Abstract: A fire-blast resistant door assembly comprises a door frame and a door leaf. The front part of the door leaf comprises a front panel and a front stiffener that delimits a cavity from the inside of the front panel, wherein a sheet refractory material is installed in said cavity. The rear part of the door leaf comprises a rear panel and a rear stiffener that delimits a cavity from the inside of the rear panel. A support structure made of metal is installed in said cavity. The front and the rear parts of the door leaf are mutually connected through the layer of the refractory material, forming the thermal break therebetween, so that said support structure abuts against said sheet refractory material. The door frame, in its turn, comprises a front part and a rear part mutually connected through a layer of the refractory material forming a thermal break.

Abstract: A device for sealing an aperture defined between a first object and second object is provided. The device comprises a first sealing member and a second sealing member. The first sealing member comprising a base member and first, second and third sealing portions. The base member has first and second sides and a surface extending therebetween. The first sealing portion extends from the first side of the base member. A first attachment portion extends along at least a portion of the surface of the base member. The second sealing portion extends from the second side of the base member and is configured to conform to and seal the gap. The third sealing portion extends from the second sealing portion and defines a distal end structured to conform to and form a seal the exterior surface of the second object. The second sealing member comprising a backing member and second attachment portion.

Abstract: A position sensing system and method for detecting the displacement of a door from a reference position, such as, for example, from a closed position. The system includes a magnetometer that may be operably connected to the door, and which measures positional location relative to a reference magnetic field, such as, for example, a magnetic field provided by a magnet of a lock device. The system may also include an accelerometer that detects acceleration of the door, and thereby provides an indication of when location is to be measured by the magnetometer. Measurement information from the magnetometer is used to derive a position indicator that is compared to a reference indicator, the reference indicator being associated with the reference position. Differences between the position and reference indicators may provide an indication that the door has been moved from the reference position.

Abstract: The invention relates a double-canvas door; comprising a frame (1) provided with guides (2a, 2b) for moving the canvases (3a, 3b) between door open and closed positions, said canvases defining an intermediate chamber (8) therebetween. The door comprises a single motor-driven roller (6) for the simultaneous winding of both canvases, and a single motor (61) for actuating the roller, the upper ends of the canvases (3a, 3b) being connected to one another and to a band (5) coupled to the winding roller (6), said connection closing the upper end of the intermediate chamber (8) when the door is closed.

Abstract: An integrated window structure having opposing substrates that sandwich an electrochromic coating, a dye layer and an ion-isolating mechanism. In some embodiments, this is a selective ion-conductive layer and other embodiments incorporate nanostructures and polymers to tether the dye ions; these methods prevent dye ions from transporting into the electrochromic layer during redox activity. Control and systems to integrate the electrochromic elements in windows is provided.

Abstract: A ladder having a first fiberglass rail. The ladder having a second fiberglass rail. The ladder having a one-piece composite rung which is hollow and made of carbon fiber or glass. The rung has a middle and a first end and a second end. The ladder having rivets that extend through the first end and the second end of the rung to attach the rung to the first rail and the second rail. No portion of the rung penetrates any portion of the first or second rails. A method for producing a ladder. A method for forming a one-piece composite rung for a ladder. A method for using a ladder.

Abstract: The present invention relates broadly to a fall arrester (10) attached to a user's harness via a coupling arrangement (6). The fall arrester (10) is designed to be attached to a backup rope or safety line (12). The fall arrester 10 ( )comprises a body (14), and a lever (16) pivotally coupled to the body (14). The lever (16) includes a primary cam (18) which is arranged to co-operate with the coupling arrangement (6). In operation, descent of the user urges the coupling arrangement (6) into contact with the lever 16 which pivots to effect braking of the safety line (12) between the body (14) and the primary cam (18).

Abstract: A leveler for a ladder having side rails and a rung comprises a metal housing fixed to one of the side rails. The housing has an opening. The leveler comprises a metal leg with slides in the housing and is adjustable in the housing. The leg has a top end and a bottom end. The leg has two rows of holes which are set side by side and extend through the leg. The leveler comprises a holder for holding a leg to the housing. The holder extending through the opening and one of the holes to hold a leg in place. The leveler comprises a cap disposed on the top end which acts as a stop for the leg when the cap contacts the housing. A method for setting a ladder in place.

Abstract: A ladder is provided comprising a first pair of spaced apart rails and a plurality of rungs extending between and coupled to the first pair of spaced apart rails. A pair of hooks are located such that each hook is positioned adjacent and upper end of an associated rail. A securing apparatus is coupled adjacent the upper end of the first pair of spaced apart rails. The securing apparatus includes a pair of spaced apart engaging members and may include a cross-member coupled therebetween. Each of the engagement members is pivotal with respect to an associated rail of the first pair of spaced apart rails. In one embodiment, the securing apparatus lacks any biasing members (e.g., springs or actuators) or locking members. The engagement members and hooks cooperatively encircle and overhead, generally horizontal support member to support and secure the ladder in a desired position.

Abstract: A mud motor, system, and method for using same are disclosed. A mud motor can include a continuously formed power section stator housing having a first end, a second end, and an internal cavity comprising a series of stator lobes and a housing portion passing. The stator lobes can extend from the first end of the power section stator housing until a first end of a transition portion. The transition portion can form a unitary combination with the stator lobes. The mud motor further includes a rotor assembly including a power section rotor having rotor lobes to be disposed completely within the internal cavity. Additional apparatuses, systems, and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus including a rotating segment having a first radial surface, a non-rotating segment having a second radial surface, a housing disposed around the first and second radial surfaces, and one or more rolling elements disposed between and in contact with the first and second radial surfaces for transferring the non-rotating segment in an axial direction upon rotation of the rotating segment. The non-rotating element may be a second rotating element that rotates at a different rotational rate than the rotating element. Each rolling element moves 360 degrees along a circular path relative to the first radial surface and the second radial surface. The first or second radial surface has a tapered section.

Abstract: A method of drilling a wellbore is described using a BHA including an RSS that comprises an adjustment mechanism movable between first and second configurations to alter a drilling direction of the BHA, BHA sensor(s), and a controller. The method includes drilling, using the BHA, the wellbore with the adjustment mechanism in the first configuration; receiving, by the first controller, real-time data including inclination and azimuth angle data from the BHA sensor(s); determining, by the first controller and based on the real-time data, a relationship between an actual measurement and a target measurement that is associated with a target well path; automatically moving, by the first controller and in response to the determination of the relationship, the adjustment mechanism from the first to the second configuration; and drilling, using the BHA, the wellbore while the adjustment mechanism is in the second configuration.

Abstract: A rolling element assembly includes a rolling element rotatable about a rotational axis when positioned within a cavity defined on a bit body of a drill bit, and a compliant retainer positioned within a retainer slot defined in the bit body. A biasing device is positioned within a device pocket defined within the bit body to bias the compliant retainer against the outer circumferential surface of the rolling element. The compliant retainer secures the rolling element within the cavity while an arcuate portion of the rolling element protrudes from the cavity and exposes a full axial width of the rolling element.

Abstract: A drill bit comprising a body that includes a metal matrix composite (MMC). The MMC comprises a mixture comprising a plurality of particles and another plurality of particles, wherein each of the other plurality of particles is softer than each of the plurality of particles. The MMC comprises a metallic binding material that is metallurgically bonded to each of the plurality of particles and the other plurality of particles.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to methods of fabricating leached polycrystalline diamond compacts (“PDCs”) in which a polycrystalline diamond table thereof is leached and resized to provide a leached region having a selected geometry. Creating a leached region having such a selected geometry may improve the performance of the PDC in various conditions, such as impact strength and/or thermal stability.

Abstract: Cutting elements and hardfacing materials are in the form of a milled tooth having an uppermost first surface or crest and remaining surfaces such as flank surfaces and end surfaces extending downwardly away from crest. The crest has a hardfaced layer disposed thereon formed from a premium hardfacing material, and one or more of the remaining cutting element surfaces has a hardfaced layer formed from a hardfacing material different than the premium hardfacing material, wherein the hardfaced layer on the crest has a wear resistance at least 10% greater than that of the remaining cutting element hardfaced surfaces. The hardfaced layer on the crest may extend along a partial portion of one or more of the adjacent remaining cutting element surfaces.

Abstract: A rotatable cutter may comprise a rotatable element, a stationary element, and a releasable interface. The releasable interface may be configured to substantially inhibit rotation of the rotatable element when the rotatable element and the stationary element are at least in partial contact. An earth-boring tool may include one or more rotatable elements.

Abstract: A system for offline suspension of a tubular including a first well having a first wellbore and a cellar formed at the surface of the first well with a rig movable from the first well to a second well. Additionally, a tubular string extending into the first well and a tubular support structure above the cellar of the first well, wherein the tubular support structure supports a weight of the tubular string such that the tubular is suspended from the tubular support structure independent from the rig and through a securing equipment configured to secure the first well.

Abstract: Electrical power transmission for well constriction apparatus via a rotatable spool positioned at and affixed to a moveable well construction apparatus at a wellsite and an electrical power cable at least partially wound on the rotatable spool and connected to stationary equipment at an end of the electrical power cable distal from the rotatable spool.

Abstract: A wired pipe system includes a wired pipe segment having a first end and a second end, a first coupler in the first end and a second coupler in the second end and a transmission line disposed in the wired pipe segment between the first and second ends. The transmission line includes a transmission cable that includes an inner conductor and an insulating material disposed about the inner conductor as well as a a wire channel surrounding the insulating material and the inner conductor for at least a portion of a length of the transmission cable. The wire channel and the insulating material are mated together by at least one mating feature.

Abstract: A field attachable submersible pump cable connector assembly for an electrical connection in a well head, allowing for direct connector assembly to the ESP cable eliminating the cable to cable splice. The connector assembly permits the use of standard crimping pliers to crimp the ends of a heavy gauge multi-conductor cables typically used for electric submersible pump (ESP) cables to the power pin for connection to an electrical power source external to the well head. The connector assembly protects the crimped connection from contaminants and the corrosive environment within the well head.

Abstract: A driveshaft transmission assembly may include a coupling mechanism for coupling a radial bearing assembly to a driveshaft. The coupling mechanism may include a bearing cap for creating an interference fit with a downhole portion of the radial bearing assembly. The coupling mechanism may include locking pins and a retention sleeve to retain the locking pins in grooves of the driveshaft and openings in the radial bearing sleeve. The radial bearing assembly may include a catch mechanism for preventing the loss of certain driveshaft transmission assembly components downhole in the event of a failure of the driveshaft transmission. The coupling mechanism may prevent the loss of the driveshaft downhole subsequent to separation of certain driveshaft transmission assembly components.

Abstract: A catch assembly is provided for a downhole motor assembly of a drilling system. The catch assembly may include a catch basket that may be coupled to a saver sub. The saver sub may be coupled to a stator tube housing a rotor of a downhole motor. The rotor knob may be coupled to the rotor and include a flange that may be positioned in the catch basket. The flange may be positioned uphole of an internal shoulder of the catch basket. Subsequent to a connection failure in or near the stator tube, the flange may engage the internal shoulder of the catch basket to prevent the rotor from falling downhole.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for coupling components within a downhole motor drivetrain, and particularly to improving the torque carrying characteristics through threaded couplings in the drivetrain that extends between the mud motor and the drill bit. The described downhole motor drivetrain includes one or more threaded couplings, with each coupling configured to define a gap to accept a spacer having a dimension within a range of sizes. The dimension of the selected spacer placed in the threaded coupling facilitates establishing a desired balance of the force loading at each of two contact regions of the coupling. In many examples, the two contact regions of the coupling will be located on opposite sides of the threaded region.

Abstract: An assembly for a torque-transmitting connection in an inner pipe string of a dual-member drill string is formed from a collar, a retaining ring, and an inner pipe member. An endless internal groove having adjacent shallow and deep sections is formed in the collar. Formed in the inner pipe member, an external grooved region is situated in adjacent relationship with the internal groove. The retaining ring, situated within the grooves, resists disconnection of the collar from the inner pipe member. When the assembly is subjected to an axial force that might otherwise tend to pull it apart, the retaining ring resists the tendency by wedging between the bottom of the shallow section of the internal groove and the crest of the external groove.

Abstract: A float shoe for a downhole tubular or casing includes a housing, a nose, a support, and a valve. The housing is attached to the casing, and the nose having a shell of a millable material (e.g., composite, aluminum, etc.) extends from the housing. A support of cement, fills an internal cavity of the nose's shell and support a valve in the housing. The shell for the nose defines a flow passage communicating with the valve and can have a conical or eccentric shape to facilitate passage of the float shoe in a borehole during run-in. The shell for the nose can also have a port or jet that communicate the flow passage out the side of the nose.

Abstract: A drill pipe guide system having a support structure configured to be positioned on a rig floor or drillship floor, an articulating arm coupled to the support structure, wherein the articulating arm is coupled to the support structure, wherein the articulating arm is configured to pivot relative to the support structure, and a clamp coupled to the articulating arm, wherein the clamp is configured to encircle a drill string and limit radial movement of the drill string as the drill string is lowered beneath the rig floor or drillship floor.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to a drilling rig or a drill ship having a first activity center with a main well, a second activity center with an auxiliary well and a third activity center with offline casing with drill pipe stand-building capabilities. The offline casing and drill stand-building facility is a standalone feature and can be located in the forward or aft side of a drilling rig or drill ship depending on the choice of the builder or operator.

Abstract: A directional drill vice and associated methods are shown. A directional drill and associated methods are also shown. Examples of directional drill stem configurations include gripping jaws configured with a common jaw pivot. Examples of directional drill stem configurations also include a slot in a vice frame to allow lateral insertion of a drill stem segment.

Abstract: A tong includes a gear ring powered by a motor assembly, the gear ring having a plurality of ramps formed on an inner surface thereof and a brake plate rotationally independent of the gear ring, the brake plate having a gripping assembly for interacting with the ramps to grip a tubular. Also included is a brake assembly for preventing rotation of the brake plate, the brake assembly including an adjustable brake band for applying friction to the brake plate and at least one brake pad made of braking material disposed on an outer surface thereof in the area of contact with the brake band for reducing friction between the brake plate and the brake band. In one embodiment, the braking material is bronze.

Abstract: A device for determining the connection quality of threaded tubular components includes a case configured for mounting on an external surface portion of a threaded tubular component, at least one measuring device including a contact layer including a plurality of temperature sensors arranged to measure variables representative of temperatures at a plurality of locations E(i,j) of the external surface of the end of the tubular component.

Abstract: A wellbore drilling system includes a drilling tower and a drill floor; a drilling tubulars storage rack adapted to store multiple drilling tubulars; a tubular racking device mounted on the drilling tower having first and second tubular racking assemblies; and a well center tools storage structure. The motion arm of the a first tubular racker assembly is provided with a connector, and well center tools and a tubular gripper member are provided with complementary connectors. The well center tools storage structure is arranged such that the well center tools stored therein are within reach of the first tubular racker assembly so as to allow connection of a well center tool to the motion arm while the well center tool is stored in the well center tools storage structure. With the at least one well center tool connected to the motion arm of the lower tubular racker assembly, the well center tool is operable above the drill floor.

Abstract: A system includes a downhole tool having multiple electric leads. The system also includes a release device that includes an outer shell configured to mechanically couple to the downhole tool, and the outer shell is configured to form a cavity that is fluidly separate from wellbore fluids contained within a wellbore while the outer shell is mechanically coupled to the downhole tool. The release device also includes a contact block configured to electrically couple to the multiple electric leads. In addition, the contact block is configured to electrically decouple from the multiple electric leads while the outer shell remains mechanically coupled to the downhole tool. Further, the contact block is configured to remain in the cavity after electrically decoupling from the plurality of electric leads.

Abstract: Ratchet locking segments permit one direction relative movement and then prevent reverse movement to hold a set position of a tool. The segments are axially supported in a surrounding housing using an exterior profile on each segment meshing with a conforming profile on the outer housing. The meshing is loose to allow the segments the ability to move radially while supported axially. Biasing of opposed ratcheting segments toward each other is provided by a spring or springs at opposed axial ends of each segment or within the exterior profile between the axial ends. The end biasing can be done with coiled springs or bent tabs that store potential energy when assembled or with wave springs between the segment outer profile and a surrounding outer housing.

Abstract: Tubing in a borehole is removed using a rotary milling tool comprising a plurality of elements projecting from or extensible from the body of the tool. The elements are distributed azimuthally around the tool body. The elements comprise cutters to remove material from the tubing and outward facing guide surfaces for sliding contact with an inner surface of the tubing. As the tool is rotated and advanced, forward cutters contact the inner surface removing material from the tubing and exposing a renewed interior tubing surface with a diameter swept out by the cutter. The outward facing guide surfaces extend the same distance from the tool body as the forward cutters producing a sliding contact with the newly created inward facing surface. Further cutters, disposed behind the outward facing guide surfaces, with respect to motion of the tool through the tubing, remove the remaining portion of the tubing.

Abstract: The disclosed jarring device generates two jarring impacts at the end points of a reciprocating hammer assembly. Initially, flow of pressurized fluid through the jarring device is obstructed by a deformable member. The resulting increase in fluid pressure upstream of the deformable member causes compression of a spring and downstream movement of the hammer assembly to generate a first jarring impact. A further increase in fluid pressure beyond a threshold, causes a release of the obstruction by either deforming the member or by slicing it by pushing it through a slicer. Releasing of the obstruction causes decompression of the spring, and upstream sliding of the hammer assembly to generate a second jarring impact.

Abstract: A connector secures an ESP to coiled tubing containing a power cable. Upper and lower barriers in the connector housing define an upper chamber, a lower chamber, and a center chamber. An upper chamber dielectric fluid in the upper chamber is in fluid communication with the interior of the coiled tubing. A lower chamber dielectric fluid in the lower chamber is in fluid communication with motor lubricant in the motor of the ESP. Center chamber dielectric fluid in the center chamber is sealed from contact with the upper and lower chamber dielectric fluids by the upper and lower barriers. A thermal expansion device has a container portion for allowing center chamber dielectric fluid to expand into the container.

Abstract: Provided is a wellhead sealing device of a sucker-rod pumping machine, including a flexible connection unit, and further including a blowout prevention unit, a closing unit, a declination rectification unit and a lubrication unit, wherein the flexible connection unit is arranged between a wellhead and a packing box, and includes a lower flexible sealing sleeve (37), a lower flexible sealing sleeve housing (12), a sealing steel ring (11) and an upper flexible sealing sleeve (10). Portions above the flexible connection unit follow integrally a polished rod (7) constantly to swing, such that a packing (9) is dynamically coaxial with the polished rod (7) and the problem of eccentric wear of the packing can be completely solved. Furthermore, the device can also solve the problems of static coaxiality and lubrication between the polished rod (7) and the packing (9), as well as the problem of blowout prevention when the polished rod (7) is broken off.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the injection pressure of an aqueous polymeric solution in an oil well is formed by: at least one pressure modulation valve, allowing, per valve, a maximum pressure loss of 5 bars practically without any mechanical deterioration, the one or more valves being connected in line with; a tube containing vortex modules, each creating a maximum pressure loss of 5 bars, practically without any mechanical deterioration, a vortex module being a section of tube, which is closed at one of its ends by a cap perforated with a hole, and which can be inserted into the detachable tube. The purpose of the apparatus is the ability to reduce the pressure to 100 bars with total mechanical deterioration of less than 10%. A method for using the apparatus is also contemplated.

Abstract: A downhole system includes a packer assembly including a backup ring. The backup ring includes a plurality of nested leaves nested sequentially in a circumferential direction with adjacent circumferentially positioned leaves to collectively form a substantially circular shape. Each leaf includes a receiving section and an insertion section, the receiving section receiving an insertion section of an adjacent leaf. Upon radial expansion of the backup ring, the plurality of nested leaves fan out in the circumferential direction.

Abstract: A micro frac plug used to seal individual perforations formed in a casing installed within a subterranean wellbore. The plug comprises an insert element and a deformable sleeve. The insert element is received and retained within a medial section of the sleeve. The plug is sized to be lodged in or seated on a single perforation. The plug blocks fluid from flowing through the perforation.

Abstract: A seal system for downhole use in a surrounding tubular includes a seal support including a frusto-conical surface, and a seal member positioned about the seal support. The seal member includes a seal support member including first side having a recess, a second, opposing side, and a seal element coupled to the second, opposing side. The seal element is engageable with the surrounding tubular. An expansion limiter is arranged between the seal support and the seal member. The expansion limiter is positioned in the recess of the seal support member to limit axial movement of the seal member relative to the frusto-conical surface.

Abstract: A well tool can include an annular seal and a radial expansion mechanism having radially retracted and radially expanded configurations, the annular seal being longitudinally displaceable relative to the radial expansion mechanism in the radially retracted configuration. A method of setting a well tool can include positioning the well tool in a well, the well tool including an annular seal and a radial expansion mechanism, and then longitudinally displacing the annular seal to a radially outward position relative to the radial expansion mechanism. A well system can include a well tool including an annular seal, a radial expansion mechanism, an inner mandrel assembly and a setting sleeve, and a setting tool that produces a relative longitudinal displacement between the setting sleeve and the inner mandrel assembly, the annular seal radially outwardly overlying the radial expansion mechanism in response to the relative longitudinal displacement.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments include a retrievable bridge plug assembly. The retrievable bridge plug assembly includes a sealing element that is elastically deformable to expand radially outward when the sealing element experiences axial compression and at least one anti-extrusion device positioned downhole from the sealing element. The at least one anti-extrusion device includes a shoulder that in operation maintains contact with the sealing element. Also included in the at least one anti-extrusion device is a plurality of anti-extrusion petals positioned downhole from the shoulder that expand radially outward from the anti-extrusion device. Additionally, the at least one anti-extrusion device includes an expandable sleeve surrounding the plurality of anti-extrusion petals that covers extrusion gaps of the plurality of anti-extrusion petals when the plurality of anti-extrusion petals expand radially outward from the anti-extrusion device.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a device and method of sealing perforations on a well casing inside a subterranean well. The device comprises a generally cylindrical sleeve having a open top and a closed bottom; a heater located inside the sleeve, the heater comprising a thermite mixture; an ignition mechanism that ignites the thermite mixture upon actuation; and a string connected to the heater ignition and detachably engages the sleeve.

Abstract: A method of plugging a hydrocarbon well includes deploying a downhole tool to remove at least a portion of a casing at a section of well to be plugged. Deploying a blocking device downhole to block a bottom of the section of well to be plugged. Deploying a plugging material downhole onto the blocking device to fill an area to be plugged. Deploying an exothermic fluid downhole, wherein activation of the exothermic material liquefies the plugging material. Allowing the plugging material and the exothermic fluid to solidify form a cast-in-place plug that fills the section of well to be plugged.

Abstract: A pressure control valve for downhole treatment operations includes a valve body including an inlet, an outlet, and a valve seat. A valve assembly is arranged in the valve body. The valve assembly includes a valve member selectively positionable on the valve seat to control fluid flow through the valve body. A piston assembly including a piston and a control fluid inlet is arranged in the valve body. The piston is operatively connected to the valve assembly. The piston is operable to bias the valve member toward a closed configuration upon exposure to a control fluid.

Abstract: Systems and methods for pressure testing of production tubing in an oil or gas well utilizing a valve having a first and second cylindrical body arranged for axial movement within a cylindrical housing. Movement within the cylindrical housing is regulated by introduction of hydraulic fluid into a cavity in the cylindrical housing and a spring. Systems and methods may further include the use of configuring the cylindrical bodies for sealing engagement with one another caused by movement of the cylindrical bodies within the cylindrical housing.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating pressure pulses in a fluid flowing in a downhole tool includes a stator, a rotor, a motor, and an electronics module. The stator and the rotor each have one or more flow passages. The motor oscillates the rotor relative to the stator to align and misalign the flow passage(s) of the stator and the rotor to thereby generate the pressure pulses. The electronics module drives the motor using at least a first signal and a second signal. The motor causes the rotor to have an information-transmitting oscillation in response to the first signal and a cleaning oscillation in response to the second signal.

Abstract: Described herein are various embodiments of computer-implemented methods, computing systems, and program products for analyzing a flood operation on a hydrocarbon reservoir. For example, an embodiment includes establishing a dataset of allowed well connections for at least one production well and at least one injection well of the hydrocarbon reservoir. The embodiment includes iteratively modifying the dataset of allowed well connections based on a distance category, a static features category, a dynamic features category, or any combination thereof, where the static features category uses static data of the hydrocarbon reservoir and the dynamic features category uses dynamic data of the hydrocarbon reservoir. The embodiment includes, after iteratively modifying the dataset of allowed well connections, running capacitance resistance modeling using the modified dataset of allowed well connections as an input.