Abstract: In various embodiments, refractory-metal glass melt electrodes are single-crystalline, at least within an outer layer thereof.

Abstract: An electrically boosted refractory melting vessel including a back wall, a first side wall, a second side wall, a front wall and a bottom wall, the melting vessel comprising a longitudinal center line extending from the back wall to the front wall and an overall width orthogonal to the longitudinal center line extending between an inside surface of the first side wall and an inside surface of the second side wall. The melting vessel also includes a length L between the back wall and the front wall, and a width W between the first side wall and the second side wall orthogonal to the center line. A plurality of electrodes extend into an interior of the melting vessel through a bottom wall of the melting vessel, and L/W is in a range from about 2.0 to about 2.4.

Abstract: A low-NOx end-fired furnace for melting glass equipped with an overhead burner includes an inlet duct for oxidizer, including 15% to 30% of oxygen, in its upstream wall, a duct for receiving the combustion flue gases in its upstream wall, and a sonic injection system including at least one injector for injecting a jet of a gas at a speed at least equal to 80% of the speed of sound, referred to as a sonic injector, opening into the upstream wall or opening into the duct for receiving the combustion flue gases, the sonic injector injecting its gas counter-current to the stream of the combustion flue gases that are heading toward the duct for receiving the combustion flue gases.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure relate to a method of controlling the flow of fluid, such as air, between a stack of glass sheets during a co-sagging process. In embodiments, this involves a particular method and certain mechanical means of applying force at or near the edges and/or corners of a stack of glass sheets during a co-sagging process. In other embodiments, this involves creating low pressure regions at or near the edges and/or corners during the co-sagging process. In particular, controlling the flow of fluid between glass sheets is particularly suitable for preventing shape mismatch between two glass sheets having different thicknesses and/or compositions.

Abstract: A method for processing glass tube ends is provided. The method includes providing a glass tube blank that has at least two tube end portions; actively cooling at least one tube end portion by a cooling station; and processing the at least one of the tube end portion.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a glass particulate deposit, the method including disposing at least one burner at a position facing a rod that rotates around an axis, and spraying glass particulates generated in the flame from the burner to the rod while relatively reciprocating the rod and the burner in the axis direction of the rod, to deposit glass particulates, wherein the relation of 0.1 W?V/R?1.0 W is satisfied, where W mm represents the luminance width of the flame of the glass raw material, R rotations/min represents the rotational speed of the rod, and V mm/min represents the speed of the reciprocation.

Abstract: A method of producing an optical fiber preform includes a silica glass body forming step of forming a silica glass body to be at least a portion of a core portion. The method includes an alkali-metal-doped silica glass body forming step of forming an alkali-metal-doped silica glass body doped with an alkali metal around the silica glass body such that the alkali-metal-doped silica glass body contacts the silica glass body. The method further includes a diffusing step of diffusing the alkali metal from the alkali-metal-doped silica glass body to the silica glass body by a heat treatment.

Abstract: A deposition system for depositing a chemical vapor onto a workpiece is disclosed, including a deposition chamber having a plurality of components for performing chemical vapor deposition on the workpiece. The workpiece is held by a lathe that rotates the workpiece relative to chemical burners that deposit silica soot on the workpiece. The deposition system has a gas panel for regulating the flow of gases and vapors into the deposition chamber, and a computer for controlling operation of the gas panel and the components in the deposition chamber. Multiple sets of chemical burners are disposed longitudinally along the length of the workpiece. Each set of burners is separated from other sets, such that each set of burners deposit silica particles onto generally different portions of a workpiece. The respective portions include an overlap segment in which one or more burners from one burner set will deposit silica particles on the same portion of the workpiece as one or more burners from another set.

Abstract: The invention relates to glass ceramics and glasses with cerium and tin content, which comprise the following components: Component wt.-% SiO2 42.0 to 80.0 Al2O3 0.1 to 42.0 Cerium, calculated as CeO2 0.5 to 10.0 Tin, calculated as SnO 0.1 to 4.0 and which are suitable in particular for the preparation of dental restorations, the fluorescence properties of which largely correspond to those of natural teeth.

Abstract: The invention relates to glass ceramics and glasses with a europium content, containing the following components: Component wt.-% SiO2 30.0 to 75.0 Al2O3 10.0 to 45.0 Europium, calculated as Eu2O3 0.05 to 5.0? and which are suitable in particular for the production of restorations, the fluorescence properties of which largely correspond to those of natural teeth.

Abstract: A transparent timepiece component, in particular a watch glass, has a substantially planar or curved interior surface, and has mainly a transparent material colored by a zone of modified chemical composition within the component through an introduction of at least one coloring chemical element of the transparent material, this zone of modified chemical composition extending in one part only of the total thickness of the timepiece component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a conductive paste for a solar cell electrode, comprising: a metal powder; glass frit; and organic vehicles, wherein the glass frit includes a first glass frit having a first glass transition temperature and a second glass frit having a second glass transition temperature that is higher than the first glass transition temperature, wherein the glass frit is contained in an amount of 1-10% by weight with respect to the total weight of the paste, the content of the first glass frit being larger than that of the second glass frit. The present invention can improve the conversion efficiency and adhesion characteristics of a solar cell by using two or more kinds of glass frits having different glass transition temperatures in combination.

Abstract: The described embodiments relate generally to a micro-perforated panel systems and methods for noise abatement and method of making a micro-perforated panel system. In particular, embodiments relate to glass micro-perforated panel systems and methods for their construction.

Abstract: High-strength anti-fingerprint glass includes a glass base material. The glass base material includes a first surface and a second surface that are provided opposite to each other, at least one of the first surface and the second surface is provided with a micro-texture structure, the micro-texture structure includes a plurality of micro-texture units, an orthographic projection area of each micro-texture unit on the first surface or the second surface ranges from 0.0004 mm2 to 0.0144 mm2, and a maximum distance between the micro-texture unit and the surface on which the micro-texture unit is located ranges from 2 ?m to 7 ?m.

Abstract: Embodiments of a deadfront article are provided. The deadfront article includes a substrate having a first surface and a second surface. The deadfront article also includes a semi-transparent layer disposed onto the second surface of the substrate. The semi-transparent layer has a region of a solid color or of a design of two or more colors, and the semi-transparent layer has a first optical density. Further, the deadfront article includes a contrast layer disposed onto the region. The contrast layer is configured to enhance visibility of the color(s) of the semi-transparent layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are graphene coatings characterized by a porous, three-dimensional, spherical structure having a hollow core, along with methods for forming such graphene coatings on glasses, glass-ceramics, ceramics, and crystalline materials. Such coatings can be further coated with organic or inorganic layers and are useful in chemical and electronic applications.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a protective cover including at least one transparent inorganic layer and at least one transparent adhesion layer. The transparent inorganic layer may include glass or glass ceramic. In a preferred embodiment, the inorganic layer is glass or glass ceramic. In an embodiment, the protective cover further includes a polymer layer disposed between the inorganic layer and the adhesion layer.

Abstract: A coated article includes a substrate, a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer having discontinuous metallic regions, a primer over the subcritical layer, and a second dielectric layer over the primer layer. The primer can be a nickel-chromium alloy. The primer can be a multilayer primer having a first layer of a nickel-chromium alloy and a second layer of titania. The subcritical layer can contain copper and silver.

Abstract: A method of making a reflective coated glass article includes providing a glass substrate. A first gaseous mixture is formed. The first gaseous mixture includes a silane compound and inert gas. The first gaseous mixture is delivered to a location above a major surface of the glass substrate to deposit a first coating layer directly on the major surface of the glass substrate. The first coating layer is deposited at a thickness of 5-50 nm. A second gaseous mixture is formed. The second gaseous mixture includes a silane compound, a radical scavenger and molecular oxygen. The second gaseous mixture is delivered to a location above the first coating layer. A second coating layer is deposited at a thickness of 5-50 nm over the first coating layer. The coated glass article exhibits a total visible light reflectance (Illuminant D65, ten degree observer) of 45% or more from a coated side of the coated glass article.

Abstract: A resin composition includes a base resin containing a urethane (meth)acrylate oligomer, a monomer having a phenoxy group, a photopolymerization initiator, and a silane coupling agent and hydrophobic inorganic oxide particles, wherein the content of the inorganic oxide particles is 1% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less based on the total amount of the resin composition.

Abstract: An object is to enable suppression of thermal leakage at a peripheral portion of a pair of glass plates disposed so as to be opposed to each other with a gap interposed therebetween. A pair of glass plates 1A, 1B are disposed so as to be opposed to each other with a gap V interposed therebetween, and a periphery sealing metal material 3 is provided which joins the pair of glass plates 1A, 1B at a peripheral portion V1 thereof so as to seal the gap V in an airtight state. The periphery sealing metal material 3 interposed between opposed inner surfaces of the pair of glass plates 1A, 1B contains, in a mixed manner, a thermal insulation material 30 having lower thermal conductivity than that of the periphery sealing metal material 3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a binder with high ? belite content comprising the steps: a) providing a starting material by selecting one raw material having a Ca/Si molar ratio of 1.5 to 2.5 or by mixing two or more raw materials to obtain a starting material with the Ca/Si molar ratio of 1.5 to 2.5; b) hydrothermal treatment of the starting material produced in step a) in an autoclave at a temperature of 100 to 300° C. and a retention time of 0.1 to 24h, wherein the water/solids ratio is from 0.1 to 100 to provide an intermediate product; c) annealing the intermediate product obtained in step b) in a flash calciner at 620 to 630° C., wherein the retention time is 1-30 seconds.

Abstract: The invention comprises a composition comprising hyaloclastite having a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to 40 ?m. The invention also comprises a cementitious material comprising a hydraulic cement and hyaloclastite, wherein the hyaloclastite has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 40 ?m. The invention further comprises a cementitious-based material comprising aggregate, a cementitious material comprising a hydraulic cement and hyaloclastite, wherein the hyaloclastite has a volume-based mean particle size of less than or equal to approximately 40 ?m and water sufficient to hydrate the cementitious material. A method of using the composition of the present invention is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present application relates to a concrete pre-mix composition comprising a cementitious material and a plurality of conductive carbon microfibers mixed with said cementitious material, where said conductive carbon microfibers are present in the concrete pre-mix composition in an amount such that, when said concrete pre-mix composition is hydrated to form concrete and cured, the conductive carbon microfibers are dispersed in the cured concrete in an amount of 0.75% to 2.00% of total mass of the concrete. The present application further relates to a concrete composition, a method of producing an electrically conductive concrete composition, an electrically conductive cured concrete form, and a system for heating pavement.

Abstract: This invention encompasses asphalt cement emulsions, as well as methods for preparing a pre-treated rubber-modified asphalt cement emulsions and methods for coating industrial surfaces using asphalt cement emulsions.

Abstract: A composition of matter has cement particles and resin structures having: a first functional group bonded directly to a surface of each cement particle; and a second functional group that bonds to calcium silicate hydrate upon hydration, wherein the second functional group is bondable with second functional groups of others of the cement particles to form a polymer network; and a backbone that connects the first functional group with the second functional group. A method of forming cement particles includes mixing cement particles with reactive molecules, the reactive molecules having a first functional group bonded directly to a surface of each cement particle, a second functional group that is bondable to calcium silicate hydrate upon hydration, wherein the second functional group is bondable with second function groups of others of the cement particles to form a polymer network, and a backbone that connects the first functional group with the second functional group.

Abstract: A method for continuously forming gypsum-based panels of high fixing strength comprises the steps of: •forming a mixture comprising stucco, non-pregelatinized migratory starch, glass fibre, fluidizer and water; •casting the mixture in a continuous band; •maintaining the band under conditions sufficient for the stucco to form an interlocking matrix of set gypsum; •cutting the band to form one or more wet panel precursors; and •drying the wet panel precursor to form one or more gypsum-based panels. •The weight ratio of water to stucco in the mixture is less than 0.7; •the stucco is present in the mixture in an amount of over 60 wt % relative to the total solids content of the mixture; •the starch is present in the mixture in an amount of over 3 wt % relative to the the stucco; •the glass fibre is present in the mixture in an amount of over 1 wt % relative to the stucco; •the fluidizer is is present in the mixture in an amount of at least 0.

Abstract: An ozonation-based method for producing a cementitious material comprises the steps of: (1) mixing a flue gas with an ozone-containing gas to form a mixed flue gas; and introducing the mixed flue gas into an absorption tower, where the mixed flue gas undergoes dry desulfurization and denitrification by reacting with a powdered desulfurizing and denitrificating agent and becomes a treated flue gas; (2) subjecting the treated flue gas to dust removal to generate by-products; and (3) uniformly mixing raw materials that comprise the first by-product, magnesium oxide, fly ash and an additive to give a cementitious material, wherein on the basis of 100 parts by weight of the cementitious material, the first by-product is 20-60 parts by weight, magnesium oxide is 16-33 parts by weight, the fly ash is 15-35 parts by weight, and the additive is 1-15 parts by weight.

Abstract: What are described are a process for producing an insulating product for the refractory industry or an insulating material as intermediate for production of such a product, and a corresponding insulating material/insulating product. Likewise described are the use of a matrix encapsulation process in the production of an insulating product for the refractory industry and a corresponding insulating product and/or an insulating material as intermediate for production of such a product.

Abstract: A zirconia sintered body comprising 3.0 wt % or more and 30.0 wt % or less of aluminum in terms of Al2O3 and a remainder is zirconia containing 2 mol % or more and 4 mol % or less of erbia, in which the zirconia sintered body includes grains of aluminum oxide, and a total light transmittance with respect to a D65 light source at a sample thickness of 1.0 mm is 10% or less.

Abstract: A composition including a binder and a variable thermal conductivity material satisfying a conditional expression 1, wherein a content of the variable thermal conductivity material is from 300 parts by weight to 10,000 parts by weight with respect to a content of 100 parts by weight of the binder: ?max/?25?1.2??[conditional expression 1] (wherein, ?25 represents a thermal conductivity at 25° C., and ?max represents the maximum value of a thermal conductivity at 200° C. or 500° C.

Abstract: A super hard polycrystalline construction has a first region having a body of thermally stable polycrystalline super hard material with an exposed surface forming a working surface, and a peripheral side edge, a second region forming a substrate to the first region and a third region interposed between the first and second regions. The third region extends across a surface of the second region along an interface and has a composite material having a first phase comprising a plurality of non-intergrown diamond grains, the majority of the diamond grains having a coating comprising nano-sized BN particles. There is also disclosed a method of making such a construction.

Abstract: A carbon/carbon brake disk is provided. The carbon/carbon brake disk may comprise a carbon fiber, wherein the carbon fiber is formed into a fibrous network, wherein the fibrous network comprises carbon deposited therein. The carbon fiber may undergo a FHT process, wherein micro-cracks are disposed in the carbon fiber. In various embodiments, the micro-cracks may be at least partially filled with un-heat-treated carbon via a final CVD process, wherein the final CVD process is performed at a temperature in the range of up to about 1,000° C. (1,832° F.) for a duration in the range from about 20 hours to about 100 hours. In various embodiments, the un-heat-treated carbon may be configured to prevent oxygen, moisture, and/or oxidation protection systems (OPS) chemicals from penetrating the carbon/carbon brake disk. In various embodiments, the final CVI/CVD process may be configured to increase the wear life of the carbon/carbon brake disk.

Abstract: A method for producing a poultry litter-based fertilizer by a) supplying poultry litter to a rotating rotary drum, b) adding acid or a source of acid to the rotating rotary drum, wherein acid reacts with the poultry litter to form an acidified mixture, c) adding ammonia or a source of ammonia to the rotating rotary drum, d) drying and cooling the ammoniated product by evaporation of water to form a dried, cooled product in a free-flowing semi-solid or solid form, repeating the steps b) through d) until a desired nitrogen content is reached in the dried, cooled product.

Abstract: The present invention is a plant growth promoter containing a lignocellulosic biomass, wherein the lignocellulosic biomass has a lignin content of 40% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less and a contact angle with water of 50° or less.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are superabsorbent hydrogels formed using okara particles and polymeric chains. The hydrogel contains crosslinks, which are provided by crosslinking groups between the polymeric chains or by a plurality of polymer chains being bonded to each okara particle (with each of these chains being bonded to at least one further okara particle too). The resulting superabsorbent hydrogels are useful in aiding plant growth, nutrition and hydration, and may be mixed with soil to form a composite material for such purposes.

Abstract: A coated fertilizer comprising a fertilizer granule and a coating disposed on a surface of the fertilizer granule, wherein the coating comprises interpenetrating domains comprising polymer domains and wax domains. A method of making the coated fertilizer is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for olefin oligomerization, and can provide a method for olefin oligomerization. The method includes the steps of: introducing an oligomerization transition metal catalyst, olefin monomers, and a solvent into a reactor and performing an olefin oligomerization reaction to produce an oligomer; introducing a catalyst deactivator to a reaction product of the oligomerization reaction to deactivate the catalyst, with the catalyst deactivator including at least one functional group containing at least one selected from the group including oxygen, phosphor, nitrogen, and sulfur and having a number average molecular weight of 400 or more; separating the oligomer through distillation in a distiller; and separating the catalyst deactivator through the bottom end of the distiller.

Abstract: A method of producing p-xylene, the method comprising the steps of converting the C9+ aromatic hydrocarbons and the hydrogen gas in the presence of a dealkylation catalyst to produce a dealkylation effluent, separating the dealkylation effluent to produce a carbon-nine (C9) aromatics stream, a xylene stream, and a toluene stream, separating the p-xylenes from the xylene stream in the p-xylene separation unit to produce a p-xylene product and a p-xylene depleted stream, converting the m-xylene and o-xylene in the p-xylene depleted stream in the isomerization unit to produce an isomerization effluent, reacting the C9 aromatics stream and the hydrogen stream in the presence of a transalkylation catalyst in the transalkylation reactor to produce a transalkylation effluent, separating the C6 to C9+ aromatic hydrocarbons in the isomerization effluent and the transalkylation effluent in the splitter column to produce a benzene recycle, a toluene recycle, a xylene recycle and a C9+ recycle.

Abstract: A method for preparing hexadecahydropyrene includes the step of carrying out the hydrogenation reaction to hydrocarbon oil containing pyrene compounds in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst. The pyrene compounds are selected from at least one of pyrene and unsaturated hydrogenation products thereof. The hydrogenation catalyst contains a carrier and an active metal component loaded on the carrier. The active metal component is Pt and/or Pd and the carrier contains a small crystal size Y zeolite, alumina and amorphous silica-alumina. The small crystal size Y zeolite has an average grain diameter of 200-700 nm, a molar ratio of SiO2 to Al2O3 of 40-120, a relative crystallinity of ?95%, and a specific surface area of 900-1,200 m2/g. The pore volume of secondary pores in 1.7-10 nm diameter is more than 50% of the total pore volume.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the manufacture of fluoroaryl compounds and derivatives thereof, in particular of fluorobenzenes and derivatives thereof, and especially wherein said manufacture relates to an environmentally friendly production of the said compounds. Thus, the present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art processes, and in a surprisingly simple and beneficial manner, and as compared to the prior art processes, in particular, the invention provides a more efficient and energy saving processes, and also provides a more environmentally friendly process, for the manufacture of nuclear fluorinated aromatics, and preferably of nuclear fluorinated fluorobenzenes. Accordingly, in one aspect of the invention, an industrially beneficial process for preparing fluorobenzenes from halobenzene precursors using HF to form hydrogen halide is provided by the present invention.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a process for producing trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I). The process includes providing vapor-phase reactants including trifluoroacetyl halide, hydrogen, and iodine, heating the vapor-phase reactants, and reacting the heated vapor-phase reactants in the presence of a catalyst to produce trifluoroiodomethane. The catalyst includes a transition metal.

Abstract: A method of recovering 2-ethyl hexanol (2-EH) from crude alcohol that includes the 2-ethyl hexanol, 2-ethyl, 3-propyl acrolein (EPA), and 2-ethylhexanal (EHA) is disclosed. The crude alcohol stream is first separated into a first stream of primarily 2-EH, a second stream of primarily EPA and 2-EH collectively, and a third stream of primarily 2-EH and EHA collectively. The second stream and the third stream are combined to form a combined stream. The combined stream is processed further to form a first product stream comprising primarily 2-EH and a second product stream comprising primarily, 2-EH, EHA, and EPA collectively.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of purifying the compound (22E)-(24R)-2-methylene-22-dehydro-1?,24,25-trihydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D3 to obtain the compound in crystalline form. The methods typically include the steps of dissolving (22E)-(24R)-2-methylene-22-dehydro-1?,24,25-trihydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D3 in a solvent comprising ethyl acetate and hexane to form a solution, allowing crystals of (22E)-(24R)-2-methylene-22-dehydro-1?,24,25-trihydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D3 to form and precipitate from the solution, and recovering the crystals of (22E)-(24R)-2-methylene-22-dehydro-1?,24,25-trihydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D3 from the solution.

Abstract: A process for dehydrating methanol to dimethyl ether product in the presence of an aluminosilicate zeolite catalyst and a promoter selected from (i) aldehyde of formula R1CHO (Formula I) in which R1 is hydrogen, a C1-C11 alkyl group or a C3-C11 alkyl group in which 3 or more carbon atoms are joined to form a ring; or (ii) acetal derivative of an aldehyde of Formula I; and the molar ratio of promoter to methanol is maintained at 0.1 or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the manufacture of fluoroaryl compounds and derivatives thereof, in particular of fluorobenzenes and derivatives thereof, and especially wherein said manufacture relates to an environmentally friendly production of the said compounds. Thus, the present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art processes, and in a surprisingly simple and beneficial manner, and as compared to the prior art processes, in particular, the invention provides a more efficient and energy saving processes, and also provides a more environmentally friendly process, for the manufacture of nuclear fluorinated aromatics, and preferably of nuclear fluorinated fluorobenzenes. Accordingly, in one aspect of the invention, an industrially beneficial process for preparing fluorobenzenes from halobenzene precursors using HF to form hydrogen halide is provided by the present invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the manufacture or synthesis, respectively, of fluorinated benzenes and fluorinated benzophenones, and derivatives thereof, in particular of fluorobenzenes and derivatives thereof. The present invention particularly pertains to a novel environmentally friendly process for the synthesis of fluorinated benzenes and benzophenones as raw materials for the manufacture of polyaryletherketones (PAEKs).

Abstract: A method for preparing hydroxybenzophenone polyglycol ether (meth)acrylate comprising the steps of (i) reaction of hydroxybenzophenone with ethylene carbonate to give hydroxybenzophenone monoglycol ether, (ii) ethoxylation of hydroxybenzophenone monoglycol ether with ethylene oxide to give hydroxybenzophenone polyglycol ether, (iii) transesterification of hydroxybenzophenone polyglycol ether with alkyl (meth)acrylate to give hydroxybenzophenone polyglycol ether (meth)acrylate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing allyl alcohol, the process comprising: dehydrating a C3-oxygenate comprising monopropylene glycol or 1,3-propanediol; wherein the dehydration is performed in the presence of a basic catalyst. The C3-oxygenate may be derived from a biomass conversion process and subsequently converted to acrylic acid.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for making alicyclic polycarboxylic acids or their derivatives, referring to a process for hydrogenating aromatic polycarboxylic acids or their derivatives in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst to form alicyclic polycarboxylic acids or their derivatives, and the catalyst comprises at least one active metal of group VIIIB transition elements of the periodic table of elements, and a catalyst support comprising group IIA and group IIIA elements in a specific weight ratio.