Abstract: An example embodiment of a method is disclosed for making a component including a high entropy alloy (HEA). The method includes combining a reaction component with a powdered HEA precursor to form a solid HEA feedstock. The solid HEA feedstock is converted into a powder suitable for use as a powder feedstock in an additive manufacturing device and capable of sustaining a self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) reaction. At least a portion of the powder feedstock is additively manufactured into a preformed shape approximating a desired shape of the component. The preformed shape is filled with the HEA powder feedstock. The powdered HEA precursor in the preformed shape are ignited to induce the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) reaction, thereby forming a stable HEA component approximating the desired shape.

Abstract: To provide an apparatus for producing a metal powder and a method of producing a metal powder capable of obtaining a metal powder having a finer particle size of excellent quality. A supersonic combustion flame is intensively injected into a downwardly supplied molten metal, the intensive combustion flame is jetted directly downwardly as a focused jet flow, the focused jet flow thrusts into a turning water flow formed along an inner peripheral surface of a pulverization cooling cylinder whose axis line is inclined from a vertical direction, and an intensive position of the combustion flame is in an open space above the turning water flow.

Abstract: Provided is a coated cutting tool of long tool life and that affords superior machined surface quality. A coated cutting tool includes a substrate, and a coating layer formed on the substrate. The coated cutting tool includes at least one flank face, at least one rake face, and a honing section rounded and connecting the flank face and the rake face. The coating layer includes a lower layer, an intermediate layer and an upper layer, in this order from the side of the substrate. The lower layer is composed of one, or two or more Ti compound layers made up of a Ti compound of Ti and at least one element selected from the group consisting of C, N, O and B. The intermediate layer contains ?-type Al2O3. The upper layer contains a compound represented by following formula (1): Ti(C1-x-yNxOy) (1). An average thickness of the coating layer on the flank face side is 5.0 ?m more and 30.0 ?m or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cutting tool comprising a main part which extends along a longitudinal center axis or rotational axis, at least one cutting insert holder mounted on the main part such that it can be radially adjusted, and an adjusting device for adjusting the position of the cutting insert holder relative to the main part. The adjusting device comprises a threaded sleeve which is non-rotatably but axially movably mounted in the main part and a screw drive driving the threaded sleeve.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cutting tool comprising a main part that can be rotationally driven about a rotational axis, at least one cutting insert holder mounted on the main part such that it can be radially adjusted, and an adjusting device for adjusting the position of the cutting insert holder relative to the main part. The cutting insert holder is mounted in a guide recess in the main part such that it can be moved transversely, preferably radially, to the rotational axis, and the adjusting device has an adjusting element that is arranged such that it can be moved inside the main part transversely to the rotational axis and transversely to the displacement direction of the cutting insert holder and supports the cutting insert holder.

Abstract: A diamond coating includes a first diamond layer made of minute diamond particles and a second diamond layer made of coarse diamond particles: in a flank-face side diamond coating, a mean coat thickness d2 is not less than 3 ?m and not more than 25 ?m, a first diamond layer is formed on a surface side and a second diamond layer is formed on a tool base side: a rake-face side diamond coating is in a smaller range of 50 ?m or 1/10 of a tool diameter from a tip of a base cutting-edge part; in the rake-face side diamond coating, a mean coat thickness d1 is a smaller one in a range not less than 0 ?m and not more than 5.0 ?m or a range less than d2: and a boundary part between the first diamond layer and the second diamond layer.

Abstract: An adjustable cartridge for a boring bar includes a support structure including a surface for abutment with a peripheral area of a boring bar. A load-bearing structure mounts a cutting insert assembled to be movable in a first direction on the support structure. An adjustment mechanism is arranged to adjust the position of the load-bearing structure in relation to the support structure. The adjustment mechanism includes at least a first elastic means arranged to exert force against a first surface of the load-bearing structure, and an adjustment part disposed between the support structure and a second surface of the load-bearing structure and arranged to contact and to be movable in a second direction relative to the support structure and the load-bearing structure. The adjustment part has a surface that forms an acute angle with the second direction and is disposed in contact with a second surface of the load-bearing structure.

Abstract: A tool holder used in a machine having a spindle is provided with a connector including a truncated conic part received in the spindle, and a projection extending out of the truncated conic part; a tool mounting member including an axial hole for fastening a tool and a portion of a chuck, and a receptacle for complimentarily receiving the projection; and at least one sleeve formed of a material having a high rigidity, each sleeve including a cavity at one end, the cavity being configured to complimentarily receive the projection, and a protrusion at the other end, the protrusion being configured to complimentarily attach to the receptacle. The connector, the at least one sleeve, and the tool mounting member are secured together.

Abstract: The invention relates to a machining tool (2) for processing a bore in a workpiece, in particular for simultaneous processing of a plurality of bores distanced from one another by a predefined distance, said machining tool having a cutting body (8) extending in the direction of a tool longitudinal axis (4) and having at least one cutting element (12) arranged circumferentially, and a guide body (10), which adjoins the cutting body (8) in the direction of the tool longitudinal axis (4), is fastened to the cutting body (8) and has at least one circumferentially arranged guide element (20). The guide body (10) is free of cutting elements (12) and the guide body (10) is designed to exert a preload force such that, during use, the at least one guide element (20) is preloaded against a bearing for the guide body (10).

Abstract: A method is provided for processing a workpiece by means of a drill, wherein the drill extends along a longitudinal axis and has a drill tip with a nose angle (S) that is less than 180°, wherein the drill has a lateral surface, on which at least one side blade is formed, which is designed for milling by means of a feeding in a transverse direction (Q) to the longitudinal axis (L), wherein the workpiece has a surface (O), through which a drill hole is drilled, in that in a first step a plane surface is milled into the surface (O) and subsequently in a second step the drill hole is drilled from the plane surface outwards, wherein the plane surface is milled by means of the side blade of the drill in that it is fed forward in a transverse direction (Q) to the longitudinal axis (L), wherein the drill hole is drilled by means of the same drill in that it is fed forward in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L). Further, a corresponding drill is provided.

Abstract: According to one implementation, a rotary cutting tool includes: a body without a back taper; and a cutting edge part integrated with the body. The body has a flow path of a cutting oil inside the body. The cutting edge part has a first supply port that supplies the cutting oil toward a workpiece. The body has at least one second supply port that supplies the cutting oil to a clearance formed between a bush for positioning and the body. The bush is used by being inserted in the body.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an engine-driven tool (1) comprising a rotatable work tool (2), an engine (4) that is arranged to propel the rotatable work tool (2), a shielding cover (8) for shielding the rotatable work tool (2), and a dust channel (11) that is formed between the shielding cover (8) and the rotatable work tool (2). A dust hose (14) is arranged to connect the dust channel (11) to a dust container (17) and an electrically driven fan (16) that is arranged to convey air from the dust channel (11) into the dust container (17) via the dust hose (14). The engine-driven tool (1) comprises an electrical generator (18) that is electrically connectable to the fan motor (26) and is arranged to be at least indirectly driven by the engine (4). The electrical generator (18) is furthermore arranged to generate an electrical current when driven, where said electrical current at least indirectly is arranged to propel the fan motor (26).

Abstract: A mobile machine tool (10), namely a manually-operated machine tool or semi-stationary machine tool, for machining a workpiece (W), wherein the machine tool has a plate-like guide element (30) with a guide surface (32) for guiding the machine tool on the workpiece (W) or the workpiece (W) on the machine tool, wherein the machine tool has a drive unit (11) with a drive motor (13) for driving a tool holder (14) arranged on the drive unit (11), wherein the drive unit (11) is, by means of a bearing arrangement (35), mounted adjustably on the guide element (30) in order to adjust at least two adjustment positions (S0, S1, S2) of the tool holder (14) relative to the guide surface (32), wherein at least one adjustment position (S0, S1, S2) corresponds to a workpiece machining position in which the work tool (15) arranged on the tool holder (14).

Abstract: Provided is an electrode capable of increasing a degree of freedom in machining shape with a simple structure, an electrochemical machining apparatus using the electrode, an electrochemical machining method, and a product machined by the method. An electrode 4 has a core tube 41 formed of a material by which a second hole 101b having a direction or a curvature different from that of a first hole 101a having a predetermined curvature can be formed continuously from the first hole 101a and a coating 42 fixed to an outer periphery of the core tube 41.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a backlight source. The method for manufacturing a backlight source according to the present invention forms a plurality of tin soldering pattern groups on a substrate. Each tin soldering pattern group includes tin soldering patterns spaced from one another, and the tin soldering patterns are in a closed ring shape. The Mini-LEDs are disposed on the tin soldering pattern groups respectively. The substrate is placed in the space having a varying magnetic field. The circuit of the tin soldering patterns in the tin soldering pattern groups generates the induced current for rapid heating and melting, to solder the Mini-LEDs on the substrate. The soldering speed is improved, the process efficiency is high, the process cost is low, and the light effect of the backlight source is effectively ensured.

Abstract: A brazing material outer coat and a method for preparing the same, an in-situ synthetic metal-coated flux-cored silver brazing material and a method for preparing the same, a welding method and a joint body, wherein the in-situ synthetic metal-coated flux-cored silver brazing material comprises a flux core and a brazing material outer coat wrapping the flux core, the brazing material outer coat comprises, in percentage by weight: silver Ag 20.0˜36.0%, copper Cu 35.0˜45.0%, zinc Zn 27.0˜37.0%, tin Sn 1.0˜3.0%, phosphorus P 0.1%˜0.5%, nickel Ni 0.5˜2.0%, germanium Ge 0.1˜0.3%, and lithium Li 0.1˜0.3%, the flux core comprises, in percentage by weight: elemental boron micropowder 5.0˜10.0%, sodium borohydride 5.0˜10.0%, potassium fluoroborate 15.0˜30.0%, boric anhydride 25.0˜40.0%, sodium fluoride 10.0˜30.0%, sodium bifluoride 2.0˜4.0%, and copper sulfate 1.0˜5.0%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for contactless ignition an arc (L) between an electrode (3) and a workpiece (4) which is to be welded, for carrying out a welding process, wherein a welding current (I) and a welding voltage (U) are provided at an output (2) of a welding current source (1), wherein the welding current source (1) contains a resonance converter (5) for generating a periodically varying, preferably substantially sawtooth-shaped, open circuit welding voltage (ULL) with voltage maxima (ULL,max) which recur periodically with a repetition rate (fw) and a welding current source (1) for carrying out the igniting process.

Abstract: Embodiments of systems and methods providing pattern recognition and data analysis in welding and cutting are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system includes a server computer and a data store connected to the server computer. The server computer receives welding data, including core welding data and non-core welding data, over a computer network from welding systems used to generate multiple welds to produce multiple instances of a same type of part. The server computer performs an analysis on the welding data to identify and group same individual welds of the multiple welds without relying on weld profile identification numbers as part of the analysis. A group of the same individual welds corresponds to a same weld location on the multiple instances of the same type of part. The data store receives the welding data from the server computer and digitally stores the welding data as identified and grouped.

Abstract: A device and method for welding a welding stud to a base is provided. A welding current is applied to a welding stud between the welding stud and the base material, wherein a material of the welding stud and the base material is partially liquefied. The welding stud is then immersed into the solidifying material of the welding stud or the base material in order to create a bond between the welding stud and the base material.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a welding or plasma torch (1) comprising a main body (4) suited to be held by a user and an interface area (8) suited to receive a cable (10) for connection to a power supply unit (101). Guide means (20) are provided, which are suited to guide the cable (10) inside the main body (4) and comprise a first sleeve (22) connected to the main body (4) through a spherical constraint and a second sleeve (24) connected to the first sleeve (22) through a spherical constraint element.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are power electronic modules formed by directly bonding a heat sink to a dielectric substrate using transition liquid phase bonding.

Abstract: A void having a side peripheral surface and a bottom part is machined in a rotationally symmetrical shape spanning the end surface of a first steel member and the end surface of a second steel member; in a state in which a pressing force is applied to a contact area between the tip part of a joining metal and the bottom part of the void, the joining metal is rotated around a rotation axis and friction is created; the material structure around a rotational friction surface is joined using friction heat caused by the friction and molten metal is generated; a gap between a side peripheral surface of the joining metal and the side peripheral surface of the void is filled with the liquefied molten metal; and the first steel member and the second steel member are joined via the joining metal through integration with the structure near the gap.

Abstract: Process for manufacturing a part, in particular a composite cast part, includes the steps of: providing at least one insertion element; casting a casting material around at least a portion of the at least one insertion element such that at least one contact area is formed between the at least one insertion element and the casting material; and welding the at least one insertion element to the casting material in the contact area.

Abstract: A weldment manufacturing method includes drilling that forms a hole on a workpiece, feeding a filler material to the hole and putting the filler material on a bottom of the hole, and melting the filler material by emitting a laser beam to the hole while scanning with the laser beam, so as to fill the hole with the melted filler material. By repeating the feeding and the melting, a weld repairing portion filling the hole is formed.

Abstract: A laser machining system, or laser welding system, for machining a workpiece includes: a laser machining head for directing a laser beam onto a workpiece to produce a vapor capillary; an optical measuring device using an optical measuring beam; an image acquisition unit to capture an image of a region of the workpiece surface containing the vapor capillary and a measuring spot produced by irradiation with the measuring beam. The system determines positions of the measuring spot and vapor capillary based on the image. A method includes: directing the laser beam onto a workpiece surface to produce a vapor capillary; directing an optical measuring beam onto the surface to measure a depth of the vapor capillary; capturing an image of a region containing the vapor capillary and a measuring spot from the optical measuring beam; and determining, based on the captured image, position of the measuring spot and vapor capillary.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods to plan a path to form a part using an additive manufacturing system. The additive manufacturing system may include one or more additive manufacturing tools. The additive manufacturing tools may include arc welding tools and non-arc welding tools. The system may also manufacture the part based on the planned path.

Abstract: A method of supplying cooling water to a laser processing head includes arranging a cooling water supply path connected to the laser processing head, connecting, to the cooling water supply path, a water supply path for supplying water and an antirust supply path for supplying antirust, keeping constant a ratio between a water quantity fed by a water feed means connected to the water supply path and an antirust quantity fed by an antirust feed means connected to the antirust supply path, mixing the water and antirust in the cooling water supply path, and supplying cooling water to the laser processing head.

Abstract: A laser welding method of a die cast member includes forming a first melted portion by irradiating a first laser beam on a planned welding portion including a contact surface between a first member and a second member, and welding the first member and the second member by forming a second melted portion by irradiating a second laser beam on the planned welding portion after the first melted portion is formed; the first member includes a metal; and the second member is formed by die casting. A width of the first melted portion is not more than half of a width of the second melted portion. A depth of the first melted portion is deeper than a depth of the second melted portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for creating a detachment zone (2) in a solid (1) in order to detach a solid portion (12), especially a solid layer (12), from the solid (1), said solid portion (12) that is to be detached being thinner than the solid from which the solid portion (12) has been removed.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and/or methods are disclosed relating to welding systems that monitor welds performed by an operator. In some examples, the welding system monitors one or more welds performed using a welding tool, evaluates characteristics of the one or more welds in comparison to certain predetermined criteria, and determines a performance score for the operator based on the evaluation. In some examples, the characteristics of the one or more welds include the location of each of the one or more welds and/or the order in which the one or more welds are executed. In such an example, the predetermined criteria may include target locations for each of the one or more welds and/or a target order of execution. In some examples, the welding system may respond to deviations from the target locations and/or target order, such as by reducing a performance score, disabling weld operations, providing guidance to the operator, etc.

Abstract: A bonded structure, including a Zn-based brazing filler metal and a Cu-based bonding object bonded to each other, wherein the bonded structure includes a joint including a first alloy phase, a second alloy phase and a third alloy phase between the Zn-based brazing filler metal and the Cu-based bonding object, wherein the second alloy phase is formed at an interface between the first alloy phase and the third alloy phase, and wherein, in a cross section parallel to a bonding direction, a ratio of the second alloy phase at the interface between the first alloy phase and the third alloy phase is less than 80%.

Abstract: A robotic welding system comprises a supporting arm for attaching to a repositionable support structure, the supporting arm comprising a first mounting portion connectable to the repositionable support structure, and a second mounting portion rotatably coupled to the first mounting portion. A yaw rotary actuator rotates the second mounting portion about a yaw axis. A welding arm comprises a third mounting portion rotatably coupled to the second mounting portion of the supporting arm. A pitch rotary actuator rotates the third mounting portion about a pitch axis generally perpendicular to the yaw axis. A roll rotary actuator rotates a torch holder shaft about a roll axis generally perpendicular to the pitch axis. The shaft has a torch mounting portion for mounting a welding torch at an end thereof. A controller is operably coupled to the actuators to cause the welding torch to execute a welding pattern.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods of manufacture are provided for a cylindrical compressor with a standardized shell and core. The compressor including a cylindrical cast metal shell having a shell bore extending longitudinally therethrough and configured to receive a cylindrical cast metal core. The core having a core bore extending longitudinally therethrough defining a core bore diameter within a predefined range of diameters and corresponding to a shell bore diameter. The core having an outer diameter configured to provide an interference fit between the core and the shell when the core is disposed within the shell. The compressor including a plurality of valve assemblies extending through the shell and the core so as to interface a valve of the valve assembly with the core bore and further including cylinder head coupled to the shell, a piston rod assembly configured within the core bore, and a packing case coupled to the core.

Abstract: Provided is a method of disassembling a cold head provided with a displacer that extends in an axial direction, a cylinder that accommodates the displacer, and a displacer drive unit that is fastened to the cylinder and is connected to the displacer such that the displacer is driven in the axial direction, the method including mounting a lifting-up jig onto the displacer drive unit, unfastening the displacer drive unit and the cylinder from each other, and operating the lifting-up jig such that the displacer drive unit is lifted up from the cylinder together with the displacer.

Abstract: A detachable structure used for sheet metal joining comprising a first fixing frame, a second fixing frame, an anti-offset assembly, a connecting assembly and a pressing assembly; the first fixing frame is connected with the second fixing frame through the anti-offset assembly and the connecting assembly; the second fixing frame comprises a transverse plate a, a transverse plate b, a vertical plate a and a vertical plate b; the transverse plate a is vertically arranged on the edge of the bottom of one side of the vertical plate a, and the transverse plate b is vertically arranged on the edge of the top of one side of the vertical plate a; the vertical plate b is vertically arranged on the edge of one side of the bottom of the transverse plate b.

Abstract: This machine tool is provided with: a partition that partitions a machining chamber and a tool storage chamber and that has an opening; a shutter; and a receiving member that is formed so as to receive cutting fluid. The partition includes a sidewall member that extends in the vertical direction and an inclined wall member inclined in such a manner so as to become lower from the sidewall member to the interior of the machining chamber. At least part of the opening is formed in the inclined wall member. The receiving member is positioned beneath the shutter, and in such a position so as to receive cutting fluid that drops down along the sidewall member when the shutter is opened.

Abstract: An automatic pallet changer 2 includes: a pallet housing unit 11 having a plurality of pallet placement portions; and a pallet transfer unit 12 configured to transfer a pallet P that is at a required pallet placement portion and has an un-machined workpiece W attached thereto to a standby station S2 and configured to transfer a pallet P that is at the standby station S2 and has a machined workpiece W attached thereto to a required pallet placement portion. The pallet housing unit 11 includes: main housing portions 13a to 13f that have a plurality of rows of pallet placement portions, each having a plurality of stages, and are disposed to face the machine tool body 1; and three rows of secondary housing portions 14 that have one stage of pallet placement portions and are disposed above the machine tool body 1.

Abstract: A sealing member for machine tools is capable of keeping sealing performance. The sealing member includes a support member and an elastic member formed in a flat plate shape. The elastic member includes an edge portion to slide on a sliding surface of a machine tool. The support member has a support surface facing a part of a front surface of the elastic member. The sealing member is mounted to the machine tool such that the elastic member is sandwiched between a mount portion of the machine tool and the support surface of the support member. The elastic member has a fixed portion sandwiched between the mount portion and the support member. A lip portion not sandwiched between the mount portion and the support member when the sealing member is mounted to the machine tool, the lip portion including the edge portion and configured to be curved.

Abstract: A surgical guide production apparatus and accessories are provided to simplify the process of using the production apparatus within the surgical environment. A cutting attachment is provided for use on a surgical guide production apparatus. The cutting attachment comprises a cutting element, a connector for connecting the cutting element to a drive mechanism of the surgical guide production apparatus so that the cutting element can be driven by the drive mechanism to modify an impression of a surgical site to produce a surgical guide, and a protective barrier. The protective barrier is configured to be positioned around the cutting element to surround a cutting area to help prevent contaminants from entering or leaving the cutting area during modification of the impression.

Abstract: A cutting fluid amount adjusting device acquires at least data indicating a machining state of a machine tool and data relating to cutting fluid supplied from a cutting fluid supplying device, creates data used in machine learning based on the acquired data, and executes, based on the created data, processing of the machine learning relating to the discharge amount of the cutting fluid from a cutting fluid nozzle in an environment in which machining of a workpiece by the machine tool is performed.

Abstract: A method for processing fracture surfaces of a ductile metal component by processing fracture surfaces (51a and 52a) of fracture components (51 and 52) into which the ductile metal component (50) is divided by fracturing the ductile metal component (50) in a fracture direction includes: a holding step of holding the fracture components in a state in which the fracture surfaces of the fracture components are separated from each other; a vibration step of imparting predetermined vibration to at least either one of the fracture components being held in the holding step in a direction intersecting the fracture direction; a pressing step of pressing the fracture surfaces of the fracture components against each other by a specified pressing force in a state in which the vibration is imparted by the vibration step; and a separation step of separating the fracture surfaces of the fracture components from each other after the pressing step in the state in which the vibration is imparted by the vibration step.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus for producing a curved contour on an end face of a roll includes a grinding device and a holding device, linearly movable relative to the grinding device. The grinding device is for grinding the curved contour on the end face. The holding device is for holding the roll between the holding device and the grinding device. A method for producing the curved contour on the end face using the manufacturing apparatus is also disclosed. The method includes driving the holding device to move in a linear fashion relative to the grinding device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polishing system (100) for providing a polishing finish to a concrete surface, said system comprises a pad lock (2) which, one a second surface (6) thereof, comprises a number of protrusions (32) which are able to enter into engagement with a voids (16) arranged on a first surface (12) of a pad (10) placed between a fixing ring and said pad lock. The use of such a system provides a higher degree of integrity during use of said polishing system.

Abstract: A learning device includes a learning unit that executes learning of determining a corrected polishing condition by updating an action value function based on state information including at least one polishing condition and a calculation result calculated based on at least one measured value during polishing.

Abstract: A chemical mechanical polishing apparatus includes a platen to hold a polishing pad, a carrier to hold a substrate against a polishing surface of the polishing pad during a polishing process, and a temperature control system including a source of a fluid medium and one or more openings positioned over the platen and separated from the polishing pad and configured for the fluid medium to flow onto the polishing pad to heat or cool the polishing pad.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes barrier devices for use in an apparatus used to form lapping plates. The barrier devices can contain liquid on the surface of the lapping plate platen. The present disclosure also involves related methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a roller burnishing tool 10 with a base body 12 extending along a longitudinal center axis 11, at least one roller holder 14 arranged radially adjustably on the base body 12, which holds a roller 15 rotatably, and an adjusting device 16 arranged in the base body 12 for adjusting the roller holder 14 cooperates in the radial direction with the roller holder 14. According to the invention, the roller holder 14 has a holder arm 18b holding the roller 15, which can be pivoted out in a radial direction by the adjusting device 16 relative to the base body 12 in a radial direction.

Abstract: A novel polishing apparatus which determines a polishing end point of a substrate on the basis of a strain of a constituent element of the polishing apparatus caused by friction between a substrate such as a wafer and a polishing pad. The polishing apparatus includes a rotatable polishing table which supports a polishing pad, a polishing head which presses the substrate against the polishing pad, a rotating shaft connected to the polishing head, a support structure which rotatably supports the rotating shaft, a strain measuring instrument which measures a strain of the support structure, and an end point detector which determines a polishing end point of the substrate on the basis of a change in the strain. The strain measuring instrument includes at least one strain sensor fixed to the support structure.

Abstract: Method for dressing a grinding tool by means of a machine tool including dressing the grinding tool with a form dressing roller and generating a tool profile on the grinding tool by a contact between the rotating grinding tool and the rotating form dressing roller along a dressing path, and generating relative movement therebetween along the dressing path automatically with the aid of two or more NC axes, wherein during the relative movement along the dressing path and during the contact between the form dressing roller and the grinding tool, each of the NC axes has an axial velocity with an absolute value greater than zero, and none of these NC axes carries out a directional reversal or comes to a standstill.

Abstract: A grinding apparatus includes a loading unit for loading a wafer to a chuck table having a holding surface for holding the wafer, an unloading unit for unloading the wafer from the chuck table, and a cleaning unit for cleaning the holding surface of the chuck table or the upper surface of the wafer held on the holding surface of the chuck table. The cleaning unit includes a cleaning portion and a horizontal moving portion for horizontally moving the cleaning portion in a lateral direction of the grinding apparatus. The loading unit has a first holding portion for holding the wafer, and the unloading unit has a second holding portion for holding the wafer.