or the other of a first transducer or sub-group of transducers, and of a second transducer or sub-group of transducers. The apparatus is also used to treat brain disorders.

Abstract: Features for high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) are described. The application of HIFU for ablating tissue may be monitored in real time by imaging bubbles generated during HIFU. A single transducer array may be used by fast switching between imaging and HIFU. For imaging, the array or portions thereof may be used in receive only mode to locate bubbles generated by the HIFU. The application of HIFU, such as location and/or intensity, may be adjusted based on information from the imaging of the bubbles. Physicians and/or others may use these systems and methods to monitor HIFU procedures in real-time for optimal ablation of target tissue with minimal damage to healthy tissue.

Abstract: A dentifrice composition having a low water phase comprising effective amounts of polyphosphate and ionic active ingredients.

Abstract: An escape system, including escape panels, locking components, and support assemblies disposed around a building exterior wall on several or all of the building floors. The escape panels surround the building exterior wall to form a closed passage. First ends of the escape panels are rotatably attached to the building exterior wall, and second ends are detachably attached to the building exterior wall by means of the locking components. One end of each support assembly is attached to an escape panel and the other end is movably attached to the building exterior wall, for example in a rotatable or slidable attachment.

Abstract: A dry material moving machine system; the dry material moving machine system includes a portable or stationary dry material moving machine including a power unit powering the dry material moving machine and connected to a positive air blower or blowers having an air inlet, an outlet in communication with a delivery line, a dry media hopper including a feeder unit configured to direct dry material to the delivery line, and a hose reel. The delivery line is connected to and in communication with a hose to direct the dry material to a fire in order to suppress and extinguish the fire. The dry material is used to constrict an oxygen supply to bring about fire containment quickly through a smothering effect.

Abstract: A fireproof assembly for an aircraft engine, comprises a fireproof housing having an internal volume and an opening. A fireproof internal shield is located within the fireproof housing. The internal shield divides the volume into a first sub-volume and a second sub-volume, the first sub-volume configured for receiving a component of the aircraft engine. A non-fireproof component seals the opening of the fireproof housing. Fireproof fasteners are used to support internal shield inside the housing.

Abstract: Described herein are liquid fire retardant concentrate compositions comprising mixtures of ammonium phosphate fire retardants. Specifically, liquid fire retardant concentrate compositions comprising one or more of monoammonium phosphate (MAP), diammonium phosphate (DAP), and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) are described herein. The ammonium phosphate fire retardant(s) is typically suspended and/or dissolved in a liquid, typically with the fire retardant(s) incorporated into the composition in powder, or granular form. In certain aspects of the present invention, the compositions provided may exhibit one or more advantages as compared to current liquid concentrate fire retardants, including enhanced strength (i.e., a higher proportion of fire retardant component per unit volume), reduced toxicity, and/or reduced corrosion.

Abstract: Provided is a foamed dust composition and a method of using the foamed dust composition. The foamed dust composition contains an aqueous foam comprising a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer, water, and a rock dust. The foamed dust composition is sprayed onto coal mine surfaces to prevent coal dust explosion in the event of a fire.

Abstract: A braided bridge includes a mounting cable. The braided bridge further includes a first component configured to couple to the mounting cable, where the first spoke component includes one or more spokes and a second spoke component configured to couple to the mounting cable. The one or more spokes of the first spoke component are configured to fold and couple the second spoke component to the first spoke component.

Abstract: A treadmill includes a frame; a front running belt pulley; a rear running belt pulley; a plurality of bearings coupled to the frame; a running belt at least partially supported by at least one of the front running belt pulley and the rear running belt pulley, the running belt including a running surface, at least a portion of which is curved; a support element coupled to the frame; and a safety device coupled to the running belt. The safety device is at least partly supported by the support element. The running belt freely rotates in a first direction of rotation relative to the frame, however, in a second direction of rotation, opposite the first direction of rotation, engagement between the support element and at least a portion of the safety device substantially prevents rotation the running belt relative to the frame.

Abstract: A device for an exercise apparatus includes a linear adjustment system and a sensor coupled to the linear adjustment system. The exercise apparatus includes a loading interface and a frame coupled to the loading interface for performing an exercise. The linear adjustment system fixes the loading interface of the exercise apparatus at any one of a plurality of functional positions in a functional range of the loading interface. The sensor measures the force exerted on the linear adjustment system. A correlating mechanism is used to correlate the force exerted on the linear adjustment system with the force exerted on the loading interface. The device allows exercisers to exert high or maximum loads in any one of a plurality of positions throughout their entire range of motion without first passing through a weak range of motion.

Abstract: Cable and power rack exercise machine. An exercise machine may include a frame, a resistance mechanism supported by the frame, a first pull cable and a second pull cable supported by the frame and linked to the resistance mechanism, and a power rack attached to the frame. The power rack may include a first upright post configured to have a first barbell holder adjustably attached thereto and a second upright post configured to have a second barbell holder adjustably attached thereto. The first barbell holder may be adjusted in various positions between a first highest position and a first lowest position on the first upright post. The second barbell holder may also be adjusted in various positions between a second highest position and a second lowest position on the second upright post.

Abstract: Example travel exercise equipment includes a barbell including a first end portion and a second end portion and a pair of yokes. Each yoke includes a base and a pair spaced-apart yoke arms extending from the base. The bases being adapted to be coupled to a corresponding end portion of the barbell. The travel exercise equipment includes a pair of containers having handles adapted to be carried by a corresponding yoke.

Abstract: Apparatus for bi-directional ankle exercise movements has a main frame with a seat and upwardly extending columns at either side to support a “U” shaped sub-frame, mounted so that it pivots about a horizontal axis passing very nearly through the ankles of a seated user and interconnecting linkages simultaneously enforcing ankle inversion, with plantarflexion and then ankle aversion, with dorsiflexion, about perpendicularly intersecting axes, while resisting such movements, so as to provide bidirectional ankle exercises according to a progressive resistance program, thus strengthening the ankle muscle groups for enhanced balance and dynamic stability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reversibly installable modular fitness area including a plurality of modules, variously assemblage due to common stable and reversible connection system, which when joined together give rise to stage-like structures, each of which including one or more equipment pieces for carrying out fitness exercises. Especially opposite support modules have slingshot arm shape, and each of the stages is equipped with a display illustrating how to perform the exercise.

Abstract: A system and non-intrusive method for exercise posture detection are provided. The system includes a mat, at least one sensor matrix comprising one or more sensors and configured to generate an electrical signal upon making a contact by the user with the mat, a plurality of sensor lines, a plurality of power lines and a processing subsystem. The processing subsystem includes a data acquisition module configured to extract a first set of data, to extract a second set of data; a data processing module to process the first set of data and the second set of data, to concatenate the first set of data and the second set of data to get a final set of data, to compare the final set of data with a pre-defined set of posture data, to determine the posture of the at least one exercise.

Abstract: Disclosed is training equipment made for developing and strengthening muscles or joints with exercises to overcome the opposing force with or without measuring instruments; also person's movements in a virtual reality modeling system. The invention is a complex which consists of an originally constructed running training machine adapted to the current task and having two degrees of freedom at least, hardware and software equipment realizing the functions of user's positioning by controlling both the movement of the treadmill track and the slopes of the treadmill, depending on the terrain of the virtual underlying surface. Positioning system can be built using different sensors and feedback channels. Terrain reading from a virtual model is based on a computing device generating data arrays from the underlying surface elevation field, which can be built, for example, based on photogrammetry data and providing visualization of a three-dimensional model of the world, for example, through virtual reality glasses.

Abstract: An inclinable rebounding exercise device comprising at least one inclinable rail having an upper and a lower end; an adjustable support assembly that allows the at least one rail to be adjusted to a desired inclination angle; a sliding platform slidably mounted with respect to the at least one rail; a support base; a foot platform assembly including a pair of resilient, independent foot platforms coupled to the support base. The pair of resilient, independent foot platforms allow for a soft landing achieved by absorbing energy therein, reducing joint stress and allowing greater muscle exercise.

Abstract: A treadmill is provided. A rotation device rotatably supporting a track unit of the treadmill includes a pair of bearing trains rotatably installed at a frame structure and including a plurality of first bearings arranged along a movement direction of a belt to guide a movement of an upper region of a pair of belts and a front rotation module and a rear rotation module rotatably installed at the frame structure and respectively arranged at a front side and a rear side of the pair of bearing trains. At least one of the front rotation module and the rear rotation module includes a pair of rotation members arranged spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to a rotation direction thereof and a pair of rotation support units supporting the pair of rotation members such that the pair of rotation members rotate individually.

Abstract: A climbing exercise apparatus having homolateral and contralateral modes of operation may include a frame supporting generally vertically oriented movable slide members in spaced apart relationship to one another. The slide members may include foot supports secured at the lower distal ends thereof and handlebars in adjustable telescopic relationship with the slide members. Handgrips may be rotatably mounted proximate the upper distal ends of the handlebars. The handgrips may be rotatably about a canted axis which is canted relative to the longitudinal axis of the handlebars and selectively locked for homolateral and contralateral operation of the climbing exercise apparatus.

Abstract: A User Lift Exercise Apparatus is provided which has a base frame member with a seat support member coupled thereon and which moves upward and downward in a controlled manner. The apparatus also has a user engagement member which pivotally mounts to the front of the base frame member. The user engages the front portion of the user engagement with their thighs and pivots the leg engagement member in the downward direction. The back portion of the user engagement member will thus move upward, and it is coupled to the seat support member so that this upward movement produces movement in the seat support member. Therefore the downward pivoting motion of the front of the user engagement member will produce upward motion in the seat support member, and vice versa. This allows the user to perform exercise routines on the lower body muscles areas while in a relatively seated position.