Abstract: A filter element group for a filter device for filtering a fluid may include a ring-shaped working filter element, a ring-shaped protective filter element, an assembly device, and a securing device. The working filter element may include a ring-shaped working filter body, a first outer end plate, and a second outer end plate. The protective filter element may include a ring-shaped protective filter body, a first inner end plate, and a second inner end plate. The securing device may be adjustable between a securing state where the cover plate is axially secured to the second outer end plate and a release state where the cover plate is axially removable from the second outer end plate. When in the securing state, the securing device may secure the cover plate to the second outer end plate preventing rotation of the cover plate in the circumferential direction.

Abstract: Systems and methods for priming a fuel filtration housing are provided. In some embodiments, a system for filling a fuel filtration housing may include a cover sized and shaped to releasably engage an opening to a first chamber of a first fuel filtration housing, a first seal coupled to the cover, and a pump. In some embodiments, the cover, the first seal, and the pump may be arranged such that when the cover is pressed against the opening of the first fuel filtration housing and the pump is operated, the first seal engages one or more surfaces of the first fuel filtration housing and a first low pressure zone is formed within the chamber of the first filtration housing. The first low pressure zone may have a pressure that is lower than a pressure within a first fuel supply tank coupled to the first chamber such that a first liquid within the first supply tank flows into the first chamber.

Abstract: A water purifier structure includes a container assembly and a buffer unit mounted in the container assembly. The container assembly includes a housing and a cap unit. The housing has a first receiving section and a second receiving section. The second receiving section of the housing is provided with a retaining portion. The buffer unit is mounted in the second receiving section of the housing and includes a positioning ring secured in the retaining portion of the housing, and a cushioning member mounted in the positioning ring. The cushioning member is elastically movable in the positioning ring. When the cushioning member is compressed by a force, the cushioning member is contracted and elastically deformed toward the second receiving section of the housing, to form a buffering force.

Abstract: An in-tank filter assembly for an industrial fluid reservoir tank includes a filter assembly mount with tank coupling elements to secure the assembly mount to a tank, and wherein the mount includes an inlet connection configured to be coupled to the an inlet line of the tank; a bypass structure configured to selectively open allowing flow to flow around the filter element into the tank in bypass operation; and a disposable filter element including at least a top end cap and a bottom end cap with filter media extending between the top end cap and a lower end cap, wherein the filter assembly forms a bowl-less in tank return line filter having inside-out flow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a filtering assembly for filtering at least one fluid flowing in particular in a hydraulic motor or device, comprising: —a filter body which comprises a vessel and a cover which are configured to engage with one another in order to enable the filter body to close, —a tube, in particular a central tube, inside the filter body extending along a longitudinal axis (X), —a removable filter cartridge which is housed in the filter body and includes an upper end plate, a lower end plate and a filter medium which extends between the upper end plate and the lower end plate, the filter cartridge having a tubular opening for surrounding the tube, characterized in that the cover has a circular rib which is formed such as to project into an inner space of the filter body, and in that the upper end plate has a circular edge which is designed to sealingly engage radially and inwardly with said circular rib of the cover.

Abstract: A water separation group is for a fuel filtration and separation assembly of a vehicle fuel circulation system. The assembly extends along a longitudinal axis positionable in the vehicle in a horizontal position having a filtration group. The water separation assembly is associable to the filtration group for receiving filtered fuel, being positioned in series along the longitudinal axis. The water separation assembly has a main body defining a separation chamber and at an axial end, an outlet wall with an outlet mouth. A separator is accommodated in the separation chamber. A blocking device is below the separator to prevent the return of water to the separator. The blocking device has a blocking surface extending longitudinally forming an angle that inclines at least a portion of the blocking surface to allow water separated from the fuel to flow towards the outlet wall from which the blocking surface extends.

Abstract: Provided is a granular filtration media comprising a mixture of granular filtration media and less than 2.5% of nanofibers based on the dry weight, method of making the same and uses of the same for removing contaminants from water, including metals, heavy metals, synthetic or natural organic matters, colloidal or suspended particles to improve the chemical safety and purity of water for the purpose of water purification, specifically, one embodiment of the present invention disclosed is use of the granular filtration media to remove particulate lead from high pH water.

Abstract: Filtration systems having filter elements having an axial seal member with a variable cross-section are described. The variable cross-section is matched by the non-planar sealing surfaces of the housing and housing cover that receive the filter elements. The non-planar sealing surfaces of the housing and the housing cover prevent proper filtration system function when an unauthorized replacement filter element having a flat axial seal member is installed in the housing.

Abstract: A method for cleaning a particulate matter filter is discussed. The particulate filter can include an inlet and an outlet, where the outlet includes openings to a plurality of outlet channels, and the inlet includes openings to a plurality of inlet channels. The outlet channels and the inlet channels are separated by a filer barrier. A fluid nozzle is positioned in contact with the outlet of the particulate filter over a first set of outlet channels. Fluid form the fluid nozzle is injected into the first set of outlet channels. While injecting the fluid, the position of the fluid nozzle is changed such that the fluid nozzle is positioned over a second set of outlet channels.

Abstract: A filter element for adsorbing harmful gases from a fluid flow includes: a frame and a plurality of filter bodies arranged at a distance next to one another in the frame. A respective filter body has a plurality of openings. A respective filter body is connected to at least one other of the filter bodies via a respective contact element configured for electrical dissipation. The filter bodies are arranged in matrix form, the filter bodies are formed as honeycomb bodies, and/or the filter bodies comprise activated carbon.

Abstract: An integrated vortex separator (IVS) is disclosed. The IVS includes a housing in communication with a waste inlet via which a waste stream is drawn under suction into a waste tank. In a first stage, the waste stream is drawn into a centrifugal vortex flow to facilitate the removal of solid and liquid waste from the waste stream, leaving a primary airstream. Within the housing, a filter assembly includes outer and inner inverted cones with a conical cavity therebetween, the cavity serving as a second stage into which the vortex flow is redirected to remove additional liquid from the airstream. Radial vanes extending inward from the outer cone define portals between adjacent vanes, through which the redirected vortex flow is isolated from the original vortex flow. Exhaust ports in communication with the conical cavity allow the substantially moisture-free airstream to be drawn from the IVS via a vent line.

Abstract: Ammonia removal equipment including a first ammonia removal apparatus that removes ammonia in a mixed gas containing hydrogen and ammonia, a second ammonia removal apparatus that is installed at a stage subsequent to the first ammonia removal apparatus and that treats a first treated gas treated by the first ammonia removal apparatus, and a first ammonia concentration measurement apparatus that measures the ammonia concentration in the first treated gas treated by the first ammonia removal apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aircraft environmental control and fuel tank inerting coupling system based on a membrane separation method. The dehumidification of gas in an aircraft environmental control system and the separation of oxygen and nitrogen in a fuel tank inerting system are realized respectively, based on the selective permeability of a membrane to water vapour/air and oxygen/nitrogen. In the coupling system, part of drying gas passing through a membrane dehumidification heat exchanger (5) enters a membrane air separator (9), and the other part thereof is cooled through a large expansion turbine (8) and then directed into a cockpit for refrigeration; and nitrogen-rich gas generated by the membrane air separator (9) is directed into a fuel tank for inerting. Oxygen-rich gas is mixed with gas supplied by the environmental control system, thus increasing the oxygen content of gas supplied by the aircraft cockpit.

Abstract: Installation for membrane permeation treatment of feed gas flow containing at least methane and carbon dioxide including first, second, and third membrane separation units and at least one compressor B for aspirating the second permeate, a permeate from the first membrane separation unit being fed to the third membrane separation unit, a retentate from the first membrane separation unit being fed to the second membrane separation. After measuring the aspiration pressure and methane concentration of the second permeate before it is recycled to the feed, the pressure of the second permeate is adjusted according to the measured aspiration pressure and methane concentration.

Abstract: A method, scrubbing solution and apparatus for removing a H2S scavenger, for example dithiazine, from a gas stream uses an acidic solution to convert the H2S scavenger to a salt. The acidic solution may be a phosphoric acid solution.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing mercury content of cement kiln exhaust gas 11 comprising: a mixing and heating device 19 for mixing cement kiln dusts D2, D4 included in a cement kiln combustion exhaust gas G1 into a cement raw material R2 withdrawn from a cyclone 4C (or 4B) other than the highest stage cyclone 4D and the lowest stage cyclone 4A of a preheater 4 for preheating cement raw material R1 while heating the cement kiln dusts D2, D4 through sensible heat of the cement raw material R2; a mercury recovery device 21 for recovering mercury Hg vaporized from the cement kiln dusts D2, D4 by the mixing and heating; and a feeder for feeding mercury-removed dusts D5, D6 discharged from the mixing and heating device 19 to a cyclone 4B (or 4A) positioning at a lower stage from the cyclone 4C (or 4B) from which the cement raw material R2 is withdrawn.

Abstract: A gas-liquid contacting apparatus and method are described, in which at least one rotor assembly including packing is arranged in a contacting chamber containing at least one stator assembly including at least one heat exchanger arranged to thermally modulate the gas-liquid contacting so that each stator assembly is operatively arranged with each stator assembly to provide gas-liquid contacting at temperatures effective for mass exchange between the gas and liquid. The rotor and stator assemblies may be of annular shape, or may be of disk shape in a stacked array of rotor assemblies alternating with stator assemblies. Such apparatus and method are usefully employed for CO2 capture from CO2-containing flue gases such as combustion effluents from power generation plants.

Abstract: The invention discloses a preparation method and application of in-situ high-efficiency degradation carbon based material of VOCs in landfill based on waste regeneration, which comprises the following steps: air drying the agricultural and forestry wastes to a moisture content of 0.001 wt % 20 wt %, and the agricultural and forestry wastes mainly include: straw, wheat straw, leaves, branches, weeds, crushing them to a particle size of 0-50 mm with a grinder, and then using urea or amide as modifier The nitrogen enriched biochar was prepared by mixing the crushed agricultural and forestry wastes with a mass ratio of 1:50-1:10; the nitrogen enriched biochar was prepared by retorting the nitrogen doped agricultural and forestry wastes at 300-600° C. for 20-60 min, and then cooling them rapidly; the nitrogen enriched biochar was mixed with the sewage sludge with a moisture content of 90-98 wt.

Abstract: A nanocarbon separation device includes a first porous structure configured to hold a solution containing a surfactant, a second porous structure configured to hold a dispersion medium, a holding part provided between the first porous structure and the second porous structure and configured to hold the dispersion liquid containing the nanocarbons and the surfactant and having a smaller content of the surfactant than that of the solution, a separation tank in which the first porous structure, the holding part and the second porous structure are disposed and accommodated in an order of the first porous structure, the holding part and the second porous structure, a first electrode provided on a lower section of the first porous structure, and a second electrode provided on an upper section of the second porous structure.

Abstract: Improved reverse osmosis (RO) systems include at least first and second stages wherein each stage has at least one RO membrane, each stage has a feed stream inlet, a permeate stream outlet, and a concentrate stream outlet, the feed stream inlet of the second stage is coupled to the concentrate stream outlet of the first stage, the second pressure is greater than the first pressure, and pressure exchangers associated with each of the first and second stages are configured to recover energy from the second stage concentrate stream. The systems include M reverse osmosis membranes in the first stage and N reverse osmosis membranes in the second stage, wherein M?N. The first pressure and second pressure are configured so that spatial variance in flux of the first stage permeate stream relative to flux of the second stage permeate stream is minimized.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis filtration system includes a set of two or more reverse osmosis pressure vessels coupled in series, each pressure vessel having one or more reverse osmosis membrane elements, a feed inlet, a retentate outlet, a permeate outlet. The pressure vessels are coupled so that each successive pressure vessel has (a) its feed inlet coupled to the retentate outlet of its preceding pressure vessel and (b) its permeate outlet coupled to the permeate outlet of its preceding pressure vessel. The permeate outlet of at least one pressure vessel includes a front permeate outlet and the permeate outlet of at least one other pressure vessel includes a back permeate outlet. The back permeate outlet of one pressure vessel is coupled to the front permeate outlet of a successive pressure vessel.

Abstract: A system for separating a suspension of biological cells is disclosed comprising a single-use fluid circuit and a durable hardware component. The fluid circuit comprises a separator having a housing that includes an inlet for introducing the suspension of biological cells into the gap, a first outlet in communication with the gap for flowing a first type of cells from the separator, and a second outlet in communication with the second side of the filter membrane for flowing a second type of cells from the separator.

Abstract: A metal coated polymer membrane, a method for the production thereof, an electrofiltration device, or an electrosorption device, and a method of electrofiltration and electrosorption using a metal coated polymer membrane. The polymer membrane is coated with metal using Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD).

Abstract: A filter module (10) has a housing (12) which is subdivided by a membrane filter (14) into an inlet chamber (16), which is connected to an inlet connecting piece (22) arranged rigidly on the housing (12), and an outlet chamber (18), which has a filtrate outlet (20). The inlet connecting piece has two connectors, specifically a first connector (26) and a second connector (28), which connect selectively and fluidically to the inlet chamber with a 3-way valve (24) integrated into the inlet connecting piece. The valve has a first entry, which is connected to the first connector, a second entry, which is connected to the second connector, and an exit, which is connected to the inlet chamber. The first connector is configured as an adapter for outwardly sealed coupling of a culture medium bottle (30), which coupling permits a gravity-driven exchange of liquid with the first entry of the valve.

Abstract: The invention relates to a self-supporting highly moisture-permeable heat-insulating aerogel film and a preparation method thereof. The aerogel film is a self-supporting single-layer film with a SiO2 porous skeleton structure, having a thickness of 150 ?m to 300 ?m, which increases an exchange rate of vapor by 50% to 200%, and reduces a heat conductivity coefficient by 50% to 90%. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) preparation of a template; (2) hydrolysis of nano-cellulose; (3) preparation of an aerogel film; and (4) post-treatment of the aerogel film.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are asymmetric thin-film composite membranes and methods of making and using the same. Also included herein are asymmetric thin-film composite membranes for preventing and/or reducing microfouling or macrofouling. Additionally included herein are asymmetric thin-film composite membranes for preventing and/or reducing biofilm.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are ceramic selective membranes and methods of forming the ceramic selective membranes by forming a selective silica ceramic on a porous membrane substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a MeAPO-18 supported membrane comprising a MeAPO-18 crystal layer on a porous support, wherein the obtained MeAPO-18 supported membrane as a lamellar crystal morphology. The invention is also directed to the said membranes and to their use.

Abstract: Continuous permeable graphene films having 2 or more layers of graphene and wherein nanochannels or nanopores extend through said film. Each nanochannel is comprised of a fluidly connected series of gaps between edge mismatches of adjacent graphene grains within said 2 or more layer adjacent sheets, said nanochannels providing a fluid passage from one face of the permeable graphene film to the other. Also, membranes including a permeable support membrane overlaid by a continuous permeable graphene film and processes for the preparation of said membranes. Also the use of said membranes in water purification and desalination, for example.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a separation membrane element is a manufacturing method for a spiral-wound type separation membrane element including a perforated hollow tube and a laminated body that includes a separation membrane and is wound around the hollow tube. The manufacturing method includes pressing a press member against a portion of the laminated body that is wound around the hollow tube. The pressing presses the press member to satisfy respective relations defined by formulas (1) and (2): 0.1×Ps1?Pe??(1), and 0.1×Ps2?Pe??(2).

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite semipermeable membrane, which has excellent oxidant resistance (chlorine resistance) and salt rejection property, and a method for producing the same. The composite semipermeable membrane has a skin layer, which includes a polyamide-based resin obtained by polymerization of a polyfunctional amine component and a polyfunctional acid halide component and is formed on the surface of a porous support. The polyfunctional amine component includes an alicyclic diamine. The skin layer has an absorption peak intensity of at least 0.03 that is obtained by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) transmission method and originates in the stretching vibration of C?O in the amide groups.

Abstract: Described herein is a graphene and polyvinyl alcohol based multilayer composite membrane that provides selective resistance for solutes to pass the membrane while providing water permeability. A selectively permeable membrane comprising a crosslinked graphene with a polyvinyl alcohol and silica-nanoparticle layer that can provide enhanced salt separation from water, methods for making such membranes, and methods of using the membranes for dehydrating or removing solutes from water are also described.

Abstract: The invention concerns a gas mixer (1) comprising a first mixing vessel (42) and a second mixing vessel (52); a first line (22) for providing a first gas and a second line (32) for providing a second gas, the first and second lines (22, 32) being in fluid communication with the first mixing vessel (42) and with the second mixing vessel (52) for proving said first and second gases to said first and second mixing vessels (42, 52); and a third line (12) for providing a third gas, said third line (12) being in fluid communication with the second mixing vessel (52).

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards a rotary compression mixer for providing the user with a rotary compression mixer wherein the user can directly manipulate the resultant electrical charge imbalances or coherence domains of a liquid. The motor of the rotary compression mixer recirculates liquids and gases within the liquid container, while simultaneously compressing the liquid while moving the gases and liquids centrifugally outward towards the liquid container.

Abstract: Embodiments of a system and a method for continuously manufacturing a joint compound can be used to produce ready mix joint compound. The system includes means for continuously mixing wet and dry joint compound ingredients together and means for homogenizing multiple volumetric units of mixed joint compound to reduce variation in at least one joint compound material property (e.g., viscosity) across multiple successively produced volumetric units of mixed joint compound (relating to standard commercial packaging sizes for joint compound, such as five-gallon pails, for example) relative to the material property of the respective multiple volumetric units before passing through the means for homogenizing.

Abstract: Various implementations include an aeration device. The aeration device includes a venturi tube and an outlet tube. The venturi tube has an outlet port and an air intake port. The outlet tube has a first end coupled to the outlet port of the venturi tube, a second end opposite and spaced apart from the first end, and an intermediate portion disposed between the first and second ends of the outlet tube. The intermediate portion is helically shaped and extends around a helical axis of the intermediate portion. The intermediate portion extends at least one rotation about the helical axis.

Abstract: Flow straightener (434; 43B) comprising a cylinder (44) having an inlet mouth (46) and an outlet mouth (47), the cylinder (44) being internally provided with a helical rib (45) running on an inner surface (450) of the cylinder (44), wherein a ridge (456; 460) of the helical rib (45) follows a cylindrical helix with pitch p wrapped around a cylindrical volume having diameter d coaxial with the cylinder (44), whereby the ridge (456; 460) of the helical rib (45) delimits a clear central cylindrical section of the cylinder (44) having diameter d, wherein the helical rib (45) has a front main surface (457), facing the inlet mouth (46), and a rear main surface (458), facing the outlet mouth (47), the front main surface (457) forming with the inner surface (450) of the cylinder (44) a front angle ? that is obtuse, whereby 90°<?<180°.

Abstract: A mixer system comprising a sealed tube (2) provided with inlets and outlets (4,5) for a process fluid which is rotatable in arcs around the longitudinal axis of the tube (3) and contains one or more blades (11) mounted at each end on a blade carrier (10) supported within the tube (3) in a manner that allows the one or more blades (11) to rotate in the same direction and angular velocity (in degrees per second) as the tube (3) rotates in arcs and the use of such a system as a reactor and/or for mixing.

Abstract: A system and method for introducing a slurry mixture for making gypsum board is disclosed. The system includes, for example, a mixer, a foam injector, and a canister for mixing and moving a slurry mixture of foam and gypsum slurry. Also included in the system is an apparatus having a funnel body constructed and arranged to further mix the slurry mixture. The funnel body includes a number of baffles projecting from its inner wall towards a center and that are spaced around the inner wall. The baffles induce turbulence into the slurry mixture as the slurry mixture moves towards its outlet, thus further mixing the mixture and reducing the flow rate of the slurry mixture before its exits from the outlet for depositing onto paper to form the gypsum board.

Abstract: A fluid supply pipe comprises a tubular body and an internal structure. The tubular body has an inlet through which a fluid flows in and an outlet through which the fluid flows out, and is of a hollow shape having an inner wall surface of a circular cross section. The internal structure is a prismatic shaft having a plurality of lateral faces configured to be housed in and fixed to the tubular body. A plurality of pillars are arranged in a mesh pattern on the lateral faces. A space formed between the plurality of pillars between the lateral faces of the internal structure and the inner wall surface of the tubular body serves as fluid flow paths, and the fluid is given a flow characteristic by passing through the flow paths between the plurality of pillars while the fluid is supplied from the inlet and flows out of the outlet.

Abstract: A discharge system includes a mixing vessel and a feedstock input in fluid communication with the mixing vessel. A solvent input is in fluid communication with the mixing vessel. A discharge output is in fluid communication with an outlet of the mixing vessel to discharge effluent. A method for generating turbulence on a liquid surface within a discharge system includes supplying a mixing vessel with feedstock fluid and solvent fluid to generate a liquid mixture and a gas pocket in the mixing vessel. The method includes supplying an impinging solvent fluid through a nozzle extending from a first end of the mixing vessel to generate a roiling surface at an interface between the gas pocket and the liquid mixture and permit uptake of gas from the gas pocket into the liquid mixture.

Abstract: A mixer for synthetic quartz includes a mixing barrel (1), a power transmission system (2), a mixing system (3), and multiple material receiving receptacles (4). The power transmission system is provided above the mixing tank. The mixing system is provided inside the mixing tank. The power transmission system is used to drive the mixing system to move. An opening is arranged at each of two ends of the material receiving receptacle. The multiple material receiving receptacles (4) are arranged at a top portion of the mixing tank, and end portions of two adjacent material receiving receptacles are spaced apart from each other without contact there between. A resin experiences low flow resistance in the material receiving receptacle, and thus can fall smoothly without accumulating in the material receiving receptacle. Moreover, the material receiving receptacle can be cleaned easily.

Abstract: A method is useful for triboelectrically charging chemically conditioned bulk salt mixtures by mechanically moving the bulk salt mixture in a container by at least one vertical mixer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to containers for holding liquid samples. The containers may be useful for mixing a liquid sample or lysing cells in a liquid sample. The invention also relates to methods of using the containers of the invention.

Abstract: A means for retaining particulate matter, for use in process equipment operated with a fluid, including: a particle retention chamber, a means of suspension, a means of fastening, a support, wherein the particle retention chamber is configured to be suspended from the support by the means of suspension; the means of fastening is configured to fasten the means of suspension to the support.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a device for filtration and distribution of a gaseous phase and a liquid phase, which can be disposed upstream of a fixed catalytic bed of a reactor operating with a descending co-current of gas and liquid, comprising: a solid plate on which substantially vertical risers are fixed, said risers are open at their upper and lower ends and have openings over at least a fraction of their height; a plurality of removable baskets capable of retaining at least one filtration medium, each removable basket being defined by an ellipsoidal vertical wall or by at least three vertical lateral walls and a bottom, the vertical walls and/or the bottom being permeable to a gas and to liquid. Each basket is provided support means cooperating with a riser of the plate in order to support the basket.

Abstract: Axial reactor for exothermic or endothermic chemical reactions, comprising at least a first catalytic bed (3) and a second catalytic bed (4) operating in series and at least one heat exchanger (5) between the two catalytic beds, wherein the first catalytic bed has a collector bottom (6) having a box-like structure with flat and parallel walls, which are gas-permeable, and a plurality of parallel channels (15, 16) defined between the walls, wherein a first series of said channels collects the gaseous flow exiting the catalytic bed and passing through the first wall, said gaseous flow is directed towards the heat exchanger, and the flow exiting the exchanger is directed towards the second catalytic bed via a second series of said channels of the collector bottom.

Abstract: A method for forming a lipid membrane vesicle includes: filling a chamber with a first aqueous solution by introducing it to a liquid flow path facing a microreactor chip hydrophobic layer main surface; forming a first lipid monolayer membrane in an opening part of the chamber filled with the solution; forming a second lipid monolayer membrane on a layer interface of the organic solvent formed on the main surface of the hydrophobic layer with a second aqueous solution by introducing the solution to the liquid flow path; allowing a first aqueous solution form in the chamber to alter to a spherical droplet covered with the first lipid monolayer membrane; and forming a lipid membrane vesicle by moving the droplet to a position of the second lipid monolayer membrane by applying a physical action, and by zipping the first lipid monolayer membrane covering the droplet and the second lipid monolayer membrane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to extended release microparticles comprising a drug, and a preparation method therefor, and when the extended release microparticles comprising a drug are administered in order to replace conventional drugs that should be administered daily or monthly, the drug administration effect can be continuously maintained for one week to three months. In addition, the drug administration effect is maintained for a long time and, simultaneously, microparticles are prepared so as to have the average diameter of a fixed micro-size, and thus an effective drug concentration can be constantly maintained by controlling the release of the drug from the microparticles, and a foreign body sensation and pain can be reduced during drug administration since microparticles having a uniform size are included during application as an injectable drug.

Abstract: The methods described herein, referred to as particle-templated emulsification (PTE), provide an improved approach for generating a monodisperse emulsion that encapsulates target particles of interest without requiring the use of a microfluidic device. Monodisperse droplets may be effectively obtained by using monodisperse particles to template the formation of droplets, which can include, e.g., monodisperse single-emulsion droplets, multiple-emulsion droplets, or Giant Unilamellar Vesicles (GUV), without destroying the integrity of the droplets.